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EP2318181B1 - Élément de sécurité - Google Patents

Élément de sécurité Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2318181B1
EP2318181B1 EP09777022.6A EP09777022A EP2318181B1 EP 2318181 B1 EP2318181 B1 EP 2318181B1 EP 09777022 A EP09777022 A EP 09777022A EP 2318181 B1 EP2318181 B1 EP 2318181B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
thin
film element
security element
reflection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09777022.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2318181A1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Heim
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
Original Assignee
Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giesecke and Devrient GmbH filed Critical Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
Publication of EP2318181A1 publication Critical patent/EP2318181A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2318181B1 publication Critical patent/EP2318181B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/351—Translucent or partly translucent parts, e.g. windows
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/378—Special inks
    • B42D25/387—Special inks absorbing or reflecting ultraviolet light

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a security element for securing data carriers, a method for producing such a security element, a correspondingly equipped data carrier and a method for producing the same.
  • Data carriers such as valuables or identity documents, but also other valuables, such as branded goods, are often provided with security features for security, which allow a verification of the authenticity of the data carrier and at the same time serve as protection against unauthorized reproduction.
  • gloss or effect pigments are also used in other areas of technology, such as car paints, decorative coatings or cosmetic formulations.
  • Black luster pigments often have a particular appeal here because the contrast of black color and luster is visually attractive on the one hand and the dark appearance on the other can provide a suitable background for a variety of optical effects, such as the color shift effects of interference layer systems or liquid crystal layers.
  • An example of an optically variable element that appears black is in the document EP 0 395 410 A2 given.
  • the element comprises a three-layer coating having first and second partially transmissive absorber layers and a dielectric layer disposed between the first and second absorber layers.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a security element of the type mentioned above with attractive visual appearance and high security against counterfeiting.
  • a security element of the aforementioned type comprises a three-layered thin-film element comprising a reflection layer, an absorber layer and a dielectric spacer layer arranged between the reflection layer and the absorber layer, in which the reflection layer, the absorber layer and the dielectric spacer layer are matched to one another such that the Thin-film element for viewing from the absorber layer side has a very low reflection at all viewing angles and in the entire visible spectral range and appears black.
  • the reflection of the thin-film element for viewing from the absorber layer side is below 20%, preferably below 15%, particularly preferably below 10%, at all viewing angles and in the entire visible spectral range.
  • the thin-film element for viewing from the absorber layer side in the entire visible spectral range and at all viewing angles on no reflection maximum.
  • the thin-film element for viewing from the absorber layer side has a reflection maximum in the ultraviolet spectral range, which can be used as a characteristic authenticity mark and detected with suitable spectroscopic instruments.
  • the exact position of the reflection maximum in the ultraviolet spectral range depends on the viewing angle, so that the variation of the reflection maximum in the ultraviolet can also be used as an authenticity feature.
  • the layer thickness of the dielectric spacer layer is preferably between about 20 nm and about 90 nm.
  • the spacer layer is essentially formed of a low-refractive dielectric with refractive index n ⁇ 1.8, in particular SiO 2 or MgF 2 , and has a layer thickness between 50 nm and 90 nm, in particular of about 70 nm.
  • the spacer layer is essentially formed from a high-index dielectric with a refractive index n ⁇ 1.8, in particular from TiO 2 or ZnS, and has a layer thickness between 20 nm and 50 nm, in particular approximately 40 nm.
  • the thin-film element according to the invention Due to the matching of the thickness and the materials of the reflection layer, the absorber layer and the dielectric spacer layer in the entire visible spectral range and for all viewing angles, the thin-film element according to the invention has a very low reflection and therefore appears black to the viewer.
  • the thicknesses of the absorber layer, dielectric spacer layer and reflection layer in particular by changing the thickness of the dielectric spacer layer, it is also possible to obtain a thin-film element in some areas, which is not the case for the viewer at all Viewing angles and / or not in the entire visible spectral range appears black.
  • a thin-film element can be obtained which has a very low reflection in a first region due to the inventive tuning of reflection layer, absorber layer and dielectric spacer layer and appears black to the viewer in the entire visible spectral range, whereas in a second Area of the thin-film element, the thickness of the dielectric spacer layer is selected so that this second area of the thin-film element for the viewer in incident light does not appear black as the first area, but blue. When tilting the second area, the viewer then perceives, for example, a color change from blue (top view) to black (oblique viewing angle).
  • the first region of the thin-film element appears black to the viewer in the entire visible spectral range and at all viewing angles, while the second region does not appear black to the observer, at least at one viewing angle and / or in a part of the visible spectral range.
