FI59638B - ANALYZING PLASTIC FOLLOWING TO BITUMINOUS BITUMINOEVERDRAGSMATERIAL FOER TAK - Google Patents

Description

1. ,, ---- Γ1 .... ANNOUNCEMENT CQ / C7 Q

Wa W <l1> UTLAeGNINGSSKIUFT 59600 C JiR Patent uyi-nn ^ tty 10 C9 1931 • »rra (45) pnt jr, .. t (51) Kv.ik.Vci.3 E 01 0 5/20, D 06 K 5/00 FINLAND —FINLAND (21) P »Mnttlhtk« mu * - PittntarM & knlnf 3633/72 (22) Hakamlipilvt - Ansölcnlnpdag 21.12.72 (23) Alkupdlvl —Glftljh * t »d» g 21.12.72 (41) TmIk | «L - Blhrlt effantllg 27.01.7 ^ _ '. (44) Date of issue and date of issue. - _

Patent · och refisterstyrelsen '' AntMun utUgd och utUkrtfUn published 29.05.81 (32) (33) (31) Privilege requested — Begird priority 26.07.72

England-England (GB) 35007/72 (71) Aktieselskabet Jens Villadsens Fabriker, Mileparken 38, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark-Danmark (DK) (72) Arne Corlin, Hvidovre, Ole Garn, Greve Strand, Denmark-Danmark (DK ) (7k) Oy Kolster Ab (5l) The use of a plastic film as a load-bearing layer in a bitumen roofing material and characterized in that it is formed by a plastic film coated with glass fibers superficially located on both sides, having a modulus of elasticity of at most 5,000 kp / cm 2 and a Vicat softening point of at least 60 ° C. The plastic material of the film is a thermoplastic stated herein, and in the working examples, a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate and a mixed polymer of styrene and butadiene are mentioned as the plastic material. The thickness of the plastic film can then be 0.2 to 5 mm, and the glass fibers on the surface of the plastic film are preferably fiberglass gauze or felt.

As an example of the use of this plastic sheet, the in the patent publication bituminous layer structures in the form of road pavements, in which a plastic sheet acting as a reinforcement layer is used as a protective layer instead of a conventional reinforced concrete protective layer between a moisture insulation membrane and the actual road surface, which is asphalt concrete.

2,59638

However, it has now become apparent that this plastic sheet is useful not only in such bituminous layer structures but also in bituminous layer structures in the form of roof coatings, especially roofing cardboard, where the plastic sheet is used as a frame and bonded with a bitumen layer on one or both sides.

Roofing cardboard for roofing purposes usually comprises a frame of e.g. gray rag board impregnated with asphalt or tar and covered on one or both sides with a layer of bitumen, e.g. asphalt or tar. In order to form a moisture-impermeable roof covering with satisfactory strength properties, it is often customary to make such roof coverings from a number of layers, e.g. five layers of roofing cardboard. In order to prolong the life of such roof coverings, it is customary to cover the free exterior of the surface board with a protective layer, which is preferably formed by more or less flat particles or small sheets of crushed slate or other natural aggregate or some ceramic or other suitable material.

Attempts have been made to use a fiberglass-based frame instead of gray ragboard. However, it has been found that such roofing sheets based on fiberglass frames tend to be far too rigid to allow a satisfactory installation on the roof. There is still a tendency to crack in bitumen layers, especially in cold weather.

Attempts have also been made to use polyethylene film as a frame in roofing cardboard. Such a frame has been found to be unsatisfactory, mainly due to the lack of thermal stability required to withstand temperatures of the order of 180 ° C used in the manufacture of roofing boards. In addition, the thermal expansion coefficient of the polyethylene film is far too high for the films to be suitable for roof coverings.

The invention therefore relates to the use of a plastic film with a glass fiber layer partially fused to the plastic film on both sides and having a plastic film modulus of elasticity of at most 5,000 kp / cm and a Vicat softening point of at least 60 ° C as a load-bearing layer in the roofing material.

Such a plastic film with a superficially located fiberglass reinforcement is in itself rigid and could thus be assumed to be completely unsuitable as a frame for a rolled roofing board. However, it has been found that the flexibility of the final product is excellent and actually greater than the flexibility of the body itself. The plastic film is preferably made of polyolefin or preferably polyethylene, polypropylene, copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate and both copolymers of styrene and butadiene.

3,59638

Roofing cardboard, which includes a polyethylene film coated with superficially located glass fibers as a frame, has strength properties that are clearly superior to the strength properties of a roofing board in which gray rag-cardboard is used as the frame. Thus, the tensile strength and tear strength are about three times that of roofing cardboard based on gray rag cardboard. In addition, the elongation at break is only about 3% -

It is not recommended to use films with a modulus of elasticity greater than 2,500 kp / cm, as such films are difficult to roll and are therefore difficult to handle during use. Films with a softening point below 60 ° C are not sufficiently resistant to temperatures in the manufacture of roofing board, which can be as high as 130 ° C and above.

