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EP3712501B1 - Procédé et dispositif de régénération d'une électrode pour une mesure d'ionisation dans une zone de flamme d'un brûleur - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de régénération d'une électrode pour une mesure d'ionisation dans une zone de flamme d'un brûleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3712501B1
EP3712501B1 EP20158669.0A EP20158669A EP3712501B1 EP 3712501 B1 EP3712501 B1 EP 3712501B1 EP 20158669 A EP20158669 A EP 20158669A EP 3712501 B1 EP3712501 B1 EP 3712501B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alternating current
frequency
burner
current source
predeterminable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20158669.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3712501A1 (fr
Inventor
Heinz-Jörg Tomczak
Sabrina Resch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vaillant GmbH
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Vaillant GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to PL20158669T priority Critical patent/PL3712501T3/pl
Publication of EP3712501A1 publication Critical patent/EP3712501A1/fr
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Publication of EP3712501B1 publication Critical patent/EP3712501B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
    • F23N5/123—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/18—Applying test signals, e.g. periodic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2229/00—Flame sensors
    • F23N2229/12—Flame sensors with flame rectification current detecting means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for regenerating an electrode for measuring the ionization in a flame area of a burner, in particular a burner operated with a fuel gas and air. Such measurements can be used to control and regulate many devices, in particular for hot water preparation or heating, and must then deliver values that are as reliable as possible over long periods of time.
  • the basic structure of burners with measuring systems for ionization measurement and their use to control a burner are for example from the EP 0 770 824 B1 and the EP 2 466 204 B1 known. This is particularly about regulating the ratio of air to fuel gas, the so-called lambda value.
  • ionization electrodes used for measurement are subject to high thermal and / or corrosive loads.
  • special metallic alloys are usually used, which also contain a proportion of aluminum. This forms when used during the operation of the Burner over time an aluminum oxide layer on the surface of the electrode, which protects against corrosion, but is electrically and thermally insulating. This in turn has the consequence that a measurement signal supplied by the electrode is weakened and possibly even completely suppressed in the cold state.
  • the thermal insulation provided by the aluminum oxide layer also prevents the electrode from heating up quickly.
  • the measurement signal is particularly severely impaired in a cold start phase on the one hand because of the only slowly rising temperature and on the other hand because of the electrical insulation.
  • One mechanical approach would be to make at least a portion of the ionization electrode made of a material, e.g. B. a nickel-tungsten alloy, which does not form an oxide layer under the conditions in the flame area.
  • a material e.g. B. a nickel-tungsten alloy
  • the object of the present invention is to at least partially solve the problems explained with reference to the prior art and, in particular, to create a method and a device which, in the case of an ionization electrode of any design, in particular also in the case of a conventional ionization electrode with aluminum content, regeneration and thus enable reliable measurement over long periods of time and especially during cold start phases of a burner.
  • the method could be carried out after each cold start, but it can be useful to carry out a regeneration only when certain predefinable criteria are reached. Since the application of the invention requires the presence of plasma in the area of the ionization electrode, the second alternating voltage with the second frequency should only be applied when the burner is running stably with its usual regulation of the lambda value after a cold start. Such cold starts are not very easy to carry out in terms of control technology, because a good signal is not always available from the ionization electrode, but they have already been controlled and / or regulated in a stable manner through the use of empirical values or similar measures. Suitable criteria for regeneration can e.g. B.
  • the second frequency of the second alternating voltage is preferably in the range from 10 to 100 MHz [MegaHertz], in particular in the range from 13.5 to 50 MHz.
  • the second alternating voltage is preferably in a range from 100 to 300 V [volts], particularly preferably between 100 and 200 V.
  • the first frequency of the first alternating voltage corresponds to the values suitable for such ionization measurements and is preferably in the range from 50 to 1000 Hz [Hertz], the voltage being between 100 and 300 V [volts]. In particular, an alternating voltage of 170 V and 107 Hz has proven to be suitable.
  • a switching device which determines from sensor data or other data whether the burner is in a (predefined) cold or (predefined) warm state, and which, when started in a determined warm state, only uses the ionization electrode applied to the first alternating current of the first frequency.