  • the thin-film element With a sufficiently thick dielectric layer it is possible to produce a thin-film element with a reflection maximum in the infrared, just beyond the visible spectral range. Since in this case in the visible spectrum always sufficiently intense reflection maxima are, the thin-film element for the viewer appears in a different color of black. However, if the thin-film element is provided with a suitable, filtering color, in particular a film which, for example, absorbs blue light and transmits red light, then the thin-film element appears black to the observer in incident light. When tilting this thin-film element with filtering color becomes the reflection maximum shifted from the infrared into the visible spectral range (red), so that the tilted thin-film element for the viewer appears red.
  • a suitable, filtering color in particular a film which, for example, absorbs blue light and transmits red light
  • Such a thin-film element with filtering color thus shows a color shift effect from black (top view) to red (oblique viewing angle) for the viewer. It is understood that by a suitable choice of the materials and thicknesses of the reflective layer, absorber layer and dielectric spacer layer, a thin-film element may also be indicated which exhibits a color shift effect of eg red (top view) or blue (top view) to black (oblique viewing angle) As described above, additional filtering colors can be combined with the respective thin-film element.
  • the dielectric material of the spacer layer can be mixed with an absorbent material, for example with absorbing metal ions.
  • the dielectric spacer layer may be vapor-deposited or printed. In the latter case, for example, carbon black may be incorporated as the absorbent.
  • the dielectric spacer layers of changed thickness required for the colored and / or non-colored areas can be produced. be printed with advantage.
  • the security element according to the invention for securing data carriers can be formed not only by a flat, three-layer thin-film element of a reflective layer, absorber layer and interposed dielectric spacer layer, but also by a flat application of thin-film pigments with the three-layered invention Construction.
  • the visual impression of a security element with thin-film pigments that is visually discernible to a viewer can hardly be distinguished from the visual impression of a security element having a flat, three-layer thin-film element.
  • black-appearing thin-film pigments and the security elements formed therefrom are not preferred for the observer at all viewing angles in the entire visible spectral range.
  • the thin-film element according to the invention When viewed from the reflection layer side, the thin-film element according to the invention appears high-gloss metallic at all viewing angles and in the entire visible spectral range.
  • This metallic reflection can be used in particular in security elements that are also visible from the underside.
  • it enables the visual differentiation of the thin-film element from conventional black print layers, and on the other hand, it can also function as part of another authenticity feature, as explained below on the basis of a polarization feature in which the metallic reflection layer interacts with a phase-shifting layer.
  • the thin-film element has recesses in the form of patterns, characters or codes which form transparent or translucent regions in the thin-film element.
  • the recesses may extend through the entire thin-film element or may also be formed only in the reflection layer.
  • the security element has a color-shifting layer of a cholesteric liquid-crystalline material, which faces the absorber layer side of the thin-film element, so that the black-appearing thin-film element forms a dark background for the color-shifting layer.
  • the color-shifting layer can of course also be combined with the recesses in the thin-film element. If the security element has a carrier foil, then the thin-layer element and the color-shifting layer can be arranged on the same side or on opposite sides of the carrier foil.
  • the security element can furthermore have at least one further, machine-readable security feature, in particular a security feature with magnetic, electrically conductive, phosphorescent, fluorescent or other luminescent substances. If the security element has a carrier foil, the thin-layer element and the further security feature can be arranged on the same side or on opposite sides of the carrier foil. It is understood that the further security features can be combined with color-shifting layers and / or with recesses in the thin-film element.
  • the thin-film element according to the invention is arranged on a carrier foil which, as a further security feature, has a diffraction structure or matt structure, wherein the thin-film element in addition to the diffraction structure or matt structure or else above / below the diffraction structure or matt structure is arranged.
  • a security feature which can be excited in the ultraviolet spectral range is combined with the security element according to the invention.
  • the UV-stimulable layer can be arranged above the black thin-film element according to the invention (ie facing the absorber layer side) or else on the side of the thin-film element facing the reflection layer side.
  • the security element is present on a carrier film, in particular a PET film with a layer thickness between 6 .mu.m and 23 .mu.m.
  • the carrier film can be pulled off the remaining layer structure of the security element or it can remain as an integral part of the security element in the layer structure.
  • the security element has a phase retardation layer of a nematic liquid-crystalline material which faces the reflection layer side of the thin-film element, so that the phase retardation layer together with the reflection layer forms a polarization feature that can be tested with a polarization filter.
  • the phase delay layer can be present in particular in the form of patterns, characters or codes, so that the formed motif emerges when viewed through a suitable polarization filter.
  • the security element has a carrier foil, the thin-film element and the phase delay layer can be arranged on the same side or on opposite sides of the carrier foil. In the latter case, a carrier film is expediently used which itself has no or only slight polarizing properties.
  • the security element has a phase delay layer made of a suitable liquid-crystalline material, the phase-delay layer facing the absorber layer side of the thin-film element.
