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EP2778291B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une plaque de fondation éliminant les effets des séismes pour au moins un bâtiment - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une plaque de fondation éliminant les effets des séismes pour au moins un bâtiment Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2778291B1
EP2778291B1 EP13159022.6A EP13159022A EP2778291B1 EP 2778291 B1 EP2778291 B1 EP 2778291B1 EP 13159022 A EP13159022 A EP 13159022A EP 2778291 B1 EP2778291 B1 EP 2778291B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
foundation
reinforcement
foundation slab
foundation plate
earthquake
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP13159022.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2778291A1 (fr
Inventor
Hamid Dr. Sadegh Azar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hochtief Solutions AG
Original Assignee
Hochtief Solutions AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hochtief Solutions AG filed Critical Hochtief Solutions AG
Priority to EP13159022.6A priority Critical patent/EP2778291B1/fr
Publication of EP2778291A1 publication Critical patent/EP2778291A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2778291B1 publication Critical patent/EP2778291B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/34—Foundations for sinking or earthquake territories

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a seismically passive foundation plate with at least one structure arranged on the foundation plate. Furthermore, the invention relates to a seismically passive foundation plate with at least one arranged on the foundation plate structure.
  • foundation plates as well as foundation plates are from the practice, eg from the EP 1 413 681 A2 , basically known. It has proven useful to assign a foundation plate to a building, so that the establishment of a complex of different buildings has a plurality of individual foundation slabs, each building is assigned a respective foundation plate.
  • the known from practice foundation plates tear in the event of an earthquake slightly apart (cracking in the concrete), since the concrete used to form the foundation plates can absorb any tensile forces.
  • the foundation plates of the individual buildings are separated by joints or press joints. In the event of an earthquake, earthquake waves hit the individual foundation plates, causing them and the buildings on the individual foundation plates to vibrate. As a result, each building is stimulated differently and vibrates independently of neighboring buildings.
  • the invention is therefore the technical problem of providing a method for producing a seismic passive foundation plate, which is simple and reliable executable and can be produced with the earthquake resistant foundation plates and structures. Furthermore, the invention is the technical problem of specifying a seismic passive foundation plate, which reduces the effects of earthquakes. Above all, seismic passive means that the foundation slab or structure is less likely to vibrate and no further, especially active, measures are required.
  • the invention teaches a method for producing a seismic passive foundation plate with at least one arranged on the foundation plate structure, wherein the foundation plate is provided with such a designed reinforcing reinforcement, which reinforcing reinforcement is preferably arranged and dimensioned so that through the foundation plate Traction power is absorbed, which tensile force is at least as large as acting on the foundation plate by an earthquake force normal force N A , and wherein the at least one building created on the foundation plate and connected to the foundation plate.
  • the invention teaches a method of making a seismic passive foundation plate having at least one structure disposed on the foundation plate, the foundation plate being provided with a reinforcement reinforcement arranged and dimensioned such that By an earthquake in the foundation plate embossed forced normal forces N A can be taken with a defined safety distance and wherein the at least one building created on the foundation plate and connected to the foundation plate.
  • the seismic passive foundation plate is preferably free of storage facilities with which storage facilities ground dislocations and / or vibrations of a structure arranged on the foundation plate are braked or eliminated.
  • the invention is based on the finding that earthquake waves incoherently impinge on a foundation plate. This means that different floor areas, which floor areas each abut principally on a foundation plate underside, are located in different phases of the seismic wave according to the phase difference caused by the respective different timing at which the seismic wave meets the floor area. Depending on the distance of individual floor areas from one another and accordingly on the time difference with which the seismic wave strikes these floor areas, the phase difference of two floor areas can be so great that an opposite direction of vibration results between them.
  • dg is the design floor displacement and the distance Lg is the length of the route measured from the ground surface or foundation plate, from which the earthquake vibration is considered to be uncorrelated.
  • the distance Lg is 200 to 700 m and mainly 300 to 600 m.
  • the design floor displacement can be 3 mm to 10 cm and, for example, 5 mm to 5 cm.
  • the reinforcement reinforcement is designed so that it can absorb the relative displacement d ri or the resulting force normal force.
  • the reinforcing reinforcement be arranged in the foundation plate with the proviso that the tensile force generated by the earthquake and oriented parallel or essentially parallel to the earth's surface is absorbed by the foundation plate.