  • the application of the second alternating voltage and the second frequency to the ionization electrode during the ionization measurement can be suppressed despite the presence of the predeterminable criteria. This avoids unnecessary effort during a warm start and regeneration is made up at a suitable point in time.
  • An electronic module preferably evaluates the electrical current flowing through the ionization electrode and uses this measurement signal in a known manner to regulate the burner, specifically to regulate the air-to-fuel ratio (lambda value), in the case of a cold start a regulation and / or control is initially carried out until stable combustion is reached, is then replaced by a control for the predefinable time interval ⁇ t and after the predefinable time interval ⁇ t the first alternating current is regulated again at the first frequency.
  • a “control” is understood here in particular to mean that the lambda value is specified or set without the actual lambda value being taken into account.
  • a “regulation” is understood here in particular to mean that the lambda value is set, with this setting measuring the current ACTUAL lambda value using the ionization current and adjusting it to the specified target lambda value.
  • the predeterminable time interval ⁇ t is preferably in the range from 10 to 100 s [seconds], preferably from 20 to 30 s.
  • the second alternating voltage and second frequency are selected to be so high during the predeterminable time interval ⁇ t that the plasma generated by the combustion is additionally heated in the vicinity of the ionization electrode.
  • this leads to a reduction in the thickness of an oxide layer on the ionization electrode due to the impact of fast ions and, on the other hand, promotes the oxide layer cracking open or flaking off due to thermal effects, so that aging of the ionization electrode is at least partially reversed.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by a device, in particular for carrying out the method described above.
  • a device for this purpose, there is an ionization electrode which can be arranged in a burner in such a way that it can measure an ionization current in a flame area when the burner is in operation.
  • a switching device switches on the second alternating current source for a specifiable time interval ( ⁇ t) according to specifiable criteria.
  • An electronics module is used to regulate the burner and is set up for regulation by means of an ionization current determined during operation of the second alternating current source, with the second alternating current source (6) being switched on for the predeterminable time interval during operation of the second alternating current source if the predeterminable criteria are present this regulation is switched off, and is replaced by a control according to specifiable criteria.
  • the burner can be controlled for a short time according to empirical values, in which the ionization electrode is heated up and regenerated, while the usual regulation with the first alternating current for measuring the ionization is then resumed.
  • the second alternating current source is preferably set up for a frequency between 10 and 100 MHz, in particular for 13.5 to 50 MHz. Such a frequency range has proven to be suitable for rapid heating of the ionization electrode.
  • the first alternating current source is set up for a frequency between 50 and 1000 Hz and a voltage between 100 and 300 V.
  • the first alternating current source does not have to differ from previously known alternating voltage sources for ionization measurements, but can also be designed differently through the additional use of the second current source.
  • the second alternating current source should preferably be set up for a second frequency and a second alternating voltage which are so high that during their operation the plasma in the vicinity of the ionization electrode is heated to an excess temperature. It is precisely because of this that the use of the second alternating current source can develop its best effect.
  • the switching device is preferably connected to sensors, e.g. temperature sensors and / or data sources of the electronics module, which enable a distinction between the cold and warm state of the burner, so that the second alternating current source cannot be switched on or blocked when it is warm.
  • sensors e.g. temperature sensors and / or data sources of the electronics module
  • the electronic module saves the time since the burner was last switched off. This information alone can be used to determine whether a cold start is present or not. Measured values of the temperature of the burner or the ionization electrode are of course more precise.
  • the switching device and / or the second alternating current source are preferably designed in such a way that the second alternating current source can only be switched on for a predeterminable time interval ⁇ t of 10 to 100 s, preferably 20 to 30 s.
  • the first alternating current source and the second alternating current source can be formed by a single alternating voltage source which can be changed or switched in frequency and voltage, which does not change anything in the other functions described.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates that a flame area 2 is formed in a burner 1 during operation, in which an ionization current is to be measured.
  • an ionization electrode 3 protrudes into the flame area 2.
  • a metallic component in the area of the entry of fuel gas and air into the burner 1 typically serves as the counter electrode 4.