  • the phase retardation layer of nematic liquid crystalline material may be disposed over a layer of cholesteric liquid crystalline material, wherein the layer of cholesteric liquid crystalline material exhibits a color shift effect together with the thin film element according to the invention.
  • the observer can perceive from the absorber layer side the color-shift effect of the cholesteric liquid-crystalline material in combination with the thin-film element and, with suitable aids, check the polarization effect of the polarization feature of nematic liquid-crystalline material.
  • the security element has a three-layer thin-film element according to the invention, which has a very low reflection for viewing from the absorber layer side at all viewing angles in the entire visible spectral range and therefore appears black to the observer.
  • the security element furthermore has a thin-film element, which is e.g. by changing the thickness of the dielectric spacer layer does not appear black to the viewer at all viewing angles and / or throughout the entire visible spectral range.
  • the security element according to the invention has a first area, which shows a first color-shift effect for the viewer, and a second area, which shows a second, different color-shift effect from the first one.
  • this special security element with first and second color-shifting areas can basically be designed as described for the security element with only one color-shifting layer.
  • the thin-film element with first and second regions and the color-shifting layer can be arranged on the same side or on opposite sides of a carrier film.
  • the combination with a further, in particular machine-readable security feature, as well as the combination with a phase delay layer of a nematic liquid-crystalline material is conceivable.
  • the security element described above is characterized by an extraordinarily large security against counterfeiting.
  • the security element according to the invention can have a region which has essentially the same color, which is different from black, at all viewing angles and in the entire visible spectral range.
  • a security element according to the invention as described above, with a color-shifting layer from a cholesteric liquid-crystalline material, which faces the absorber layer side of the thin-film element, so that the black-appearing thin-film element forms a dark background for the color-shifting layer, to be arranged on a suitable carrier film such that the color-shifting thin-film structure directly adjoins a region likewise arranged on the carrier film adjacent, which has substantially the same color different from black at all viewing angles and in the entire visible spectral range.
  • Such security elements in which a color-shifting thin-film structure according to the invention is arranged directly adjacent to a region which has substantially the same color at all viewing angles and in the entire visible spectral range, are very attractive to the viewer and are characterized by particularly high counterfeit security.
  • the security feature having areas that exhibit a color shift effect and areas that exhibit substantially a particular, non-variable color may also be combined with other security features, such as a phase retardation layer of a suitable liquid crystal material, as described above.
  • the security element is advantageously a security thread, a security tape, a security strip, a patch or a label for application to a security paper, document of value or the like.
  • the invention also encompasses a method for producing a security element of the type described, in which a reflective layer, a dielectric spacer layer and an absorber layer are superimposed to form a three-layered thin-film element, and in which the reflection layer, the absorber layer and the dielectric spacer layer are matched to one another such that the thin-film element has a very low reflection for viewing from the absorber layer side at all viewing angles and in the entire visible spectral range and appears black.
  • the invention further comprises a data carrier, in particular a value document, such as a banknote, an identity card or the like, with a security element of the type described.
  • a security element of the type described is applied to a data carrier substrate, for example a printed or unprinted paper or paper Plastic substrate, applied or fully or partially embedded in such a data carrier substrate.
  • the security element can in particular also be arranged over a window area or a continuous opening of the data carrier and thus be visible from both sides.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a banknote 10, which is provided with a security element 12 according to the invention.
  • the security element shown represents a security thread 12 that protrudes at certain window areas 14 on the surface of the banknote 10 while it is embedded in the intervening areas inside the banknote 10.
  • the security thread 12 When viewed, the security thread 12 exhibits a color shift effect with brilliant colors whose color changes in the embodiment from green when viewed perpendicularly to blue when viewed at an acute angle.
  • the security thread has 12 negative characters 16, which are formed in the embodiment in the form of the alternating letter sequences "PL" and "10". In incident light, the negative characters 16 can be recognized by the absence of a colored impression or of the color shift effect. Negative characters 16 appear particularly strong when viewing the banknote 10 in transmitted light, where they shine bright against the otherwise opaque background of the embedded security thread 12.
  • a security element comprises a three-layered thin-film element 20 with a reflection layer 22, an absorber layer 26 and a dielectric spacing layer 24 arranged between the reflection layer 22 and the absorber layer 26.
  • the reflection layer 22 is formed in the embodiment of a 30 nm thick aluminum layer. Basically come as reflector materials However, other metals, such as silver, nickel, copper, iron, chromium, gold or other highly reflective metals into consideration.
  • the layer thickness of the reflection layer is typically between 10 nm and 200 nm, usually between about 30 nm and about 100 nm.
  • low-index dielectrics with a refractive index below 1.8 are suitable for the dielectric spacer layer 24, such as, for example, SiO 2 , MgF, SiO x with 1 ⁇ x ⁇ 2, or Al 2 O 3 .
