EP2538786A2 - Herbizide zusammensetzung enthaltend die hydrate von saflufenacil und glyphosate oder glufosinate - Google Patents
Herbizide zusammensetzung enthaltend die hydrate von saflufenacil und glyphosate oder glufosinateInfo
- Publication number
- EP2538786A2 EP2538786A2 EP11704457A EP11704457A EP2538786A2 EP 2538786 A2 EP2538786 A2 EP 2538786A2 EP 11704457 A EP11704457 A EP 11704457A EP 11704457 A EP11704457 A EP 11704457A EP 2538786 A2 EP2538786 A2 EP 2538786A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- methyl
- component
- chloro
- plants
- herbicide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- GNHDVXLWBQYPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N saflufenacil Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)N(C)C(C)C)=CC(N2C(N(C)C(=CC2=O)C(F)(F)F)=O)=C1F GNHDVXLWBQYPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 99
- -1 cyano, thiocyanato Chemical group 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000005562 Glyphosate Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229940097068 glyphosate Drugs 0.000 claims description 22
- IAJOBQBIJHVGMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-4-[hydroxy(methyl)phosphoryl]butanoic acid Chemical compound CP(O)(=O)CCC(N)C(O)=O IAJOBQBIJHVGMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000009261 transgenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000005561 Glufosinate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- NUPJIGQFXCQJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-isopropyl-4-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-5-(methoxymethyl)nicotinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(COC)=CN=C1C1=NC(C)(C(C)C)C(=O)N1 NUPJIGQFXCQJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- KRQUFUKTQHISJB-YYADALCUSA-N 2-[(E)-N-[2-(4-chlorophenoxy)propoxy]-C-propylcarbonimidoyl]-3-hydroxy-5-(thian-3-yl)cyclohex-2-en-1-one Chemical compound CCC\C(=N/OCC(C)OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)C1=C(O)CC(CC1=O)C1CCCSC1 KRQUFUKTQHISJB-YYADALCUSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- OORLZFUTLGXMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfentrazone Chemical compound O=C1N(C(F)F)C(C)=NN1C1=CC(NS(C)(=O)=O)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OORLZFUTLGXMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005566 Imazamox Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- KKLBEFSLWYDQFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N halauxifen Chemical compound COC1=C(Cl)C=CC(C=2N=C(C(Cl)=C(N)C=2)C(O)=O)=C1F KKLBEFSLWYDQFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005504 Dicamba Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005571 Isoxaflutole Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- IWEDIXLBFLAXBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicamba Chemical compound COC1=C(Cl)C=CC(Cl)=C1C(O)=O IWEDIXLBFLAXBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IANUJLZYFUDJIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N flufenacet Chemical compound C=1C=C(F)C=CC=1N(C(C)C)C(=O)COC1=NN=C(C(F)(F)F)S1 IANUJLZYFUDJIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OYIKARCXOQLFHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoxaflutole Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC(C(F)(F)F)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=C(C2CC2)ON=C1 OYIKARCXOQLFHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940088649 isoxaflutole Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005531 Flufenacet Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005616 Rimsulfuron Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- MEFOUWRMVYJCQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N rimsulfuron Chemical compound CCS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC1=NC(OC)=CC(OC)=N1 MEFOUWRMVYJCQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- AIAYSXFWIUNXRC-PHIMTYICSA-N (1r,5s)-3-[hydroxy-[2-(2-methoxyethoxymethyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl]methylidene]bicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2,4-dione Chemical compound COCCOCC1=NC(C(F)(F)F)=CC=C1C(O)=C1C(=O)[C@@H](C2)CC[C@@H]2C1=O AIAYSXFWIUNXRC-PHIMTYICSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MAYMYMXYWIVVOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoylsulfamoyl]-4-(methanesulfonamidomethyl)benzoic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=C(CNS(C)(=O)=O)C=2)C(O)=O)=N1 MAYMYMXYWIVVOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IRJQWZWMQCVOLA-ZBKNUEDVSA-N 2-[(z)-n-[(3,5-difluorophenyl)carbamoylamino]-c-methylcarbonimidoyl]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound N=1C=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=1C(/C)=N\NC(=O)NC1=CC(F)=CC(F)=C1 IRJQWZWMQCVOLA-ZBKNUEDVSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CABMTIJINOIHOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-methyl-5-oxo-4-(propan-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl]quinoline-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(C(C)C)(C)N=C1C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2C=C1C(O)=O CABMTIJINOIHOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YHKBGVDUSSWOAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-3-{2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluorophenyl}propanoic acid Chemical compound O=C1N(C(F)F)C(C)=NN1C1=CC(CC(Cl)C(O)=O)=C(Cl)C=C1F YHKBGVDUSSWOAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PVSGXWMWNRGTKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-2-[4-methyl-5-oxo-4-(propan-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(C(C)C)(C)N=C1C1=NC=C(C)C=C1C(O)=O PVSGXWMWNRGTKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003666 Amidosulfuron Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CTTHWASMBLQOFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Amidosulfuron Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)N(C)S(C)(=O)=O)=N1 CTTHWASMBLQOFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KHBQMWCZKVMBLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KHBQMWCZKVMBLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005497 Clethodim Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002483 Cu Ka Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- UWVKRNOCDUPIDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethoxysulfuron Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC=C1OS(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC1=NC(OC)=CC(OC)=N1 UWVKRNOCDUPIDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005560 Foramsulfuron Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005981 Imazaquin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XVOKUMIPKHGGTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Imazethapyr Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(CC)=CN=C1C1=NC(C)(C(C)C)C(=O)N1 XVOKUMIPKHGGTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005577 Mesosulfuron Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005580 Metazachlor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005586 Nicosulfuron Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005591 Pendimethalin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005596 Picolinafen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005599 Profoxydim Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005601 Propoxycarbazone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005620 Tembotrione Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005622 Thiencarbazone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004457 alkyl amino carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004644 alkyl sulfinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- ORFPWVRKFLOQHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N amicarbazone Chemical compound CC(C)C1=NN(C(=O)NC(C)(C)C)C(=O)N1N ORFPWVRKFLOQHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- RIUXZHMCCFLRBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorimuron Chemical compound COC1=CC(Cl)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(O)=O)=N1 RIUXZHMCCFLRBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SILSDTWXNBZOGF-JWGBMQLESA-N clethodim Chemical compound CCSC(C)CC1CC(O)=C(C(CC)=NOC\C=C\Cl)C(=O)C1 SILSDTWXNBZOGF-JWGBMQLESA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- JLYFCTQDENRSOL-VIFPVBQESA-N dimethenamid-P Chemical compound COC[C@H](C)N(C(=O)CCl)C=1C(C)=CSC=1C JLYFCTQDENRSOL-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PQKBPHSEKWERTG-LLVKDONJSA-N ethyl (2r)-2-[4-[(6-chloro-1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)oxy]phenoxy]propanoate Chemical group C1=CC(O[C@H](C)C(=O)OCC)=CC=C1OC1=NC2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2O1 PQKBPHSEKWERTG-LLVKDONJSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GINFBXXYGUODAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N flucarbazone Chemical compound O=C1N(C)C(OC)=NN1C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1OC(F)(F)F GINFBXXYGUODAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PXDNXJSDGQBLKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N foramsulfuron Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=C(NC=O)C=2)C(=O)N(C)C)=N1 PXDNXJSDGQBLKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KDHKOPYYWOHESS-UHFFFAOYSA-N halauxifen-methyl Chemical compound NC1=C(Cl)C(C(=O)OC)=NC(C=2C(=C(OC)C(Cl)=CC=2)F)=C1 KDHKOPYYWOHESS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YFONKFDEZLYQDH-BOURZNODSA-N indaziflam Chemical compound CC(F)C1=NC(N)=NC(N[C@H]2C3=CC(C)=CC=C3C[C@@H]2C)=N1 YFONKFDEZLYQDH-BOURZNODSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- STEPQTYSZVCJPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N metazachlor Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1N(C(=O)CCl)CN1N=CC=C1 STEPQTYSZVCJPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JTHMVYBOQLDDIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-[(4-methyl-5-oxo-3-propoxy-1,2,4-triazole-1-carbonyl)sulfamoyl]benzoate Chemical compound O=C1N(C)C(OCCC)=NN1C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC JTHMVYBOQLDDIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VWGAYSCWLXQJBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 4-iodo-2-[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)carbamoylsulfamoyl]benzoate Chemical group COC(=O)C1=CC=C(I)C=C1S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC1=NC(C)=NC(OC)=N1 VWGAYSCWLXQJBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RTCOGUMHFFWOJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicosulfuron Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CN=2)C(=O)N(C)C)=N1 RTCOGUMHFFWOJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CHIFOSRWCNZCFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pendimethalin Chemical compound CCC(CC)NC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C)C(C)=C1[N+]([O-])=O CHIFOSRWCNZCFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CWKFPEBMTGKLKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N picolinafen Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1NC(=O)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=C(C=CC=2)C(F)(F)F)=N1 CWKFPEBMTGKLKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- IUQAXCIUEPFPSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tembotrione Chemical compound ClC1=C(COCC(F)(F)F)C(S(=O)(=O)C)=CC=C1C(=O)C1C(=O)CCCC1=O IUQAXCIUEPFPSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GLDAZAQRGCSFNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiencarbazone Chemical compound O=C1N(C)C(OC)=NN1C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=C(C)SC=C1C(O)=O GLDAZAQRGCSFNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LOQQVLXUKHKNIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thifensulfuron Chemical compound COC1=NC(C)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C(SC=C2)C(O)=O)=N1 LOQQVLXUKHKNIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IYMLUHWAJFXAQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N topramezone Chemical compound CC1=C(C(=O)C2=C(N(C)N=C2)O)C=CC(S(C)(=O)=O)=C1C1=NOCC1 IYMLUHWAJFXAQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CASLETQIYIQFTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[[5-(difluoromethoxy)-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-4-yl]methylsulfonyl]-5,5-dimethyl-4h-1,2-oxazole Chemical compound CN1N=C(C(F)(F)F)C(CS(=O)(=O)C=2CC(C)(C)ON=2)=C1OC(F)F CASLETQIYIQFTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005578 Mesotrione Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- KPUREKXXPHOJQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesotrione Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC(S(=O)(=O)C)=CC=C1C(=O)C1C(=O)CCCC1=O KPUREKXXPHOJQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BQZXUHDXIARLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tribenuron Chemical compound COC1=NC(C)=NC(N(C)C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(O)=O)=N1 BQZXUHDXIARLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000219310 Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000005509 Dimethenamid-P Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000021536 Sugar beet Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001316 cycloalkyl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004317 1,3,5-triazin-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=NC(*)=NC([H])=N1 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 46
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 38
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- LPVPNRSVMLNXGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(azepan-1-yl)-2,2-dichloroethanone Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(=O)N1CCCCCC1 LPVPNRSVMLNXGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DVOODWOZJVJKQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-tert-butyl-3-(2,4-dichloro-5-prop-2-ynoxyphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-one Chemical group O=C1OC(C(C)(C)C)=NN1C1=CC(OCC#C)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl DVOODWOZJVJKQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- HSMVPDGQOIQYSR-KGENOOAVSA-N triflumizole Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(/COCCC)=N/C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1C(F)(F)F HSMVPDGQOIQYSR-KGENOOAVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluralin Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AKTQJCBOGPBERP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflusulfuron Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COC1=NC(N(C)C)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2C)C(O)=O)=N1 AKTQJCBOGPBERP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMEVJVISCHQJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflusulfuron-methyl Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C)=C1S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC1=NC(OCC(F)(F)F)=NC(N(C)C)=N1 IMEVJVISCHQJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RROQIUMZODEXOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triforine Chemical compound O=CNC(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)N1CCN(C(NC=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)CC1 RROQIUMZODEXOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DFFWZNDCNBOKDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N trinexapac Chemical compound O=C1CC(C(=O)O)CC(=O)C1=C(O)C1CC1 DFFWZNDCNBOKDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVEQCVKVIFQSGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritosulfuron Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=NC(OC)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(F)(F)F)=N1 KVEQCVKVIFQSGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JARYYMUOCXVXNK-CSLFJTBJSA-N validamycin A Chemical compound N([C@H]1C[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O)[C@H]1O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)CO)[C@H]1C=C(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JARYYMUOCXVXNK-CSLFJTBJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LESVOLZBIFDZGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N vamidothion Chemical compound CNC(=O)C(C)SCCSP(=O)(OC)OC LESVOLZBIFDZGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012873 virucide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009369 viticulture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- WCJYTPVNMWIZCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N xylylcarb Chemical compound CNC(=O)OC1=CC=C(C)C(C)=C1 WCJYTPVNMWIZCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DUBNHZYBDBBJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L ziram Chemical compound [Zn+2].CN(C)C([S-])=S.CN(C)C([S-])=S DUBNHZYBDBBJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FJBGIXKIXPUXBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N {2-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)propyl]-2,4,4-trimethyl-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl}(imidazol-1-yl)methanone Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N1C(C)(C)COC1(C)CCCC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 FJBGIXKIXPUXBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/54—1,3-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
- A01N57/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- A01N57/20—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds containing acyclic or cycloaliphatic radicals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a herbicide combination comprising
- Glufosinate A2 and its agrochemically acceptable salts
- a herbicide B) containing a hydrate of the compound 2-chloro-5- [3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4 (trifluoromethyl) -1- (2H) -pyrimidinyl] -4-fluoro-N - [[methyl- (1-methylethyl) amino] sulfonyl] benzamide.
- WO 2008/043836 discloses that the hydrates of the phenyluracil of the formula (I) do not have the stability problems of the amorphous form and that the hydrates also have better herbicidal properties
- the hydrates of the phenyluracil of the formula (I) are crystalline substances which are crystallized in a more compact form than those from WO
- 01/083459 known amorphous forms of phenyluracil of the formula (I).
- the hydrates of the phenyluracil of the formula (I) are crystalline substances which, depending on the formation of the crystals, have about 0.8 to 1.2 mol of water,
- compositions having herbicidal activity in addition to glyphosate and glufosinate or their salts contain at least two other herbicidal active ingredients, wherein it is one of the active ingredients is pyroxasulfone.
- WO 2009/141367 also discloses the use of the phenyluracil of the formula (I) (saflufenacil) as the third combination active ingredient (see the saflufenacil Examples 260 to 321, in particular Example 273).
- Phenyluracil including safululacetic acid, in combination with glyphosate, the phenyluracil component intended to improve the rainfastness of the glyphosate component.
- the object of the present invention is to provide further herbicidal compositions containing one or more hydrates of the phenyluracil of the formula (I) and thereby having advantages over the compositions known from the prior art.
- the object is achieved by containing a herbicide combination
- Glufosinate (A2) and its agrochemically acceptable salts and b) a herbicide (B) containing a hydrate of the compound 2-chloro-5- [3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4 (trifluoromethyl) -1- (2H) -pyrimidinyl] -4-fluoro-N - [[methyl- (1-methylethyl) amino] sulfonyl] benzamide.
- Glyphosate (common name of the compound with the IUPAC name N- (phosphonomethyl) glycine) is a non-selective herbicide described in US 3,799,758 and US 4,405,531. Glyphosate is under the trade names
- Glyphosate is also provided as a salt with various cations.
- Herbicidal salts of glyphosate used are e.g. Glyphosate-diammonium
- Glyphosate which is used as component (A1) in the present invention is preferably used in the form of diammonium (A1a), isopropylammonium (A1b), monoammonium (A1c) or trimesium salt (Alf).
- Glufosinate (common name of the compound with the IUPAC name
- Glufosinates and its salts such as glufosinate-ammonium [CAS RN 77 182-82-2], and its herbicidal action have been described by F. Schwerdtle et al. Z. convincedr. Plant Protection, 1981, Special Issue IX, pp. 431 -440.
- glufosinate is used as component (A2)
- particularly interesting glufosinate salts are glufosinate-ammoniunn (A2a), glufosinate-sodium (A2b), L-glufosinate-ammoniunn (A2c), and L-glufosinate-sodium ( A2d).
- glufosinate-ammonium (A2a).
- Glufosinates and its salts are known under trade names such as e.g.
- Component (B) in the state before mixing component (B) with the further components and components of the herbicide combination, that the hydrates of the compound 2-chloro-5- [3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2, 6-dioxo-4- (trifluoromethyl) -1- (2H) -pyrimidinyl] -4-fluoro-N - [[methyl- (1-methylethyl) amino] sulfonyl] benzamide 0.8 to 1.2 moles of water to 1 mole of 2-chloro-5- [3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4- (trifluoromethyl) -1 - (2H) -pyrimidinyl] -4-fluoro-N - [[methyl - (1-methylethyl) amino] sulfonyl] benzamide.
- the abovementioned hydrates of component (B) have a melting point in the range from 100 to 140.degree.
- component (B) in the state before the mixing of component (B) with the other components and constituents of the herbicide combination has a content of 2-chloro-5- [3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2 , 6-dioxo-4- (trifluoromethyl) -1- (2H) -pyrimidinyl] -4-fluoro-N - [[methyl- (1-methylethyl) amino] sulfonyl] benzamide of at least 94% by weight, based on comprising the total amount of the organic constituents contained in the hydrate.
- the component (B), in the state before mixing the component (B) with the other components and components of the herbicide combination in one
- component (B) is in this particular crystal form, it is referred to as component (Ba) (as distinct from other possible crystal forms of component (B)).
- component (Ba) in the state prior to mixing component (Ba) with the further components and ingredients of the herbicide combination, additionally exhibits at least three of the following in an X-ray powder diffraction pattern Values indicated reflections: 5.1 ⁇ 0.2 °, 10.1 ⁇ 0.2 °, 10.8 ⁇ 0.2 °, 13.9 ⁇ 0.2 °, 15.1 ⁇ 0.2 ° , 16.1 ⁇ 0.2 °, 17.9 ⁇ 0.2 °, 20.2 ⁇ 0.2 °, 24.5 ⁇ 0.2 °.
- component (B) in the state before the mixing of component (B) with the other components and constituents of the herbicide combination, in an X-ray powder diffractogram at 25 ° C. and Cu-Ka shows Radiation at least one reflex at the 20 value 12.1 ⁇ 0.2 ° C.
- component (Bb) This particular crystal form of component (B) is referred to as component (Bb) (as distinct from other possible crystal forms of component (B)).
- component (Bb) in the state before the mixing of component (Bb) with the other components and constituents of the herbicide combination, in an X-ray powder diffractogram shows at least three of the following, as Values indicated reflections: 5.2 ⁇ 0.2 °, 10.2 ⁇ 0.2 °, 10.9 ⁇ 0.2 °, 14.0 ⁇ 0.2 °, 14.6 ⁇ 0.2 °, 15 , 3 ⁇ 0.2 °, 19.2 ⁇ 0.2 °, 19.9 ⁇ 0.2 °, 20.5 ⁇ 0.2 °, 24.7 ⁇ 0.2 °, 26.7 ⁇ 0, 2 °, 27.8 ⁇ 0.2 °.
- the weight ratio of components (A) to components (B) in the herbicide combination may each be in the range of 1600: 1 to 1:10.
- Component (B) in the range between 800: 1 to 1: 5.
- the herbicidal combination according to the invention contains as additional component (C) one or more components which are selected from the group of agrochemical active compounds of a different kind and customary additives and formulation auxiliaries in crop protection.
- agrochemicals include herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, acaricides, nematicides, miticides and related substances
- Components (A) and (B) also include compounds which are used as crop protection agents.
- herbicides (C) which differ structurally from the herbicides (A) and (B), ie are not indentisch with these, are preferably herbicidal active substances in question, which are based on an inhibition of, for example, acetolactate synthase, acetyl-coenzyme A-carboxylase, PS I, PS II, HPPDO, phytoene desaturase, protoporphyrinogen oxidase, glutamine synthetase,
- ammocyclopyrachlor aminopyralid; amitrol; Ammoniumpelargonate; AMS, i.
- ammonium sulfamate ancimidol
- asulam ancimidol
- atrazine aviglycine
- azafenidin ancimidol
- bicyclopyrone bifenox
- bispyribac (-sodium) KIH-2023
- borax bromacil
- bromobutide bromofenoxim; bromoxynil; bromuron; buminafos; busoxinone;
- butachlor butafenacil; butenachlor (KH-218); buthidazole; butraline; butroxydim;
- CDAA 2-chloro-N, N-di-2-propenylacetamide
- CDEC i.
- chloramben chlorazifop-butyl; chlorbromuron; chlorbufam; chlorfenac; chlorfenprop; chlorflurecol (-methyl); chlorflurenol (-methyl); chloridazon; chlorimuron (-ethyl); chlormequat (chlorides); chlornitrofen; chlorophthalim (MK-616); chlorotoluron;
- chloroxuron chlorpropham; chlorsulfuron; chlorthal-dimethyl; chlorthiamid;
- chlorotoluron cinidone (-methyl and -ethyl); cinmethylin; cinosulfuron; clefoxydim;
- clethodim clethodim
- clodinafop and its ester derivatives e.g., clodinafop-propargyl
- clofencet clomazone; clomeprop; cloprop; cloproxydim; clopyralid; clopyrasulfuron (- methyl); cloransulam (-nnethyl); cumyluron (JC 940); cyanamide; cyanazine; cycloate; Cyclosulfamuron (AC 104); cycloxydim; cycluron; cyhalofop and its
- Ester derivatives e.g., butyl ester, DEH-1 12); cyperquat; cyprazine; cyprazole; daimuron;
- Esters such as diclofop-methyl; diclofop-P (methyl); diclosulam; diethatyl (-ethyl);
- difenoxuron difenzoquat (-metilsulfate); diflufenican; diflufenzopyr (-sodium);
- dimefuron dimepiperate; dimethachlor; dimethametryn; dimethazone; dimethenamid
- SAN-582H dimethenamide-P; dimethylarsinic acid; dimethipin; dimetrasulfuron; dimexyflam; dinitramine; dinoseb; dinoterb; diphenamid; dipropetryn; diquat salts; dithiopyr; diuron; DNOC; eglinazine-ethyl; EL 77, i.