The thickness of the plastic film is normally between 0.2-5 mm, but the extremely preferred thickness for roofing cardboard frames is 0.8-0.9 mm · Films thinner than 0.2 mm are far too sensitive and break easily when coated with fiberglass or bitumen and thicker films are difficult wrap in a roll and are difficult to handle.

The glass fibers superficially located on the plastic film are preferably fused to the surfaces of the plastic film. The glass fiber material is preferably in the form of nonwoven fabrics made wet from the glass fiber fabric with a thickness of about 0.25 mm. Wet fabrics are preferred because they are more uniform in thickness than dry fabrics. The fiberglass fabric is preferably adhered to the plastic film in such a way that the plastic has partially penetrated the fiberglass fabric, preferably about half of its thickness. This results in a very strong adhesion of the bitumen layers applied to one or both sides of the glass fiber coated plastic film. This strong adhesion is in stark contrast to the weak adhesion obtained by applying bitumen directly to a plastic film without superficially located glass fibers. It is thus clear that the fiberglass coating acts not only as a reinforcement in the plastic film but also as an adhesion-improving coating.

The fiberglass fabrics are preferably impregnated with a binder so that the fabrics receive the required strength. Examples of suitable binders are phenol formaldehyde and urea formaldehyde resins.

It is generally preferred that the bitumen layer be applied to both sides of the reinforced frame of the roofing board. Since the bitumen layer on the lower surface of the cardboard mainly acts as a binder, it is not necessary to apply this bitumen layer until the cardboard is attached to the structure below.

^ 59638

Also within the scope of the invention is a method of making the roofing board product described above. This method comprises extruding a plastic film in a conventional extruder and introducing an impregnated fiberglass cloth to each side of the film while the film is still hot. In this case, the layers of material are pressed together, preferably between the rollers of a pair of rollers.

One or two layers of bitumen are then applied to the surface of the reinforced film. The application of the bituminous layers can be carried out with a standard roofing board making machine.

The invention also relates to a body of the above-mentioned type, in particular a polyethylene film body coated on both sides with superficially located glass fibers.

In addition, the invention also comprises a roof covering consisting of superimposed layers of the roofing board product described above. As mentioned above, roof coverings usually comprise a plurality of superimposed roof-cardboard layers. Due to the excellent strength of the roofing board product according to the invention, it has become possible to reduce the layers from e.g. 5 to 2 or 3 without compromising on quality. In order to reduce the need for maintenance of the roofing, the outer bitumen layer is preferably coated with a layer of crushed slate or other natural stone or ceramic or other suitable material.

Such a frame has numerous advantages over other types of fiberglass-based frames for roofing cardboard. Thus, the frame has high mechanical strength and is self-watertight. In addition, the frame is so rigid that it does not cause operational problems in hot air and that finished products, i.e. cardboard rolls, can be stored upright without the need for the cardboard to be wrapped in a sleeve. Other advantages are that the plastic sheet used as the frame has good frost properties and has such suitable stiffness in cold conditions that the surface paving asphalt in the frame is hardly exposed to such strong bending stresses that the surface paving asphalt breaks. Another advantage is that the body can be thermoformed with a gas flame and will retain its new shape after cooling and cooling - this will make it easier to cover the edges and corners. Due to the fact that the frame has good nailability and high nail strength, the risk of the frame breaking with the resulting slippage on steep roofs becomes very low. In addition, the body formed of fiberglass-coated plastic film has poor heat transfer properties, which is advantageous because the surface cardboard made of the body with a crushed stone surface coating allows it to be glued to on the upper surface. An additional advantage of the plastic sheet used as the frame is that it has resistance to puncture by sharp objects such as stones and capsules, and that it has a good weight-distributing effect. This is of great importance, e.g., when coating mineral wool boards with cardboard, as such boards can be flywashed from movement on the roof when common types of cardboard are used for coating. However, the good weight-distributing effect of the frame causes the weight to be distributed over a larger area of the mineral wool sheets, so that the specific surface weight applied to them becomes substantially lower and so that the fear of their harmful compression becomes less.

However, it has been found that the above-mentioned plastic sheet can very advantageously be used not only for bituminous layer structures in the form of road pavements and roofing cardboard but also for other bituminous layer structures in which asphalt and bitumen are used to form different pavement layers.

When used as a frame in roofing cardboard, this fiberglass-coated plastic film, as well as when used as a reinforcing or protective layer in road pavements, shall be in the form of a plastic film coated with superficial glass fibers on both sides with a maximum modulus of 2 cm 60UC.

As the plastic material in the fiberglass-coated plastic film, not only the copolymers mentioned in the main patent but also polyethylene, polypropylene and other plastic materials that meet the above-mentioned requirements for the modulus of elasticity and the Vicat softening point can be used.

The invention is illustrated in the following by a few embodiments, of which Examples 1-1 + a fiberglass-coated plastic film is intended for use as a frame in cardboard and Example 5 refers to a plastic film for use as a protective layer in the production of bituminous coatings on a concrete substrate.

Example 1

Cardboard for use as the top layer in the roofing was prepared as follows.

