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EP2464835B1 - Commande variable pour actionner des soupapes de changement des gaz sur des moteurs à combustion interne - Google Patents

Commande variable pour actionner des soupapes de changement des gaz sur des moteurs à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2464835B1
EP2464835B1 EP10760231.0A EP10760231A EP2464835B1 EP 2464835 B1 EP2464835 B1 EP 2464835B1 EP 10760231 A EP10760231 A EP 10760231A EP 2464835 B1 EP2464835 B1 EP 2464835B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cam
switching
valve train
sleeves
disposed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10760231.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2464835A2 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Werler
Thomas Arnold
Heiko Neukirchner
Jörg Wutzler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IAV GmbH Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto und Verkehr
Original Assignee
IAV GmbH Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto und Verkehr
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IAV GmbH Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto und Verkehr filed Critical IAV GmbH Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto und Verkehr
Publication of EP2464835A2 publication Critical patent/EP2464835A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2464835B1 publication Critical patent/EP2464835B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F01L13/0042—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams being profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a variable valve train for internal combustion engines for actuating gas exchange valves with the features mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the disadvantage here is the high space requirement, which is needed to adjust the cam carrier. These solutions are therefore only applicable at relatively large cylinder spacings to accommodate the corresponding components can. Another disadvantage is the high mass forces that occur during the adjustment process, which are needed to move the cam carrier or the adjusting organs. Switching over to a corresponding cam contour can only be done in a cylinder-selective manner. Valve-selective switching is not possible.
  • the DE 100 54 623 A1 describes a device for switching a cam carrier on a camshaft for actuating gas exchange valves, in which the cam carrier is guided axially displaceably on the camshaft. According to the position of the cam carrier, the gas exchange valve is in operative connection with different cam contours.
  • the control element is a radially outwardly displaceable pin, which is connected to at least two in a by about 180 ° around the cam carrier arranged around guide part formed link tracks in the extended state cooperates.
  • a disadvantage of this solution in addition to the additional space for the guide member is that extended to switch to another cam contour of the pin from the camshaft and must be meshed in an axially displaceable shift gate. After switching, the pin must be retracted. This design is very part and production-consuming and there is a risk of damage to the camshaft by faulty circuits of the pin.
  • Another disadvantage is that the motor speed is limited by the necessary actuating time of the pin. In addition, the adjustment depends on the existing oil pressure.
  • the disadvantage of this solution is that only a plurality of cam carriers arranged on the cam carrier can be moved simultaneously by the axial displacement of the adjusting. A different circuit of individual cam carriers on a camshaft is not possible.
  • Another disadvantage is that at a switching position in which an outer cam is engaged with the gas exchange valves, the spring element is constantly stretched. As a result, high lateral frictional forces occur between the driving piece and the guideway arranged on the adjusting member. An increased wear and associated possible faulty circuits are the result.
  • a further disadvantage is that the acting spring forces must be set accurately to faulty circuits, in particular when switching back to the central cam profile with three different cam profiles, to avoid.
  • valve train for actuating gas exchange valves of internal combustion engines.
  • the displacement of the cam carrier for valve switching on the camshaft tube is effected by a rotatable switching shaft arranged in the interior of the camshaft tube.
  • the switching shaft is provided with a switching contour having an axial slope.
  • a switching ball is guided, which is mounted in a bore of a switching shaft surrounding the axially displaceable shift sleeve.
  • the switching sleeve is connected via a driver with the cam carrier in operative connection.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a variable valve train for actuating gas exchange valves of internal combustion engines, which is characterized by a simplified structure while reducing the friction forces occurring.
  • the valve drive according to the invention for internal combustion engines for actuating gas exchange valves consists of a driven by a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine camshaft, which is formed of a plurality of individual mutually axially displaceable cam sleeves.
  • On each cam sleeve several different cam profiles are arranged with the same base circle section, which can be brought by displacement of the individual cam sleeves with the gas exchange valves engaged.
  • a co-rotating with the cam sleeves switching shaft is arranged, which is connected via a switching ball with the respective cam sleeve in operative connection.
  • the switching balls are each fixedly mounted in each cam sleeve and sliding in a arranged on the switching shaft switching contour.
  • the switching shaft is connected via a gear with a non-rotatably on the cam sleeve but axially displaceable sliding piece.
  • a fixedly arranged on the housing of the internal combustion engine actuator can be brought into operative connection with the sliding piece for generating a Relatiwerpitung the shift shaft relative to the cam sleeves.
  • the advantage of the solution according to the invention consists in a simple design of the actuator for safe valve switching between different cam profiles of the camshaft at the same time the friction occurring between the individual components has been reduced.
  • FIG. 1 a portion of a valve train of an internal combustion engine.
  • the valve drive for actuating gas exchange valves consists of a driven by a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine camshaft, which is formed of a plurality of individual mutually axially displaceable cam sleeves 7.
  • Each cylinder of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine is associated with an axially displaceable cam sleeve 7, with which, according to the embodiment, two gas exchange valves of a cylinder through the both arranged on the cam sleeve 7 cam profiles 9 can be operated.