  • the tensile force which is preferably exclusively horizontal, absorbs the tensile force generated by the earthquake. Due to the reinforcing reinforcement, the resistance of the foundation plate to tensile forces or tensile stresses is increased such that the foundation plate withstands earthquake-induced tensile stresses without damage.
  • the tensile forces of the earthquake acting on the foundation plate are advantageously absorbed by the reinforcing reinforcement, whereby a tearing apart of a concrete mass forming the foundation plate is prevented.
  • the reinforcing reinforcement is oriented horizontally or approximately parallel to a foundation underside or foundation surface.
  • the reinforcement reinforcement is oriented in both horizontal main directions of the foundation plate.
  • at least two and preferably a plurality of layers of the reinforcing reinforcement are arranged on the foundation underside and the foundation surface in the foundation plate.
  • the reinforcing reinforcement is preferably made of reinforcing steel, in particular reinforcing steel bars and / or welded mesh.
  • fiber-reinforced or textile-reinforced concrete and / or high-performance reinforced high-strength concrete can be used for producing or reinforcing the foundation plate.
  • the reinforcing steel and / or the reinforcing steel mats have the highest possible elongation at break.
  • the reinforcing steel and / or the reinforcing steel mat has an elongation at break of, for example, up to 50 ⁇ . If necessary, the reinforcing steel and / or the reinforcing steel mat has an elongation at break of up to 25 ⁇ . It is possible that the reinforcing steel and / or the reinforcing steel mat has an elongation at break of 20 to 50 ⁇ .
  • the yield strength of the reinforcing steel f yk is greater than 400 N / mm 2 , preferably at least 500 N / mm 2 . It is recommended that the reinforcing bars have a diameter of 6 mm to 40 mm, and preferably from 12 mm to 32 mm. Conveniently, the reinforcing reinforcement is arranged parallel to the vibration plane of the earthquake or the horizontal seismic waves.
  • the coupling elements connect the existing reinforcements, which are preferably present on the upper and lower sides of the individual foundation plates as orthogonal reinforcing nets, with each other in a force-fit manner.
  • the coupling elements must be designed so that they are able to absorb the force normal forces determined according to the formulas described above. Furthermore, it is a prerequisite of this method that the reinforcement present in the individual foundation plates is able to absorb the normal forces determined according to the formulas described above.
  • the coupling elements can be designed so that they take over this function of the joint bridging.
  • the invention for solving the technical problem teaches a method for producing a seismic passive foundation plate with at least one structure arranged on the foundation plate, wherein the structure is erected on the foundation plate, wherein the foundation plate is provided with a stiffening reinforcement such that with the stiffening reinforcement Thrust V A and / or a moment M A is / are receivable, which thrust V A and / or which moment M A is initiated by the excited by an earthquake, vibrating structure in the foundation plate / are.
  • an earth-side or ground-surface-side end face of the foundation plate has a reinforcing profiling by which the thrust force V A and / or the moment M A is preferably added in addition to the stiffening reinforcement, which thrust force V A or which Moment M A is introduced through the vibrating, arranged on the foundation plate structure in the foundation plate.
  • the stiffening reinforcement ensures that shear forces and / or moments introduced transversely to the building-side surface of the foundation plate into the foundation plate are absorbed and in this way tensile stresses acting on the foundation plate are absorbed.
  • the thrust force V A and / or the moment M A which thrust force V A and / or which moment M A , act in each point of the foundation, advantageously result from a dynamic analysis of the soil-structure interaction. It is recommended that as part of the dynamic analysis of the soil-structure interaction a modeling of the structure on the existing soil stratification is made.
  • the building or the structures or the various rising structures of the respective structure with their masses, stiffness and damping is modeled on the foundation plate. Every single structure of a structure has a frequency with which it vibrates horizontally. Typically, these horizontal frequencies are between 0.5 to 10 Hz.
  • the soil (ground) below the foun- dation board is modeled in the context of the invention with its mass, stiffness and damping. The entire system of soil layers, the foundation plate and the structure is stimulated by earthquakes. Due to the vibration of the masses of the individual structures and the resulting inertial forces, the moments M A and shear forces V A are determined in each point of the foundation plate.
