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EP4469675B1 - Pump for a hydroelectric power station - Google Patents

Pump for a hydroelectric power station Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4469675B1
EP4469675B1 EP22821554.7A EP22821554A EP4469675B1 EP 4469675 B1 EP4469675 B1 EP 4469675B1 EP 22821554 A EP22821554 A EP 22821554A EP 4469675 B1 EP4469675 B1 EP 4469675B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
connecting line
swirl
pump
pressure
suction pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP22821554.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4469675A1 (en
Inventor
Roland Meyer
Jörg Necker
Martin Giese
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Voith Patent GmbH
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Voith Patent GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP4469675A1 publication Critical patent/EP4469675A1/en
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Publication of EP4469675B1 publication Critical patent/EP4469675B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B15/00—Controlling
    • F03B15/005—Starting, also of pump-turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F03B11/002—Injecting air or other fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/02—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with radial flow at high-pressure side and axial flow at low-pressure side of rotors, e.g. Francis turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/16—Stators
    • F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
    • F03B3/186—Spiral or volute casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/10—Stators
    • F05B2240/13—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines
    • F05B2240/132—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines creating a vortex or tornado effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/96—Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pump for a hydroelectric power plant.
  • the pump may also be a pump turbine.
  • Such a pump comprises an impeller, a volute casing and a suction pipe.
  • the DE 10 2010 050 001 A1 discloses such a pump or pump turbine.
  • This comprises a counter-swirl generator, which can be activated in the pumping direction during start-up.
  • the counter-swirl generator comprises a plurality of guide elements or swirl-generating nozzles. These are arranged at the outlet section of the suction pipe and around the rotational axis of the impeller.
  • the JP S63 88278 A also discloses such a pump.
  • the disclosed pump comprises a connecting line connecting the high-pressure side water path to the low-pressure side water path, and a swirl generator that is not arranged in the connecting line.
  • JPS5 181974 A discloses such a connecting line.
  • the connecting line disclosed in the cited document serves to drain the volute casing.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an arrangement which is capable of generating a counter-twist and is simpler in design than the arrangement known from the prior art.
  • FIG. 1 shows a pump according to the invention in a highly simplified representation.
  • the pump comprises a high-pressure side waterway, a low-pressure side waterway and an impeller, which is designated by 1.
  • the high-pressure side waterway comprises a spiral casing, which is designated by 2, and a pressure pipe, which is designated by 4.
  • the pressure pipe 4 is connected to the spiral casing 2.
  • the low-pressure side waterway comprises a suction pipe, which is designated by 3.
  • the axis of rotation of the impeller 1 is in Figure 1 indicated by the vertical dashed line.
  • the impeller is a Francis impeller.
  • the impeller can also be designed differently, for example, as a Kaplan impeller or a propeller impeller.
  • the pump includes a closure member, designated 8, which can prevent the flow of water through the pump.
  • the closure member 8 is located in the high-pressure waterway.
  • the closure element is a guide vane with closable guide vanes. However, it could just as well be a spherical valve or another type of valve in the pressure pipe 4.
  • a closure element 8 designed in this way is referred to as a "main inlet valve.”
  • the closure element 8 is closed before the pump starts up and only opens when the pump has reached its operating speed.
  • Pumps according to the invention can also comprise more than one closure element 8, e.g., a spherical valve and a guide vane. In this case, the guide vane is usually closed when the pump starts up. If the pump is a pump turbine, it generally comprises a guide vane with movable guide vanes.
  • the pump further comprises a connecting line, designated 5, which connects the high-pressure side waterway with the low-pressure side waterway.
  • This is a bypass line, as it allows water to flow from the pressure pipe 4 into the suction pipe 3 without the water passing through the impeller 1.