- epoprodan EPTC; esprocarb; ethalfluralin; ethametsulfuron-methyl; Ethidimuron; ethiozin; ethofumesate; ethoxyfen and its esters (e.g., ethyl ester, HN-252);
- fenchlorazole (-ethyl); fenclo m; fenoprop; fenoxan, fenoxaprop and fenoxaprop-P and their esters, e.g. fenoxaprop-P-ethyl and fenoxaprop-ethyl; fenoxydim;
- fluazifop-butyl and fluazifop-p-butyl fluazolate; flucarbazone (-sodium); flucetosulfuron; fluchloralin; flufenacet; flufenpyr (-ethyl); flumetralin; flumetsulam; flumeturon; flumiclorac (-pentyl); flumioxazine (S-482); flumipropyn; fluometuron; fluorochloridone; fluorodifen;
- fluoroglycofen (-ethyl); flupoxam (KNW-739); flupropacil (UBIC-4243); flupropanoate; flupyrsulfuron (-methyl) (- sodium); flurenol (-butyl); fluridone; flurochloridone;
- fluroxypyr (-meptyl); flurprimidol; flurtamone; fluthiacet (-methyl) (KIH-9201); fluthiamide; fluxofenim; fomesafen; foramsulfuron; forchlorfenuron; furyloxyfen;
- gibberillic acid halo safen; halosulfuron (-methyl); haloxyfop and its esters;
- inabenfide indanofan; indaziflam; iodosulfuron-methyl (-sodium); ioxynil;
- mesosulfuron (-methyl); mesot one; metam; metamifop; metamitron; metazachlor; methabenzthiazuron; metham; methazole; methoxyphenone; methylarsonic acid; methyl-cyclopropene; methyldymron; methylisothiocyanate; metschizthiazuron; metobenzuron; metobromuron; (Alpha-) metolachlor; metosulam (XRD 51 1);
- 310 i. 4- (2,4-dichlorobenzoyl) -1-methyl-5-benzyloxypyrazole; neburon; nicosulfuron; nipyraclofen; nitralin; nitrofen; nitrophenolate mixture; nitrofluorfen; nonanoic acid; norflurazon; orbencarb; orthosulfamuron; oxabetrinil; oryzalin; oxadiargyl
- Pentachlorophenol Pentanochlor
- pentoxazone pentoxazone
- perfluidone pethoxamid
- phenisopham phenmedipham; picloram; picolinafen; pinoxaden; piributicarb;
- pirifenop-butyl pretilachlor; primisulfuron (-methyl); probenazole; procarbazone-
- propoxycarbazone (-sodium) (MKH-6561); Propyzamide; prosulfalin; prosulfocarb; prosulfuron (CGA-152005); prynachlor; pyraclonil; pyraflufen (-ethyl) (ET-751);
- pyrasulfotole pyrazolynate; pyrazon; pyrazosulfuron (-ethyl); pyrazoxyfen; pyribambenz isopropyl (ZJ 0702); pyrimbenzopropyl (ZJ 0273); pyribenzoxim; pyributicarb; pyridafol; pyridate; pyriftalid; pyriminobac (-nethyl) (KIH-6127);
- pyrimisulfan (KIH-5996); pyrithiobac (-sodium) (KIH-2031); pyroxasulfones (KIH-485); pyroxofop and its esters (e.g., propargyl esters); pyroxsulam; quinclorac;
- quinmerac quinmerac; quinoclamine; quinofop and its ester derivatives, quizalofop and quizalofop-P and their ester derivatives e.g. quizalofop-ethyl; quizalofop-P-tefuryl and
- ICI-A0224 sulfosulfuron
- TCA sodium
- tebutam GCP-5544
- tebuthiuron
- tecnacene tefuryltrione; tembotrione; tepraloxydim; terbacil; terbucarb; terbuchlor; terbumeton; Terbuthylazine; terbutryn; TFH 450, i. N, N -diethyl-3 - [(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl) sulfonyl] -1 H-1, 2,4-triazole-1-carboxamide; thenylchlor (NSK-850);
- thiencarbazone (-methyl); thifensulfuron (-methyl); thiobencarb; Ti 35; tiocarbazil; topramezone; tralkoxydim; tri-allate; triasulfuron; triaziflam;
- triazofenamide t benuron (-methyl); triclopyr; tridiphane; trietazine; trifloxysulfuron (- sodium); trifluralin; triflusulfuron and esters (e.g., methyl ester, DPX-66037);
- KIH-485 pyrosysulfone
- KPP-300 KPP-300
- LS 82-556 NC-324
- NC-330 NC-330
- Nitrogen is a CR group
- R 11 is hydrogen, alkyl, halogen or haloalkyl
- R 7 is independently of one another hydrogen, halogen, cyano, thiocyanato or in each case optionally halogen-substituted alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkylamino, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl,
- Alkylaminocarbonyl each having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
- the respective name comprises several forms of the active ingredient
- the name of the commercially available form is preferably defined.
- Herbicides (A) and (B) distinguish amicarbazone, amidosulfuron; benzobicyclon; bicyclopyrone; bromoxynil; carfentrazone (-ethyl); chlorimuron (-ethyl); clefoxydim; clethodim; clomazone; clopyralid; cloransulam (-methyl); 2,4-D; desmedipham;
- dimethenamide-P dimethoxysulfuron; fenoxaprop-P; fenoxaprop-P-ethyl; flucarbazone (- sodium); flufenacet; fluroxypyr (-meptyl); foramsulfuron; imazamox; imazapic;
- imazapyr imazaquin; imazethapyr; indaziflam; iodosulfuron-methyl (-sodium); ioxynil; isoproturon; isoxaben; isoxaflutole; lactofen; mefenacet; mesosulfuron (-methyl); mesotrione; metazachlor; metolachlor; metribuzin; metsulfuron-methyl; nicosulfuron; oxadiargyl (RP-020630); oxyfluorfen; pendimethalin; phenmedipham; picolinafen; pinoxaden; profoxydim; propanil; propoxycarbazone (-sodium) (MKH-6561);
- prosulfocarb pyrazosulfuron (-ethyl); pyridate; pyroxsulam; rimsulfuron (DPX-E
- herbicides (C) structurally different from herbicides (A) and (B) are amicarbazone (C1), amidosulfuron (C2), bicyclopyrone (C3), carfentrazone (C4), chlorimuron (C5) , clefoxydim (C6), clethodim (C7), 2,4 D (C8), dicamba (C9), diflufenzopyr (C10), dimethenamid-P (DNTA-P) (C1 1), dimethenamid (C12), ethoxysulfuron (C13 ), fenoxaprop-P-ethyl (C14), flufenacet (C15), flucarbazone (C16), foramsulfuron (C17), imazamox (C18), imazapic (C19), imazaquin (C20), imazethapyr (C21), indaziflam (C22) .
- iodosulfuron-methyl (-sodium) C23
- isoxaflutole (IFT) C24
- mesotrione C25
- metazachlor C26
- mesosulfuron C27
- nicosulfuron C28
- pendimethalin C29
- picolinafen C30
- profoxydim C31
- propoxycarbazone C32
- pyroxasulfone C33
- sulfentrazone C35
- tembotrione C36
- thifensulfuron C37
- thiencarbazone C38
- topramezone C39
- tribenuron C40
- Each of the further active ingredients according to components (C) can then preferably be reacted with one of the two-membered combinations according to the formula (A) + (B) + (C * ) or also according to the scheme (A) + (B) + (C1) + (C2) etc.
- a two-combination are herbicide combinations of one or more herbicides (A), ie (A1) and / or (A2) with one or more herbicides (B), ie (Ba) and / or (Bb).
- the weight ratio of the component (A) and component (B) portion of the herbicide combination to the proportion of component (C) is in the range of 1600: 1: 1600 to 1:10: 0.05.
- the combinations can be both pre-emergence and
- Post-emergence procedures are applied. This applies both to pre-emergence and post-emergence with respect to the harmful plants, ie also in the selective control of harmful plants for the pre- or post-emergence of crops. There are also mixed forms in question, z. B. in postemergence of crops the
- Fenchlorazole (-ethyl), Fenclorim, Flurazole, Fluxofenim, Furilazole,
- Isoxadifen (-ethyl), mefenpyr (-diethyl), naphthalic anhydride, oxabetrinil,
- TI-35 1-dichloroacetyl-azepane
- dimepiperate dimepiperate
- daimurone cumyluron
- Each of the said safeners may be combined as further active compound (C), preferably with one of the said two-member combinations, which contains a compound (B) structurally different from the respective compound (C), according to the formula (A) + (B) + (C) become.
- the herbicide combinations of the invention may contain other components, for. B. other active substances against harmful organisms such as harmful plants, phytopathogenic animals or plant-damaging fungi, in particular while active ingredients from the group fungicides, insecticides, acaricides, nematicides, miticides and related substances.
- Fungicidally active compounds which can be used in combination with the herbicide combinations according to the invention are preferably commercially available active compounds, for example (analogously to the herbicides, the compounds are generally designated by their common names, here in the usual English notation):
- aldimorph aldimorph; amidoflumet; ampropylfos; ampropylfos-potassium; andoprim; anilazine; azaconazole; azoxystrobin; benalaxyl; benodanil; benomyl; benthiavalicarb isopropyl; benzamacril; benzamacril-isobutyl; binapacryl; biphenyl; bitertanol;
- cyprofuram Dagger G; debacarb; dichlofluanid; dichlone; dichlorophen; didocymet; diclomezine; dicloran; diethofencarb; Difenoconazole; diflumetorim; dimethirimol; dimethomorph; dimoxystrobin; diniconazole; Diniconazole-M; dinocap;
- diphenylamine dipyrithione; ditalimfos; dithianon; dodine; drazoxolon; edifenphos; epoxiconazole; ethaboxam; ethirimol; etridiazole; famoxadone; fenamidone;
- fenapanil fenarimol; fenbuconazole; fenfuram; fenhexamid; fenitropan; fenoxanil; fenpidonil; fenpropidin; fenpropimorph; ferbam; fluazinam; flubenzimine; fludioxonil; flumetover; flumorph; fluoromides; fluoxastrobin; fluquinconazole; flurprimidol;
- flusilazole flusulfamide; flutolanil; flutriafol; folpet; fosetyl-AI; fosetyl-sodium;
- fuberidazole furalaxyl; furametpyr; furcarbanil; furmecyclox; guazatine;
- iminoctadine triacetate iminoctadine triacetate
- iminoctadine tris albesilate
- iodocarb iminoctadine tris (albesilate)
- ipconazole iminoctadine triacetate
- polyoxins polyoxorim; probenazole; prochloraz; procymidone; propamocarb;
- propanosine-sodium propiconazole; propineb; proquinazid; prothioconazole;
- pyraclostrobin Pyrazohos; pyrifenox; pyrimethanil; pyroquilon; pyroxyfur; pyrrolnitrine; quinconazole; quinoxyfen; quintozene; silthiofam; simeconazole;
- Preferred fungicides are selected from the group consisting of benalaxyl, bitertanol, bromuconazole, captafol, carbendazim, carpropamid, cyazofamid, cyproconazole, diethofencarb, edifenphos, fenpropimorph, fentine, fluquinconazole, fosetyl, fluoroimide, folpet, iminoctadine, iprodionem, iprovalicarb, kasugamycin, maneb , nabam, pencycuron, prochloraz, propamocarb, propineb, pyrimethanil, sprioxamine, quintozene, tebuconazole, tolylfluanid, triadimefon, triadimenol, trifloxystrobin, zineb.
- Insecticides acaricides, nematicides, miticides and related agents are, for example (analogous to the herbicides and fungicides, the compounds are referred to where possible by their common names, here in the usual English spelling):
- iodofenphos iprobenfos, isazofos, isofenphos, isopropyl O-salicylates, isoxathione, malathion, mecarbam, methacrifos, methamidophos, methidathione, mevinphos, monocrotophos, naled, omethoate, oxydemeton-methyl, parathion (-methyl / -ethyl), phenthoate, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, phosphocarb, phoxime, pirimiphos (-methyl / -ethyl), profenofos, propaphos, propetamphos, prothiofos, prothoate, pyraclofos, pyridaphenthione, pyridathion, quinalphos, sebufos, sulfotep, s
- transfluthrin ZXI 8901, pyrethrin (pyrethrum), DDT, indoxaearb, acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, nithiazine, thiacloprid,
- thiamethoxam nicotine, bensultap, cartap, camphechlor, chlordane, endosulfan, gamma-HCH, HCH, heptachlor, lindane, methoxychlor spinosad, acetoprole, ethiprole, fipronil, vaniliprole, avermectin, emamectin, emannectin benzoate, ivermectin, milbennycin, diofenolan, epofenonane, fenoxycarb, hydroprene, kinoprene, methoprene, pyriproxifen, triprene, chromafenozide , halofenozide, methoxyfenozide, tebufenozide, bisturfluron, chlorofluazuron, diflubenzuron, fluazuron, flucycloxuron, flu
- acetamiprid acrinathrin, aldicarb, amitraz, acinphos-methyl, cyfluthrin, carbaryl, Cypermethrin, deltamethrin, endosulfan, ethoprophos, fenamiphos, fenthion, fipronil, imidacloprid, methamidophos, methiocarb, niclosamide, oxydemeton-methyl, prothiophos, silafluofen, thiacloprid, thiodicarb, tralomethrin, triazophos, trichlorfon, triflumuron, terbufos, fonofos, phorate, chlorpyriphos, carbofuran, tefluthrin.
- the active compound combinations according to the invention are suitable for controlling a broad spectrum of weeds in non-crop land, on paths, railway tracks, industrial areas ("industrial weed control") or in plantation crops such as temperate, subtropical and tropical climates or geographies.
- plantation crops are oil palm, nuts (eg almonds, hazelnuts, walnuts, macademia),
- Tangerine bananas, pineapple, cotton, sugarcane, tea, coffee, cocoa and the like. They are also suitable for use in fruit growing (eg pome fruit such as apple, pear, cherry, mango, kiwi) and viticulture.
- compositions may also be used for seed preparation ("burn-down”, “no-till” or “zero-tiH” or pre-emergence (direct seed)) or for chemical treatment ("chemical fallow”). be used.
- Uses of the drug combinations also extend to weed control in tree crops, eg. B. young Christmas tree or eucalyptus plants, each before the implantation or after transplanting (also with
- the agents can be used in selected crops of economically important crops such as cereals (wheat, barley, rye, oats, millet, corn and rice), sugar beet, sugarcane, rapeseed, cotton, soybean, potato, tomato, pea and other vegetables.
- cereals wheat, barley, rye, oats, millet, corn and rice
- sugar beet sugarcane
- rapeseed cotton, soybean, potato, tomato, pea and other vegetables.
- herbicidal agent have synergies in terms of Herbicidal action and selectivity and beneficial effect on the
- Mechanisms of action such as ALS, EPSP, ACCase et al. have developed single or multiple (cross) resistances). They also have excellent herbicidal activity against a broad spectrum economically important
- the drug combinations may be applied to the plants (e.g.
- Harmful plants such as mono- or dicotyledonous weeds or unwanted
- Crops e.g., grains, seeds or vegetative
- Propagating organs such as tubers or sprouts with buds
- the area on which the plants grow for example, the acreage
- the substances can be applied in pre-sowing (possibly also by incorporation into the soil), pre-emergence or postemergence process.
- pre-sowing possibly also by incorporation into the soil
- pre-emergence postemergence process.
- the application in the early after-seed pre-emergence method or in
- the application can also be in
- Called weed flora which can be controlled by the active compound combinations according to the invention, without that by naming a restriction to certain species is to take place.
- weeds e.g. Aegilops, Agropyron, Agrostis, Alopecurus, Apera, Avena, Brachicaria, Bromus, Cynodon, Dactyloctenium, Digitaria, Echinochloa, Eleocharis, Eleusine, Eragrostis, Eriochloa, Festuca,
- the spectrum of activity extends to species such as e.g. Abutilon, Amaranthus, Ambrosia, Anoda, Anthemis, Aphanes, Artemisia, Atriplex, Bellis, Bidens, Capsella, Carduus, Cassia, Centaurea, Chenopodium, Cirsium, Convolvulus, Datura, Desmodium, Emex, Erodium, Erysimum, Euphorbia,
- Galeopsis Galinsoga, Galium, Geranium, Hibiscus, Ipomoea, Kochia, Lamium, Lepidium, Lindernia, Matricaria, Mentha, Mercurialis, Mullugo, Myosotis, Papaver, Pharbitis, Plantago, Polygonum, Portulaca, Ranunculus, Raphanus, Rorippa, Rotala, Rumex, Salsola, Senecio, Sesbania, Sida, Sinapis, Solanum, Sonchus, Sphenoclea, Stellaria, Taraxacum, Thlaspi, Trifolium, Urtica, Veronica, Viola, Xanthium.
- the active compound combinations according to the invention are applied to the surface of the earth before germination, either the emergence of the weed seedlings is completely prevented or the weeds grow up to the cotyledon stage, but then cease their growth and finally die completely after three to four weeks.
- a stop of growth occurs after the treatment and the harmful plants remain in the stage of growth existing at the time of application or die completely after a certain time, so that in this way harmful to the crop weed competition very early and sustainably eliminated.
- the herbicidal compositions according to the invention are distinguished by a rapidly onset and long-lasting herbicidal action.
- the rainfastness of the active ingredients in the combinations according to the invention is generally favorable.
- a particular advantage is the fact that the effective and used in combinations combinations of compounds (A) and (B) can be set so low that their soil effect is optimally low. Thus, their
- Extrapolation method can be estimated.
- synergistic effects therefore allow, for example, a reduction in the application rates of the individual active ingredients, a higher potency at the same application rate, the control of hitherto unrecognized species of harmful plants
- the combinations according to the invention have excellent herbicidal activity against monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds, depending on the structure of the respective active compound combinations according to the invention and their application rate, many economically important crop plants are only insignificantly or not at all damaged.
- compositions according to the invention in some cases have excellent growth-regulatory properties in the crop plants.
- Plant cultures or to be developed, modified by conventional mutagenesis or genetically modified, tolerant crops are used.
- the transgenic plants are usually characterized by particular advantageous properties, in addition to the resistance to the
- inventive agents for example, by resistances
- Plant diseases or pathogens of plant diseases such as certain insects or microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria or viruses.
- Other special properties relate to z. B. the crop in terms of quantity, quality,
- transgenic plants with increased starch content or altered quality of the starch or those with other fatty acid composition of the crop are known.
- Other special properties may be in a tolerance or resistance to abiotic stressors z. As heat, cold, drought, salt and ultraviolet radiation.
- the active compound combinations according to the invention can be used as herbicides in crops which are resistant to the phytotoxic effects of the herbicides or have been made genetically resistant.
- Bacillus thuringiensis toxins Bacillus thuringiensis toxins (Bt toxins) to produce, which the
- transgenic crops characterized by a combination z.
- transgenic crops may be tolerant to both glufosinate, glyphosate and / or imidazolinone, as appropriate.
- Numerous molecular biology techniques that can be used to produce novel transgenic plants with altered properties are known in principle; see, for. BI Potrykus and G. Spangenberg (eds.) Gene Transfer to Plants, Springer Lab Manual (1995), Springer Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, or Christou, "Trends in Plant Science” 1 (1996) 423-431).
- nucleic acid molecules can be introduced into plasmids that allow mutagenesis or sequence alteration by recombination of DNA sequences.
- Standard methods can z. For example, base substitutions are made, partial sequences are removed, or natural or synthetic sequences are added.
- adapters or linkers can be attached to the fragments, see, for example, US Pat. Sambrook et al., 1989, Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, 2nd Edition Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY; or Winnacker "Genes and Clones", VCH Weinheim 2nd edition 1996.
- Gene product can be obtained, for example, by the expression of at least one corresponding antisense RNA, a sense RNA to obtain a
- DNA molecules may be used which comprise the entire coding sequence of a gene product, including any flanking sequences that may be present, as well as DNA molecules which comprise only parts of the coding sequence, which parts must be long enough to be present in the cells to cause an antisense effect. Also possible is the use of DNA sequences that encode a high degree of homology to those
- the synthesized protein may be located in any compartment of the plant cell. But to achieve the localization in a particular compartment, z.
- the coding region can be linked to DNA sequences that ensure localization in a particular compartment.
- sequences are known to those of skill in the art (see, for example, Braun et al., EMBO J. 11 (1992), 3219-3227; Wolter et al., Proc. Natl. Acad., U.S.A. 85 (1988), 846-850; Sonnewald et al., Plant J. 1 (1991), 95-106).
- the expression of the nucleic acid molecules can also take place in the organelles of the plant cells.
- the transgenic plant cells can be regenerated to whole plants by known techniques.
- the transgenic plants may in principle be plants of any plant species, i. both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. Thus, transgenic plants are available that changed
- the active compound combinations according to the invention can be used in transgenic cultures which are tolerant to the active ingredients used or have been tolerated.
- the active compound combinations according to the invention can also be used in transgenic cultures which are resistant to growth substances, such as. B.
- Dicamba and 2,4-D or against herbicides containing essential plant enzymes e.g. Acetyl-CoA carboxylases, acetolactate synthases (ALS), EPSP synthases,
- Glutamine synthases (GS) or hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenases (HPPD) inhibit, respectively against herbicides from the group of
- Phenoxyphenoxyacetic acids sulfonylureas, the glyphosate
- Glufosinate or benzoylisoxazole and analogues that are resistant are resistant.