  • the counter electrode 4 is typically electronically connected to ground.
  • ionization electrode 3 and counter electrode 4 are connected to a second alternating current source 5, which supplies an alternating current of high frequency, which leads to rapid heating of plasma in the vicinity of ionization electrode 3 and thus also ionization electrode 3 itself.
  • a switching device 7 switches from the second alternating current source 5 back to a first alternating current source 6, the properties of which can correspond to known alternating current sources for ionization measurements.
  • Their measurement signal can be fed via a measurement signal line 13 to an electronics module 10, which carries out a conventional control of the burner 1 with the measurement signal, which is now reliable.
  • Such a regulation typically takes place in that commands are given to actuators in an air inlet 11 and / or fuel gas inlet 12 via an actuating signal line, so that an optimal mixture of air and fuel gas is always supplied.
  • the switching device 7 is connected to at least one sensor 8 for determining the burner temperature and / or via a data line 9 to other data sources of the electronic module 10 in order to be able to decide whether a cold start is present or not.
  • This data line 9 can also be used in the event of a cold start in order to provide the electronics module 10 with the information that a cold start has been initiated and that the combustion process should therefore not be regulated by means of ionization current, but rather briefly. Even while the Regeneration by means of the second alternating current is controlled according to empirical values.
  • the present invention avoids malfunctions during cold starts of a burner due to measurement errors in the ionization current and enables regeneration of the ionization electrode through accelerated heating during a cold start at predefinable time intervals and / or according to predefinable criteria to ensure further interference-free control.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Procédé de régénération d'une électrode d'ionisation (3) pour une mesure de l'ionisation dans une zone de flamme (2) d'un brûleur (1) avec une première tension alternative d'une première fréquence, dans lequel, après un démarrage du brûleur (1), en présence de critères prédéfinissables, l'électrode d'ionisation (3) est soumise pour un intervalle de temps prédéfinissable (Δt) à une seconde tension alternative d'une seconde fréquence qui est supérieure à la première fréquence utilisée pour un fonctionnement continu.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la seconde fréquence se trouve dans la plage allant de 10 à 100 MHz.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel la première fréquence se trouve dans la plage allant de 50 à 1 000 Hz.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel est présent un dispositif de commutation (7) qui détermine, à partir de données de capteur ou d'autres données, si le brûleur (1) se trouve dans un état froid ou chaud et, en cas de démarrage dans un état chaud constaté, ne soumet pas l'électrode d'ionisation (3) au second courant alternatif de la seconde fréquence malgré la présence des critères prédéfinissables.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel un module électronique (10) évalue le courant électrique circulant à travers l'électrode d'ionisation (3) et l'utilise pour la régulation du brûleur (1), à savoir pour la régulation du rapport air/combustible (valeur lambda), et dans lequel, en cas de démarrage dans l'état froid et en présence des critères prédéfinissables, la régulation est remplacée par une commande pour l'intervalle de temps prédéfinissable (Δt) et, après l'intervalle de temps prédéfinissable (Δt), une régulation a de nouveau lieu au moyen du premier courant alternatif de la première fréquence.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'intervalle de temps prédéfinissable (Δt) se trouve dans la plage allant de 10 à 100 s.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la seconde tension alternative et la seconde fréquence pendant l'intervalle de temps prédéfinissable (Δt) sont choisies élevées de telle sorte qu'un chauffage de plasma a lieu à une surtempérature à proximité de l'électrode d'ionisation (3).