  • the connecting line 5 can be connected to the pressure pipe 4, as shown in Figure 1 shown, or branch off from the spiral casing 2, the connecting line 5 in each case branching off in the pump flow direction behind the closure member 8. If the pump comprises more than one closure member 8, the connecting line 5 branches off in the pump flow direction behind the closure member 8 which is closed before the pump starts up.
  • valve 6 which is designated 6 and which can regulate the water flow through the connecting line 5.
  • a swirl generator, designated 7, is arranged in the connecting line 5.
  • the swirl generator 7 is designed such that water passing through the swirl generator 7 in the connecting line 5 is imparted with a swirl as it passes through the swirl generator.
  • Swirl means that the water moving in the direction of the connecting line in addition to this movement rotates around the centerline of the connecting line. In other words, any partial volume of water away from the centerline of the connecting line follows a helical trajectory after the swirl generator.
  • the connecting line 5 opens into the suction pipe 3 in the region in which the axis of rotation of the impeller intersects the wall of the suction pipe 3. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the connecting line 5 opens into the suction pipe 3 in such a way that the connecting line 5 is aligned at the opening point so that it points in the direction of the impeller 1. In this way, a rotating water cone can form in the suction pipe 3, which in Figure 1 is indicated by the inclined dashed lines.
  • the connecting line 5 opens into the suction pipe 3 in such a way that a rotating water cone can form in the suction pipe 3, which extends in the suction pipe 3 between the opening of the connecting line 5 and the impeller 1 when water flows through the connecting line 5 into the suction pipe 3.
  • FIG. 1 A particularly advantageous arrangement is shown, since the opening of the connecting line 5 is located exactly at the point where the axis of rotation of the impeller 1 intersects the wall of the suction pipe 3. Furthermore, the connecting line 5 is aligned exactly coaxially with the axis of rotation at the opening. Minor deviations from this arrangement lead to only a negligible impairment of the described advantageous effect.
  • the swirl generator 7 Since the swirl in the water flow through the connecting line 5 after the swirl generator 7 decreases with increasing distance due to friction effects, it is advantageous if the swirl generator is arranged as close as possible to the opening of the connecting line 5 into the suction pipe 3. However, since the swirl generator 7 is always located outside the suction pipe 3, the water flow through the suction pipe 3 is not disturbed by the swirl generator 7 during normal operation of the pump.
  • the connecting line 5 is designed as a nozzle at the outlet, i.e., if the cross-section of the connecting line 5 narrows before the outlet. This increases the speed at which the swirling water flows from the connecting line 5 into the suction pipe 3. This can increase the effective range of the resulting rotating water cone in the suction pipe.
  • FIG 2 shows a possible embodiment of a swirl generator 7 with a fixed arrangement of the swirl-generating elements.
  • the figure shows a view along the axis of the connecting line 5, whereby the hatching is merely intended to clarify the illustration. This means that the hatched areas are not sectional areas.
  • the swirl generator 7 arranged in the connecting line 5 comprises four swirl-generating elements, one of which is designated 7.1.
  • the swirl-generating elements 7.1 comprise an outer side, with which they are fastened to the wall of the connecting line 5.
  • the swirl-generating elements can be fastened internally to one another or to a hub.
  • Figure 2 The swirl-generating elements 7.1 are attached to a small hub, which is designated 7.2.
  • the swirl-generating elements 7.1 In order for the swirl-generating elements 7.1 to fulfil their purpose, they must have a corresponding inclination, especially on the outside. In addition, they can also have a curvature.
  • the number of swirl-generating elements 7.1 is arbitrary. In principle, a screw-like bent sheet metal, which is attached to the outside of the inner wall of the connecting line (i.e. similar to an Archimedes screw), is sufficient. In the embodiments with immobile swirl-generating elements 7.1, the range of the generated rotating Water cone in the suction pipe 3 can be adjusted by the amount of water flowing through the connecting pipe 5, ie with the help of the valve 6.
  • FIG 3 shows an embodiment of a swirl generator 7 with movable swirl-generating elements 7.1.
  • the swirl-generating elements 7.1 comprise axes that are rotatably mounted and guided through the wall of the connecting line 5.
  • the number of these should be at least two.
  • the swirl imparted to the water flowing through the connecting line 5 can be adjusted by rotating the elements 7.1 about their axes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Pumpe für ein Wasserkraftwerk. Bei der Pumpe kann es sich auch um eine Pumpturbine handeln.The invention relates to a pump for a hydroelectric power plant. The pump may also be a pump turbine.