  • the cam sleeve 7 has at a same base circle portion 10 a plurality of differently shaped cam profiles 9a, 9b and 9c, which are brought to Ventilhubumsciens either by moving the cam sleeve 7 respectively directly or via non-illustrated intermediate members with a respective gas exchange valve in contact.
  • each cam sleeve 7 has two cam profiles 9, each having a small cam profile 9a, a central cam profile 9b and a large cam profile 9c for actuating the two gas exchange valves.
  • the cam profiles 9 of each cam sleeve 7 are formed from only two or more than three different sized cam profiles. To achieve a phase shift between the different cam profiles 9a, 9b and 9c, the curves of the cam profiles 9a, 9b and 9c can be arranged offset to one another.
  • the individual mutually axially displaceable cam sleeves 7 are connected to each other by an axially extending toothing 8.
  • the cam sleeves 7 are formed such that the teeth 8 of the respectively adjacent cam sleeves 7a and 7b are formed engaging one another. This ensures that the individual cam sleeves 7 are mutually axially displaceable and rotatably connected to each other.
  • a switching shaft 1 is arranged, which rotates, except during the switching process, synchronously with the cam sleeves 7.
  • Each cam sleeve 7 is connected via a switching ball 3 with the switching shaft 1 in operative connection.
  • the switching ball 3 is slidably mounted in a hemispherically shaped receptacle of the respective cam sleeve 7 and in a arranged on the switching shaft 1 switching contour 2.
  • the arranged on the surface of the switching shaft 1 for each cam sleeve 7 switching contour 2 is provided with an axial slope. Due to the axial slope is formed on the surface of the switching shaft 1, a spirally formed switching contour 2, the respective beginning of the switching shaft 1, according to the axial displacements of the individual switching sleeves 7, equal or circumferentially offset from one another.
  • the individual axial slopes of the arranged for each cam sleeve 7 switching contour 2 on the circumference of the switching shaft 1 are arranged offset from each other.
  • this variant is shown. With a simultaneous axial displacement the individual cam sleeves 7 are the individual axial slopes of the arranged for each cam sleeve 7 switching contour 2 on the circumference of the switching shaft 1 in the same axial plane.
  • the shift shaft 1 is according to FIG. 1 connected via a threaded spindle 4 with a cam sleeve 7 on a rotationally fixed but axially displaceable sliding piece 5.
  • the connection between cam sleeve 7 and sliding piece 5 takes place via an intermeshing axial toothing 13.
  • the threaded spindle 4 of the switching shaft 1 is formed as a helical toothing and engages in the correspondingly formed toothing of the sliding piece 5 a.
  • the sliding piece 5 can be brought into operative connection with a housing of the internal combustion engine firmly connected actuator 6.
  • a pin 11 arranged on the actuator 6 engages in the contour 12 arranged on the circumference of the displacement piece 5.
  • the sliding piece 5 is displaceable axially on the first cam sleeve 7 in both directions according to the double arrow shown in the drawing.
  • FIG. 2 is a variant of the connection of the switching shaft 1 with the on a cam sleeve 7 axially displaceable sliding piece 5 shown.
  • the connection of the shift shaft 1 with the sliding piece 5 takes place here via a cam mechanism.
  • the cam mechanism consists of a arranged on the circumference of the switching shaft 1 switching contour 14 in the sliding a switching ball 15 is mounted, which in turn is mounted in a arranged on the inner circumference of the sliding piece 5 hemispherical receptacle.
  • the displacement of the sliding piece 5 is also effected by an actuator 6.
  • variable valve train for realizing a changeover between the different cam profiles 9a, 9b and 9c is as follows.
  • the cam sleeves 7, the control shaft 1 and the displacement piece 5 rotate at synchronous speed.
  • the actuator 6 is not engaged with the sliding piece 5.
  • a changeover to another cam profile can only be performed when the base circle portion 10 is in engagement with the gas exchange valve or the intermediate member.
  • the actuator 6 is activated by a corresponding control and brought into engagement with the sliding piece 5. In the described embodiment, this takes place in that a pin 11 is extended in the direction of the sliding piece 5 and engages in the contour 12 arranged on the circumference of the sliding piece 5.
  • the sliding piece 5 is displaced axially on the cam sleeve 7 by the pin 11 sliding in the contour 12 to the right or to the left, according to the switching operation to be carried out.
  • the axial movement of the sliding piece 5 is translated into a rotation of the switching shaft 1. Due to the relative rotation of the switching ball 3 slides in the path of the switching contour 2.
  • the switching contours 2 According to the realized relative rotation and the execution of each with each cam sleeve 7 via the switching balls 3 operatively connected switching contours 2 is a axial displacement of the cam sleeves 7 against each other and thus switching between the individual cam profiles 9a, 9b and 9c.
  • the displacement of the sliding piece 5 can also be effected, for example, by an actuator 6 that acts magnetically on the sliding piece 5.