  • the incorporation of the reinforcing reinforcement and / or stiffening reinforcement in the foundation plate is characterized by a high resistance to the initiated moments and shear forces, so that a tearing apart of the foundation plate in the event of an earthquake is avoided.
  • the total earthquake excitation further reduced, for example, by an increased radiation damping of the large and massive Fundamtplatte in the ground.
  • the mutual oscillations or tilting vibrations of the structures are reduced.
  • the reinforcement is expediently arranged in the foundation in such a way that the foundation plate can receive the moments M A and / or the thrust forces V A in the respective cross-section of the foundation plate.
  • the reinforcing reinforcement and / or reinforcing reinforcement is arranged horizontally and / or parallel to the foundation surface or foundation underside.
  • the reinforcing reinforcement and / or stiffening reinforcement is also oriented in both main horizontal directions. This is preferably carried out with two or more superimposed reinforcement layers, which are preferably arranged near the foundation top or foundation underside.
  • a thickness of the foundation plate at each location of the foundation plate is selected such that the torque which can be absorbed by the reinforcement reinforcement and / or reinforcing reinforcement is greater than the moment M A.
  • the thickness of the foundation plate is chosen at each location so that the absorbable thrust and / or shear force is greater than the shear forces V A.
  • the thickness of the foundation plate means an extension of the foundation plate transversely to the earth's surface. It is recommended that the characteristic cylinder compressive strength f ck of the concrete is as high as possible, preferably greater than 20 N / mm 2 .
  • inclined reinforcing rods (diagonal bars) and / or mats and / or steel bracket can be installed in the foundation plate.
  • inclined shear force reinforcement preferably a slope which is 45 ° or about 45 °. This results in a profiling of the foundation plate.
  • a resulting thickness of the foundation plate should preferably not be more than 10 m and not less than 1 m.
  • reinforcing steel and / or welded mesh are preferably used as stiffening reinforcement.
  • a fiber-reinforced and / or textile-reinforced concrete and / or a high-performance reinforced micro-reinforced concrete is used for the training or local reinforcement of the foundation plate.
  • the stiffening reinforcement or the reinforcing steel and / or the welded mesh has the highest possible elongation at break.
  • the elongation at break of the reinforcing steel and / or the welded mesh is 50 ⁇ or approximately 50 ⁇ .
  • an elongation at break of at least 25 ⁇ or even less than 25 ⁇ is sufficient.
  • the yield strength of the reinforcing steel f yk should be greater than 400N / mm2, preferably it should be 500 N / mm2 or approximately 500 N / mm2.
  • the diameter of the reinforcing steel or reinforcing steel bars may be, for example, 6 mm to 40 mm, and preferably 12 to 32 mm.
  • the building is anchored to the foundation plate.
  • the building is, for example, a power plant or an industrial plant. In principle, it is possible that the building is formed from a plurality or plurality of buildings. According to one embodiment, the building is designed as a building.
  • the foundation plate is preferably placed directly on the ground. According to a preferred embodiment, no further bearing elements are provided between the foundation plate and the ground or the earth's surface. It is recommended that the foundation plate rests on the ground or surface without being stored.
  • the structure is connected directly and / or bearing-free to the foundation plate. Due to the bearing-free arrangement of the structure on the foundation plate and the bearing-free support of the foundation plate on the ground, the foundation plate is formed as a passive foundation plate.
  • the foundation plate designed according to the invention can be combined with other foundation measures known from the prior art.
  • the foundation plate is integrally formed. It is within the scope of the invention that the foundation plate as a joint-free, one-piece Foundation plate is formed. This means that the structure or the majority of the structures are arranged on one or the same foundation plate.
  • the invention relates to solving the technical problem, a seismic passive foundation plate with at least one arranged on the foundation plate structure, wherein the foundation plate is made in particular according to a method of claims 1 to 11,
  • the foundation plate is provided with a reinforcing reinforcement, wherein the reinforcing reinforcement is formed with the proviso that a tensile force can be absorbed by the foundation plate, which tensile force is at least as large as the tensile force N A acting on the foundation plate by an earthquake and or wherein the foundation plate is provided with a stiffening reinforcement, wherein the reinforcing reinforcement is formed with the proviso that with the stiffening reinforcement a thrust force V A and / or a moment M A of standing on the foundation plate, for example, earthquake-induced vibration building is receivable / are or recorded will be.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the foundation plate according to the invention is excited by an earthquake low or practically not excited.