A 0.8 mm polypropylene film was coated on both sides with a wet-laid fiberglass felt weighing 25 g / m 2. The coating was then carried out in such a way that the propylene plastic penetrated the glass fiber felt only up to about 3 half its strength. The polypropylene film used had a density of 0.89 g / cra, a Vicat softening point of 115 ° C and a melt index of 2.

6,59638

The fiberglass-coated plastic film was then coated on each side with a 1 mm thick layer of oxidized asphalt having a KoR softening point of 85 ° C (determined by the ball-and-ring method) and a Fraas breaking point of -25 ° C and containing 30% of fine-grained inorganic filler.

The asphalt-coated cardboard was coated with fine-grained talc on the lower surface and crushed shale on the upper surface.

The finished roofing board product had the following properties:

Tensile strength 50 kg / 5 cm width Elongation at break%

Tearing force (Scan P 11: 6UX)> 3,200 p

Scandinavian Pulp, Paper and Board Testing Committee, Scan-P 11: 6U, published in Svensk Papperstidning 67 (196U): 15) 579-583.

Example 2

Cardboard for use as a membrane insulator (water pressure insulation) was prepared as follows.

A 1.0 mm plastic film made of a copolymer of 85% ethylene and 15% vinyl acetate was coated on each side with a wet 2 fiberglass felt weighing 50 g / m 2. The coating was then carried out in such a way that the copolymer penetrated the glass fiber felt only about half its thickness. The plastic film used had a density of 0.93 g / cm, a Vicat softening point of 65 ° C and a melt index of 3.

The fiberglass-coated plastic film was then coated on each side with a 1.5 mm thick layer of oxidized asphalt having a KoR softening point of 110 ° C and a Fraas breaking point of -30 ° C and containing 30% of fine-grained inorganic filler.

The asphalt-coated cardboard was coated with a thin polyethylene film on the lower surface and fine-grained sand on the upper surface.

The finished product had the following characteristics:

Tensile strength 85 kg / 5 cm wide

Elongation at break k%

Tearing force (Scan P 11: 6U)> 3,200 p

Example 3

Roofing cardboard for use as a surface board in roofing was prepared as follows.

A 0.8 mm polyethylene film was wet coated on both sides. ...

fiberglass felt weighing 50 g / m 2. The coating was then carried out in such a way that the plastic penetrated the fiberglass felt only about halfway through. . 2.

its thickness. The plastic film used had a density of 0.92 g / cm 3, a Vicat softening point of 76 ° C and a melt index of 20.

τ 59638

The fiberglass-coated plastic film was then coated on each side with a 1 mm thick layer of oxidized asphalt having a KoR softening point of 95 ° C and a Fraas breaking point of -25 ° C and containing 30% of fine-grained inorganic filler.

The asphalt-coated cardboard was coated with fine-grained talc on the lower surface and crushed shale on the upper surface.

The finished product had the following characteristics:

Tensile strength 80 kg / 5 cm width

Elongation at break U%

Tearing force (Scan P 11: 6k)> 3,200 p

Example k

Cardboard for use as a membrane insulator (water pressure insulation) was prepared as follows.

A 1.0 mm polyethylene film was coated on both sides with a wet-laid fiberglass felt weighing 25 g / m 2. The coating was then carried out in such a way that the plastic penetrated the glass fiber felt only to about half of its thickness. The plastic film used had a density of 0.92 g / cm, a Vicat softening point of 86 ° C and a melt index of 2.

The fiberglass-coated plastic film was then coated on each side with a 1.5 mm thick layer of oxidized asphalt having a KoR softening point of 100 ° C and a Fraas breaking point of -30 ° C and containing 30% of fine-grained inorganic filler.

The asphalt-coated cardboard was coated with a thin polyethylene film on the lower surface and fine-grained sand on the upper surface.

The finished product had the following characteristics:

Tensile strength 55 kg / 5 cm wide

Elongation at break 4%

Tearing force (Scan P 11: 6U)> 3,200 p

Example 5

The cleaned concrete of the highway bridge was brushed with a base asphalt solution containing a gluing agent. Using hot-melt asphalt with a KoR softening point of 85 ° C, two layers of asphalt tiles reinforced with 180 g / m glass cloth coated on both sides with asphalt with a KoR softening point of 110 ° C and a Fra breaking point -2i + ° C. The plates in each layer move relative to each other. Using the same hot-melt asphalt, a layer of 1.5 mm 8,59638 glass-fiber-coated plastic film of polyethylene having a melt index of 20, a density of 0.916 g / cm 3 and a Vicat softening point of 6 ° C and each of half-sided was then glued to the asphalt boards. . . . 2 dolls were coated with a fiberglass gauze weighing 50 g / m, whereby the plastic had penetrated the fiberglass gauze about half of its thickness. An asphalt solution containing a gluing agent was brushed on the surface of the plastic film as a substrate. A 1.5 cm thick layer of asphalt concrete was then laid, having a temperature of 130 ° C at the time of laying and containing a rock material with a grain size of 0- ^ mm and bitumen in an amount of 6%, calculated on the asphalt concrete. After rolling, a 5 cm thick layer of asphalt concrete of the same type as that used for the highway itself was laid.