  8. Dispositif comprenant une électrode d'ionisation (3) qui peut être disposée dans un brûleur (1) de façon à pouvoir mesurer un courant d'ionisation dans une zone de flamme (2) lors du fonctionnement du brûleur (1), une première source de courant alternatif (5) pour un premier courant alternatif d'une première fréquence utilisée pour un fonctionnement continu, une seconde source de courant alternatif (6) pour un second courant alternatif d'une seconde fréquence plus élevée et un dispositif de commutation (7) qui, lors du fonctionnement selon des critères prédéfinissables, met en marche la seconde source de courant alternatif (6) pour un intervalle de temps prédéfinissable (Δt), et dans lequel est présent un module électronique (10) pour la régulation du brûleur (1), lequel est conçu pour une régulation au moyen d'un courant d'ionisation déterminé lors du fonctionnement de la première source de courant alternatif (6) et pour que, en présence des critères prédéfinissables, la seconde source de courant alternatif (6) soit mise en marche pour l'intervalle de temps prédéfinissable (Δt), cette régulation soit arrêtée pendant le fonctionnement de la seconde source de courant alternatif (5) et soit remplacée par une commande selon des critères prédéfinissables.
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, dans lequel la seconde source de courant alternatif (5) est conçue pour une fréquence comprise entre 10 et 100 MHz.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 8 ou 9, dans lequel la première source de courant alternatif (6) est conçue pour une fréquence comprise entre 50 et 1 000 Hz et une tension comprise entre 100 et 300 V.
  11. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 10, dans lequel le dispositif de commutation (7) est relié à des capteurs (8) et/ou des sources de données du module électronique (10) qui permettent d'effectuer une distinction entre l'état froid et chaud du brûleur (1), de sorte que la seconde source de courant alternatif (5) ne peut pas être mise en marche dans l'état chaud.
  12. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 11, dans lequel la première (5) et la seconde (6) sources de courant alternatif sont formées par une seule source de tension alternative (5, 6) commutable ou modifiable en fréquence et en tension.
  13. Produit de programme informatique comprenant des instructions amenant le dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 12 à exécuter le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7.
EP20158669.0A 2019-03-22 2020-02-21 Procédé et dispositif de régénération d'une électrode pour une mesure d'ionisation dans une zone de flamme d'un brûleur Active EP3712501B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL20158669T PL3712501T3 (pl) 2019-03-22 2020-02-21 Sposób i urządzenie do regeneracji elektrody do pomiaru jonizacji w obszarze płomienia palnika

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019107367.7A DE102019107367A1 (de) 2019-03-22 2019-03-22 Verfahren zum Prüfen des Vorhandenseins einer Rückschlagklappe in einer Heizungsanlage

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EP3712501A1 EP3712501A1 (fr) 2020-09-23
EP3712501B1 true EP3712501B1 (fr) 2021-08-25

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EP (1) EP3712501B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN111720851B (fr)
DE (1) DE102019107367A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2898392T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL3712501T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112051787A (zh) * 2020-09-29 2020-12-08 广东万和新电气股份有限公司 一种识别燃烧工况的电路及燃气具
DE102020127558B4 (de) 2020-10-20 2023-06-29 Viessmann Climate Solutions Se Heizungsanlage und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Heizungsanlage

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FR2524614A1 (fr) * 1982-04-02 1983-10-07 Radiotechnique Compelec Procede utilisant l'effet redresseur d'une flamme pour surveiller la marche d'un bruleur, et dispositif pour mettre en oeuvre ce procede
AT403955B (de) * 1995-10-16 1998-07-27 Vaillant Gmbh Heizgerät mit einem brenner
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EP2466204B1 (fr) * 2010-12-16 2013-11-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de réglage pour une installation de brûleur
DE102012023451A1 (de) * 2012-11-30 2014-06-05 Sebastian Stein Feuerungsanlage zum Verbrennen von Festbrenstoffen, insbesondere von Holz sowie Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Verbrennungsintensität der Flamme
DE102012023450B4 (de) * 2012-11-30 2018-12-20 Sebastian Stein Verfahren zur Regelung der Verbrennung von Feststoffen in einer Feuerungsanlage
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DE102017118095A1 (de) * 2017-08-09 2019-02-14 Vaillant Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Zündung und Flammenerkennung für einen brenngasbetriebenen Brenner
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Publication number Publication date
EP3712501A1 (fr) 2020-09-23
ES2898392T3 (es) 2022-03-07
DE102019107367A1 (de) 2020-09-24
CN111720851B (zh) 2024-09-06
PL3712501T3 (pl) 2022-01-17
CN111720851A (zh) 2020-09-29

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