Eine solche Pumpe umfasst ein Laufrad, ein Spiralgehäuse sowie ein Saugrohr.Such a pump comprises an impeller, a volute casing and a suction pipe.

Die DE 10 2010 050 001 A1 offenbart eine solche Pumpe bzw. Pumpturbine. Diese umfasst einen Gegendrallerzeuger, welcher während des Anfahrens in Pumprichtung aktivierbar ist. Der Gegendrallerzeuger umfasst dabei eine Mehrzahl von Leitelementen bzw. von Drallerzeugungsdüsen. Dieselben sind am Auslassabschnitt des Saugrohres und um die Drehachse des Laufrades herum angeordnet.The DE 10 2010 050 001 A1 discloses such a pump or pump turbine. This comprises a counter-swirl generator, which can be activated in the pumping direction during start-up. The counter-swirl generator comprises a plurality of guide elements or swirl-generating nozzles. These are arranged at the outlet section of the suction pipe and around the rotational axis of the impeller.

Die JP S63 88278 A offenbart ebenfalls eine solche Pumpe. Die offenbarte Pumpe umfasst eine Verbindungsleitung, welche den hochdruckseitigen Wasserweg mit dem niederdruckseitigen Wasserweg verbindet, und einen Drallgeber, welcher nicht in der Verbindungsleitung angeordnet ist.The JP S63 88278 A also discloses such a pump. The disclosed pump comprises a connecting line connecting the high-pressure side water path to the low-pressure side water path, and a swirl generator that is not arranged in the connecting line.

Ferner sind aus dem Stand der Technik Pumpen mit Verbindungsleitungen zwischen dem Spiralgehäuse und dem Saugrohr bekannt. So offenbart beispielsweise die JPS5 181974 A eine solche Verbindungsleitung. Die in der genannten Schrift offenbarte Verbindungsleitung dient dabei der Entwässerung des Spiralgehäuses.Furthermore, pumps with connecting lines between the volute casing and the suction pipe are known from the prior art. For example, JPS5 181974 A discloses such a connecting line. The connecting line disclosed in the cited document serves to drain the volute casing.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Anordnung anzugeben, welche in der Lage ist, einen Gegendrall zu erzeugen und einfacher ausgebildet ist als die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Anordnung.The object of the invention is to provide an arrangement which is capable of generating a counter-twist and is simpler in design than the arrangement known from the prior art.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Ausführung entsprechend dem unabhängigen Anspruch gelöst. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung finden sich in den Unteransprüchen.The object is achieved according to the invention by an embodiment according to the independent claim. Further advantageous embodiments of the present invention can be found in the subclaims.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Figuren erläutert. Die Figuren zeigen im Einzelnen:

Fig.1
Erfindungsgemäße Pumpe
Fig.2
Drallgeber in einer ersten Ausführungsform
Fig.3
Drallgeber in einer zweiten Ausführungsform
The invention is explained below with reference to the figures. The figures show in detail:
Fig.1
Pump according to the invention
Fig.2
Swirl generator in a first embodiment
Fig.3
Swirl generator in a second embodiment

Figur 1 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Pumpe in stark vereinfachter Darstellung. Die Pumpe umfasst einen hochdruckseitigen Wasserweg, einen niederdruckseitigen Wasserweg und ein Laufrad, welches mit 1 bezeichnet ist. Der hochdruckseitige Wasserweg umfasst ein Spiralgehäuse, welches mit 2 bezeichnet ist, und eine Druckrohrleitung, welche mit 4 bezeichnet ist. Dabei schließt sich die Druckrohrleitung 4 an das Spiralgehäuse 2 an. Der niederdruckseitige Wasserweg umfasst ein Saugrohr, welches mit 3 bezeichnet ist. Die Drehachse des Laufrades 1 ist in Figur 1 durch die vertikale gestrichelte Linie angedeutet. In der Darstellung von Figur 1 ist das Laufrad ein Francis-Laufrad. Das Laufrad kann aber genauso gut anders ausgebildet sein, beispielsweise als Kaplan-Laufrad oder als Propeller-Laufrad. Figure 1 shows a pump according to the invention in a highly simplified representation. The pump comprises a high-pressure side waterway, a low-pressure side waterway and an impeller, which is designated by 1. The high-pressure side waterway comprises a spiral casing, which is designated by 2, and a pressure pipe, which is designated by 4. The pressure pipe 4 is connected to the spiral casing 2. The low-pressure side waterway comprises a suction pipe, which is designated by 3. The axis of rotation of the impeller 1 is in Figure 1 indicated by the vertical dashed line. In the representation of Figure 1 The impeller is a Francis impeller. However, the impeller can also be designed differently, for example, as a Kaplan impeller or a propeller impeller.