  • high-index dielectrics with a refractive index of 1.8 or more such as ZrO 2 , ZnS, TiO 2 or indium tin oxide (ITO).
  • the layer thickness of the spacer layer 24 is preferably between about 50 nm and about 90 nm for low-index dielectrics, preferably between about 20 nm and about 50 nm for high-index dielectrics Fig. 2
  • the dielectric spacer layer 24 is formed by an 80 nm-thick SiO 2 layer.
  • the absorber layer 26 is formed in the embodiment by a 6 nm thick chromium layer.
  • other materials such as iron, gold, aluminum or titanium, which are applied in a thickness between 2 nm and about 10 nm, are suitable as absorber layers.
  • Further details on the construction of thin-film elements and in particular on the materials which can be used for the reflection layer, the dielectric spacer layer and the absorber layer, as well as the layer thicknesses which may be considered for the reflection layer and the absorber layer, can be found in the document WO 01/03945 A1 are removed, the disclosure of which is included in the present application in this respect.
  • the perceptible color impression of a thin-film element with the described structure is based on viewing angle-dependent interference effects due to multiple reflections in the different sub-layers of the element and depends in particular on the optical thickness of the dielectric spacer layer.
  • the path difference of the beams reflected at different partial layers is of the order of the wavelengths of visible light, so that an angle-dependent color impression in the visible spectral range results due to the extinction and amplification of specific wavelengths.
  • the layer thickness of the dielectric spacer layer 24 is now selected to be so small that all constructive interference maxima are in the ultraviolet spectral range and the thin-film elements in the visible spectral range have no reflection maximum at all viewing angles.
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows the reflection spectrum 30 of in Fig. 2 shown thin-film element 20 for vertical viewing 28.
  • increasing Wavelength decreases the reflection to a maximum reflection 32 in the ultraviolet spectral range, which is in the exemplary embodiment at about 250 nm, strong and is then in the entire visible spectral range of 400 nm to 800 nm well below 10%.
  • the reflection maximum 32 shifts to even shorter wavelengths due to the physical conditions, ie it remains in the non-visible, ultraviolet spectral range.
  • the flat slope 34 of the reflection of the thin-film element between 800 nm and 1000 nm Fig. 3
  • a blue shift of the reflection spectrum does not lead to a significant increase in the reflection in the visible spectral range, especially since the human eye is only slightly sensitive at the red end of the spectral range.
  • the thin-film element 20 therefore also appears with an oblique view 28 'for the viewer with a deep black hue.
  • Fig. 4 For reference, reference is made to the reflection spectrum 40 of a thick printed black layer on a foil.
  • the thin-film element 20 according to the invention produces a black impression in the visible spectral range from 400 nm to 800 nm, which is very similar to that of a black print layer.
  • the thin-film element 20 When viewing 29 of the thin-film element 20 from the underside, that is to say the side of the reflection layer 22, the thin-film element 20 appears high-gloss metallic at all viewing angles 29, 29 'and in the entire visible spectral range.
  • the thin-film structure of the element 20 can therefore easily be distinguished from a conventional black printing layer even without auxiliary means.
  • the position of the reflection maximum 32 in the ultraviolet spectral range and its displacement during tilting of the thin-film element 20 can be used as characteristic authenticity characteristics and detected with the aid of suitable spectroscopic instruments.
  • the metallic reflection from the reflection layer side can be used for security elements that are at least partially visible from the underside, for example for security elements, which are arranged above a see-through or window area of a banknote or a value document.
  • the metallic reflection can also be used to generate a polarization feature, as explained in more detail below.
  • the opacity of the metallic reflective layer 22 in cooperation with demetallinstrumenten areas can be used to produce negative patterns, as already on the negative characters "PL" and "10" of the security thread 12 of Fig. 1 illustrated.
  • the dielectric material of the spacer layer may be provided with an absorbent.
  • SiO 2 can be provided with absorbing metal ions, or glass breakage can be evaporated in a particularly simple variant for applying the spacer layer 24.
  • the dielectric spacer layer 24 can also be designed as a pressure layer In this case, an absorbing material such as carbon black can easily be incorporated.
  • Fig. 5 shows a security film 50, as used for making a in Fig. 1 shown security thread 12 can be used.
  • the security film 50 contains a carrier film 52 in the form of a transparent plastic film, on which an aluminum reflection layer 54, a 70 nm thick spacer layer 56 made of SiO 2 and a 4 nm thick absorber layer 58 made of chromium are applied in a layer sequence from bottom to top three-layered thin-film element 60, which appears black from all viewing directions when viewed from the absorber layer 58 side.
  • recesses 62 in the form of patterns, characters or codes are formed in the thin-film element 60 and form transparent or translucent areas in the thin-film element 60.