- the active compound combinations according to the invention can be used in transgenic crop plants which are resistant to a combination of Glyphosates and glufosinates, glyphosates and sulfonylureas or
- Imidazolinonen are resistant. Very particularly preferably, the
- Optimum TM GAT TM Glyphosate ALS Tolerant
- Herbicide Tolerance Trait as well as a combination of this resistance with glyphosate resistance.
- the invention therefore also provides a method for controlling undesired plant growth, optionally in crops of useful plants, preferably in non-crop land or in plantation crops
- herbicides of the type (A) with one or more herbicides of the type (B) are applied to the harmful plants, plant parts or plant seeds (seeds) thereof or to the cultivated area.
- the invention also provides the use of the novel combinations of compounds (A) + (B) for controlling harmful plants, optionally in crops, preferably in non-crop land and plantation crops.
- the active compound combinations according to the invention can be used both as
- Active ingredients, additives and / or customary formulation auxiliaries are present, which are then diluted in a customary manner with water used, or as so-called tank mixes by common dilution of the separated formulated or partially separately formulated components are prepared with water.
- the compounds (A) and (B) or their combinations can be formulated in various ways, depending on which biological and / or chemical-physical parameters are given. As a general
- Formulation options are, for example: wettable powder (WP), water-soluble powders (SP), emulsifiable concentrates (EC), water-soluble
- SL aqueous solutions
- EW emulsions
- sprayable solutions or emulsions oil or water-based dispersions
- OD oil dispersions
- suspoemulsions suspoemulsions
- SC Suspension concentrates
- CS capsule suspensions
- DP dusts
- mordants granules for soil or litter application
- granules in the form of micro, spray, elevator and adsorption granules
- WG water-dispersible granules
- SG water-soluble granules
- ULV formulations microcapsules or waxes.
- the invention therefore also herbicidal and
- the necessary formulation auxiliaries such as inert materials, surfactants,
- Solvents and other additives are also known and are described in, for example, Watkins, Handbook of Insecticides Dust Diluents and Carriers, 2nd ed., Darland Books, Caldwell NJ; Hv Olphen, "Introduction to Clay Colloid Chemistry”; 2nd Ed., J. Wiley & Sons, NY Marsden, “Solvents Guide”, 2nd Ed., Interscience, NY 1963; McCutcheon's, “Detergents and Emulsifiers Annual", MC Publ. Corp., Ridegewood NJ; Sisley and Wood, “Encyclopedia of Surface Active Egents", Chem. Publ. Co.
- pesticide-active substances such as other herbicides, fungicides, insecticides or other pesticides (for example acaricides, nematicides, molluscicides, rodenticides, aphicides, avicides, larvicides, ovicides, bactericides, virucides, etc.), as well as safeners, fertilizers and / or growth regulators produce, eg in the form of a ready-made formulation or as a tank mix.
- other pesticide-active substances such as other herbicides, fungicides, insecticides or other pesticides (for example acaricides, nematicides, molluscicides, rodenticides, aphicides, avicides, larvicides, ovicides, bactericides, virucides, etc.)
- safeners for example acaricides, nematicides, molluscicides, rodenticides, aphicides, avic
- Injectable powders are preparations which are uniformly dispersible in water and contain surfactants of the ionic and / or nonionic type (wetting agents, dispersants) in addition to the active ingredient except a diluent or inert substance.
- surfactants of the ionic and / or nonionic type wetting agents, dispersants
- the herbicidal active ingredients are finely ground, for example, in conventional apparatus such as hammer mills, blower mills and air-jet mills and simultaneously or subsequently with the
- Formulation aids mixed.
- Emulsifiable concentrates are made by dissolving the active ingredient in one
- organic solvents for example butanol, cyclohexanone, dimethylformamide, xylene or else higher-boiling aromatics or hydrocarbons or mixtures of the organic solvents with the addition of one or more ionic and / or nonionic surfactants (emulsifiers).
- ionic and / or nonionic surfactants emulsifiers
- emulsifiers which can be used are: alkylarylsulfonic acid calcium salts such as calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate or nonionic emulsifiers such as Fatty acid polyglycol esters, alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, propylene oxide-ethylene oxide condensation products, alkyl polyethers, sorbitan esters such as sorbitan fatty acid esters or such.
- Suspension concentrates may be water or oil based. They can be prepared, for example, by wet grinding using commercially available bead mills and, if appropriate, addition of surfactants, as described, for example, in US Pat. upstairs with the others
- Emulsions e.g. Oil-in-water emulsions (EW) can be prepared, for example, by means of stirrers, colloid mills and / or static mixers using aqueous organic solvents and optionally surfactants, as described e.g. listed above for the other formulation types.
- EW Oil-in-water emulsions
- Granules can be prepared either by spraying the active ingredient on adsorptive, granulated inert material or by applying
- Active substance concentrates by means of adhesives, e.g. Polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid sodium or mineral oils, on the surface of carriers such as sand, kaolinites or granulated inert material. It is also possible to granulate suitable active ingredients in the manner customary for the production of fertilizer granules, if desired in admixture with fertilizers.
- adhesives e.g. Polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid sodium or mineral oils
- carriers such as sand, kaolinites or granulated inert material. It is also possible to granulate suitable active ingredients in the manner customary for the production of fertilizer granules, if desired in admixture with fertilizers.
- Water-dispersible granules are usually prepared by methods such as
- the agrochemical preparations usually contain from 0.1 to 99
- the active compound concentration is e.g. about 10 to 95 wt .-%, the balance to 100 wt .-% consists of conventional formulation ingredients.
- the active ingredient concentration may be about 1 to 90% by weight, preferably 5 to 80% by weight.
- Dusty formulations usually contain 5 to 20 wt .-% of active ingredient, sprayable solutions contain about 0.05 to 80, preferably 2 to 50
- the active ingredient content depends in part on whether the active compound is liquid or solid and which
- Granulierhilsstoff and fillers are used.
- the content of the water-dispersible granules is between 1 and 95% by weight
- the active substance formulations mentioned optionally contain the customary adhesion, wetting, dispersing, emulsifying, penetrating, preserving, antifreeze and solvent, fillers, colorants and carriers, defoamers,
- Evaporation inhibitors and agents that affect the pH or viscosity are Evaporation inhibitors and agents that affect the pH or viscosity.
- the formulations present in commercially available form are optionally diluted in the customary manner, for example in the case of wettable powders, emulsifiable concentrates, dispersions and water-dispersible granules by means of water. Dust-like preparations, soil or scattering granules, as well as sprayable solutions are usually no longer diluted with other inert substances before use.
- the active substances can be applied to the plants, plant parts, plant seeds or the acreage (field soil), preferably to the green plants and plant parts and optionally additionally to the field soil.
- One possibility of application is the joint application of the active ingredients in the form of tank mixes, with the optimally formulated concentrated
- Formulations of the individual active ingredients are mixed together in the tank with water and the resulting spray mixture is discharged.
- a common herbicidal formulation of the combination of active ingredients (A) and (B) according to the invention has the advantage of easier applicability because the amounts of the components are already set in the correct ratio to each other.
- the adjuvants in the formulation can be optimally matched to each other, while a tank mix of different formulations can give undesirable combinations of adjuvants.
- a readily dispersible, water-wettable powder is obtained by adding 25 parts by weight of an active substance / active substance mixture, 64 parts by weight of kaolin ambiencen
- a dispersion concentrate which is readily dispersible in water is obtained by mixing 20 parts by weight of an active substance / active substance mixture with 6 parts by weight of alkylphenol polyglycol ether ( ⁇ Triton X 207), 3 parts by weight
- Isotridecanol polyglycol ether (8 EO) and 71 parts by weight paraffinic mineral oil (boiling range, for example, about 255 to 277 ° C) mixed and ground in a ball mill to a fineness of less than 5 microns.
- An emulsifiable concentrate is obtained from 15 parts by weight of a
- Active ingredient / active substance mixture 75 parts by weight of cyclohexanone as solvent and 10 parts by weight of ethoxylated nonylphenol as emulsifier.
- e) A water-dispersible granules are obtained by
- a water-dispersible granule is also obtained by mixing 25 parts by weight of an active substance / active substance mixture,
- Seeds or rhizome pieces of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weed plants are placed in pots in sandy loam soil and covered with soil.
- Emulsionskonzentraten formulated agents are then applied as an aqueous solution, suspension or emulsion with a water application amount of the equivalent of 300 to 800 l / ha in different dosages on the surface of the cover soil. After treatment, the pots are placed in the greenhouse and kept under good growth conditions for the weeds. The visual assessment of the plant or run-in damage occurs after emergence of the
- agents according to the invention have a good herbicidal pre-emergence activity against a broad spectrum of grass weeds and weeds. Evaluation and evaluation of synergistic herbicidal effects:
- herbicidal actions are often observed on a Schadessespezies that exceed the formal sum of the effects of the contained herbicides when used alone. alternative In some cases it can be observed that a lower application rate for the herbicide combination is needed in order to achieve the same effect on a harmful plant species compared to the individual preparations.
- Seeds or rhizome pieces of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds are placed in pots in sandy loam soil, covered with soil and grown in a greenhouse under good growth conditions (temperature, humidity, water supply). Three weeks after sowing, the test plants in the
- Trefoil stage treated with the agents of the invention The formulations according to the invention formulated as wettable powders or as emulsion concentrates are sprayed onto the green parts of the plant in various dosages with a water application rate of 300 to 800 l / ha. After about 3 to 4 weeks
- Means of the invention also have a good herbicidal postemergence
- the treatment with the agents according to the invention was carried out after emergence of harmful plants and crops usually in the 2- to 4-leaf stage; partially (as indicated), the application of individual drugs or drug combinations preemergent or as a sequence treatment was partially pre-emptied and / or postemergence.
- Table 1 Herbicidal action of saflufenacil - amorphous form vs. Hydrate form - in combination with glufosinate-ammonium
- Table 1 shows that the effect of the combination of glufosinate and amorphous saflufenacil in the control of weeds is merely additive.
- the herbicide combination which contains the hydrates of saflufenacil (Ba) and glufosinate in the same dosage shows a clear
- Table 2a Herbicidal effect of saflufenacil (amorphous) vs. Saflufenacil (hydrate form), in each case in combination with glyphosate isopropylammonium
- Table 2a summarizes the herbicidal activity of a combination containing glyphosate isopropylammonium (A1b) and a hydrate of saflufenacil (Ba).
- A1b glyphosate isopropylammonium
- Ba hydrate of saflufenacil
- Table 2b summarizes the herbicidal activity of a combination containing glyphosate isopropylammonium (A1b) and a hydrate of saflufenacil (Ba) for other dicotyledonous weed species.
- E A The expected value, designated E A and calculated according to the addition method, is in all examples below the actually determined value of the herbicides
- Table 2c summarizes the herbicidal activity of a combination containing glyphosate isopropylammonium (A1b) and a hydrate of saflufenacil (Ba) for monkotyle weed species (grass weeds) together.
- the procedure corresponds to the information in section B.
- Biological examples wherein the drug application was carried out in the 1 -2-leaf stage and the evaluation was carried out 28 days after application.
- E A The expected value, designated E A and calculated according to the addition method, is in all examples below the actually determined value of the herbicides
- Table 3 summarizes the herbicidal activity of a combination of three drugs namely glyphosate isopropylammonium (A1b), a hydrate of saflufenacil (Ba) and imazamox (C18).
- A1b glyphosate isopropylammonium
- Ba hydrate of saflufenacil
- C18 imazamox
- Table 4a summarizes preferred mixing ratios for combinations (A) + (B) and the corresponding dosages in g AS / ha.
- Table 4b summarizes preferred mixing ratios for the combinations (A) + (B) + (C) and the corresponding dosages in g AS / ha.
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Abstract
Herbizide Zusammensetzung enthaltend die Hydrate von Saflufenacil und Glyphosate oder Glufosinate Herbizid-Kombination enthaltend a) mindestens ein Herbizid (A) ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus - Glyphosate (A1 ) dessen agrochemisch verträglichen Salze, und - Glufosinate (A2) dessen agrochemisch verträglichen Salze, und b) ein Herbizid (B), das ein Hydrat der Verbindung 2-Chlor-5-[3,6-dihydro-3- methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluormethyl)-1 -(2H)-pyhmidinyl]-4-fluor-N-[[methyl- (1 -methylethyl)amino]sulfonyl]benzamid ist, und deren Verwendung zur Bekämpfung von Schadpflanzen.
Description
Herbizide Zusammensetzung enthaltend die Hydrate von Saflufenacil und
Glyphosate oder Glufosinate
Beschreibung Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Herbizid-Kombination enthaltend
a) mindestens ein Herbizid (A) ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus
- Glyphosate (A1 ) sowie dessen agrochemisch verträglichen Salze, und
- Glufosinate (A2) sowie dessen agrochemisch verträglichen Salze, und b) ein Herbizid (B), das ein Hydrat der Verbindung 2-Chlor-5-[3,6-dihydro-3- methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluormethyl)-1 -(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-4-fluor-N-[[methyl-(1 - methylethyl)amino]sulfonyl]benzamid ist.
Das der Komponente (B) entsprechende Phenyluracil der Formel (I)
ist eine Verbindung mit herbiziden Eigenschaften. Dieser bereits aus der WO 01/083459 bekannte Wirkstoff ist unter der Bezeichnung (Common name) Saflufenacil bekannt.
Verfahren zur Herstellung des Phenyluracil der Formel (I) als amorphe Substanz sind aus WO 01/083459, WO 03/097589, WO 05/054208 und WO 06/097509 bekannt.
Das amorphe Phenyluracil der Formel (I) erwies sich jedoch aufgrund von
Stabilitätsproblemen als nur eingeschränkt geeignet für die Herstellung von
Formulierungen. Stabilitätsprobleme treten It. WO 2008/043836 bei Verwendung der im amorphen Zustand vorliegenden Verbindung der Formel (I) insbesondere bei mehrphasigen Formulierungen auf.
Bezüglich der vorgenannten Schwierigkeiten offenbart die WO 2008/043836, dass die Hydrate des Phenyluracils der Formel (I) die Stabilitätsprobleme der amorphen Form nicht aufweisen und dass die Hydrate zudem eine bessere herbizide
Wirksamkeit sowie in einer Reihe von Kulturen auch eine bessere Selektivität aufweisen.
Auf den Offenbarungsgehalt der WO 2008/043836 wird im Hinblick auf die
Charakterisierung der darin offenbarten Hydrate des Phenyluracils der Formel (I) mit Hilfe von chemischen und physikalischen Methoden hier in vollem Umfang Bezug genommen.
Bei den Hydraten des Phenyluracils der Formel (I) handelt es sich um kristalline Substanzen, die in kompakterer Form kristallisiert sind als die aus der WO
01/083459 bekannten amorphen Formen des Phenyluracils der Formel (I).
Die Hydrate des Phenyluracils der Formel (I) sind kristalline Substanzen, die abhängig von der Ausbildung der Kristalle etwa 0,8 bis 1 ,2 mol Wasser,
insbesondere 0,9 bis 1 ,1 mol und speziell 0,95 bis 1 ,05 mol/mol Phenyluracil enthalten und daher als Monohydrate aufzufassen sind.
Als zentraler Schritt für die Herstellung der Hydrate des Phenyluracils der Formel (I) erwies sich eine Kristallisation aus einer Lösung des Phenyluracils der Formel (I) in einem organischen Lösungsmittel in Gegenwart von Wasser.
Auf den Offenbarungsgehalt der WO 2008/043836 bezüglich der Herstellung der Hydrate der Verbindung gemäß Formel (I) wird hier in vollem Umfang Bezug genommen. Weiterhin sind aus dem Stand der Technik (WO 2009/141367) Zusammensetzungen mit herbizider Wirkung bekannt, welche neben Glyphosate und Glufosinate oder deren Salze mindestens zwei weitere herbizide Wirkstoffe enthalten, wobei es sich bei einem der Wirkstoffe um Pyroxasulfon handelt. Als dritter Kombinationswirkstoff ist in der WO 2009/141367 auch die Verwendung des Phenyluracils der Formel (I) (Saflufenacil) offenbart (siehe die Saflufenacil- Beispiele 260 bis 321 , insbesondere Beispiel 273).
In WO 2009/156322 betrifft eine weitere Herbizidkombination, welche das
Phenyluracil, darunter auch Saflulfenacil, in Kombination mit Glyphosate enthalten kann, wobei die Phenyluracilkomponente dazu dienen soll, die Regenfestigkeit der Glyphosate-Komponente zu verbessern.
Die Verwendung der Hydrate des Phenyluracils der Formel (I) als Komponente in einem Kombinationspräparat ist bislang nicht bekannt.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht in der Bereitstellung weiterer Zusammensetzungen mit herbizider Wirkung, welche ein oder mehrere Hydrate des Phenyluracils der Formel (I) enthält, und dabei Vorteile gegenüber den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Zusammensetzungen aufweist.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Herbizid-Kombination enthaltend
a) mindestens ein Herbizid (A) ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus
- Glyphosate (A1 ) sowie dessen agrochemisch verträglichen Salze, und
- Glufosinate (A2) sowie dessen agrochemisch verträglichen Salze, und b) ein Herbizid (B), das ein Hydrat der Verbindung 2-Chlor-5-[3,6-dihydro-3- methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluormethyl)-1 -(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-4-fluor-N-[[methyl-(1 - methylethyl)amino]sulfonyl]benzamid ist.
Glyphosate (common name der Verbindung mit dem IUPAC name N- (phoshonmethyl)glycine) ist ein nichtselektives Herbizid, das in US 3,799,758 und US 4,405,531 beschrieben wird. Glyphosate ist unter den Handelsnamen
Roundup™ und Touchdown™ bekannt.
Glyphosate wird auch als Salz mit verschiedenen Kationen bereitgestellt. Als
Herbizide eingesetzte Salze von Glyphosate sind z.B. Glyphosate-diammonium
[CAS RN 69254-40-6] (A1 a), Glyphosate-isopropylammonium [38641 -94-0] (A1 b), Glyphosate-monoammonium [40465-66-5] (A1 c), Glyphosate-potassium [70901 -20- 1 ] (A1 d), Glyphosate-sesquisodium [70393-85-0] (A1 e) und als Glyphosate- trimesium [81591 -81 -3] (Alf).
Bevorzugt wird Glyphosate, das in der vorliegenden Erfindung als Komponente (A1 ) eingesetzt wird, in Form von Diammonium (A1 a), Isopropylammonium (A1 b), Monoammonium (A1 c) oder Trimesiumsalz (Alf) eingesetzt.
Weitere spezifische Glyphosate-Einsatzformen sind die durch nachfolgend genannte Handelsnamen geschützten Formulierungen Round up Original™, Round up
Transarb™ und Round up WG™.
Glufosinate (common name der Verbindung mit dem IUPAC name
4[hydroxyl(methyl)phosphinoyl]-DL-homoalanine) [CAS RN 53369-07-6] ist ein weiteres nicht selektives Herbizid. Vom racemischen Gemisch des herbiziden Wirkstoffs wird das L-Isomer [CAS RN 35597-44-5] unterschieden, das sich ebenfalls durch herbizide Wirkung auszeichnet.
Glufosinate und dessen Salze, wie z.B. Glufosinate-ammonium [CAS RN 77 182-82- 2], und seine herbizide Wirkung wurden beschrieben von F. Schwerdtle et al. Z. Pflanzenkr. Pflanzenschutz, 1981 , Sonderheft IX, pp. 431 -440.
Für die vorliegende Erfindung, in der Glufosinate als Komponente (A2) eingesetzt wird, besonders interessante Glufosinatesalze sind Glufosinate-ammoniunn (A2a), Glufosinate-sodium (A2b), L-Glufosinate-ammoniunn (A2c), und L-Glufosinate- sodium (A2d).
Am meisten bevorzugt ist Glufosinate-ammonium (A2a).
Glufosinate und dessen Salze sind bekannt unter den Handelsnamen wie z.B.
Basta™, Liberty™, Ignite™, Rely™ und Finale™.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Herbizid-Kombination gilt für die
Komponente (B) in dem Zustand vor dem Mischen der Komponente (B) mit den weiteren Komponenten und Bestandteilen der Herbizid-Kombination, dass die Hydrate der Verbindung 2-Chlor-5-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluormethyl)- 1 -(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-4-fluor-N-[[methyl-(1 -methylethyl)amino]sulfonyl]benzamid 0,8 bis 1 ,2 mol Wasser, bezogen auf 1 Mol 2-Chlor-5-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4- (trifluormethyl)-l -(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-4-fluor-N-[[methyl-(1 - methylethyl)amino]sulfonyl]benzamid, enthalten. Die vorgenannten Hydrate der Komponente (B) weisen dabei einen Schmelzpunkt im Bereich von 100 bis 140°C auf.
Die vorgenannten Hydrate der Komponente (B) sind weiterhin, dadurch
gekennzeichnet, dass die Komponente (B) in dem Zustand vor dem Mischen der Komponente (B) mit den weiteren Komponenten und Bestandteilen der Herbizid- Kombination einen Gehalt an 2-Chlor-5-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4- (trifluormethyl)-l -(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-4-fluor-N-[[methyl-(1 - methylethyl)amino]sulfonyl]benzamid von wenigstens 94 Gew.-%, bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge der im Hydrat enthaltenen organischen Bestandteile aufweist.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Herbizid-Kombination zeigt die Komponente (B), in dem Zustand vor dem Mischen der Komponente (B) mit den weiteren Komponenten und Bestandteilen der Herbizid-Kombination, in einem
Röntgenpulverdiffraktogramm bei 25°C und Cu-Ka-Strahlung zumindest einen Reflex bei dem 29-Wert 1 1 ,6 ± 0,2°. Falls Komponente (B) in dieser besonderen Kristallform vorliegt, wird sie (in Abgrenzung zu anderen möglichen Kristallformen der Komponente (B)) als Komponente (Ba) bezeichnet.