Die Pumpe umfasst ein Verschlussorgan, welches mit 8 bezeichnet ist und den Wasserfluss durch die Pumpe unterbinden kann. Dabei ist das Verschlussorgan 8 im hochdruckseitigen Wasserweg angeordnet. In der Darstellung von Figur 1 ist das Verschlussorgan ein Leitapparat mit schließbaren Leitschaufeln. Es könnte sich jedoch genauso gut um einen Kugelschieber oder ein anders geartetes Ventil in der Druckrohrleitung 4 handeln. Ein derart ausgebildetes Verschlussorgan 8 wird in der englischen Sprache als "main inlet valve" bezeichnet. Das Verschlussorgan 8 wird vor dem Anfahren der Pumpe geschlossen und erst dann geöffnet, wenn die Pumpe auf die Arbeitsdrehzahl hochgefahren ist. Erfindungsgemäße Pumpen können auch mehr als ein Verschlussorgan 8 umfassen, z.B. einen Kugelschieber und einen Leitapparat. In diesem Fall wird gewöhnlich der Leitapparat beim Anfahren der Pumpe geschlossen. Wenn die Pumpe eine Pumpturbine ist, dann umfasst sie in der Regel einen Leitapparat mit beweglichen Leitschaufeln.The pump includes a closure member, designated 8, which can prevent the flow of water through the pump. The closure member 8 is located in the high-pressure waterway. In the illustration of Figure 1 The closure element is a guide vane with closable guide vanes. However, it could just as well be a spherical valve or another type of valve in the pressure pipe 4. A closure element 8 designed in this way is referred to as a "main inlet valve." The closure element 8 is closed before the pump starts up and only opens when the pump has reached its operating speed. Pumps according to the invention can also comprise more than one closure element 8, e.g., a spherical valve and a guide vane. In this case, the guide vane is usually closed when the pump starts up. If the pump is a pump turbine, it generally comprises a guide vane with movable guide vanes.

Die Pumpe umfasst ferner eine Verbindungsleitung, welche mit 5 bezeichnet ist und den hochdruckseitigen Wasserweg mit dem niederdruckseitigen Wasserweg verbindet. Dabei handelt es sich um eine Umgehungsleitung, da durch dieselbe Wasser von der Druckrohrleitung 4 ins Saugrohr 3 gelangen kann, ohne dass das Wasser dabei das Laufrad 1 passiert. Die Verbindungsleitung 5 kann dazu von der Druckrohrleitung 4, wie in Figur 1 dargestellt, oder vom Spiralgehäuse 2 abzweigen, wobei die Verbindungsleitung 5 in jedem Fall in Pumpenflussrichtung hinter dem Verschlussorgan 8 abzweigt. Wenn die Pumpe mehr als ein Verschlussorgan 8 umfasst, dann zweigt die Verbindungsleitung 5 in Pumpenflussrichtung hinter demjenigen Verschlussorgan 8 ab, welches vor dem Anfahren der Pumpe geschlossen wird.The pump further comprises a connecting line, designated 5, which connects the high-pressure side waterway with the low-pressure side waterway. This is a bypass line, as it allows water to flow from the pressure pipe 4 into the suction pipe 3 without the water passing through the impeller 1. For this purpose, the connecting line 5 can be connected to the pressure pipe 4, as shown in Figure 1 shown, or branch off from the spiral casing 2, the connecting line 5 in each case branching off in the pump flow direction behind the closure member 8. If the pump comprises more than one closure member 8, the connecting line 5 branches off in the pump flow direction behind the closure member 8 which is closed before the pump starts up.

In der Verbindungsleitung 5 ist ein Ventil angeordnet, welches mit 6 bezeichnet ist und welches den Wasserfluss durch die Verbindungsleitung 5 regeln kann.In the connecting line 5 there is a valve, which is designated 6 and which can regulate the water flow through the connecting line 5.