  • the carrier film 52 was printed in the region of the desired recesses with an activatable ink in the embodiment and then the layers 54, 56, 58 of the thin-film element 60 vapor-deposited over the entire surface of the printed carrier film. Subsequently, the ink was activated and the three overlying layers 54, 56, 58 removed in regions.
  • a color-shifting, cholesteric liquid-crystal layer 66 is further applied over an entire surface over an adhesive or primer layer 64.
  • the black-appearing thin-film element 60 forms a dark background for the liquid crystal layer 66 and makes its color-shift effect appear with brilliant colors.
  • Fig. 6 schematically shows the reflection spectrum 70 of FIG Fig. 5 illustrated security film 50 in the non-recessed areas 68 when viewed vertically from above, so when viewed from the side of the color-tilting liquid crystal layer 66 ago.
  • the reflection spectrum 70 shows a clearly pronounced reflection maximum 72 in the green spectral range at a wavelength of about 550 nm.
  • the security film 50 therefore appears when viewed vertically in a brilliant, bright green.
  • the reflection maximum 72 shifts to shorter wavelengths, in the present case into the blue spectral range, due to the physical conditions.
  • the security film 50 therefore appears deep blue when viewed at an acute angle, so that when the film 50 is tilted, a pronounced color shift effect from green to blue can be observed.
  • the liquid crystal layer 66 is typically present against a light background, such as a paper background with partially embedded or glued security elements. Against such a light background, the color-shift effect of the liquid crystals is not or only slightly visible, so that the recesses 62 appear in supervision as color-free areas without color-shift effect. Particularly noteworthy are the recessed areas 62 when viewed in transmitted light, where they emerge bright against the background of the otherwise opaque thin-film element 60.
  • FIG Fig. 7 Another embodiment of a security film 80 according to the invention is shown in FIG Fig. 7 shown.
  • the structure of the security film 80 corresponds largely to the structure of the security film 50 of Fig. 5 , but with the difference that only the reflection layer 54 of the thin-film element 60 is provided with recesses, while the spacer layer 56 and the absorber layer 58 are formed over the entire surface.
  • the visual appearance of the security film 80 is similar to the appearance of the security film 50, however, in the recessed areas 62, the absorber layer 58 still present there darkens the negative pattern area somewhat.
  • the thin-film element 60 and the liquid crystal layer 66 can also be arranged on different sides of the carrier film 52. It is only essential for the effect according to the invention that the liquid-crystal layer 66 faces the absorber layer side 58 of the thin-film element 60.
  • the recesses of the thin-film element 60 may again extend through the entire element or, as in the embodiment of FIGS Fig. 8 shown to be formed only in the reflection layer 54.
  • the layer structure of the security elements according to the invention can also receive further, in particular machine-readable security features, as in the exemplary embodiments 100 and 110 of FIG Figures 9 and 10 illustrated by the example of a magnetic security feature.
  • the magnetic regions 102 can be printed as printed areas directly or else via a primer onto the black absorber layer side of the thin-film element 60.
  • the magnetic regions 102 are usually black and therefore do not or only slightly fall in front of the black background of the thin-film element 60.
  • the magnetic regions 102 may also be printed on the opposite side of the carrier film 52.
  • This in Fig. 10 shown variant has the advantage that the magnetic areas then from the visible side (the absorber layer side of the thin-film element) can not notice in principle.
  • the black magnetic regions must be effectively optically covered in some applications, in order not to attract attention to the highly reflective environment.
  • Such a cover can be effected, for example, by a coating with metallic effect pigments and / or opaque white printing layers.
  • the thin-film element which is black on one side and shiny on the other side, can also be combined with a phase-delay layer of birefringent material in further embodiments of the invention.
  • a thin-film element 60 is applied to the upper side of a carrier foil 52, and a color-tilting liquid-crystal layer 66 is applied via an adhesive layer, as already basically associated with FIG Fig. 5 described.
  • the support film 52 is provided in the form of a motif applied phase delay layer 122, which consists of a birefringent material, for example of nematic liquid crystalline material.
  • the phase delay of the visible light phase retardation layer 122 is typically between about ⁇ / 4 and about ⁇ / 2 and in the exemplary embodiment described is ⁇ / 4.
  • the security element 120 When the security element 120 is viewed from below with ordinary unpolarized light and without auxiliary means, the subareas with and without phase retardation layer 122 are virtually indistinguishable since the phase delay acts equally on all polarization directions of the incident light and the light absorption of the phase retardation layer 122 is negligibly small.
  • the contrast differences that occur are based on the different influencing of the polarization of the incident light and the light reflected by the reflection layer 54 in the regions with or without the phase retardation layer 122, which results in the reflected light being able to pass through the circular polarizer 124 in one case and is locked in the other case.