In einer ganz besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Herbizid-Kombination zeigt die Komponente (Ba), in dem Zustand vor dem Mischen der Komponente (Ba) mit den weiteren Komponenten und Bestandteilen der Herbizid-Kombination, in einem Röntgenpulverdiffraktogramm zusätzlich wenigstens drei der folgenden, als 20-Werte angegebenen Reflexe zeigt: 5,1 ± 0,2°, 10,1 ± 0,2°, 10,8 ± 0,2°, 13,9 ± 0,2°, 15,1 ± 0,2°, 16,1 ± 0,2°, 17,9 ± 0,2°, 20,2 ± 0,2°, 24,5 ± 0,2°.
In einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Herbizid-Kombination zeigt die Komponente (B), in dem Zustand vor dem Mischen der Komponente (B) mit den weiteren Komponenten und Bestandteilen der Herbizid-Kombination, in einem Röntgenpulverdiffraktogrammbei 25°C und Cu-Ka-Strahlung zumindest einen Reflex bei dem 20-Wert 12,1 ± 0,2°C. Diese besondere Kristallform der Komponente (B) wird (in Abgrenzung zu anderen möglichen Kristallformen der Komponente (B)) als Komponente (Bb) bezeichnet.
In einer ganz besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Herbizid-Kombination zeigt die Komponente (Bb), in dem Zustand vor dem Mischen der Komponente (Bb) mit den weiteren Komponenten und Bestandteilen der Herbizid-Kombination, in einem Röntgenpulverdiffraktogramm wenigstens drei der folgenden, als 29-Werte angegebenen Reflexe: 5,2 ± 0,2°, 10,2 ± 0,2°, 10,9 ± 0,2°, 14,0 ± 0,2°, 14,6 ± 0,2°, 15,3 ± 0,2°, 19,2 ± 0,2°, 19,9 ± 0,2°, 20,5 ± 0,2°, 24,7 ± 0,2°, 26,7 ± 0,2°, 27,8 ± 0,2°.
Bevorzugte Mischungsverhältnisse der Komponenten (A):(B), für die
erfindungsgemäßen Kombinationen sind im Folgenden aufgeführt:
Das Gewichtsverhältnis der Komponenten (A) zu den Komponenten (B) in der Herbizid-Kombination kann jeweils in dem Bereich zwischen 1600:1 bis 1 :10 liegen.
Besonders bevorzugt ist das Gewichtsverhältnis von Komponente (A) zu
Komponente (B) in dem Bereich zwischen 800:1 bis 1 :5. In den erfindungsgemäßen Kombinationen können die Aufwandmengen, im
Vergleich zu den Aufwandmengen der Einzelstoffe in der Regel reduziert werden.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform erfindungsgemäße Herbizid-Kombination als zusätzliche Komponente (C) ein oder mehrere Komponenten enthalten, die ausgewählt sind aus der Gruppe agrochemischer Wirkstoffe anderer Art sowie im Pflanzenschutz übliche Zusatzstoffe und Formulierungshilfsmittel.
Agrochemische Wirkstoff anderer Art umfassen neben Herbiziden, Fungiziden, Insektiziden, Akariziden, Nematiziden, Mitiziden und verwandten Stoffen
insbesondere Herbizide, die nicht identisch sind mit den Wirkstoffen der
Komponenten (A) und (B). Agrochemische Wirkstoff anderer Art umfassen außerdem auch Verbindungen, die als kulturpflanzenschützende Wirkstoffe
("Safener" oder "Antidots" genannt) oder Wachstumsregulatoren wirken. Als weitere Herbizide (C), die sich strukturell von den Herbiziden (A) und (B) unterscheiden, also nicht indentisch sind mit diesen, kommen vorzugsweise herbizide Wirkstoffe in Frage, die auf einer Inhibition von beispielsweise Acetolactat- Synthase, Acetyl-Coenzym-A-Carboxylase, PS I, PS II, HPPDO, Phytoene- Desaturase, Protoporphyrinogen-Oxidase, Glutamine-Synthetase,
Cellulosebiosynthese, 5-Enolpyruvylshikimat-3-phosphat-Synthetase beruhen, wie sie z.B. in Weed Research 26, 441 -445 (1986), oder "The Pesticide Manual", 13th edition, The British Crop Protection Council, 2003, oder 14. Auflage 2006/2007, oder
in dem entsprechenden„e-Pesticide Manual", Version 4 (2006), jeweils herausgegeben vom British Crop Protection Council, (im Folgenden auch kurz "PM"), und dort zitierter Literatur beschrieben sind. Listen von„Common names" sind auch in„The Compendium of Pesticide Common Names" im Internet verfügbar. Die Herbizide sind dabei entweder mit dem "common name" nach der International Organization for Standardization (ISO) oder mit dem chemischen Namen, ggf. zusammen mit einer üblichen Codenummer bezeichnet und umfassen stets sämtliche Anwendungsformen wie Säuren, Salze, Ester und Isomere wie Stereoisomere und optische Isomere.
Dabei sind eine und zum Teil auch mehrere Anwendungsformen genannt, wobei die folgenden Verbindungen alle als Komponente (C) in der vorliegenden Erfindung in Frage kommen:
acetochlor; acibenzolar-S-methyl; acifluorfen(-sodium); aclonifen; AD-67; AKH 7088, d.h. [[[1 -[5-[2-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenoxy]-2-nitrophenyl]-
2-methoxyethylidene]-amino]-oxy]-essigsäure und -essigsäuremethylester; alachlor; alloxydim(-sodium); ametryn; amicarbazone, amidochlor, amidosulfuron;
aminocyclopyrachlor; aminopyralid; amitrol; Ammoniumpelargonate; AMS, d.h.
Ammoniumsulfamat; ancimidol; asulam; atrazine; aviglycine; azafenidin,
azimsulfuron (DPX-A8947); aziprotryn; barban; BAS 516 H, d.h. 5-Fluor-2-phenyl-
4H-3,1 -benzoxazin-4-on; beflubutamid (UBH-509), benazolin(-ethyl); bencarbazone; benfluralin; benfuresate; bensulfuron(-methyl); bentazone; benzfendizone;
benzobicyclon, benzofenap; benzofluor; benzoylprop(-ethyl); benzthiazuron;
bicyclopyrone; bifenox; bispyribac(-sodium) (KIH-2023); borax; bromacil;
bromobutide; bromofenoxim; bromoxynil; bromuron; buminafos; busoxinone;
butachlor; butafenacil; butenachlor (KH-218); buthidazole; butralin; butroxydim;
butylate; cafenstrole (CH-900); caloxydim; carbetamide; carfentrazone(-ethyl);
catechin; CDAA, d.h. 2-Chlor-N,N-di-2-propenylacetamid; CDEC, d.h.
Diethyldithiocarbaminsäure-2-chlorallylester; chlormesulon; chlomethoxyfen;
chloramben; chlorazifop-butyl; chlorbromuron; chlorbufam; chlorfenac; chlorfenprop; chlorflurecol(-methyl); chlorflurenol(-methyl); chloridazon; chlorimuron(-ethyl);
chlormequat(-chloride); chlornitrofen; chlorophthalim (MK-616); chlorotoluron;
chloroxuron; chlorpropham; chlorsulfuron; chlorthal-dimethyl; chlorthiamid;
chlortoluron; cinidon(-methyl und -ethyl); cinmethylin; cinosulfuron; clefoxydim;
clethodim; clodinafop und dessen Esterdehvate (z.B. clodinafop-propargyl);
clofencet; clomazone; clomeprop; cloprop; cloproxydim; clopyralid; clopyrasulfuron(- methyl); cloransulam(-nnethyl); cumyluron (JC 940); cyanamide; cyanazine; cycloate; cyclosulfamuron (AC 104); cycloxydim; cycluron; cyhalofop und dessen
Esterdenvate (z.B. Butylester, DEH-1 12); cyperquat; cyprazine; cyprazole; daimuron;
2,4-D; 2,4-DB; dalapon; daminozide; dazomet; n-decanol; desmedipham; desmetryn; di-allate; dicamba; dichlobenil; dichlornnid; dichlorprop(-P)-salze; diclofop und dessen
Ester wie diclofop-methyl; diclofop-P(-methyl); diclosulam; diethatyl(-ethyl);
difenoxuron; difenzoquat(-metilsulfate); diflufenican; diflufenzopyr(-sodium);
dimefuron; dimepiperate; dimethachlor; dimethametryn; dimethazone; dimethenamid
(SAN-582H); dimethenamide-P; dimethylarsinic acid; dimethipin; dimetrasulfuron; dimexyflam; dinitramine; dinoseb; dinoterb; diphenamid; dipropetryn; diquat-salze; dithiopyr; diuron; DNOC; eglinazine-ethyl; EL 77, d.h.
5-Cyano-1 -(1 ,1 -dimethylethyl)-N-methyl-1 H-pyrazole-4-carboxamid; endothal;
epoprodan; EPTC; esprocarb; ethalfluralin; ethametsulfuron-methyl; ethidimuron; ethiozin; ethofumesate; ethoxyfen und dessen Ester (z.B. Ethylester, HN-252);
ethoxysulfuron; etobenzanid (HW 52); F5231 , d.h. N-[2-Chlor-4-fluor-5-[4-(3- fluorpropyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-1 H-tetrazol-1 -yl]-phenyl]-ethansulfonamid;
fenchlorazole(-ethyl); fenclo m; fenoprop; fenoxan, fenoxaprop und fenoxaprop-P sowie deren Ester, z.B. fenoxaprop-P-ethyl und fenoxaprop-ethyl; fenoxydim;
fentrazamide; fenuron; ferrous sulfate; flamprop(-nnethyl oder -isopropyl oder
-isopropyl-L); flamprop-M(-nnethyl oder -isopropyl); flazasulfuron; floazulate (JV-485); florasulam; fluazifop und fluazifop-P und deren Ester, z.B. fluazifop-butyl und fluazifop-P-butyl; fluazolate; flucarbazone(-sodium); flucetosulfuron; fluchloralin; flufenacet; flufenpyr(-ethyl); flumetralin; flumetsulam; flumeturon; flumiclorac(-pentyl); flumioxazin (S-482); flumipropyn; fluometuron; fluorochloridone; fluorodifen;
fluoroglycofen(-ethyl); flupoxam (KNW-739); flupropacil (UBIC-4243); flupropanoate; flupyrsulfuron(-methyl)(-sodium); flurenol(-butyl); fluridone; flurochloridone;
fluroxypyr(-meptyl); flurprimidol; flurtamone; fluthiacet(-methyl) (KIH-9201 );
fluthiamide; fluxofenim; fomesafen; foramsulfuron; forchlorfenuron; furyloxyfen;
gibberillic acid; halosafen; halosulfuron(-methyl); haloxyfop und dessen Ester;
haloxyfop-P (= R-haloxyfop) und dessen Ester; HC-252; hexazinone; HNPC-C9908, d.h. 2-[[[[[4-Methoxy-6-(methylthio)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]- benzoesäuremethylester; imazamethabenz(-methyl); imazamox; imazapic; imazapyr; imazaquin und Salze Wie das Ammoniumsalz; imazethapyr; imazosulfuron;
inabenfide; indanofan; indaziflam; iodosulfuron-methyl(-sodium); ioxynil;
isocarbamid; isopropalin; isoproturon; isouron; isoxaben; isoxachlortole; isoxaflutole; isoxapyrifop; karbutilate; lactofen; lenacil; linuron; Maleinsäurehydrazid (MH); MBTA; MCPA; MCPB; mecoprop(-P); mefenacet; mefluidide; mepiquat(-chlo de);
mesosulfuron(-methyl); mesot one; metam; metamifop; metamitron; metazachlor; methabenzthiazuron; metham; methazole; methoxyphenone; methylarsonic acid; methyl-cyclopropene; methyldymron; methylisothiocyanate; methabenzthiazuron; metobenzuron; metobromuron; (alpha-)metolachlor; metosulam (XRD 51 1 );
metoxuron; metribuzin; metsulfuron-methyl; molinate; monalide; monocarbamide dihydrogensulfate; monolinuron; monuron; monosulfuron; MT 128, d.h. 6-Chlor-N-(3- chlor-2-propenyl)-5-methyl-N-phenyl-3-pyhdazinannin; MT 5950, d.h. N-[3-Chlor-4-(1 - methylethyl)-phenyl]-2-methylpentanamid; naproanilide; napropamide; naptalam; NC
310, d.h. 4-(2,4-dichlorbenzoyl)-1 -methyl-5-benzyloxypyrazol; neburon; nicosulfuron; nipyraclofen; nitralin; nitrofen; nitrophenolate mixture; nitrofluorfen; nonanoic acid; norflurazon; orbencarb; orthosulfamuron; oxabetrinil; oryzalin; oxadiargyl
(RP-020630); oxadiazon; oxasulfuron; oxaziclomefone; oxyfluorfen; paclobutrazol; paraquat(-dichloride); pebulate; pelargonic acid; pendimethalin; penoxulam;
pentachlorophenol; pentanochlor; pentoxazone; perfluidone; pethoxamid;
phenisopham; phenmedipham; picloram; picolinafen; pinoxaden; piributicarb;
pirifenop-butyl; pretilachlor; primisulfuron(-methyl); probenazole; procarbazone-
(sodium); procyazine; prodiamine; profluralin; profoxydim; prohexadione(-calcium); prohydrojasmon; proglinazine(-ethyl); prometon; prometryn; propachlor; propanil; propaquizafop und dessen Ester; propazine; propham; propisochlor;
propoxycarbazone(-sodium) (MKH-6561 ); propyzamide; prosulfalin; prosulfocarb; prosulfuron (CGA-152005); prynachlor; pyraclonil; pyraflufen(-ethyl) (ET-751 );
pyrasulfotole; pyrazolynate; pyrazon; pyrazosulfuron(-ethyl); pyrazoxyfen;
pyribambenz-isopropyl (ZJ 0702); pyrimbambenz-propyl (ZJ 0273); pyribenzoxim; pyributicarb; pyridafol; pyridate; pyriftalid; pyriminobac(-nnethyl) (KIH-6127);
pyrimisulfan (KIH-5996); pyrithiobac(-sodium) (KIH-2031 ); pyroxasulfone (KIH-485); pyroxofop und dessen Ester (z.B. Propargylester); pyroxsulam; quinclorac;
quinmerac; quinoclamine; quinofop und dessen Esterderivate, quizalofop und quizalofop-P und deren Esterderivate z.B. quizalofop-ethyl; quizalofop-P-tefuryl und
-ethyl; renriduron; rimsulfuron (DPX-E 9636); S 275, d.h. 2-[4-Chlor-2-fluor-5-(2- propynyloxy)-phenyl]-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-indazol; secbumeton; sethoxydim;
siduron; simazine; simetryn; sintofen; SN 106279, d.h. 2-[[7-[2-Chlor-4-(trifluor- methyl)-phenoxy]-2-naphthalenyl]-oxy]-propansäure und -methylester; sulcotrione; sulfentrazone (FMC-97285, F-6285); sulfazuron; sulfometuron(-nnethyl); sulfosate
(ICI-A0224); sulfosulfuron; TCA(-sodium); tebutam (GCP-5544); tebuthiuron;
tecnacene; tefuryltrione; tembotrione; tepraloxydim; terbacil; terbucarb; terbuchlor; terbumeton; terbuthylazine; terbutryn; TFH 450, d.h. N,N-Diethyl-3-[(2-ethyl-6- methylphenyl)-sulfonyl]-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-1 -carboxamid; thenylchlor (NSK-850);
thiafluamide, thiazafluron; thiazopyr (Mon-13200); thidiazimin (SN-24085);
thidiazuron; thiencarbazone(-methyl); thifensulfuron(-methyl); thiobencarb; Ti 35; tiocarbazil; topramezone; tralkoxydim; tri-allate; triasulfuron; triaziflam;
triazofenamide; t benuron(-methyl); triclopyr; tridiphane; trietazine; trifloxysulfuron(- sodium); trifluralin; triflusulfuron und Ester (z.B. Methylester, DPX-66037);
trimeturon; trinexapac; tritosulfuron; tsitodef; uniconazole; vernolate; WL 1 10547, d.h. 5-Phenoxy-1 -[3-(trifluormethyl)-phenyl]-1 H-tetrazol; D-489; ET-751 ; KIH-218;
KIH-485 (pyrosysulfone); KIH-509; KPP-300; LS 82-556; NC-324; NC-330; DPX-
N8189; SC-0774; DOWCO-535; DK-8910; V-53482; PP-600; MBH-001 ; TH-547; SYN-523; IDH-100; SYP-249; HOK-201 ; IR-6396; MTB-951 ; NC-620;
methyl 4-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)pyridine-2- carboxylate [CAS RN 943831 -98-9];
4-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-nnethoxyphenyl)pyhdine-2-carboxylic acid [CAS RN 943832-60-8];
ein agrochennisch verträgliches Salz der Verbindung 2-iodo-N-[(4-methoxy-6-methyl- 1 ,3,5-thazin-2-yl)carbonyl]benzensulfonamid; und
ein agrochennisch verträgliches Salz von den Verbindungen der Formel (II):
lcher
Stickstoff der eine CR Gruppe ist,
wobei
R11 Wasserstoff, Alkyl, Halogen oder Haloalkyl ist,
Wasserstoff oder ein jeweils gegebenenfalls substituierter Rest ausgwählt aus der Gruppe aus Alkyl, Alkoxy, Alkoxyalkyl, Alkenyl, Alkynyl, Cycloalkyl, Cycloalkylalkyl, Aralkyl und Aryl ist,
Wasserstoff, Halogen oder ein jeweils gegebenenfalls halogen-substituiertes Alkyl, Alkoxy, Alkylthio, Alkylamino oder Dialkylamino mit jeweils 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen ist,
Wasserstoff, Halogen oder ein jeweils gegebenenfalls Halogen-substituiertes Alkyl, Alkoxy, Alkylthio, Alkylamino oder Dialkylamino mit jeweils 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen ist,
R7 unabhängig voneinander Wasserstoff, Halogen, Cyano, Thiocyanato oder jeweils gegebenenfalls Halogen-substituiertes Alkyl, Alkoxy, Alkylthio, Alkylsulfinyl, Alkylsulfonyl, Alkylamino, Alkylcarbonyl, Alkoxycarbonyl,
Alkylaminocarbonyl mit jeweils 1 bis 3 Kohlenstoffatomen sind,
Wasserstoff, Halogen, Cyano, Thiocyanato oder jeweils gegebenenfalls Halogen-substituiertes Alkyl, Alkoxy, Alkylthio, Alkylsulfinyl, Alkylsulfonyl,
Alkylamino, Alkylcarbonyl, Alkoxycarbonyl, Alkylaminocarbonyl mit jeweils 1 bis 3 Kohlenstoffatomen ist, wobei in den oben genannten Radikalen die Alkyl und Alkylen-Gruppen jeweils 1 - 6 Kohlenstoffatome, die Alkyl und Alkynyl-Gruppen jeweils 2 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatome, die Cycloalkyl-Gruppen jeweils 3 - 6 Kohlenstoffatome und die Aryl-Gruppen jeweils 6 oder 10 aufweisen.
Wenn die jeweilige Bezeichnung (common name) mehrere Formen des Wirkstoffes umfasst, ist mit der Bezeichnung die kommerziell erhältliche Form bevorzugt definiert.
Besonders bevorzugt sind als weitere Herbizide (C), die sich strukturell von den
Herbiziden (A) und (B) unterscheiden, amicarbazone, amidosulfuron; benzobicyclon; bicyclopyrone; bromoxynil; carfentrazone(-ethyl); chlorimuron(-ethyl); clefoxydim; clethodim; clomazone; clopyralid; cloransulam(-methyl); 2,4-D; desmedipham;
dicamba; diflufenican; diflufenzopyr(-sodium); dimethenamid (SAN-582H);
dimethenamide-P; ethoxysulfuron; fenoxaprop-P; fenoxaprop-P-ethyl; flucarbazone(- sodium); flufenacet; fluroxypyr(-meptyl); foramsulfuron; imazamox; imazapic;
imazapyr; imazaquin; imazethapyr; indaziflam; iodosulfuron-methyl(-sodium); ioxynil; isoproturon; isoxaben; isoxaflutole; lactofen; mefenacet; mesosulfuron(-methyl); mesotrione; metazachlor; metolachlor; metribuzin; metsulfuron-methyl; nicosulfuron; oxadiargyl (RP-020630); oxyfluorfen; pendimethalin; phenmedipham; picolinafen; pinoxaden; profoxydim; propanil; propoxycarbazone(-sodium) (MKH-6561 );
prosulfocarb; pyrazosulfuron(-ethyl); pyridate; pyroxsulam; rimsulfuron (DPX-E
9636); simazine; sulcotrione; sulfentrazone (FMC-97285, F-6285); sulfosate (ICI-
A0224); tefuryltrione; tembotrione; thiencarbazone(-methyl); thifensulfuron(-methyl); topramezone; tribenuron(-methyl); triclopyr; trifloxysulfuron(-sodium); KIH-485
(pyrosysulfone); HOK-201 und
methyl 4-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)pyridine-2- carboxylate [CAS RN 943831 -98-9];
4-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid [CAS RN 943832-60-8];
ein agrochemisch verträgliches Salz der Verbindung 2-iodo-N-[(4-methoxy-6-methyl- 1 ,3,5-thazin-2-yl)carbonyl]benzensulfonamid; und
ein agrochemisch verträgliches Salz von den Verbindungen der Formel (II).