In der Verbindungsleitung 5 ist ein Drallgeber angeordnet, welcher mit 7 bezeichnet ist. Der Drallgeber 7 ist so ausgebildet, dass Wasser, das in der Verbindungsleitung 5 den Drallgeber 7 passiert, bei der Passage desselben mit einem Drall versehen wird. Dabei bedeutet Drall, dass das Wasser, welches sich in der Verbindungsleitung in Richtung der Verbindungsleitung fortbewegt, zusätzlich zu dieser Bewegung eine Rotation um die Mittellinie der Verbindungsleitung ausführt. Mit anderen Worten folgt ein beliebiges Teilvolumen von Wasser abseits der Mittellinie der Verbindungsleitung nach dem Drallgeber einer schraubenlinienförmigen Trajektorie.A swirl generator, designated 7, is arranged in the connecting line 5. The swirl generator 7 is designed such that water passing through the swirl generator 7 in the connecting line 5 is imparted with a swirl as it passes through the swirl generator. Swirl means that the water moving in the direction of the connecting line in addition to this movement rotates around the centerline of the connecting line. In other words, any partial volume of water away from the centerline of the connecting line follows a helical trajectory after the swirl generator.

Wenn der Drall behaftete Wasserstrahl aus der Verbindungsleitung 5 in das Saugrohr 3 eintritt, bildet sich durch den Drall des Wasserstrahls in demselben eine rotierende Strömung aus. D.h. der Drall des ins Saugrohr eintretenden Wasserstrahls versetzt das sich im Saugrohr befindliche Wasser in eine rotierende Bewegung. Auf diese Weise kann im Wasser an der Eintrittsseite des Laufrades ein Gegendrall erzeugt werden, welcher das Anfahren der Pumpe erleichtert und Vibrationen beim Anfahren vermindert.When the swirling water jet from the connecting line 5 enters the suction pipe 3, the swirl of the water jet creates a rotating flow within the suction pipe. This means that the swirl of the water jet entering the suction pipe sets the water in the suction pipe into a rotating motion. This creates a counter-swirl in the water at the inlet side of the impeller, which facilitates pump start-up and reduces vibrations during start-up.

Um die genannten günstigen Bedingungen zuverlässig zu erzeugen, ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Verbindungsleitung 5 in der Region in das Saugrohr 3 mündet, in der die Drehachse des Laufrades die Wand des Saugrohrs 3 schneidet. Außerdem ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Verbindungsleitung 5 so in das Saugrohr 3 mündet, dass die Verbindungsleitung 5 an der Mündungsstelle so ausgerichtet ist, dass sie in Richtung des Laufrades 1 weist. Auf diese Weise kann sich im Saugrohr 3 ein rotierender Wasserkegel bilden, welcher in Figur 1 durch die geneigten gestrichelten Linien angedeutet ist. Mit anderen Worten ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Verbindungsleitung 5 so in das Saugrohr 3 mündet, dass sich im Saugrohr 3 ein rotierender Wasserkegel ausbilden kann, welcher sich im Saugrohr 3 zwischen der Mündung der Verbindungsleitung 5 und dem Laufrad 1 erstreckt, wenn Wasser durch die Verbindungsleitung 5 ins Saugrohr 3 fließt.In order to reliably create the above-mentioned favorable conditions, it is advantageous if the connecting line 5 opens into the suction pipe 3 in the region in which the axis of rotation of the impeller intersects the wall of the suction pipe 3. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the connecting line 5 opens into the suction pipe 3 in such a way that the connecting line 5 is aligned at the opening point so that it points in the direction of the impeller 1. In this way, a rotating water cone can form in the suction pipe 3, which in Figure 1 is indicated by the inclined dashed lines. In other words, it is advantageous if the connecting line 5 opens into the suction pipe 3 in such a way that a rotating water cone can form in the suction pipe 3, which extends in the suction pipe 3 between the opening of the connecting line 5 and the impeller 1 when water flows through the connecting line 5 into the suction pipe 3.