  • the advantage of the solution according to the invention consists in a simple and small construction of the valve train, can be realized with the variably adapted for the engine valve lift switching.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Commande de soupape variable pour moteurs à combustion interne pour actionner des soupapes d'échange de gaz, dans laquelle les soupapes d'échange de gaz peuvent être amenées en prise de manière commutable avec différents profils de cames d'un arbre à cames entraîné par un vilebrequin du moteur à combustion interne, caractérisée en ce que
    - l'arbre à cames est formé de plusieurs manchons de cames (7) individuels déplaçables axialement les uns par rapport aux autres,
    - sur chaque manchon de came (7) sont disposés plusieurs profils de cames différents (9a, 9b, 9c) ayant une portion de cercle de base identique (10),
    - à l'intérieur des manchons de cames (7) est disposé un arbre de commutation (1) tournant conjointement avec les manchons de cames (7),
    - chaque manchon de came (7) est en liaison fonctionnelle par le biais d'une rotule de commutation (3) avec un contour de commutation (2) disposé sur l'arbre de commutation (1),
    - l'arbre de commutation (1) est connecté à un élément de déplacement (5) disposé de manière solidaire en rotation mais déplaçable axialement sur un manchon de came (7),
    - pour le déplacement du manchon de came respectif (7) par la rotule de commutation (3) glissant sur l'arbre de commutation (1) dans le contour de commutation (2), l'élément de déplacement (5) peut être amené en liaison fonctionnelle avec un actionneur (6) pour générer une rotation relative de l'arbre de commutation (1) par rapport aux manchons de cames (7).
  2. Commande de soupape selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    les manchons de cames (7) déplaçables axialement sont connectés les uns aux autres par une denture (8) s'étendant axialement, les dentures (8) des manchons de cames (7a, 7b) disposés à chaque fois les uns à côté des autres étant réalisées de manière à s'engager les unes dans les autres.
  3. Commande de soupape selon les revendications 1 et 2,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'actionneur (6) est connecté fixement à un boîtier du moteur à combustion interne.
  4. Commande de soupape selon les revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le contour de commutation (2) de l'arbre de commutation (1) présente une pente axiale.
  5. Commande de soupape selon les revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la rotule de commutation (3) est montée dans un logement réalisé sous forme hémisphérique du manchon de came respectif (7).
  6. Commande de soupape selon les revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisée en ce que
    dans le cas d'un déplacement axial à effectuer successivement des manchons de cames individuels (7), les pentes axiales individuelles du contour de commutation (2) prévu pour chaque manchon de came (7) sont disposées de manière décalée les unes par rapport aux autres sur la périphérie de l'arbre de commutation (1).
  7. Commande de soupape selon les revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisée en ce que
    dans le cas d'un déplacement axial simultané des manchons de cames individuels (7), les pentes axiales individuelles du contour de commutation (2) prévu pour chaque manchon de came (7) se situent dans le même plan axial sur la périphérie de l'arbre de commutation (1).
  8. Commande de soupape selon les revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'arbre de commutation (1) est connecté par le biais d'une broche filetée (4) à un élément de déplacement (5) disposé sur un manchon de came (7) de manière solidaire en rotation mais déplaçable axialement.
  9. Commande de soupape selon la revendication 8,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la liaison entre l'arbre de commutation (1) et l'élément de déplacement (5) est réalisée sous forme de denture oblique.
  10. Commande de soupape selon les revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'arbre de commutation (1) est connecté par le biais d'un mécanisme à cames à un élément de déplacement (5) disposé de manière solidaire en rotation mais déplaçable axialement sur un manchon de came (7).
EP10760231.0A 2009-08-10 2010-08-03 Commande variable pour actionner des soupapes de changement des gaz sur des moteurs à combustion interne Not-in-force EP2464835B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009037268A DE102009037268B3 (de) 2009-08-10 2009-08-10 Variabler Ventiltrieb für Brennkraftmaschinen zur Betätigung von Gaswechselventilen
PCT/DE2010/000932 WO2011018075A2 (fr) 2009-08-10 2010-08-03 Commande variable pour actionner des soupapes de changement des gaz sur des moteurs à combustion interne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2464835A2 EP2464835A2 (fr) 2012-06-20
EP2464835B1 true EP2464835B1 (fr) 2013-07-24

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10760231.0A Not-in-force EP2464835B1 (fr) 2009-08-10 2010-08-03 Commande variable pour actionner des soupapes de changement des gaz sur des moteurs à combustion interne

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8746195B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2464835B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5649239B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009037268B3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011018075A2 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011018075A2 (fr) 2011-02-17
WO2011018075A3 (fr) 2011-04-21
US8746195B2 (en) 2014-06-10
JP2013501874A (ja) 2013-01-17
EP2464835A2 (fr) 2012-06-20
JP5649239B2 (ja) 2015-01-07
DE102009037268B3 (de) 2011-04-07
US20120138001A1 (en) 2012-06-07

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