Ganz besonders bevorzugt sind als weitere Herbizide (C), die sich strukturell von den Herbiziden (A) und (B) unterscheiden, amicarbazone (C1 ), amidosulfuron (C2), bicyclopyrone (C3), carfentrazone (C4), chlorimuron (C5), clefoxydim (C6), clethodim (C7), 2,4 D (C8), dicamba (C9), diflufenzopyr (C10), dimethenamid-P (DNTA-P) (C1 1 ), dimethenamid (C12), ethoxysulfuron (C13), fenoxaprop-P-ethyl (C14), flufenacet (C15), flucarbazone (C16), foramsulfuron (C17), imazamox (C18), imazapic (C19), imazaquin (C20), imazethapyr (C21 ), indaziflam (C22),
iodosulfuron-methyl (-sodium) (C23), isoxaflutole (IFT) (C24), mesotrione (C25), metazachlor (C26), mesosulfuron (C27), nicosulfuron (C28), pendimethalin (C29), picolinafen (C30), profoxydim (C31 ), propoxycarbazone (C32), pyroxasulfone (C33), rimsulfuron (C34), sulfentrazone (C35), tembotrione (C36), thifensulfuron (C37), thiencarbazone (C38), topramezone (C39), tribenuron (C40),
methyl 4-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)pyridine-2- carboxylate [CAS RN 943831 -98-9] (C41 );
4-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid [CAS RN 943832-60-8] (C42);
ein agrochemisch verträgliches Salz der Verbindung 2-iodo-N-[(4-methoxy-6-methyl- 1 ,3,5-triazin-2-yl)carbonyl]benzensulfonamid (C43); und
ein agrochemisch verträgliches Salz von den Verbindungen der Formel (II).
Jeder der genannten weiteren Wirkstoffe gemäß Komponenete (C) (= Wirkstoffe (C1 ), (C2), (C*) etc.) kann dann vorzugsweise mit einer der Zweierkombinationen, nach dem Schema (A)+(B)+(C*) oder auch nach dem Schema (A)+(B)+(C1 )+(C2) etc. kombiniert werden.
Als Zweier-Kombination sind Herbizid-Kombinationen aus einem oder mehreren Herbiziden (A), d.h. (A1) und/oder (A2) mit einem oder mehreren Herbiziden (B), d.h. (Ba) und/oder (Bb). Insbesondere die Zweier-Kombination aus (A1b) und (Ba) sowie die Zweier-Kombination aus (A2a) und (Ba).
Von besonderem Interesse ist die Anwendung der nachfolgenden Drei- Kombinationen:
(A1b + (Ba) + (C17)
(A1b + (Ba) + (C18)
(A1b + (Bb) + (C17)
(A1b + (Bb) + (C18)
(A2a + (Ba) + (C17)
(A2a + (Ba) + (C18)
(A2a + (Bb) + (C17)
(A2a + (Bb) + (C18)
(A1b + (Ba) + (C20)
(A1b + (Ba) + (C21)
(A1b + (Bb) + (C20)
(A1b + (Bb) + (C21)
(A2a + (Ba) + (C20)
(A2a + (Ba) + (C21)
(A2a + (Bb) + (C20)
(A2a + (Bb) + (C21)
(A1b + (Ba) + (C23)
(A1b + (Ba) + (C27)
(A1b + (Bb) + (C23)
(A1b + (Bb) + (C27)
(A2a) + (Ba) + (C23),
(A2a) + (Ba) + (C27),
(A2a) + (Bb) + (C23),
(A2a) + (Bb) + (C27),
(A1b) + (Ba) + (C28),
(A1b) + (Ba) + (C34),
(A1b) + (Bb) + (C28),
(A1b) + (Bb) + (C34),
(A2b) + (Ba) + (C28),
(A2b) + (Ba) + (C34),
(A2b) + (Bb) + (C28),
(A2b) + (Bb) + (C34).
Von ganz besonderem Interesse ist die Anwendung der nachfolgenden Vierer- Kombinationen:
(A1b) + (Ba) + (C17) + (C23),
(A1b) + (Bb) + (C17) + (C23),
(A2a) + (Ba) + (C17) + (C23),
(A2a) + (Bb) + (C17) + (C23),
(A1b) + (Ba) + (C27) + (C23),
(A1b) + (Bb) + (C27) + (C23),
(A2a) + (Ba) + (C27) + (C23),
(A2a) + (Bb) + (C27) + (C23),
(A1b) + (Ba) + (C18) + (C21),
(A1b) + (Bb) + (C18) + (C21),
(A2a) + (Ba) + (C18) + (C21),
(A2a) + (Bb) + (C18) + (C21),
(A1 b) + (Ba) + (C18) + (C20)
(A1 b) + (Bb) + (C18) + (C20)
(A2a) + (Ba) + (C18) + (C20)
(A2a) + (Bb) + (C18) + (C20)
(A1 b) + (Ba) + (C28) + (C34)
(A1 b) + (Bb) + (C28) + (C34)
(A2a) + (Ba) + (C28) + (C34)
(A2a) + (Bb) + (C28) + (C34)
Besonders bevorzugt ist das Gewichtsverhältnis des aus Komponente (A) und Komponente (B) bestehenden Anteils an der Herbizid-Kombination zu dem Anteil der Komponente (C) in dem Bereich zwischen 1600 : 1 : 1600 bis 1 : 10 : 0,05.
Ganz besonders bevorzugt ist das Gewichtsverhältnis des aus Komponente (A) und Komponente (B) bestehenden Anteils an der Herbizid-Kombination zu dem Anteil der Komponente (C) in dem Bereich zwischen 800 : 1 : 0,4 bis 1 : 5 : 200.
Die Mengenangaben sind Aufwandmengen (g AS/ha = Gramm Aktivsubstanz pro Hektar) und definieren somit auch die Mengenverhältnisse in einer Koformulierung, einem Pre-mix, einem Tank-mix oder einer sequentiellen Applikation der
kombinierten Wirkstoffe.
Die Kombinationen können sowohl im Vorauflaufverfahren als auch
Nachauflaufverfahren angewendet werden. Dies gilt sowohl für Vor- und Nachauflauf in Bezug auf die Schadpflanzen also auch bei der selektiven Bekämpfung der Schadpflanzen für den Vor- oder Nachauflauf der Kulturpflanzen. Es kommen dabei auch Mischformen in Frage, z. B. beim Nachauflauf der Kulturpflanzen die
Bekämpfung der Schadpflanzen in deren Vor- oder Nachauflaufstadium.
Als weitere Kombinationspartner kommen auch kulturpflanzenschützende Wirkstoffe ("Safener" oder "Antidots" genannt) in Frage, welche phytotoxische Wirkungen der Herbizide an Kulturpflanzen reduzieren oder verhindern können.
Folgende Gruppen von Verbindungen sind beispielsweise als Safener für die oben erwähnten herbiziden Wirkstoffe (A) bzw. Kombinationen von Herbiziden (A) und (B) bzw. allgemein in den erfindungsgemäßen Kombinationen geeignet; die
Verbindungen sind mit dem jeweiligen "Common Name" oder Codenummern mit Struktur bezeichnet (Fundstellen der Common Names: siehe das oben genannte "Pesticide Manual" oder "Compendium of Pesticide Common Names"):
Benoxacor, Cloquintocet(-mexyl), Cyometrinil, Cyprosulfamide, Dichlormid,
Dicyclonon, Dietholate, Disulfoton (= O,O-Diethyl S-2-ethylthioethyl
phosphordithioat), Fenchlorazole(-ethyl), Fenclorim, Flurazole, Fluxofenim,
Furilazole, Isoxadifen(-ethyl), Mefenpyr(-diethyl), Mephenate, Naphthalic anhydride, Oxabetrinil, "R-29148" (= 3-Dichloracetyl-2,2,5-trimethyl-1 ,3-oxazolidin), "R-28725" (= 3-Dichloracetyl-2,2,-dimethyl-1 ,3-oxazolidin), "PPG-1292" (= N-Allyl-N-[(1 ,3- dioxolan-2-yl)-methyl]-dichloracetamid), "DKA-24" (= N-Allyl-N-[(allylaminocarbonyl)- methyl]-dichloracetamid), "AD-67" oder "MON 4660" (= 3-Dichloracetyl-1 -oxa-3-aza- spiro[4,5]decan), "TI-35" (= 1 -Dichloracetyl-azepan), "Dimepiperate" oder "MY-93" (= Piperidin-1 -thiocarbonsäure-S-1 -methyl-1 -phenylethylester), "Daimuron" oder "SK 23" (= 1 -(1 -Methyl-1 -phenylethyl)-3-p-tolyl-harnstoff), "Cumyluron" = "JC-940" (= 3-(2-Chlorphenylmethyl)-1 -(1 -methyl-1 -phenyl-ethyl)harnstoff), "Methoxyphenon", oder "NK 049" (= 3,3'-Dimethyl-4-methoxy-benzophenon), "CSB" (= 1 -Brom-4- (chlormethylsulfonyl)benzol), "CL-304415" (=4-Carboxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-1 - benzopyran-4-essigsäure; CAS-Regno: 31541 -57-8), "MG-191 " (= 2-Dichlormethyl- 2-methyl-1 ,3-dioxolan), "MG-838" (=2-propenyl 1 -oxa-4-azaspiro[4.5]decane-4- carbodithioate; CAS-Regno: 133993-74-5), Methyl-(diphenylmethoxy)acetat (CAS- Regno: 41858-19-9 aus WO-A-1998/38856), Methyl-[(3-oxo-1 Η-2-benzothiopyran- 4(3H)-yliden)methoxy]acetate (CAS-Regno: 205121 -04-6 aus WO-A-1998/13361 ), 1 ,2-Dihydro-4-hydroxy-1 -methyl-3-(5-tetrazolyl-carbonyl)-2-chinolon (CAS-Regno: 95855-00-8 aus WO-A-1999/000020).
Von besonderem Interesse unter den genannten Safenern sind
Benoxacor, Cloquintocet(-mexyl), Cyometrinil, Cyprosulfamide, Dichlormid,
Fenchlorazole(-ethyl), Fenclorim, Flurazole, Fluxofenim, Furilazole,
Isoxadifen(-ethyl), Mefenpyr(-diethyl), Naphthalinsäureanhydrid, Oxabetrinil,
"AD-67" (= "MON 4660" = 3-Dichloracetyl-1 -oxa-3-aza-spiro[4,5]decan),
"TI-35" (= 1 -Dichloracetyl-azepan), Dimepiperate, Daimuron, Cumyluron,
Einige der Safener sind bereits als Herbizide genannt und entfalten somit neben der Herbizidwirkung bei Schadpflanzen zugleich auch Schutzwirkung bei den
Kulturpflanzen.
Jeder der genannten Safener kann als weiterer Wirkstoff (C) vorzugsweise mit einer der genannten Zweierkombinationen, welche eine von der jeweiligen Verbindung (C) strukturell verschiedene Verbindung (B) enthält, nach dem Schema (A)+(B)+(C) kombiniert werden.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Herbizid-Kombinationen können weitere Komponenten enthalten, z. B. andere Wirkstoffe gegen Schadorganismen wie Schadpflanzen, pflanzenschädliche Tiere oder pflanzenschädliche Pilze, insbesondere dabei Wirkstoffe aus der Gruppe Fungizide, Insektizide, Akarizide, Nematizide, Mitizide und verwandte Stoffe.
Fungizid wirksame Verbindungen, die in Kombination mit den erfindungsgemäßen Herbizidkombinationen eingesetzt werden können, sind bevorzugt handelsübliche Wirkstoffe, beispielsweise (analog zu den Herbiziden werden die Verbindungen generell mit ihren Common names bezeichnet, hier in der üblichen englischen Schreibweise):
2-phenylphenol; 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate; acibenzolar-S-methyl; actinovate;
aldimorph; amidoflumet; ampropylfos; ampropylfos-potassium; andoprim; anilazine; azaconazole; azoxystrobin; benalaxyl; benodanil; benomyl; benthiavalicarb- isopropyl; benzamacril; benzamacril-isobutyl; binapacryl; biphenyl; bitertanol;
blasticidin-S; boscalid; bromuconazole; bupirimate; buthiobate; butylamine; calcium polysulfide; capsimycin; captafol; captan; carbendazim; carboxin; carpropamid;
carvone; chinomethionat; chlobenthiazone; chlorfenazole; chloroneb; chlorothalonil; chlozolinate; cis-1 -(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-1 -yl)cycloheptanol;
clozylacon; cyazofamid; cyflufenamid; cymoxanil; cyproconazole; cyprodinil;
cyprofuram; Dagger G; debacarb; dichlofluanid; dichlone; dichlorophen; didocymet; diclomezine; dicloran; diethofencarb; difenoconazole; diflumetorim; dimethirimol; dimethomorph; dimoxystrobin; diniconazole; diniconazole-M; dinocap;
diphenylamine; dipyrithione; ditalimfos; dithianon; dodine; drazoxolon; edifenphos; epoxiconazole; ethaboxam; ethirimol; etridiazole; famoxadone; fenamidone;
fenapanil; fenarimol; fenbuconazole; fenfuram; fenhexamid; fenitropan; fenoxanil; fenpidonil; fenpropidin; fenpropimorph; ferbam; fluazinam; flubenzimine; fludioxonil; flumetover; flumorph; fluoromide; fluoxastrobin; fluquinconazole; flurprimidol;
flusilazole; flusulfamide; flutolanil; flutriafol; folpet; fosetyl-AI; fosetyl-sodium;
fuberidazole; furalaxyl; furametpyr; furcarbanil; furmecyclox; guazatine;
hexachlorobenzene; hexaconazole; hymexazol; imazalil; imibenconazole;
iminoctadine triacetate; iminoctadine tris(albesilate); iodocarb; ipconazole;
iprobenfos; iprodione; iprovalicarb; irumamycin; isoprothiolane; isovaledione;
kasugamycin; kresoxim-methyl; mancozeb; maneb; meferimzone; mepanipyrim; mepronil; metalaxyl; metalaxyl-M; metconazole; methasulfocarb; methfuroxam; methyl 1 -(2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-1 H-inden-1 -yl)-1 H-imidazole-5-carboxylate;
methyl 2-[[[cyclopropyl[(4-methoxyphenyl)imino]methyl]thio]methyl]-. alpha. -
(methoxymethylene)benzeneacetate; methyl 2-[2-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1 -methyl- allylideneaminooxymethyl]phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate; metiram; metominostrobin; metrafenone; metsulfovax; mildiomycin; monopotassium carbonate; myclobutanil; myclozolin; nabam, N-(3-ethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl)-3-formylamino-2-hydroxy- benzamide; N-(6-methoxy-3-pyridinyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide; N-butyl-8-(1 ,1 - dimethylethyl)-1 -oxaspiro[4.5]decan-3-amine; natamycin; nitrothal-isopropyl;
noviflumuron; nuarimol; ofurace; orysastrobin; oxadixyl; oxolinic acid; oxpoconazole; oxycarboxin; oxyfenthiin; paclobutrazol; pefurazoate; penconazole; pencycuron; penthiopyrad; phosdiphen; phthalide; picobenzamid; picoxystrobin; piperalin;
polyoxins; polyoxorim; probenazole; prochloraz; procymidone; propamocarb;
propanosine-sodium; propiconazole; propineb; proquinazid; prothioconazole;
pyraclostrobin; pyrazophos; pyrifenox; pyrimethanil; pyroquilon; pyroxyfur;
pyrrolnitrine; quinconazole; quinoxyfen; quintozene; silthiofam; simeconazole;
sodium tetrathiocarbonate; spiroxamine; sulfur; tebuconazole; tecloftalam;
tecnazene; tetcyclacis; tetraconazole; thiabendazole; thicyofen; thifluzamide;
thiophanate-methyl; thiram; tiadinil; tioxymid; tolclofos-methyl; tolylfluanid;
triadimefon; triadimenol; triazbutil; triazoxide; tricyclamide; tricyclazole; tridemorph; trifloxystrobin; triflumizole; triforine; triticonazole; uniconazole; validamycin A;
vinclozolin; zineb; ziram; zoxamide; (2S)-N-[2-[4-[[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2- propynyl]oxy]-3-methoxyphenyl]ethyl]-3-nnethyl- 2-[(methylsulfonyl)amino]- butanamide; 1 -(1 -naphthalenyl)-1 H-pyrrole-2,5-dione; 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-4- (methylsulfonyl)pyridine; 2,4-dihydro-5-methoxy-2-nnethyl-4-[[[[1 -[3-(trifluoro- methyl)phenyl]ethylidene]amino]oxy]methyl]phenyl]-3H-1 ,2,3-triazol-3-one; 2-amino- 4-methyl-N-phenyl-5-thiazolecarboxannide; 2-chloro-N-(2,3-dihydro-1 ,1 ,3-trimethyl- 1 H-inden-4-yl)-3-pyridinecarboxannide; 3,4,5-trichloro-2,6-pyridinedicarbonitrile; 3- [(3-bromo-6-fluoro-2-methyl-1 H-indol-1 -yl)sulfonyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazole-l - Sulfonamide; copper salts and copper preparations, such as Bordeaux mixture; copper hydroxide; copper naphthenate; copper oxychloride; copper sulfate;
cufraneb; copper(l) oxide; mancopper; oxine-copper.
Bevorzugte Fungizide sind ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus benalaxyl, bitertanol, bromuconazol, captafol, carbendazim, carpropamid, cyazofamid, cyproconazol, diethofencarb, edifenphos, fenpropimorph, fentine, fluquinconazol, fosetyl, fluoroimide, folpet, iminoctadine, iprodionem, iprovalicarb, kasugamycin, maneb, nabam, pencycuron, prochloraz, propamocarb, propineb, pyrimethanil, sprioxamine, quintozene, tebuconazole, tolylfluanid, triadimefon, triadimenol, trifloxystrobin, zineb.