  • the phase delay layer is based on the German patent application DE 10 2006 021 429 A1 referred to, the disclosure of which is included in the present application.
  • a carrier film 52 is advantageously used, which itself has no or only low polarizing properties.
  • phase retardation layer 122 may be disposed directly on the reflective layer 54 as in the security element 130 of FIG Fig. 12 shown. In this case, the polarizing properties of the carrier film for the polarization feature is irrelevant.
  • the polarization feature of the phase retardation layer 122 is combined with a color-shifting layer 66 and recesses 62 in the thin film element 60.
  • the polarization feature can of course also be provided with security elements without recesses and / or with security elements without color-shifting layers.
  • the polarization feature is present on the metallically reflecting side of a thin-film element, while the opposite side appears black glossy to the viewer.
  • the shiny black surface can be used as a design element or as a black background for another security or design element.
  • a banknote may be provided with the black glossy thin-film element in a first region and may contain a liquid-crystal layer in a see-through window of another region. If the liquid crystal layer by folding the banknote on the black surface of the Laying thin-film element, so the previously not visible or barely visible color shift effect of the liquid crystal layer clearly shows.
  • a phase delay layer on the side facing the absorber layer side of the thin-film element, for example over a layer of cholesteric liquid-crystalline material 66, which is arranged above a thin-film element 60. While at the in Fig. 13 shown security element 140, the layer sequence of carrier film 52, thin-film element 60 and cholesteric liquid-crystalline material 66 the structure of in Fig. 11 Corresponding to the shown security element 120, the phase retardation layer 142 of the security element 140 is arranged on the color-tilting liquid crystal layer 66.
  • the phase retardation layer 142 may be comprised of nematic liquid crystalline material and may have a thickness suitable for achieving phase retardation resulting in a phase delay between about ⁇ / 4 or about ⁇ / 2.
  • a circular polarizer 144 With a circular polarizer 144, the polarization effect, as in Fig. 11 described, be examined by the viewer.
  • the cholesteric liquid-crystalline material 66 acts together with the thin-film element 60 as a reflector for the phase retardation layer of nematic liquid-crystalline material 142.
  • the observer can thus see both the color-shift effect of the layer of cholesteric liquid-crystalline material 66 above the thin-film element from the side facing the absorber layer side 60 as well as the polarization effect of the nematic liquid crystalline material 142 with a suitable polarization filter 144.
  • the polarization effect of the security element 140 is not, as may be the case with the security element 120 of FIG Fig. 12 , affected by polarizing properties of the film 52.
  • Fig. 1 to Fig. 13 described embodiments may in principle have a range in which the thin-film element due to the chosen thickness, in particular the dielectric spacer layer for the viewer not in the entire visible spectral range and / or not appear for all viewing angles black and therefore result in Farbkipp bine, from the with reference to the Fig. 1 to Fig. 13 differentiate color shift effects described. It is of course also conceivable to combine a security element according to the invention with regions which have essentially the same color for the viewer in the visible spectral range and at all viewing angles.
  • the carrier foil of the security element according to the invention can optionally also have a particular embossed diffraction structure and / or matt structure, which is arranged next to or above / below the thin-film element and produces interesting synergistic effects, in particular incident light / transmitted light effects. which further increase the counterfeit protection of the security element.

Landscapes

  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (24)

  1. Elément de sécurité pour sécuriser des supports de données avec un élément à couche mince (20) à triple couche composé d'une couche de réflexion (22), d'une couche d'absorbeur (26) et d'une couche d'espacement (24) diélectrique disposée entre la couche de réflexion et la couche d'absorbeur, pour lequel l'épaisseur et les matières de la couche de réflexion (22), de la couche d'absorbeur (26) et de la couche d'espacement (24) diélectrique sont adaptées l'une à l'autre de telle manière qu'au moins dans une zone, l'élément à couche mince en observation depuis le côté de la couche d'absorbeur (26) dans tous les angles d'observation (28, 28') et dans toute la zone spectrale visible comporte une réflexion très faible et apparaît en noir
    caractérisé en ce qu'au moins dans la zone citée, la réflexion de l'élément à couche mince (20) se situe en dessous de 20 % en observation depuis le côté de couche d'absorbeur (26) dans tous les angles d'observation et dans toute la zone spectrale visible et l'élément à couche mince (20) apparaît de façon métallique très brillante lors de l'observation depuis le côté de la couche de réflexion (22) dans tous les angles d'observation (29, 29') et dans toute la zone spectrale visible.
  2. Elément de sécurité selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins dans la zone citée, la réflexion de l'élément à couche mince (20) se situe en dessous de 15 %, de façon particulièrement préférée en dessous de 10 %, lors de l'observation depuis le côté de la couche d'absorbeur (26) dans tous les angles d'observation et dans toute la zone spectrale visible.