  • the reinforcing reinforcement and / or stiffening reinforcement preclude a tearing apart of the foundation plate in an earthquake.
  • the earthquake can not make the foundation plate with the peak acceleration stimulate.
  • Large dimensions means, for example, that the foundation plate has a length of at least 100 m and / or a width of at least 100 m.
  • earthquake accelerations compensate each other or overlap such that the foundation plate in the case of an earthquake undergoes no or only an insignificant change in position. As a result, can be minimized with the foundation plate according to the invention, in particular tilting vibrations of tall, slender structures.
  • a foundational depth of the foundation plate according to the invention essentially corresponds to the foundation depth of the known from practice Einzelfundamentplatten, each of which only a building or only a building is assigned.
  • the foundation plate can be placed on piles or stake groups or the foundation plate may represent the pile head plate of such a pile group.
  • the foundation plate according to the invention may also consist of existing Einzelelfundamentplatten which are positively connected to each other by coupling elements.
  • Fig. 1 shows a foundation plate 1, on the three structures 2, 3, 4 are arranged.
  • the foundation plate 1 has a reinforcing reinforcement 5, which reinforcing reinforcement 5 is oriented parallel to the earth's surface 6.
  • the earth's surface 6 vibrates in the horizontal direction, which is indicated by the arrow P in Fig. 2 is indicated. Due to the fact that the earthquake waves strike the earth's surface 6 at points A, B at different points in time from an exciter center (not shown), the earth's surface 6 has a different deflection at the point A than at the point B.
  • the foundation plate 1 with the structures 2, 3, 4 arranged thereon Fig. 3 essentially corresponds to the foundation plate 1 with the structures 2, 3, 4 arranged thereon according to FIGS Fig. 1 and 2 , However, the foundation plate 1 according to Fig. 3 one of the reinforcement or reinforcing reinforcement 5 of the foundation plate 1 according to the Fig. 1 and 2 various reinforcements or stiffening reinforcements 7 on.
  • a lateral force V A1 and a moment M A1 which is caused by tilting vibrations of the structures 2 and 3.
  • a thrust force V A2 and a moment M A2 is shown at the point D, which is caused by the tilting vibrations of the structures 3 and 4.
  • the in the 3 and 4 shown stiffening reinforcement 7 is designed with the proviso that the moments M A1 and M A2 and the thrust forces V A1 and V A2 received by the reinforcing reinforcement 7 and so damage the foundation plate 1 according to the 3 and 4 be excluded.
  • the foundation plate 1 on the ground floor or on its surface facing away from the structures has a profiling 8, through which the foundation plate 1 in conjunction with the reinforcing reinforcement 5 and the stiffening reinforcement 7 undergoes additional reinforcement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Procédé pour la fabrication d'une plaque de fondation (1) sismiquement passive avec au moins une construction (2, 3, 4) disposée sur la plaque de fondation (1), dans lequel la plaque de fondation (1) est dotée d'une armature de renforcement (5) réalisée de telle sorte qu'une force de traction puisse être réceptionnée par la plaque de fondation (1) - laquelle force de traction est au moins aussi grande que la force de traction (NA, NA2) s'exerçant sur la plaque de fondation (1) du fait d'un tremblement de terre - en ce que l'armature de renforcement (5) est réalisée en béton armé, dans lequel la limite d'élasticité du béton armé fyk est supérieure à 400 N/mm2 et l'armature de renforcement (5) étant orientée parallèlement ou à peu près parallèlement à la surface de la terre (6), dans lequel l'au moins une construction (2, 3, 4) est établie sur la plaque de fondation (1) et est reliée à la plaque de fondation (1), dans lequel plusieurs, ou une pluralité de constructions (2, 3, 4) sont disposées sur la plaque de fondation (1).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'armature de renforcement (5) est disposée dans la plaque de fondation (1) avec pour condition que la force de traction produite par le tremblement de terre et orientée parallèlement ou sensiblement parallèlement à la surface de la terre (6) soit réceptionnée, ou puisse être réceptionnée par la plaque de fondation (1).