In Figur 1 ist eine besonders vorteilhafte Anordnung dargestellt, da sich die Mündung der Verbindungsleitung 5 exakt an der Stelle befindet, an der die Drehachse des Laufrades 1 die Wand des Saugrohrs 3 schneidet. Außerdem ist die Verbindungsleitung 5 an der Mündung exakt koaxial zur Drehachse ausgerichtet. Geringe Abweichungen von dieser Anordnung führen nur zu einer vernachlässigbaren Beeinträchtigung der beschriebenen günstigen Wirkung.In Figure 1 A particularly advantageous arrangement is shown, since the opening of the connecting line 5 is located exactly at the point where the axis of rotation of the impeller 1 intersects the wall of the suction pipe 3. Furthermore, the connecting line 5 is aligned exactly coaxially with the axis of rotation at the opening. Minor deviations from this arrangement lead to only a negligible impairment of the described advantageous effect.

Eine fast gleichwertige Anordnung erhält man, wenn die Mündung der Verbindungsleitung 5 zwar signifikant von der Stelle abweicht, an der die Drehachse des Laufrades 1 die Wand des Saugrohrs 3 schneidet, aber die Verbindungsleitung 5 dort so ausgerichtet ist, dass dieselbe auf das Zentrum des Laufrades 1 weist. Auch geringe Abweichungen von dieser Anordnung sind tolerierbar. Es kann sogar von Vorteil sein, wenn die Verbindungsleitung 5 an der Mündung nicht exakt auf das Zentrum des Laufrades 1 ausgerichtet ist, um der Asymmetrie Rechnung zu tragen, welche durch die Form des Saugrohrs 3 gegeben ist. Der Fachmann kann, instruiert durch die technische Lehre der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine solche vorteilhafte Abweichung von der beschriebenen Anordnung mit Hilfe einer Strömungssimulation auffinden, ohne dabei erfinderisch tätig zu werden.An almost equivalent arrangement is obtained if the opening of the connecting line 5 deviates significantly from the point where the axis of rotation of the impeller 1 intersects the wall of the suction pipe 3, but the connecting line 5 is aligned there so that it points towards the center of the impeller 1. Even minor deviations from this arrangement are tolerable. It can even be advantageous if the connecting line 5 is not aligned exactly with the center of the impeller 1 at the opening in order to account for the asymmetry caused by the shape of the suction pipe 3. The person skilled in the art, instructed by the technical teaching of the present invention, can find such an advantageous deviation from the described arrangement with the aid of a flow simulation without engaging in inventive activity.

Da sich der Drall im Wasserfluss durch die Verbindungsleitung 5 nach dem Drallgeber 7 durch Reibungseffekte zunehmend mit dem Abstand zu demselben vermindert, ist es von Vorteil, wenn der Drallgeber möglichst nahe an der Mündung der Verbindungsleitung 5 ins Saugrohr 3 angeordnet ist. Da sich der Drallgeber 7 jedoch in jedem Fall außerhalb des Saugrohrs 3 befindet, wird im Normalbetrieb der Pumpe der Wasserfluss durch das Saugrohr 3 durch den Drallgeber 7 nicht gestört.Since the swirl in the water flow through the connecting line 5 after the swirl generator 7 decreases with increasing distance due to friction effects, it is advantageous if the swirl generator is arranged as close as possible to the opening of the connecting line 5 into the suction pipe 3. However, since the swirl generator 7 is always located outside the suction pipe 3, the water flow through the suction pipe 3 is not disturbed by the swirl generator 7 during normal operation of the pump.

Ferner kann es von Vorteil sein, wenn die Verbindungsleitung 5 an der Mündung als Düse ausgebildet ist, d.h. wenn sich der Querschnitt der Verbindungsleitung 5 vor der Mündung verengt. Dadurch vergrößert sich die Geschwindigkeit, mit der das Drall behaftete Wasser aus der Verbindungsleitung 5 ins Saugrohr 3 ausströmt. Dadurch kann die effektive Reichweite des resultierenden rotierenden Wasserkegels im Saugrohr vergrößert werden.Furthermore, it may be advantageous if the connecting line 5 is designed as a nozzle at the outlet, i.e., if the cross-section of the connecting line 5 narrows before the outlet. This increases the speed at which the swirling water flows from the connecting line 5 into the suction pipe 3. This can increase the effective range of the resulting rotating water cone in the suction pipe.