  3. Elément de sécurité selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins dans la zone citée, l'élément à couche mince (20) ne présente aucun maximum de réflexion en observation depuis le côté de la couche d'absorbeur (26) dans toute la zone spectrale visible et dans tous les angles d'observation (28, 28').
  4. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins dans la zone citée, l'élément à couche mince (20) présente un maximum de réflexion dans la zone spectrale ultraviolette en observation depuis le côté de la couche d'absorbeur (26).
  5. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de couche de la couche d'espacement diélectrique (24) se situe entre 20 nm et 90 nm.
  6. Elément de sécurité selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la couche d'espacement (24) est formée pour l'essentiel d'un diélectrique à faible indice de réfraction avec un indice de réfraction n < 1,8, en particulier en SiO2 ou MgF2 et comporte une épaisseur de couche se situant entre 50 nm et 90 nm, en particulier d'environ 70 nm.
  7. Elément de sécurité selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la couche d'espacement (24) est formée pour l'essentiel d'un diélectrique à indice de réfraction élevé avec un indice de réfraction n > = 1,8, en particulier en TiO2 ou ZnS et comporte une épaisseur de couche se situant entre 20 nm et 50 nm, en particulier d'environ 40 nm.
  8. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le matériau diélectrique de la couche d'espacement (24) est mélangé avec une substance absorbante, en particulier avec des ions métalliques absorbants.
  9. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'élément à couche mince (20) comporte des creux sous la forme de motifs, de signes ou de codages qui forment les zones transparentes ou translucides dans l'élément à couche mince (20).
  10. Elément de sécurité selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les creux ne sont présents que dans la couche de réflexion de l'élément à couche mince (20).
  11. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de sécurité comporte une couche à basculement de couleur dans un matériau cholestérique à cristaux liquides, qui est tournée du côté de la couche d'absorbeur (26) de l'élément à couche mince (20) de sorte que l'élément à couche mince (20) apparaissant en noir forme un fond pour la couche à basculement de couleur.
  12. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de sécurité comporte au moins une autre caractéristique de sécurité lisible par une machine, en particulier avec des matières magnétiques, électroconductrices, phosphorescentes, fluorescentes ou autres matières luminescentes.
  13. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de sécurité est présent sur une feuille de support, en particulier une feuille de PET, avec une épaisseur de couche se situant entre 6 µm et 23 µm.
  14. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de sécurité comporte une couche de retardement de phase dans un matériau nématique à cristaux liquides, qui est tournée vers le côté de la couche de réflexion (22) de l'élément à couche mince (20) de sorte que la couche de retardement de phase forme avec la couche de réflexion (22) une caractéristique de polarisation vérifiable avec un filtre de polarisation.
  15. Elément de sécurité selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que la couche de retardement de phase existe sous la forme de motifs, de signes ou de codages.
  16. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de sécurité comporte en plus de la zone citée, dans laquelle l'élément à couche mince (20) en observation depuis le côté de la couche d'absorbeur (26) dans tous les angles d'observation (28, 28') et dans toute la zone spectrale visible, comporte une réflexion très faible et qui apparaît en noir, une deuxième zone avec un élément à couche mince qui n'apparaît pas en noir dans toutes les directions d'observation et/ou pas dans toute la zone spectrale visible.
  17. Procédé destiné à préparer un élément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16, pour lequel une couche de réflexion (22), une couche d'espacement diélectrique (24) et une couche d'absorbeur (26) sont disposées l'une sur l'autre pour former un élément à couche mince à triple couche (20) et pour lequel l'épaisseur et les matières de la couche de réflexion (22), de la couche d'absorbeur (26) et de la couche d'espacement diélectrique (24) sont adaptées l'une à l'autre de telle manière qu'au moins dans une zone, l'élément à couche mince (20) en observation depuis le côté de la couche d'absorbeur (26) dans tous les angles d'observation (28, 28') et dans toute la zone spectrale visible comporte une réflexion très faible et apparaît en noir, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins dans la zone citée, la réflexion de l'élément à couche mince (20) en observation depuis le côté de la couche d'absorbeur (26) dans tous les angles d'observation et dans toute la zone spectrale visible se situe en dessous de 20 % et l'élément à couche mince (20) en observation depuis le côté de la couche de réflexion (22) dans tous les angles d'observation (29, 29') et dans toute la zone spectrale visible apparaît de manière métallique très brillante.
  18. Procédé selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que pour l'essentiel un diélectrique à faible indice de réfraction avec un indice de réfraction n < 1,8, en particulier de SiO2 ou MgF2, est appliqué dans une épaisseur de couche se situant entre 50 nm et 90 nm en tant que couche d'espacement diélectrique (24).