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, dans lequel, grâce à l'armature de renforcement (5), la force de traction, de préférence exclusivement horizontale, générée par le tremblement de terre est réceptionnée.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel l'armature de renforcement est disposée dans les deux directions principales, en particulier orthogonales l'une par rapport à l'autre, de la plaque de fondation.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel plusieurs plaques de fondation individuelles sont reliées à l'aide d'éléments d'accouplement pour donner la plaque de fondation sismiquement passive.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel la plaque de fondation (1) est dotée d'une armature de raidissement (7), dans lequel, grâce à l'armature de raidissement (7), une force de poussée VA et/ou un moment MA peut être réceptionné(e)/peuvent être réceptionnés, laquelle force de poussée VA et/ou lequel moment MA est introduit(e) / sont introduits dans la plaque de fondation (1) par la construction (2, 3, 4) qui vibre sous l'effet d'un tremblement de terre.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel la plaque de fondation, ou le dessous de celle-ci, est réalisée de manière profilée.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel la construction (2, 3, 4) est ancrée sur la plaque de fondation (1).
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, dans lequel la plaque de fondation (1) est posée de préférence directement sur la terre (6).
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, dans lequel la plaque de fondation (1) est montée de manière supplémentaire sur des pieux.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel la plaque de fondation (1) est réalisée d'un seul tenant.
  12. Plaque de fondation sismiquement passive avec au moins une construction (2, 3, 4) disposée sur la plaque de fondation (1), dans laquelle la plaque de fondation (1) est fabriquée en particulier selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, dans laquelle la plaque de fondation (1) est dotée d'une armature de renforcement (5), dans laquelle l'armature de renforcement (5) est réalisée avec pour condition qu'une force de traction puisse être réceptionnée par la plaque de fondation (1) - laquelle force de traction est au moins aussi grande que la force de traction (NA, NA2) s'exerçant sur la plaque de fondation du fait d'un tremblement de terre - en ce que l'armature de renforcement (5) est réalisée en béton armé, dans laquelle la limite d'élasticité du béton armé fyk est supérieure à 400 N/mm2, l'armature de renforcement (5) étant orientée parallèlement ou à peu près parallèlement à la surface de la terre (6) et dans laquelle plusieurs ou une pluralité de constructions (2, 3, 4) sont disposées sur la plaque de fondation (1).
  13. Plaque de fondation sismiquement passive selon la revendication 12, dans laquelle la plaque de fondation (1) se compose de plusieurs plaques de fondation individuelles qui sont reliées les unes aux autres via des éléments d'accouplement.
  14. Plaque de fondation sismiquement passive selon la revendication 12 ou 13, dans laquelle la plaque de fondation (1) est dotée d'une armature de raidissement (7), dans laquelle l'armature de raidissement (7) est réalisée avec pour condition qu'avec l'armature de raidissement (7), une force de poussée (VA1, VA2) et/ou un moment (MA1, MA2) de la construction (2, 3, 4) se trouvant sur la plaque de fondation (1), laquelle construction vibre sous l'effet d'un tremblement de terre, puisse être réceptionné(e) / puissent être réceptionnés.
EP13159022.6A 2013-03-13 2013-03-13 Procédé de fabrication d'une plaque de fondation éliminant les effets des séismes pour au moins un bâtiment Not-in-force EP2778291B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13159022.6A EP2778291B1 (fr) 2013-03-13 2013-03-13 Procédé de fabrication d'une plaque de fondation éliminant les effets des séismes pour au moins un bâtiment

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13159022.6A EP2778291B1 (fr) 2013-03-13 2013-03-13 Procédé de fabrication d'une plaque de fondation éliminant les effets des séismes pour au moins un bâtiment

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP2778291A1 EP2778291A1 (fr) 2014-09-17
EP2778291B1 true EP2778291B1 (fr) 2015-12-30

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EP13159022.6A Not-in-force EP2778291B1 (fr) 2013-03-13 2013-03-13 Procédé de fabrication d'une plaque de fondation éliminant les effets des séismes pour au moins un bâtiment

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Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10249546A1 (de) * 2002-10-23 2004-05-06 Bögl, Max Bauwerk mit einer Pufferschicht und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bauwerks
US20070151173A1 (en) * 2005-12-30 2007-07-05 Boake Paugh Method of constructing structures with seismically-isolated base

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