Figur 2 zeigt eine mögliche Ausführungsform eines Drallgebers 7 mit einer fixen Anordnung der Drall gebenden Elemente. Dabei zeigt die Figur eine Ansicht entlang der Achse der Verbindungsleitung 5, wobei die Schraffierung lediglich die Darstellung verdeutlichen soll. D.h. es handelt sich bei den schraffierten Bereichen nicht um Schnittflächen. Der in der Verbindungsleitung 5 angeordnete Drallgeber 7 umfasst vier Drall gebende Elemente, von den eines mit 7.1 bezeichnet ist. Die Drall gebenden Elemente 7.1 umfassen eine Außenseite, mit welcher dieselben an der Wand der Verbindungsleitung 5 befestigt sind. Zur weiteren Stabilisierung können die Drall gebenden Elemente innen aneinander oder an einer Nabe befestigt sein. In Figur 2 sind die Drall gebenden Elemente 7.1 an einer kleinen Nabe befestigt, welche mit 7.2 bezeichnet ist. Damit die Drall gebenden Elemente 7.1 ihren Zweck erfüllen können müssen dieselben vor allem außen eine entsprechende Neigung aufweisen. Zusätzlich können dieselben auch eine Krümmung aufweisen. Die Anzahl der Drall gebenden Elemente 7.1 ist dabei beliebig. Im Prinzip genügt ein schraubenartig gebogenes Blech, welches außen an der Innenwand der Verbindungsleitung befestigt ist (d.h. ähnlich einer Archimedischen Schraube). In den Ausführungsformen mit unbeweglichen Drall gebenden Elementen 7.1 kann die Reichweite des erzeugten rotierenden Wasserkonus im Saugrohr 3 durch die Wassermenge eingestellt werden, welche durch das Verbindungsrohr 5 fließt, d.h. mit Hilfe des Ventils 6. Figure 2 shows a possible embodiment of a swirl generator 7 with a fixed arrangement of the swirl-generating elements. The figure shows a view along the axis of the connecting line 5, whereby the hatching is merely intended to clarify the illustration. This means that the hatched areas are not sectional areas. The swirl generator 7 arranged in the connecting line 5 comprises four swirl-generating elements, one of which is designated 7.1. The swirl-generating elements 7.1 comprise an outer side, with which they are fastened to the wall of the connecting line 5. For further stabilization, the swirl-generating elements can be fastened internally to one another or to a hub. Figure 2 The swirl-generating elements 7.1 are attached to a small hub, which is designated 7.2. In order for the swirl-generating elements 7.1 to fulfil their purpose, they must have a corresponding inclination, especially on the outside. In addition, they can also have a curvature. The number of swirl-generating elements 7.1 is arbitrary. In principle, a screw-like bent sheet metal, which is attached to the outside of the inner wall of the connecting line (i.e. similar to an Archimedes screw), is sufficient. In the embodiments with immobile swirl-generating elements 7.1, the range of the generated rotating Water cone in the suction pipe 3 can be adjusted by the amount of water flowing through the connecting pipe 5, ie with the help of the valve 6.

Figur 3 zeigt eine Ausführungsform eines Drallgebers 7 mit beweglichen Drall gebenden Elementen 7.1. Die Drall gebenden Elementen 7.1 umfassen Achsen, welche drehbar gelagert durch die Wand der Verbindungsleitung 5 geführt sind. In den Ausführungsformen mit beweglichen Elementen 7.1 sollte die Anzahl derselben wenigstens zwei betragen. Der dem die Verbindungsleitung 5 durchströmenden Wasser aufgeprägte Drall kann durch eine Drehung der Elemente 7.1 um die Achsen derselben eingestellt werden. Figure 3 shows an embodiment of a swirl generator 7 with movable swirl-generating elements 7.1. The swirl-generating elements 7.1 comprise axes that are rotatably mounted and guided through the wall of the connecting line 5. In the embodiments with movable elements 7.1, the number of these should be at least two. The swirl imparted to the water flowing through the connecting line 5 can be adjusted by rotating the elements 7.1 about their axes.