Insektizide, akarizide, nematizide, mitizide und verwandte Wirkstoffe sind, beispielsweise (analog zu den Herbiziden und Fungiziden werden die Verbindungen nach Möglichkeit mit ihren Common names bezeichnet, hier in der üblichen englischen Schreibweise):
alanycarb, aldicarb, aldoxycarb, allyxycarb, aminocarb, bendiocarb, benfuracarb, bufencarb, butacarb, butocarboxim, butoxycarboxim, carbaryl, carbofuran,
carbosulfan, cloethocarb, dimetilan, ethiofencarb, fenobucarb, fenothiocarb, formetanate, furathiocarb, isoprocarb, metam-sodiunn, methiocarb, methomyl, metolcarb, oxamyl, pirimicarb, promecarb, propoxur, thiodicarb, thiofanox, trimethacarb, XMC, xylylcarb, acephate, azamethiphos, azinphos (-methyl, -ethyl), bromophos-ethyl, bromfenvinfos(-methyl), butathiofos, cadusafos, carbophenothion, chlorethoxyfos, chlorfenvinphos, chlormephos, chlorpyrifos(-methyl/-ethyl), coumaphos, cyanofenphos, cyanophos, chlorfenvinphos, demeton-S-methyl, demeton-S-methylsulphon, dialifos, diazinon, dichlofenthion, dichlorvos/DDVP, dicrotophos, dimethoate, dimethylvinphos, dioxabenzofos, disulfoton, EPN, ethion, ethoprophos, ethmfos, famphur, fenamiphos, fenitrothion, fensulfothion, fenthion, flupyrazofos, fonofos, formothion, fosmethilan, fosthiazate, heptenophos,
iodofenphos, iprobenfos, isazofos, isofenphos, isopropyl O-salicylate, isoxathion, malathion, mecarbam, methacrifos, methamidophos, methidathion, mevinphos, monocrotophos, naled, omethoate, oxydemeton-methyl, parathion(-methyl/-ethyl), phenthoate, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, phosphocarb, phoxim, pirimiphos(-methyl/-ethyl), profenofos, propaphos, propetamphos, prothiofos, prothoate, pyraclofos, pyridaphenthion, pyridathion, quinalphos, sebufos, sulfotep, sulprofos, tebupirimfos, temephos, terbufos, tetrachlorvinphos, thiometon, triazophos, triclorfon, vamidothion, acrinathrin, allethrin (d-cis-trans, d-trans), beta- cyfluthrin, bifenthrin, bioallethrin, bioallethrin-S-cyclopentyl-isomer,
bioethanomethrin, biopermethrin, bioresmethrin, chlovaporthrin, cis-cypermethrin, cis-resmethrin, cis-permethrin, clocythrin, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, Cypermethrin (alpha-, beta-, theta-, zeta-), cyphenothrin, deltamethrin, empenthrin (1 R-isomer), esfenvalerate, etofenprox, fenfluthrin, fenpropathrin, fenpyrithrin, fenvalerate, flubrocythrinate, flucythrinate, flufenprox, flumethrin, fluvalinate, fubfenprox, gamma-cyhalothrin, imiprothrin, kadethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, metofluthrin, permethrin (eis-, trans-), phenothrin (1 R-trans isomer), prallethrin, profluthrin, protrifenbute, pyresmethrin, resmethrin, RU 15525, silafluofen, tau- fluvalinate, tefluthrin, terallethrin, tetramethrin (-1 R- isomer), tralomethrin,
transfluthrin, ZXI 8901 , Pyrethrins (pyrethrum), DDT, indoxaearb, acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, nithiazine, thiacloprid,
thiamethoxam, nicotine, bensultap, cartap, camphechlor, chlordane, endosulfan,
gamma-HCH, HCH, heptachlor, lindane, methoxychlor spinosad, acetoprole, ethiprole, fipronil, vaniliprole, avermectin, emamectin, emannectin-benzoate, ivermectin, milbennycin, diofenolan, epofenonane, fenoxycarb, hydroprene, kinoprene, methoprene, pyriproxifen, triprene, chromafenozide, halofenozide, methoxyfenozide, tebufenozide, bistnfluron, chlofluazuron, diflubenzuron, fluazuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novaluron, noviflumuron, penfluron, teflubenzuron, triflumuron, buprofezin, cyromazine, diafenthiuron, azocyclotin, cyhexatin, fenbutatin-oxide, chlorfenapyr, binapacyrl, dinobuton, dinocap, DNOC, fenazaquin, fenpyroximate, pyrimidifen, pyridaben, tebufenpyrad, tolfenpyrad, hydramethylnon, dicofol, rotenone, acequinocyl, fluacrypyrim, Bacillus thuringiensis strains, spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, 3-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-8-methoxy- 2-OXO-1 -azaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-4-yl ethyl carbonate (alias: carbonic acid, 3-(2,5- dimethylphenyl)-8-nnethoxy-2-oxo-1 -azaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-4-yl ethyl ester, CAS- Reg.-No.: 382608-10-8) and carbonic acid, cis-3-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-8-methoxy-2- oxo-1 -azaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-4-yl ethyl ester (CAS-Reg.-No.: 203313-25-1 )
(spirotetramat), flonicamid, amitraz, propargite, N2-[1 ,1 -dimethyl-2- (methylsulfonyl)ethyl]-3-iodo-N1 -[2-methyl-4-[1 ,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1 - (trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]-1 ,2-benzenedicarboxamide (CAS-Reg.-No.: 272451 - 65-7), thiocyclam Wasserstoff Oxalate, thiosultap-sodium, azadirachtin, Bacillus spec, Beauveria spec, codlemone, Metarrhizium spec, Paecilomyces spec, thuringiensin, Verticillium spec, aluminum phosphide, methyl bromide, sulfuryl fluoride, cryolite, flonicamid, pymetrozine, clofentezine, etoxazole, hexythiazox, amidoflumet, benclothiaz, benzoximate, bifenazate, bromopropylate, buprofezin, chinomethionat, chlordimeform, chlorobenzilate, chloropicrin, clothiazoben, cycloprene, dicyclanil, fenoxacrim, fentrifanil, flubenzimine, flufenerim, flutenzin, gossyplure, hydramethylnone, japonilure, metoxadiazone, petroleum, piperonyl butoxide, potassium oleate, pyridalyl, sulfluramid, tetradifon, tetrasul, triarathene, verbutin. Bevorzugte Insektizide, die gemeinsam mit den Herbiziden eingesetzt werden können, sind ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus:
acetamiprid, acrinathrin, aldicarb, amitraz, acinphos-methyl, cyfluthrin, carbaryl,
Cypermethrin, deltamethrin, endosulfan, ethoprophos, fenamiphos, fenthion, fipronil, imidacloprid, methamidophos, methiocarb, niclosamide, oxydemeton-methyl, prothiophos, silafluofen, thiacloprid, thiodicarb, tralomethrin, triazophos, trichlorfon, triflumuron, terbufos, fonofos, phorate, chlorpyriphos, carbofuran, tefluthrin.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Wirkstoffkombinationen sind zur Bekämpfung eines breiten Unkrautspektrums im Nichtkulturland, auf Wegen, Gleisanlagen, Industrieflächen ("industrial weed control") oder in Plantagenkulturen wie gemäßigten, subtropischen und tropischen Klimaten oder Geographien geeignet. Beispiele für Plantagenkulturen sind Ölpalme, Nüsse (z. B. Mandeln, Haselnüsse, Walnüsse, Macademia),
Kokosnuss, Beeren, Ölpalme, Gummibaum, Citrus (z. B. Orange, Zitrone,
Mandarine), Bananen, Ananas, Baumwolle, Zuckerrohr, Tee, Kaffee, Kakao und Ähnliches. Ebenso sind sie für die Anwendung im Obstbau (z. B. Kernobst wie Apfel, Birne, Kirsche, Mango, Kiwi) und Weinbau geeignet.
Die Mittel können vor allem auch zur Saatvorbereitung ("burn-down-" "no-till"- oder "zero-tiH"-Methode oder im Vorauflaufverfahren (Direkt-Saat)) oder zur Behandlung nach der Ernte ("chemical fallow") eingesetzt werden. Die
Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der Wirkstoffkombinationen erstrecken sich auch zur Unkrautkontrolle in Baumkulturen, z. B. jungen Christbaumkulturen oder Eukalyptus- Anlagen, jeweils vor der Einpflanzung oder nach der Verpflanzung (auch mit
Überkopfbehandlung, "over-top").
Auch können die Mittel in ausgewählten Kulturen wirtschaftlich wirtschaftlich bedeutenden Kulturen wie Getreide (Weizen, Gerste, Roggen, Hafer, Hirse, Mais und Reis), Zuckerrübe, Zuckerrohr, Raps, Baumwolle, Soja, Kartoffel, Tomate, Erbse und anderen Gemüsesorten eingesetzt werden. Bei Anwendung der Wirkstoffe (A) und (B) in Pflanzenkulturen wie Getreide und Mais ist es je nach Pflanzenkultur zweckmäßig, ab bestimmter Aufwandmengen einen Safener zu applizieren, um Schäden an der Kulturpflanze zu reduzieren oder zu vermeiden.
Die erfindungsgemäßen herbiziden Wirkstoffkombinationen in den jeweiligen
Anwendungsformen (= herbiziden Mittel) weisen Synergien hinsichtlich der
Herbizidwirkung und Selektivität und günstige Wirkung bezüglich des
Unkrautspektums (einschließlich Arten, die gegen verschiedene
Wirkungsmechanismen wie ALS, EPSP, ACCase u.a. einfache oder mehrfache (Kreuz-) Resistenzen entwickelt haben) auf. Sie weisen auch eine ausgezeichnete herbizide Wirksamkeit gegen ein breites Spektrum wirtschaftlich wichtiger
monokotyler und dikotyler annueller Schadpflanzen auf. Auch schwer bekämpfbare perennierende Schadpflanzen, die aus Rhizomen, Wurzelstöcken oder anderen Dauerorganen austreiben, werden durch die Wirkstoffe gut erfaßt. Zur Anwendung können die Wirkstoffkombinationen auf die Pflanzen (z.B.
Schadpflanzen wie mono- oder dikotyle Unkräuter oder unerwünschte
Kulturpflanzen), das Saatgut (z.B. Körner, Samen oder vegetative
Vermehrungsorgane wie Knollen oder Sprossteile mit Knospen) oder die Fläche, auf der die Pflanzen wachsen (z.B. die Anbaufläche), ausgebracht werden.
Dabei können die Substanzen im Vorsaat- (ggf. auch durch Einarbeitung in den Boden), Vorauflauf- oder Nachauflaufverfahren ausgebracht werden. Bevorzugt ist die Anwendung im frühen Nachsaat-Vorauflaufverfahren oder im
Nachauflaufverfahren von Plantagenkulturen gegen noch nicht aufgelaufene oder bereits aufgelaufene Schadpflanzen. Die Anwendung kann auch in
Unkrautmanagment-Systemen (weed-management) mit geteilten mehrfachen Anwendungen (Sequenzanwendungen, "sequentials") integriert werden.
Im Einzelnen seien beispielhaft einige Vertreter der mono- und dikotylen
Unkrautflora genannt, die durch die erfindungsgemäßen Wirkstoffkombinationen kontrolliert werden können, ohne dass durch die Nennung eine Beschränkung auf bestimmte Arten erfolgen soll.
Auf der Seite der monokotylen Unkrautarten werden z.B. Aegilops, Agropyron, Agrostis, Alopecurus, Apera, Avena, Brachicaria, Bromus, Cynodon, Dactyloctenium, Digitaria, Echinochloa, Eleocharis, Eleusine, Eragrostis, Eriochloa, Festuca,
Fimbristylis, Imperata, Ischaemum, Heteranthera, Imperata, Ischaemum, Leptochloa, Lolium, Monochoria, Panicum, Paspalum, Phalaris, Phleum, Poa, Rottboellia,
Sagittaria, Scirpus, Setaria, Sorghum, Sphenoclea und Cyperus-arten von der annuellen Gruppe erfasst.
Bei dikotylen Unkrautarten erstreckt sich das Wirkungsspektrum auf Arten wie z.B. Abutilon, Amaranthus, Ambrosia, Anoda, Anthemis, Aphanes, Artemisia, Atriplex, Bellis, Bidens, Capsella, Carduus, Cassia, Centaurea, Chenopodium, Cirsium, Convolvulus, Datura, Desmodium, Emex, Erodium, Erysimum, Euphorbia,
Galeopsis, Galinsoga, Galium, Geranium, Hibiscus, Ipomoea, Kochia, Lamium, Lepidium, Lindernia, Matricaria, Mentha, Mercurialis, Mullugo, Myosotis, Papaver, Pharbitis, Plantago, Polygonum, Portulaca, Ranunculus, Raphanus, Rorippa, Rotala, Rumex, Salsola, Senecio, Sesbania, Sida, Sinapis, Solanum, Sonchus, Sphenoclea, Stellaria, Taraxacum, Thlaspi, Trifolium, Urtica, Veronica, Viola, Xanthium.
Werden die erfindungsgemäßen Wirkstoffkombinationen vor dem Keimen auf die Erdoberfläche appliziert, so wird entweder das Auflaufen der Unkrautkeimlinge vollständig verhindert oder die Unkräuter wachsen bis zum Keimblattstadium heran, stellen jedoch dann ihr Wachstum ein und sterben schließlich nach Ablauf von drei bis vier Wochen vollkommen ab. Bei Applikation der Wirkstoffe auf die grünen Pflanzenteile im Nachauflaufverfahren tritt nach der Behandlung ein Wachstumsstop ein und die Schadpflanzen bleiben in dem zum Applikationszeitpunkt vorhandenen Wachstumsstadium stehen oder sterben nach einer gewissen Zeit ganz ab, so dass auf diese Weise eine für die Kulturpflanzen schädliche Unkrautkonkurrenz sehr früh und nachhaltig beseitigt wird.
Die erfindungsgemäßen herbiziden Mittel zeichnen sich durch eine schnell einsetzende und lang andauernde herbizide Wirkung aus. Die Regenfestigkeit der Wirkstoffe in den erfindungsgemäßen Kombinationen ist in der Regel günstig. Als besonderer Vorteil fällt ins Gewicht, dass die in den Kombinationen verwendeten und wirksamen Dosierungen von Verbindungen (A) und (B) so gering eingestellt werden können, dass ihre Bodenwirkung optimal niedrig ist. Somit wird deren
Einsatz nicht nur in empfindlichen Kulturen erst möglich, sondern Grundwasser-
Kontaminationen werden praktisch vermieden. Durch die erfindungsgemäße
Kombination von Wirkstoffen wird eine erhebliche Reduzierung der nötigen
Aufwandmenge der Wirkstoffe ermöglicht. Mit dem kombinierten Einsatz der Herbizide (A) und (B) und ggf. (C) werden anwendungstechnische Eigenschaften erreicht, die über das hinausgehen, was aufgrund der bekannten Eigenschaften der Einzelherbizide für deren Kombination zu erwarten war. Beispielsweise übertreffen die herbiziden Wirkungen bei einer bestimmten Schadpflanzenspezies den Erwartungswert, wie er nach
Standardverfahren, z. B. gemäß Colby (siehe weiter unten) oder anderen
Extrapolationsverfahren, abgeschätzt werden kann.
Die synergistischen Effekte erlauben daher beispielsweise eine Reduktion der Aufwandmengen der Einzelwirkstoffe, eine höhere Wirkungsstärke bei gleicher Aufwandmenge, die Kontrolle bislang nicht erfasster Arten von Schadpflanzen
(Lücken), eine erhöhte Residualwirkung, eine erhöhte Langzeitwirkung, eine erhöhte Wirkungsgeschwindigkeit, eine Ausdehnung des Anwendungszeitraums und/oder eine Reduzierung der Anzahl notwendiger Einzelanwendungen und - als Resultat für den Anwender - ökonomisch und ökologisch vorteilhaftere
Unkrautbekämpfungssysteme.
Obgleich die erfindungsgemäßen Kombinationen eine ausgezeichnete herbizide Aktivität gegenüber mono- und dikotylen Unkräutern aufweisen, werden viele wirtschaftlich bedeutende Kulturpflanzen abhängig von der Struktur der jeweiligen erfindungsgemäßen Wirkstoffkombinationen und deren Aufwandmenge nur unwesentlich oder gar nicht geschädigt. Wirtschaftlich bedeutende Kulturen sind dabei z.B. dikotyle Kulturen der Gattungen Arachis, Beta, Brassica, Cucumis, Cucurbita, Helianthus, Daucus, Glycine, Gossypium, Ipomoea, Lactuca, Linum, Lycopersicon, Nicotiana, Phaseolus, Pisum, Solanum, Vicia, oder monokotyle Kulturen der Gattungen Allium, Ananas, Asparagus, Avena, Hordeum, Oryza, Panicum, Saccharum, Seeale, Sorghum, Triticale, Triticum und Zea.
Darüberhinaus weisen die erfindungsgemaßen Mittel teilweise hervorragende wachstumsregulatorische Eigenschaften bei den Kulturpflanzen auf. Sie greifen regulierend in den pflanzeneigenen Stoffwechsel ein und können damit zur gezielten Beeinflussung von Pflanzeninhaltsstoffen und zur Ernteerleichterung wie z.B. durch Auslösen von Desikkation und Wuchsstauchung eingesetzt werden. Desweiteren eignen sie sich auch zur generellen Steuerung und Hemmung von unerwünschtem vegetativem Wachstum, ohne dabei die Pflanzen abzutöten. Eine Hemmung des vegetativen Wachstums spielt bei vielen mono- und dikotylen Kulturen eine große Rolle, da das Lagern hierdurch verringert oder völlig verhindert werden kann.
Aufgrund ihrer herbiziden und pflanzenwachstumsregulatorischen Eigenschaften können die Mittel zur Bekämpfung von Schadpflanzen in bekannten
Pflanzenkulturen oder noch zu entwickelnden, durch konventionelle Mutagenese veränderten oder gentechnisch veränderten, toleranten Kulturpflanzen eingesetzt werden. Die transgenen Pflanzen zeichnen sich in der Regel durch besondere vorteilhafte Eigenschaften aus, neben den Resistenzen gegenüber den
erfindungsgemäßen Mitteln beispielsweise durch Resistenzen gegenüber
Pflanzenkrankheiten oder Erregern von Pflanzenkrankheiten wie bestimmten Insekten oder Mikroorganismen wie Pilzen, Bakterien oder Viren. Andere besondere Eigenschaften betreffen z. B. das Erntegut hinsichtlich Menge, Qualität,
Lagerfähigkeit, Zusammensetzung und spezieller Inhaltsstoffe. So sind transgene Pflanzen mit erhöhtem Stärkegehalt oder veränderter Qualität der Stärke oder solche mit anderer Fettsäurezusammensetzung des Ernteguts bekannt. Weitere besondere Eigenschaften können in einer Toleranz oder Resistenz gegen abiotische Stressoren z. B. Hitze, Kälte, Trockenheit, Salz und ultraviolette Strahlung liegen.
Vorzugsweise können die erfindungsgemäßen Wirkstoffkombinationen als Herbizide in Nutzpflanzenkulturen eingesetzt werden, welche gegenüber den phytotoxischen Wirkungen der Herbizide resistent sind bzw. gentechnisch resistent gemacht worden sind.
Herkömmliche Wege zur Herstellung neuer Pflanzen, die im Vergleich zu bisher vorkommenden Pflanzen modifizierte Eigenschaften aufweisen, bestehen
beispielsweise in klassischen Züchtungsverfahren und der Erzeugung von Mutanten. Alternativ können neue Pflanzen mit veränderten Eigenschaften mit Hilfe
gentechnischer Verfahren erzeugt werden (siehe z. B. EP-A-0221044, EP-A- 0131624). Beschrieben wurden beispielsweise in mehreren Fällen
gentechnische Veränderungen von Kulturpflanzen zwecks Modifikation der in den Pflanzen synthetisierten Stärke (z. B. WO 92/1 1376, WO 92/14827, WO 91/19806),
- transgene Kulturpflanzen, welche Resistenzen gegen andere Herbizide
aufweisen, beispielsweise gegen Sulfonylharnstoffe (EP-A-0257993, US-A- 5013659),
transgene Kulturpflanzen, mit der Fähigkeit
Bacillus thuringiensis-Toxine (Bt-Toxine) zu produzieren, welche die
Pflanzen gegen bestimmte Schädlinge resistent machen (EP-A-0142924,
EP-A-0193259).
transgene Kulturpflanzen mit modifizierter Fettsäurezusammensetzung (WO 91/13972).
gentechnisch veränderte Kulturpflanzen mit neuen Inhalts- oder
Sekundärstoffen z. B. neuen Phytoalexinen, die eine erhöhte
Krankheitsresistenz verursachen (EPA 309862, EPA0464461 )
gentechnisch veränderte Pflanzen mit reduzierter Photorespiration, die höhere Erträge und höhere Stresstoleranz aufweisen (EPA 0305398).
Transgene Kulturpflanzen, die pharmazeutisch oder diagnostisch wichtige Proteine produzieren („molecular pharming")
transgene Kulturpflanzen, die sich durch höhere Erträge oder bessere
Qualität auszeichnen
transgene Kulturpflanzen die sich durch eine Kombinationen z. B. der o. g. neuen Eigenschaften auszeichnen („gene stacking")
Multiple transgene Kulturpflanzen können je nach Erfordernissen sowohl gegenüber Glufosinate, Glyphosate und/oder Imidazolinonen tolerant sein.
Zahlreiche molekularbiologische Techniken, mit denen neue transgene Pflanzen mit veränderten Eigenschaften hergestellt werden können, sind im Prinzip bekannt; siehe z. B. I. Potrykus und G. Spangenberg (eds.) Gene Transfer to Plants, Springer Lab Manual (1995), Springer Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, oder Christou, "Trends in Plant Science" 1 (1996) 423-431 ).
Für derartige gentechnische Manipulationen können Nucleinsäuremoleküle in Plasmide eingebracht werden, die eine Mutagenese oder eine Sequenzveränderung durch Rekombination von DNA-Sequenzen erlauben. Mit Hilfe von
Standardverfahren können z. B. Basenaustausche vorgenommen, Teilsequenzen entfernt oder natürliche oder synthetische Sequenzen hinzugefügt werden. Für die Verbindung der DNA-Fragmente untereinander können an die Fragmente Adaptoren oder Linker angesetzt werden, siehe z. B. Sambrook et al., 1989, Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, 2. Aufl. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY; oder Winnacker "Gene und Klone", VCH Weinheim 2. Auflage 1996.
Die Herstellung von Pflanzenzellen mit einer verringerten Aktivität eines
Genprodukts kann beispielsweise erzielt werden durch die Expression mindestens einer entsprechenden antisense-RNA, einer sense-RNA zur Erzielung eines
Cosuppressionseffekt.es oder die Expression mindestens eines entsprechend konstruierten Ribozyms, das spezifisch Transkripte des obengenannten
Genprodukts spaltet. Hierzu können zum einen DNA-Moleküle verwendet werden, die die gesamte codierende Sequenz eines Genprodukts einschließlich eventuell vorhandener flankierender Sequenzen umfassen, als auch DNA-Moleküle, die nur Teile der codierenden Sequenz umfassen, wobei diese Teile lang genug sein müssen, um in den Zellen einen antisense-Effekt zu bewirken. Möglich ist auch die Verwendung von DNA-Sequenzen, die einen hohen Grad an Homologie zu den codiereden
Sequenzen eines Genprodukts aufweisen, aber nicht vollkommen identisch sind.
Bei der Expression von Nucleinsäuremolekülen in Pflanzen kann das synthetisierte Protein in jedem beliebigen Kompartiment der pflanzlichen Zelle lokalisiert sein. Um aber die Lokalisation in einem bestimmten Kompartiment zu erreichen, kann z. B. die codierende Region mit DNA-Sequenzen verknüpft werden, die die Lokalisierung in einem bestimmten Kompartiment gewährleisten. Derartige Sequenzen sind dem Fachmann bekannt (siehe beispielsweise Braun et al., EMBO J. 1 1 (1992), 3219- 3227; Wolter et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA 85 (1988), 846-850; Sonnewald et al., Plant J. 1 (1991 ), 95-106). Die Expression der Nukleinsäuremoleküle kann auch in den Organellen der Pflanzenzellen stattfinden.
Die transgenen Pflanzenzellen können nach bekannten Techniken zu ganzen Pflanzen regeneriert werden. Bei den transgenen Pflanzen kann es sich prinzipiell um Pflanzen jeder beliebigen Pflanzenspezies handeln, d.h. sowohl monokotyle als auch dikotyle Pflanzen. So sind transgene Pflanzen erhältlich, die veränderte
Eigenschaften durch Überexpression, Suppression oder Inhibierung homologer (= natürlicher) Gene oder Gensequenzen oder Expression heterologer (= fremder) Gene oder Gensequenzen aufweisen.
Vorzugsweise können die erfindungsgemäßen Wirkstoffkombinationen in transgenen Kulturen eingesetzt werden, welche gegen die eingesetzten Wirkstoffe tolerant sind bzw. tolerant gemacht worden sind.
Vorzugsweise können die erfindungsgemäßen Wirkstoffkombinationen auch in transgenen Kulturen eingesetzt werden, welche gegen Wuchsstoffe, wie z. B.