  19. Procédé selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que pour l'essentiel un diélectrique à indice de réfraction élevé avec un indice de réfraction n > = 1,8, en particulier de TiO2 ou ZnS, est appliqué dans une épaisseur de couche se situant entre 20 nm et 50 nm en tant que couche d'espacement diélectrique (24).
  20. Procédé selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 17 à 19, caractérisé en ce que la couche d'espacement diélectrique (24) est métallisée par évaporation ou empreinte.
  21. Procédé selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 17 à 20, caractérisé en ce que l'élément à couche mince (20) est doté de creux sous la forme de motifs, de signes ou de codages.
  22. Procédé selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 17 à 21, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de sécurité est doté sur le côté tourné vers le côté de la couche d'absorbeur (26) de l'élément à couche mince (20) d'une couche à basculement de couleur en matière cholestérique à cristaux liquides de sorte que l'élément à couche mince apparaissant en noir forme un fond sombre pour la couche à basculement de couleur.
  23. Support de données, en particulier document de valeur comme des billets de banque, des cartes d'identité ou documents analogues, avec un élément de sécurité selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16.
  24. Procédé destiné à la préparation d'un support de données, pour lequel un élément de sécurité est appliqué selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16 sur un substrat de support de données ou est complètement ou partiellement incorporé dans un substrat de support de données.
EP09777022.6A 2008-07-09 2009-07-08 Élément de sécurité Not-in-force EP2318181B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008032224A DE102008032224A1 (de) 2008-07-09 2008-07-09 Sicherheitselement
PCT/EP2009/004923 WO2010003646A1 (fr) 2008-07-09 2009-07-08 Élément de sécurité

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EP2318181A1 EP2318181A1 (fr) 2011-05-11
EP2318181B1 true EP2318181B1 (fr) 2016-09-07

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US (1) US8490879B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2318181B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102089123B (fr)
DE (1) DE102008032224A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010003646A1 (fr)

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DE102006039305A1 (de) * 2006-07-21 2008-01-24 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitsfaden mit optisch variablem Sicherheitsmerkmal
DE102006050047A1 (de) 2006-10-24 2008-04-30 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Durchsichtssicherheitselement mit Mikrostrukturen
DE102006055680A1 (de) 2006-11-23 2008-05-29 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement mit Metallisierung
DE102006058513A1 (de) * 2006-12-12 2008-06-19 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Entwässerungssieb und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
AU2008201211B2 (en) * 2007-03-21 2013-09-26 Viavi Solutions Inc. A surface treated flake
DE102007029204A1 (de) 2007-06-25 2009-01-08 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement
DE102007029203A1 (de) * 2007-06-25 2009-01-08 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement
DE102007034716A1 (de) * 2007-07-23 2009-01-29 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement
DE102007039591A1 (de) * 2007-08-22 2009-02-26 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Gitterbild
DE102007061828A1 (de) * 2007-12-20 2009-06-25 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE102007061827A1 (de) * 2007-12-20 2009-06-25 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE102007062089A1 (de) * 2007-12-21 2009-07-02 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Mikrostruktur
DE102007061979A1 (de) * 2007-12-21 2009-06-25 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement
DE102008008685A1 (de) * 2008-02-12 2009-08-13 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE102008009296A1 (de) * 2008-02-15 2009-08-20 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE102008013167A1 (de) * 2008-03-07 2009-09-10 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE102008016795A1 (de) * 2008-04-02 2009-10-08 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer mikrooptischen Moiré-Vergrößerungsanordnung
DE102008027952A1 (de) * 2008-06-12 2009-12-17 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement mit gerasterter Schicht aus Rasterelementen
DE102008028187A1 (de) * 2008-06-12 2009-12-17 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement mit optisch variablem Element.
DE102008029638A1 (de) * 2008-06-23 2009-12-24 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement
DE102008031325A1 (de) * 2008-07-02 2010-01-07 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement sowie Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE102008032224A1 (de) 2008-07-09 2010-01-14 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement
DE102008046511A1 (de) * 2008-09-10 2010-03-11 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Darstellungsanordnung
DE102009035413A1 (de) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-03 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Identifikationsdokument mit einer personalisierten visuellen Kennzeichnung sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE102009041583A1 (de) * 2009-09-15 2011-03-17 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Dünnschichtelement mit Interferenzschichtaufbau
DE102009042022A1 (de) * 2009-09-21 2011-03-24 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Langgestrecktes Sicherheitselement mit maschinenlesbaren magnetischen Bereichen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20110114733A1 (en) 2011-05-19
US8490879B2 (en) 2013-07-23
WO2010003646A1 (fr) 2010-01-14
EP2318181A1 (fr) 2011-05-11
CN102089123A (zh) 2011-06-08
DE102008032224A1 (de) 2010-01-14
CN102089123B (zh) 2014-03-19

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