BezugszeichenlisteList of reference symbols

11
Laufradbalance bike
22
SpiralgehäuseSpiral casing
33
Saugrohrintake manifold
44
Druckrohrleitungpressure pipeline
55
Verbindungsleitungconnecting line
66
Ventilvalve
77
DrallgeberSwirl generator
7.17.1
Drall gebendes ElementSwirl-giving element
7.27.2
Nabehub
88
Verschlussorganclosure organ

Claims (8)

  1. Pump comprising a high-pressure-side water path, a low-pressure-side water path and an impeller (1), wherein the high-pressure-side water path comprises a volute casing (2) and a discharge pipe (4), and wherein the discharge pipe (4) is connected to the volute casing (2), and wherein the low-pressure-side water path comprises a suction pipe (3), and wherein the pump comprises a closure member (8), which can prevent the flow of water through the pump and which is arranged in the high-pressure-side water path, and a connecting line (5), which connects the high-pressure-side water path to the low-pressure-side water path and is designed in such a way that water can pass through the connecting line (5) from the pressure pipe (4) into the suction pipe (3) without the water passing through the impeller (1), and wherein the connecting line (5) branches off from the high-pressure-side water path in the pump flow direction downstream of the closing element (8), and wherein the pump comprises a valve (6), which is arranged in the connecting line (5), wherein the pump comprises a swirl generator (7) which is arranged in the connecting line (5) and is designed in such a way that water which passes the swirl generator (7) in the connecting line (5) can be provided with a swirl as it passes through it.
  2. Pump according to claim 1, wherein the connecting line (5) opens into the suction pipe (3) in such a way that a rotating water cone can form in the suction pipe, which cone extends in the suction pipe (3) between an opening of the connecting line (5) and the impeller (1) when water flows through the connecting line (5) into the suction pipe (3).
  3. Pump according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the connecting line (5) is designed as a nozzle at an opening into the suction pipe (3).
  4. Pump according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connecting pipe (5) branches off from the pressure pipe (4)
  5. Pump according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the connecting line (5) branches off from the volute casing (2).
  6. Pump according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connecting pipe (5) comprises a wall, and wherein the swirl generator (7) comprises at least one swirl-generating element (7.1), and wherein each swirl-generating element (7.1) comprises an outer side with which the same is fixed to the wall of the connecting pipe (5).
  7. Pump according to claim 6, wherein the swirl-generating elements (7.1) are fastened internally to each other or to a hub (7.2).
  8. Pump according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the connecting line (5) comprises a wall, and wherein the swirl generator (7) comprises at least two swirl-generating elements (7.1), and wherein the swirl-generating elements (7.1) comprise axles which are rotatably mounted and guided through the wall of the connecting line (5).
EP22821554.7A 2022-01-25 2022-12-08 Pump for a hydroelectric power station Active EP4469675B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022101640.4A DE102022101640B3 (en) 2022-01-25 2022-01-25 Pump for a hydroelectric power station
PCT/EP2022/084941 WO2023143795A1 (en) 2022-01-25 2022-12-08 Pump for a hydroelectric power station

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4469675A1 EP4469675A1 (en) 2024-12-04
EP4469675B1 true EP4469675B1 (en) 2025-05-28

Family

ID=84462763

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22821554.7A Active EP4469675B1 (en) 2022-01-25 2022-12-08 Pump for a hydroelectric power station

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4469675B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102022101640B3 (en)
WO (1) WO2023143795A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH400043A (en) * 1963-01-18 1965-09-30 Escher Wyss Ag Method and device for limiting the speed of the launch turbine of a pump turbine or storage pump
JPS57181974A (en) 1981-04-30 1982-11-09 Toshiba Corp Idle running device of water turbine or pump-turbine
JPS6388278A (en) * 1986-10-02 1988-04-19 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Water column separation suppressing method
FR2923553A1 (en) * 2007-11-14 2009-05-15 Alstom Power Hydraulique Sa HYDRAULIC ENERGY CONVERSION INSTALLATION AND METHOD OF CONTROLLING SUCH INSTALLATION
AT508900B1 (en) * 2010-01-19 2011-05-15 Univ Wien Tech DEVICE AND METHOD FOR REMOVING WOVEN PARTS
DE102010050001A1 (en) 2010-11-02 2012-05-03 Voith Patent Gmbh Pump in Francis design for a hydroelectric power station

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4469675A1 (en) 2024-12-04
DE102022101640B3 (en) 2023-01-19
WO2023143795A1 (en) 2023-08-03

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