Dicamba und 2,4-D oder gegen Herbizide, die essentielle Pflanzenenzyme, z. B. Acetyl-CoA Carboxylasen, Acetolactatsynthasen (ALS), EPSP Synthasen,
Glutaminsynthasen (GS) oder Hydoxyphenylpyruvat Dioxygenasen (HPPD) hemmen, respektive gegen Herbizide aus der Gruppe der
Phenoxyphenoxyessigsäuren (FOPs) Sulfonylharnstoffe, der Glyphosate,
Glufosinate oder Benzoylisoxazole und analogen Wirkstoffe, resistent sind.
Besonders bevorzugt können die erfindungsgemäßen Wirkstoffkombinationen in transgenen Kulturpflanzen eingesetzt werden, die gegen eine Kombination von
Glyphosaten und Glufosinaten, Glyphosaten und Sulfonylharnstoffen oder
Imidazolinonen resistent sind. Ganz besonders bevorzugt können die
erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungen in transgenen Kulturpflanzen wie z. B. Mais oder Soja mit dem Handelsnamen oder der Bezeichnung Optimum™ GAT™ (Glyphosate ALS Tolerant) eingesetzt werden.
Des weiteren und besonders bevorzugt können die erfindungsgemäßen
Verbindungen in transgenen Pflanzen, die gegen synthetische Auxine (z. B 2,4 D) mit„HRAC mode of action Class O" und Aryloxy-phenoxy Propionate (fops) mit „HRAC mode of action Class A" resistent sind (z. B. DHT, Dow Agroscience
Herbicide Tolerance Trait) eingesetzt werden, sowie eine Kombination dieser Resistenz mit Glyphosateresistenz.
Weiterhin besonders bevorzugt ist der Einsatz der erfindungsgemäßen
Wirkstoffkombinationen in Glyphosate und Dicamba resistenten Kulturpflanzen. Gegenstand der Erfindung ist deshalb auch ein Verfahren zur Bekämpfung von unerwünschtem Pflanzenwuchs, gegebenenfalls in Nutzpflanzenkulturen, vorzugsweise im Nichtkulturland oder in Plantagenkulturen, dadurch
gekennzeichnet, dass man ein oder mehrere Herbizide des Typs (A) mit einem oder mehreren Herbiziden des Typs (B) auf die Schadpflanzen, Pflanzenteile oder Pflanzensamen (Saatgut) davon oder die Anbaufläche appliziert.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist auch die Verwendung der neuen Kombinationen aus Verbindungen (A)+(B) zur Bekämpfung von Schadpflanzen, gegebenenfalls in Nutzpflanzenkulturen, vorzugsweise in Nichtkulturland und Plantagenkulturen.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Wirkstoffkombinationen können sowohl als
Mischformulierungen der zwei Komponenten, gegebenenfalls mit weiteren
Wirkstoffen, Zusatzstoffen und/oder üblichen Formulierungshilfsmitteln vorliegen, die dann in üblicher Weise mit Wasser verdünnt zur Anwendung gebracht werden, oder als sogenannte Tankmischungen durch gemeinsame Verdünnung der getrennt
formulierten oder partiell getrennt formulierten Komponenten mit Wasser hergestellt werden.
Die Verbindungen (A) und (B) oder deren Kombinationen können auf verschiedene Art formuliert werden, je nachdem welche biologischen und/oder chemischphysikalischen Parameter vorgegeben sind. Als allgemeine
Formulierungsmöglichkeiten kommen beispielsweise in Frage: Spritzpulver (WP), wasserlösliche Pulver (SP), emulgierbare Konzentrate (EC), wasserlösliche
Konzentrate, wäßrige Lösungen (SL), Emulsionen (EW) wie Öl-in-Wasser- und Wasser-in-ÖI-Emulsionen, versprühbare Lösungen oder Emulsionen, Dispersionen auf Öl- oder Wasserbasis, Öldispersionen (OD), Suspoemulsionen,
Suspensionskonzentrate (SC), ölmischbare Lösungen, Kapselsuspensionen (CS), Stäubemittel (DP), Beizmittel, Granulate zur Boden- oder Streuapplikation, Granulate (GR) in Form von Mikro-, Sprüh-, Aufzugs- und Adsorptionsgranulaten,
wasserdispergierbare Granulate (WG), wasserlösliche Granulate (SG), ULV- Formulierungen, Mikrokapseln oder Wachse.
Gegenstand der Erfindung sind deshalb auch herbizide und
pflanzenwachstumsregulierende Mittel, welche die erfindungsgemäßen
Wirkstoffkombinationen enthalten.
Die einzelnen Formulierungstypen sind im Prinzip bekannt und werden
beispielsweise beschrieben in: Winnacker-Küchler, "Chemische Technologie", Band 7, C. Hanser Verlag München, 4. Aufl. 1986; van Valkenburg, "Pesticides
Formulations", Marcel Dekker N.Y., 1973; K. Martens, "Spray Drying Handbook", 3rd Ed. 1979, G. Goodwin Ltd. London.
Die notwendigen Formulierungshilfsmittel wie Inertmaterialien, Tenside,
Lösungsmittel und weitere Zusatzstoffe sind ebenfalls bekannt und werden beispielsweise beschrieben in: Watkins, "Handbook of Insecticide Dust Diluents and Carriers", 2nd Ed., Darland Books, Caldwell N.J.; H.v. Olphen, "Introduction to Clay Colloid Chemistry"; 2nd Ed., J. Wiley & Sons, N.Y. Marsden, "Solvents Guide", 2nd
Ed., Interscience, N.Y. 1963; McCutcheon's, "Detergents and Emulsifiers Annual", MC Publ. Corp., Ridegewood N.J.; Sisley and Wood, "Encyclopedia of Surface Active Egents", Chem. Publ. Co. Inc., N.Y. 1964; Schönfeldt, "Grenzflächenaktive Äthylenoxidaddukte", Wiss. Verlagsgesellschaft, Stuttgart 1976, Winnacker-Küchler, "Chemische Technologie", Band 7, C. Hanser Verlag München, 4. Aufl. 1986.
Auf der Basis dieser Formulierungen lassen sich auch Kombinationen mit anderen Pestizid wirksamen Stoffen, wie anderen Herbiziden, Fungiziden, Insektiziden oder anderen Schädlingsbekämpfungsmitteln (z. B. Akarizide, Nematizide, Molluskizide, Rodentizide, Aphizide, Avizide, Larvizide, Ovizide, Bakterizide, Viruzide, etc.), sowie Safenern, Düngemitteln und/oder Wachstumsregulatoren herstellen, z.B. in Form einer Fertigformulierung oder als Tankmix.
Spritzpulver sind in Wasser gleichmäßig dispergierbare Präparate, die neben dem Wirkstoff außer einem Verdünnungs- oder Inertstoff noch Tenside ionischer und/oder nichtionischer Art (Netzmittel, Dispergiermittel), z.B. polyoxethylierte Alkylphenole, polyoxethylierte Fettalkohole, polyoxethylierte Fettamine,
Fettalkoholpolyglykolethersulfate, Alkansulfonate, Alkylbenzolsulfonate,
ligninsulfonsaures Natrium, 2,2'-dinaphthylmethan-6,6'-disulfonsaures Natrium, dibutylnaphthalin-sulfonsaures Natrium oder auch oleoylmethyltaurinsaures Natrium enthalten. Zur Herstellung der Spritzpulver werden die herbiziden Wirkstoffe beispielsweise in üblichen Apparaturen wie Hammermühlen, Gebläsemühlen und Luftstrahlmühlen feingemahlen und gleichzeitig oder anschließend mit den
Formulierungshilfsmitteln vermischt.
Emulgierbare Konzentrate werden durch Auflösen des Wirkstoffs in einem
organischen Lösungsmittel, z.B. Butanol, Cyclohexanon, Dimethylformamid, Xylol oder auch höhersiedenden Aromaten oder Kohlenwasserstoffe oder Mischungen der organischen Lösungsmittel unter Zusatz von einem oder mehreren Tensiden ionischer und/oder nichtionischer Art (Emulgatoren) hergestellt. Als Emulgatoren können beispielsweise verwendet werden: Alkylarylsulfonsaure Calcium-Salze wie Ca-Dodecylbenzolsulfonat oder nichtionische Emulgatoren wie
Fettsäurepolyglykolester, Alkylarylpolyglykolether, Fettalkoholpolyglykolether, Propylenoxid-Ethylenoxid-Kondensationsprodukte, Alkylpolyether, Sorbitanester wie z.B. Sorbitanfettsäureester oder wie z. B. Polyoxyethylensorbitanfettsäureester. Stäubemittel erhält man durch Vermählen des Wirkstoffs mit fein verteilten festen Stoffen, z.B. Talkum, natürlichen Tonen, wie Kaolin, Bentonit und Pyrophyllit, oder Diatomeenerde.
Suspensionskonzentrate können auf Wasser- oder Ölbasis sein. Sie können beispielsweise durch Naß-Vermahlung mittels handelsüblicher Perlmühlen und gegebenenfalls Zusatz von Tensiden, wie sie z.B. oben bei den anderen
Formulierungstypen bereits aufgeführt sind, hergestellt werden.
Emulsionen, z.B. ÖI-in-Wasser-Emulsionen (EW), lassen sich beispielsweise mittels Rührern, Kolloidmühlen und/oder statischen Mischern unter Verwendung von wäßrigen organischen Lösungsmitteln und gegebenenfalls Tensiden, wie sie z.B. oben bei den anderen Formulierungstypen bereits aufgeführt sind, herstellen.
Granulate können entweder durch Verdüsen des Wirkstoffes auf adsorptionsfähiges, granuliertes Inertmaterial hergestellt werden oder durch Aufbringen von
Wirkstoffkonzentraten mittels Klebemitteln, z.B. Polyvinylalkohol, polyacrylsaurem Natrium oder auch Mineralölen, auf die Oberfläche von Trägerstoffen wie Sand, Kaolinite oder von granuliertem Inertmaterial. Auch können geeignete Wirkstoffe in der für die Herstellung von Düngemittelgranulaten üblichen Weise - gewünschtenfalls in Mischung mit Düngemitteln - granuliert werden.
Wasserdispergierbare Granulate werden in der Regel nach Verfahren wie
Sprühtrocknung, Wirbelbett-Granulierung, Teller-Granulierung, Mischung mit
Hochgeschwindigkeitsmischern und Extrusion ohne festes Inertmaterial hergestellt.
Die agrochemischen Zubereitungen enthalten in der Regel 0,1 bis 99
Gewichtsprozent, insbesondere 0,2 bis 95 Gew.-%, Wirkstoffe der Typen (A) und/oder (B), wobei je nach Formulierungsart folgende Konzentrationen üblich sind: In Spritzpulvern beträgt die Wirkstoffkonzentration z.B. etwa 10 bis 95 Gew.-%, der Rest zu 100 Gew.-% besteht aus üblichen Formulierungsbestandteilen. Bei emulgierbaren Konzentraten kann die Wirkstoff konzentration etwa 1 bis 90 Gew.-%, betragen, vorzugsweise 5 bis 80 Gewichtsprozent.
Staubförmige Formulierungen enthalten meistens 5 bis 20 Gew.-% an Wirkstoff, versprühbare Lösungen enthalten etwa 0.05 bis 80, vorzugsweise 2 bis 50
Gewichtsprozent (Gew.-%) Wirkstoff.
Bei Granulaten wie dispergierbaren Granulaten hängt der Wirkstoffgehalt zum Teil davon ab, ob die wirksame Verbindung flüssig oder fest vorliegt und welche
Granulierhilsmittel und Füllstoffe verwendet werden. In der Regel liegt der Gehalt bei den in Wasser dispergierbaren Granulaten zwischen 1 und 95 Gew.-%,
vorzugsweise zwischen 10 und 80 Gew.-%.
Daneben enthalten die genannten Wirkstofformulierungen gegebenenfalls die jeweils üblichen Haft-, Netz-, Dispergier-, Emulgier-, Penetrations-, Konservierungs-, Frostschutz- und Lösungsmittel, Füll-, Färb- und Trägerstoffe, Entschäumer,
Verdunstungshemmer und Mittel, die den pH-Wert oder die Viskosität beeinflussen.
Zur Anwendung werden die in handelsüblicher Form vorliegenden Formulierungen gegebenenfalls in üblicher weise verdünnt, z.B. bei Spritzpulvern, emulgierbaren Konzentraten, Dispersionen und wasserdispergierbaren Granulaten mittels Wasser. Staubförmige Zubereitungen, Boden- bzw. Streugranulate, sowie versprühbare Lösungen werden vor der Anwendung üblicherweise nicht mehr mit weiteren inerten Stoffen verdünnt.
Die Wirkstoffe können auf die Pflanzen, Pflanzenteile, Pflanzensamen oder die Anbaufläche (Ackerboden) ausgebracht werden, vorzugsweise auf die grünen Pflanzen und Pflanzenteile und gegebenenfalls zusätzlich auf den Ackerboden. Eine Möglichkeit der Anwendung ist die gemeinsame Ausbringung der Wirkstoffe in Form von Tankmischungen, wobei die optimal formulierten konzentrierten
Formulierungen der Einzelwirkstoffe gemeinsam im Tank mit Wasser gemischt und die erhaltene Spritzbrühe ausgebracht wird.
Eine gemeinsame herbizide Formulierung der erfindungsgemäßen Kombination an Wirkstoffen (A) und (B) hat den Vorteil der leichteren Anwendbarkeit, weil die Mengen der Komponenten bereits im richtigen Verhältnis zueinander eingestellt sind. Außerdem können die Hilfsmittel in der Formulierung aufeinander optimal abgestimmt werden, während ein Tank-mix von unterschiedlichen Formulierungen unerwünschte Kombinationen von Hilfstoffen ergeben kann.
A. Formulierungsbeispiele allgemeiner Art a) Ein Stäubemittel wird erhalten, indem man 10 Gewichsteile (= Gew.-Teile) eines Wirkstoffs (A) oder (B) oder eines Wirkstoffgemischs (A) + (B) (und
gegebenenfalls weiterer Wirkstoffkomponenten) und/oder deren Salze und 90 Gew.- Teile Talkum als Inertstoff mischt und in einer Schlagmühle zerkleinert. b) Ein in Wasser leicht dispergierbares, benetzbares Pulver wird erhalten, indem man 25 Gew.-Teile eines Wirkstoffs/Wirkstoffgemischs, 64 Gew.-Teile kaolinhaltigen
Quarz als Inertstoff, 10 Gew.-Teile ligninsulfonsaures Kalium und 1 Gew.-Teil oleoylmethyltaurinsaures Natrium als Netz- und Dispergiermittel mischt und in einer Stiftmühle mahlt. c) Ein in Wasser leicht dispergierbares Dispersionskonzentrat wird erhalten, indem man 20 Gew.-Teile eines Wirkstoffs/Wirkstoffgemischs mit 6 Gew.-Teilen Alkylphenolpolyglykolether (©Triton X 207), 3 Gew.-Teilen
Isotridecanolpolyglykolether (8 EO) und 71 Gew.-Teilen paraffinischem Mineralöl (Siedebereich z.B. ca. 255 bis 277 °C) mischt und in einer Reibkugelmühle auf eine Feinheit von unter 5 Mikron vermahlt. d) Ein emulgierbares Konzentrat wird erhalten aus 15 Gew.-Teilen eines
Wirkstoffs/Wirkstoffgemischs, 75 Gew.-Teilen Cyclohexanon als Lösemittel und 10 Gew.-Teilen oxethyliertem Nonylphenol als Emulgator. e) Ein in Wasser dispergierbares Granulat wird erhalten indem man
75 Gew.-Teile eines Wirkstoffs/Wirkstoffgemischs,
10 Gew.-Teile ligninsulfonsaures Calcium,
5 Gew.-Teile Natriumlaurylsulfat,
3 Gew.-Teile Polyvinylalkohol und
7 Gew.-Teile Kaolin
mischt, auf einer Stiftmühle mahlt und das Pulver in einem Wirbelbett durch
Aufsprühen von Wasser als Granulierflüssigkeit granuliert. f) Ein in Wasser dispergierbares Granulat wird auch erhalten, indem man 25 Gew.-Teile eines Wirkstoffs/Wirkstoffgemischs,
5 Gew.-Teile 2,2'-dinaphthylmethan-6,6'-disulfonsaures Natrium,
2 Gew.-Teile oleoylmethyltaurinsaures Natrium,
1 Gew.-Teil Polyvinylalkohol,
17 Gew.-Teile Calciumcarbonat und
50 Gew.-Teile Wasser
auf einer Kolloidmühle homogenisiert und vorzerkleinert, anschließend auf einer Perlmühle mahlt und die so erhaltene Suspension in einem Sprühturm mittels einer Einstoffdüse zerstäubt und trocknet.
B. Biologische Beispiele
1 . Unkrautwirkung im Vorauflauf
Samen bzw. Rhizomstücke von mono- und dikotylen Unkrautpflanzen werden in Töpfen in sandiger Lehmerde ausgelegt und mit Erde abgedeckt. Die in Form von konzentrierten wäßrigen Lösungen, benetzbaren Pulvern oder
Emulsionskonzentraten formulierten Mittel werden dann als wäßrige Lösung, Suspension bzw. Emulsion mit einer Wasseraufwandmenge von umgerechnet 300 bis 800 l/ha in unterschiedlichen Dosierungen auf die Oberfläche der Abdeckerde appliziert. Nach der Behandlung werden die Töpfe im Gewächshaus aufgestellt und unter guten Wachstumsbedingungen für die Unkräuter gehalten. Die optische Bonitur der Pflanzen- bzw. Auflaufschäden erfolgt nach dem Auflaufen der
Versuchspflanzen nach einer Versuchszeit von 3 bis 4 Wochen im Vergleich zu unbehandelten Kontrollen. Wie die Testergebnisse zeigen, weisen die
erfindungsgemäßen Mittel eine gute herbizide Vorauflaufwirksamkeit gegen ein breites Spektrum von Ungräsern und Unkräutern auf. Bonitur und Bewertung der synergistischen Herbizidwirkungen:
Die herbizide Wirksamkeit der Wirkstoffe bzw. Wirkstoffmischungen wurde anhand der behandelten Töpfe (Böden) im Vergleich zu unbehandelten Kontrollen visuell bonitiert. Dabei wurde Schädigung und Entwicklung aller oberirdischen Pflanzenteile erfaßt. Die Bonitierung erfolgte nach einer Prozentskala (Beispielwerte: 100% Wirkung = alle Pflanzen abgestorben bzw. nicht aufgelaufen; 50 % Wirkung = 50% der Pflanzen und grünen Pflanzenteile abgestorben bzw. nicht aufgelaufen; 0 % Wirkung = keine erkennbare Wirkung = wie Kontrollparzelle). Die Boniturwerte von jeweils 2 Wiederholungen (Töpfen) wurden gemittelt. Bei der Anwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Kombinationen werden häufig herbizide Wirkungen an einer Schadpflanzenspezies beobachtet, die die formale Summe der Wirkungen der enthaltenen Herbizide bei alleiniger Applikation übertreffen. Alternativ
kann in manchen Fällen beobachtet werden, dass eine geringere Aufwandmenge für die Herbizid-Kombination benötigt wird, um im Vergleich zu den Einzelpräparaten dieselbe Wirkung bei einer Schadpflanzenspezies zu erzielen. Derartige
Wirkungssteigerungen bzw. Effektivitätssteigerungen oder Einsparungen an
Aufwandmenge sind ein starker Hinweis auf synergistische Wirkung.
Wenn die beobachteten Wirkungswerte bereits die formale Summe der Werte zu den Versuchen mit Einzelapplikationen übertreffen, dann übertreffen sie den
Erwartungswert nach Colby ebenfalls, der sich nach folgender Formel errechnet und ebenfalls als Hinweis auf Synergismus angesehen wird (vgl. S. R. Colby; in Weeds 15 (1967) S. 20 bis 22):
E = A+B-(A-B/100)
Dabei bedeuten:
A = Wirkung des Wirkstoffs (A) in % bei einer Aufwandmenge von a g AS/ha; B = Wirkung des Wirkstoffs (B) in % bei einer Aufwandmenge von b g AS/ha; E = Erwartungswert der Wirkung der Kombination (A)+(B) in % bei der
kombinierten Aufwandmenge a+b g AS/ha.
Die beobachteten Werte der Versuche zeigen bei geeigneten niedrigen Dosierungen eine Wirkung der Kombinationen, die über den Erwartungswerten nach Colby liegen.
2. Unkrautwirkung im Nachauflauf
Samen bzw. Rhizomstücke von mono- und dikotylen Unkräutern werden in Töpfen in sandigem Lehmboden ausgelegt, mit Erde abgedeckt und im Gewächshaus unter guten Wachstumsbedingungen (Temperatur, Luftfeuchtigkeit, Wasserversorgung) angezogen. Drei Wochen nach der Aussaat werden die Versuchspflanzen im
Dreiblattstadium mit den erfindungsgemäßen Mitteln behandelt. Die als Spritzpulver bzw. als Emulsionskonzentrate formulierten erfindungsgemäßen Mittel werden in verschiedenen Dosierungen mit einer Wasseraufwandmenge von umgerechnet 300 bis 800 l/ha auf die grünen Pflanzenteile gesprüht. Nach ca. 3 bis 4 Wochen
Standzeit der Versuchspflanzen im Gewächshaus unter optimalen
Wachstumsbedingungen wird die Wirkung der Präparate optisch im Vergleich zu
unbehandelten Kontrollen bonitiert (Bonitur wie in Beispiel 1 ). Die
erfindungsgemäßen Mittel weisen auch im Nachauflauf eine gute herbizide
Wirksamkeit gegen ein breites Spektrum wirtschaftlich wichtiger Ungräser und Unkräuter auf.
Dabei werden häufig Wirkungen der erfindungsgemäßen Kombinationen beobachtet, die die formale Summe der Wirkungen bei Einzelapplikation der Herbizide
übertreffen. Die beobachteten Werte der Versuche zeigen bei geeigneten niedrigen Dosierungen eine Wirkung der Kombinationen, die über den Erwartungswerten nach Colby (vgl. Bonitur in Beispiel 1 ) liegen.
3. Herbizide Wirkung im Vor- und Nachauflauf (Feldversuche)
Entsprechend den Gewächshausversuchen der Abschnitte 1 und 2 wurden die Versuche auf Parzellen in Freiland durchgeführt. Die Bonitur erfolgte analog den Versuchen in Abschnitten 1 und 2.
4. Herbizide Wirkung und Kulturpflanzenverträglichkeit (Feldversuche) Kulturpflanzen wurden im Freiland auf Parzellen unter natürlichen
Freilandbedingungen herangezogen, wobei Samen oder Rhizomstücke von typischen Schadpflanzen ausgelegt worden waren bzw. die natürliche
Verunkrautung genutzt wurde. Die Behandlung mit den erfindungsgemäßen Mitteln erfolgte nach dem Auflaufen der Schadpflanzen und der Kulturpflanzen in der Regel im 2 bis 4-Blattstadium; teilweise (wie angegeben) erfolgte die Applikation einzelner Wirkstoffe oder Wirkstoffkombinationen preemergent oder als Sequenzbehandlung teilweise preemergent und/oder postemergent.
Im Falle von Plantagenkulturen wurde in der Regel nur der Boden zwischen den einzelnen Kulturpflanzen mit den Wirkstoffen behandelt.
Nach der Anwendung, z. B. 2, 4, 6 und 8 Wochen nach Applikation wurde die Wirkung der Präparate optisch im Vergleich zu unbehandelten Kontrollen bonitiert (vgl. Bonitur in Beispiel 1 ). Die erfindungsgemäßen Mittel weisen auch im
Feldversuch eine synergistische herbizide Wirksamkeit gegen ein breites Spektrum wirtschaftlich wichtiger Ungräser und Unkräuter auf. Der Vergleich zeigte, dass die erfindungsgemäßen Kombinationen meist mehr, teilweise erheblich mehr herbizide Wirkung aufweisen als die Summe der Wirkungen der Einzelherbizide und weist deshalb auf einen Synergismus hin. Außerdem lagen die Wirkungen in wesentlichen Abschnitten des Boniturzeitraums über den Erwartungswerten nach Colby (vgl. Bonitur in Beispiel 1 ) und weisen deshalb ebenfalls auf einen Synergismus hin. Die Kulturpflanzen dagegen wurden infolge der Behandlungen mit den herbiziden Mitteln nicht oder nur unwesentlich geschädigt.
5. Spezielle Versuchsbeispiele
Folgenden Abkürzungen werden in der Beschreibung und den nachfolgenden Tabellen verwendet:
g AS/ha = Gramm Aktivsubstanz (= 100% Wirkstoff) pro Hektar;
Die Summe der Wirkungen der Einzelapplikationen ist unter EA angegeben;
Erwartungswerte nach Colby wären unter Ec anzugeben;
5.1 Beispiele
Tabelle 1 : Herbizide Wirkung von Saflufenacil - amorphe Form vs. Hydrat-Form - in Kombination mit Glufosinate-ammonium
Das in Tabelle 1 zusammengefasste Beispiel zeigt, dass die Kombination aus Glufosinate und amorphen Saflufenacil bei der Bekämpfung von Unkräutern in ihrer Wirkung lediglich additiv sind.
Dagegen zeigt die Herbizid-Kombination, welche die Hydrate von Saflufenacil (Ba) und Glufosinate in der jeweils gleichen Dosierung enthält einen deutlich
synergistischen Effekt. Während die Addition der Einzelwirkungen der
entsprechenden Dosierung bei der Anwendung zur Bekämpfung von Digitaria sanguinalis deren Kontrolle zu 15 % erreichen, führt die kombinierte Anwendung von Glufosinate und einem Hydrat von Saflufenacil (Ba) zu einem Bekämpfungserfolg des Unkrauts von 40 %, d.h. die erfindungsgemäße Kombination führt im Vergleich zur Addition der Einzelwirkung zu einer synergistischen Wirkungssteigerung von 25 %.
Tabelle 2a: Herbizide Wirkung von Saflufenacil (amorph) vs. Saflufenacil (Hydrat- Form) jeweils in Kombination mit Glyphosate-isopropylammonium
Tabelle 2a fasst die herbizide Wirkung einer Kombination, die Glyphosate- isopropylammonium (A1 b) und ein Hydrat von Saflufenacil (Ba) enthält, zusammen. Bei der Anwendung zur Bekämpfung von Cirsium arvense zeigt die Kombination, die Glyphosate und die amorphe Form von Saflufenacil enthält, eine nur schwach synergistische Wirkungssteigerung von 5 % im Vergleich zur Addition der
Einzelwirkungen bei der entsprechenden Dosierung.
Dagegen zeigt die Glyphosate und ein Hydrat von Saflufenacil (Ba) enthaltende Zusammensetzung eine Wirkungssteigerung von 24 % im Vergleich zu der zu erwartenden Summe der Einzelwirkungen.
Tabelle 2b: Herbizide Wirkung gegen dikotyle Unkrautarten - Saflufenacil (Hydrat- Form) in Kombination mit Glyphosate-isopropylammonium
Tabelle 2b fasst die herbizide Wirkung einer Kombination, die Glyphosate- isopropylammonium (A1 b) und ein Hydrat von Saflufenacil (Ba) enthält, für weitere dikotyle Unkrautarten zusammen.
Die Durchführung entspricht den Angaben in dem Abschnitt B. Biologische Beispiele, wobei die Wirkstoffapplikation im 2-3-Blattstadium erfolgte und die Auswertung 28 Tage nach Applikation durchgeführt wurde.
Der mit EA bezeichnete, nach der Additionsmethode berechnete, Erwartungswert liegt in allen Beispielen unter dem tatsächlich ermittelten Wert der herbizden
Wirkung.
Am höchsten ist die synergistische Wirkungssteigung der aus den Wirkstoffen (A1 b) + (Ba) bestehenden Wirkstoffkombination im Falle von Euphorbia heterophylla.
Tabelle 2c: Herbizide Wirkung gegen monokotyle Unkrautarten - Saflufenacil (Hydrat-Form) in Kombination mit Glyphosate-isopropylammonium
Tabelle 2c fasst die herbizide Wirkung einer Kombination, die Glyphosate- isopropylammonium (A1 b) und ein Hydrat von Saflufenacil (Ba) enthält, für monkotyle Unkrautarten (Ungräser) zusammen.
Die Durchführung entspricht den Angaben in dem Abschnitt B. Biologische Beispiele, wobei die Wirkstoffapplikation im 1 -2-Blattstadium erfolgte und die Auswertung 28 Tage nach Applikation durchgeführt wurde.
Der mit EA bezeichnete, nach der Additionsmethode berechnete, Erwartungswert liegt in allen Beispielen unter dem tatsächlich ermittelten Wert der herbizden
Wirkung. Die synergistische Wirkungssteigung der aus den Wirkstoffen (A1 b) + (Ba) bestehenden Wirkstoffkombination ist in beiden Beispielen hoch.
Tabelle 3: Herbizide Wirkung einer Kombination aus drei Wirkstoffen
Tabelle 3 fasst die herbizide Wirkung einer Kombination aus drei Wirkstoffen, nämlich Glyphosate-isopropylammonium (A1 b), ein Hydrat von Saflufenacil (Ba) und Imazamox (C18) zusammen. Bei der Anwendung zur Bekämpfung von Bidens pinata zeigt die Kombination, die Glyphosate und die amorphe Form von Saflufenacil enthält, eine synergistische Wirkungssteigerung von 35 % im Vergleich zur Addition der Einzelwirkungen bei der entsprechenden Dosierung, während der Wirkstoff Imazamox (C18) alleine keine herbizide Wirkung zeigt.
Dagegen zeigt die Glyphosate, ein Hydrate von Saflufenacil (Ba) und zusätzlich Imazamox (C18) enthaltende Zusammensetzung eine Wirkungssteigerung von sogar 49 % im Vergleich zu der zu erwartenden Summe der Einzelwirkungen.
Tabelle 4a: Dosierung und Gewichtsverhältnisse der Komponenten für die Kombinationen (A) + (B)
Tabelle 4a fasst bevorzugte Mischungsverhältnisse für die Kombinationen (A) + (B) und die entsprechenden Dosierungen in g AS/ha zusammen.
Tabelle 4b: Dosierung und Gewichtsverhältnisse der Komponenten für die
Kombinationen (A) + (B) + (C)
Tabelle 4b fasst bevorzugte Mischungsverhältnisse für die Kombinationen (A) + (B) + (C) und die entsprechenden Dosierungen in g AS/ha zusammen.
Claims
1 . Herbizid-Kombination enthaltend
a) mindestens ein Herbizid (A) ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus
- Glyphosate (A1 ) dessen agrochemisch verträglichen Salze, und
- Glufosinate (A2) dessen agrochemisch verträglichen Salze, und b) ein Herbizid (B), das ein Hydrat der Verbindung 2-Chlor-5-[3,6-dihydro-3- methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluormethyl)-1 -(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-4-fluor-N-[[methyl- (1 -methylethyl)amino]sulfonyl]benzamid ist.
2. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei Komponente (B) um Hydrate handelt, die 0,8 bis 1 ,2 mol Wasser, bezogen auf 1 Mol 2-Chlor-5-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluormethyl)-1 -(2H)-pyrimidinyl]- 4-fluor-N-[[methyl-(1 -methylethyl)amino]sulfonyl]benzamid, enthalten.
3. Zusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch
gekennzeichnet, dass die Komponente (B) einen Schmelzpunkt im Bereich von 100 bis 140°C aufweist.
4. Zusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch
gekennzeichnet, dass die Komponente (B) einen Gehalt an 2-Chlor-5-[3,6-dihydro-3- methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluormethyl)-1 -(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-4-fluor-N-[[methyl-(1 - methylethyl)amino]sulfonyl]benzamid von wenigstens 94 Gew.-%, bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge der im Hydrat enthaltenen organischen Bestandteile aufweist.
5. Zusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch
gekennzeichnet, dass die Komponente (B) in einem Röntgenpulverdiffraktogramm bei 25°C und Cu-Ka-Strahlung zumindest einen Reflex bei dem 20-Wert 1 1 ,6 ± 0,2° zeigt.
6. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Komponente (B) in einem Röntgenpulverdiffraktogramm zusätzlich wenigstens drei der folgenden, als 20-Werte angegebenen Reflexe zeigt: 5,1 ± 0,2°, 10,1 ± 0,2°, 10,8 ± 0,2°, 13,9 ± 0,2°, 15,1 ± 0,2°, 16,1 ± 0,2°, 17,9 ± 0,2°, 20,2 ± 0,2°, 24,5 ± 0,2°.
7. Zusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch
gekennzeichnet, dass Komponente (B) in einem Röntgenpulverdiffraktogramm bei 25°C und Cu-Ka-Strahlung zumindest einen Reflex bei dem 20-Wert 12,1 ± 0,2°C zeigt.
8. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
Komponente (B) wenigstens drei der folgenden, als 29-Werte angegebenen Reflexe zeigt: 5,2 ± 0,2°, 10,2 ± 0,2°, 10,9 ± 0,2°, 14,0 ± 0,2°, 14,6 ± 0,2°, 15,3 ± 0,2°, 19,2 ± 0,2°, 19,9 ± 0,2°, 20,5 ± 0,2°, 24,7 ± 0,2°, 26,7 ± 0,2°, 27,8 ± 0,2°.
9. Zusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch
gekennzeichnet, dass das Gewichtsverhältnis von Komponente (A) zu Komponente (B) zwischen 1600:1 bis 1 :10, vorzugsweise zwischen 800:1 bis 1 :5, ist.
10. Herbizid-Kombination nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, enthaltend einen wirksamen Gehalt an Komponenten (A) und (B) und eine oder mehrere weitere Komponenten (C) aus der Gruppe agrochemischer Wirkstoffe anderer Art, im
Pflanzenschutz übliche Zusatzstoffe und Formulierungshilfsmittel.
1 1 . Herbizid-Kombination nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die weitere(n) Komponente(n) (C) ausgewählt sind aus der Gruppe bestehend aus amicarbazone (C1 ), amidosulfuron (C2), bicyclopyrone (C3), carfentrazone (C4), chlorimuron (C5), clefoxydim (C6), clethodim (C7), 2,4 D (C8), dicamba (C9), diflufenzopyr (C10), dimethenamid-P (DNTA-P) (C1 1 ), demethenamid (C12), ethoxysulfuron (C13), fenoxaprop-P-ethyl (C14), flufenacet (C15), flucarbazone (C16), foramsulfuron (C17), imazamox (C18), imazapic (C19), imazaquin (C20), imazethapyr (C21 ), indaziflam (C22), iodosulfuron-methyl (-sodium) (C23), isoxaflutole (IFT) (C24), mesotrione (C25), metazachlor (C26), mesosulfuron (C27), nicosulfuron (C28), pendimethalin (C29), picolinafen (C30), profoxydim (C31 ), propoxycarbazone (C32), pyroxasulfone (C33), rimsulfuron (C34), sulfentrazone (C35), tembotrione (C36), thifensulfuron (C37), thiencarbazone (C38), topramezone (C39), tribenuron (C40),
methyl 4-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)pyridine-2- carboxylate [CAS RN 943831 -98-9] (C41 );
4-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid [CAS RN 943832-60-8] (C42);
ein agrochemisch verträgliches Salz der Verbindung 2-iodo-N-[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-
1 ,3,5-triazin-2-yl)carbonyl]benzensulfonamid (C43); und
ein agrochemisch verträgliches Salz von den Verbindungen der Formel (II)
in welcher A Stickstoff der eine CR1 1 Gruppe ist,
wobei
R11 Wasserstoff, Alkyl, Halogen oder Haloalkyl ist, Wasserstoff oder ein jeweils gegebenenfalls substituierter Rest ausgwählt aus der Gruppe aus Alkyl, Alkoxy, Alkoxyalkyl, Alkenyl, Alkynyl, Cycloalkyl, Cycloalkylalkyl, Aralkyl und Aryl ist,
Wasserstoff, Halogen oder ein jeweils gegebenenfalls halogen-substituiertes Alkyl, Alkoxy, Alkylthio, Alkylamino oder Dialkylamino mit jeweils 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen ist,
Wasserstoff, Halogen oder ein jeweils gegebenenfalls Halogen-substituiertes Alkyl, Alkoxy, Alkylthio, Alkylamino oder Dialkylamino mit jeweils 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen ist,
R7 unabhängig voneinander Wasserstoff, Halogen, Cyano, Thiocyanato oder jeweils gegebenenfalls Halogen-substituiertes Alkyl, Alkoxy, Alkylthio, Alkylsulfinyl, AI kylsulfonyl, Alkylamino, Alkylcarbonyl, Alkoxycarbonyl,
Alkylaminocarbonyl mit jeweils 1 bis 3 Kohlenstoffatomen sind,
Wasserstoff, Halogen, Cyano, Thiocyanato oder jeweils gegebenenfalls Halogen-substituiertes Alkyl, Alkoxy, Alkylthio, Alkylsulfinyl, Alkylsulfonyl, Alkylamino, Alkylcarbonyl, Alkoxycarbonyl, Alkylaminocarbonyl mit jeweils 1 bis 3 Kohlenstoffatomen ist, wobei in den oben genannten Radikalen die Alkyl und Alkylen-Gruppen jeweils 1 - 6 Kohlenstoffatome, die Alkyl und Alkynyl-Gruppen jeweils 2 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatome, die Cycloalkyl-Gruppen jeweils 3 - 6 Kohlenstoffatome und die Aryl-Gruppen jeweils 6 oder 10 aufweisen.
12. Zusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 10 und 1 1 , dadurch
gekennzeichnet, dass das Gewichtsverhältnis der Anteile von Komponente (A) zu Komponente (B) zu Komponente (C) zwischen 1600: 1 : 1600 bis 1 : 10 : 0,05 , vorzugsweise zwischen 800 : 1 : 0,4 bis 1 : 5 : 200 ist.
13. Verfahren zur Bekämpfung von unerwünschtem Pflanzenwuchs, worin die Herbizide (A), (B) und (C) der Herbizid-Kombination, definiert gemäß einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, gemeinsam oder getrennt appliziert werden, vorzugsweise auf die Pflanzen, das Saatgut oder die Fläche auf der die Pflanzen wachsen.
14. Verwendung einer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12 definierten Herbizid- Kombination zur Bekämpfung von unerwünschtem Pflanzenwuchs.
15. Verwendung nach Anspruch 14 zur selektiven Bekämpfung von
Schadpflanzen in Pflanzenkulturen oder zur nicht-selektiven Bekämpfung von Schadpflanzen.
16. Verwendung nach Anspruch 15 zur selektiven oder zur nicht-selektiven Bekämpfung von Schadstoffpflanzen im Vorauflauf oder im Nachauflauf in multiplen transgenen oder mutagenen Kulturen wie Mais, Soja, Baumwolle, Raps, Reis, Zuckerrüben und Getreide.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP11704457A EP2538786A2 (de) | 2010-02-26 | 2011-02-22 | Herbizide zusammensetzung enthaltend die hydrate von saflufenacil und glyphosate oder glufosinate |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10001998 | 2010-02-26 | ||
| PCT/EP2011/052558 WO2011104213A2 (de) | 2010-02-26 | 2011-02-22 | Herbizide zusammensetzung enthaltend die hydrate von saflufenacil und glyphosate oder glufosinate |
| EP11704457A EP2538786A2 (de) | 2010-02-26 | 2011-02-22 | Herbizide zusammensetzung enthaltend die hydrate von saflufenacil und glyphosate oder glufosinate |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2538786A2 true EP2538786A2 (de) | 2013-01-02 |
Family
ID=42174582
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP11704457A Withdrawn EP2538786A2 (de) | 2010-02-26 | 2011-02-22 | Herbizide zusammensetzung enthaltend die hydrate von saflufenacil und glyphosate oder glufosinate |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8716184B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2538786A2 (de) |
| AR (1) | AR081724A1 (de) |
| BR (1) | BR112012021495B1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2011104213A2 (de) |
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| KR101131038B1 (ko) * | 2011-12-01 | 2012-03-29 | 주식회사 영일케미컬 | 글라이포세이트를 함유하는 안정한 수성현탁액 제초제 조성물 |
| CN103828838B (zh) * | 2012-11-27 | 2016-08-24 | 浙江天丰生物科学有限公司 | 一种除草剂组合物 |
| CN103283778A (zh) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-09-11 | 肇庆市真格生物科技有限公司 | 一种包含草铵膦和苯嘧磺草胺的除草组合物 |
| CN103392732B (zh) * | 2013-06-30 | 2016-05-11 | 广东中迅农科股份有限公司 | 含有草铵膦和苯嘧磺草胺的除草组合物 |
| RU2653074C2 (ru) | 2013-07-12 | 2018-05-07 | Байер Кропсайенс Акциенгезельшафт | Гербицидная комбинация, содержащая гербицидноактивные жирные кислоты и ингибитор ацетолактатсинтазы |
| WO2016083277A1 (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-06-02 | BASF Agro B.V. | Herbicidal mixtures for controlling herbicide-resistant dicotyledonous plants |
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| CN106135226B (zh) * | 2015-04-24 | 2021-05-18 | 江苏龙灯化学有限公司 | 一种除草组合物 |
| CN110583678A (zh) * | 2015-04-24 | 2019-12-20 | 江苏龙灯化学有限公司 | 复配除草剂组合物 |
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| AU2016292524B2 (en) | 2015-07-10 | 2020-05-28 | BASF Agro B.V. | Herbicidal composition comprising cinmethylin and saflufenacil |
| EA201890258A1 (ru) | 2015-07-10 | 2018-07-31 | Басф Агро Б.В. | Гербицидная композиция, которая содержит цинметилин и специфические ингибиторы синтеза пигментов |
| US11219215B2 (en) | 2015-07-10 | 2022-01-11 | BASF Agro B.V. | Herbicidal composition comprising cinmethylin and specific inhibitors of protoporphyrinogen oxidase |
| US20180192647A1 (en) | 2015-07-10 | 2018-07-12 | BASF Agro B.V. | Herbicidal composition comprising cinmethylin and acetochlor or pretilachlor |
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| BR112022014855A2 (pt) | 2020-01-31 | 2022-09-20 | Basf Se | Combinação de herbicidas, composição, métodos de produção de combinações herbicidas, de tratamento ou proteção de plantas produtoras em fileiras e de tratamento ou proteção de plantas especializadas e uso da combinação de herbicidas |
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| AU2021360993A1 (en) | 2020-10-12 | 2023-05-18 | Basf Se | Herbicide combination comprising glufosinate, saflufenacil and trifludimoxazin |
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- 2011-02-22 EP EP11704457A patent/EP2538786A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-02-22 BR BR112012021495A patent/BR112012021495B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2011-02-22 WO PCT/EP2011/052558 patent/WO2011104213A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2011-02-24 AR ARP110100568A patent/AR081724A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2011-02-24 US US13/034,631 patent/US8716184B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2011104213A2 (de) | 2011-09-01 |
| BR112012021495B1 (pt) | 2018-08-28 |
| WO2011104213A3 (de) | 2011-11-10 |
| US20110212837A1 (en) | 2011-09-01 |
| US8716184B2 (en) | 2014-05-06 |
| BR112012021495A2 (pt) | 2015-09-22 |
| AR081724A1 (es) | 2012-10-17 |
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