EP2344831B1 - Weapon with recoil and a braking device, damping this recoil - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a weapon system for firing ammunition consisting of a weapon with a gun barrel with return and a pipe recoil damping braking device and a packaged or cartridge ammunition.

In particular, large-caliber guns have as a braking device for damping the pipe return usually rear hydraulic brake systems that are relatively space-consuming and expensive. Such a hydropneumatic braking and Vorholsystem for recoil guns describes, for example, the DE 10 2006 014 155 A1 ,

If guns are to be as simple as possible, as is the case with mortars or grenade launchers, etc., a rigid pipe bearing is usually preferred in which the forces occurring during firing are transmitted via a rigid base plate down to the ground ( DE 197 13 192 C2 ). However, especially small aircraft, helicopters or light vehicles can not be equipped with such mortars due to the large gas recoil forces during firing.

From the US 5,491,917 A , which forms a starting point for the independent claims, a weapon system is known, which is equipped with a damping device. These are weapons systems for shooting from the shoulder or artillery or light weapons. The damping device is constructed of metallic hollow balls or pre-bent honeycomb. When a projectile is fired, an input load is generated on the launch tube. Since the launch tube is applied to the damping device and a bolt prevents the recoil of the damping device to the rear, this deforms progressively. This reduces the input load. If the bolt is then displaced away, this releases the damping device.

The EP 0 965 814 A relates to a launcher system for firing multiple projectiles from juxtaposed firing or launching tubes. Each launcher has a recoil system at the bottom which is a collapsible foam and is reusable.

With the EP 0 429 320 A a weapon system is published primarily for the launch of projectiles from the shoulder. It proposes a deformable damping device comprising hollow spheres of aluminum, steel, plastic material or composite material.

The invention has for its object to provide a weapon system, which is constructed relatively simple and compact despite the use of a gun barrel with return and a brake return damping the pipe return.

This object is achieved by the features of claim 1, 2 or 3. Further, particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention disclose the dependent claims.

The invention is based essentially on the idea of not using a hydraulic brake as a braking device to reduce the return energy, but a plastically deformable absorption body, a type of component for energy absorption. The absorption body may for example consist of a metal foam (for example aluminum or steel foam) or of a honeycomb structure also of metal sheets. In order for the absorbent body to be available each time the weapon is loaded, it has proved to be advantageous if the absorption body is a part of the packaging, the entire packaging of the respectively to be fired ammunition or a separate part attached to the packaging. In a weapon for firing patronized ammunition, it can also be the cartridge case of the ammunition in the absorption body.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the weapon is a mortar, which has a pipe guide, the rear side has a top and / or laterally open chamber into which the absorption body inserted and softer the absorbent body is also removed again.

Fig. 1

die perspektivische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Mörsers;

Fig. 2

einen Längsschnitt durch den in Fig. 1 dargestellten Mörser mit einer geladenen Granate kurz vor deren Zündung;

Fig. 3

eine Fig. 2 entsprechende Darstellung nach Abfeuerung der Granate sowie Verformung des Absorptionskörpers und

Fig. 4

eine Granate in ihrer als Absorptionskörper verwendbaren Verpackung.

Further details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following, with reference to figures explained embodiments show:

Fig. 1

the perspective view of a mortar according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a longitudinal section through the in Fig. 1 illustrated mortar with a loaded grenade just before its ignition;

Fig. 3

a Fig. 2 corresponding representation after firing the grenade and deformation of the absorption body and

Fig. 4

a grenade in its usable as an absorbent body packaging.

In the Fig. 1 to 3 is designated 1 a mortar for firing grenades 2. The mortar 1 comprises a gun barrel 3, which is mounted axially displaceably in a pipe guide 4 and is held by a Vorholfeder 5, which is supported on the one hand on the barrel 3, here, for example, at the mouth 6, and on the other hand to the pipe guide 4, in a starting position ( Fig. 1 and 2 ). At the Rear end of the gun barrel 3 is a closure 7 with a corresponding impact device (not shown) arranged to ignite the shell 2.

The pipe guide 4 extends to an abutment, which essentially comprises a ball socket 8 and a bottom plate 9, and can be positioned automatically or manually for height and side pointing of the gun barrel by means of a straightening system 10.

In addition, the pipe guide 4 has a rear side open chamber 11 for receiving a replaceable, the pipe return damping braking device 12. This braking device 12 according to the invention is a plastically deformable absorption body, for example of a metal foam.

In the in the Fig.1 to 3 In the embodiment shown, the absorption body 12 is the packaging of the shell 2 to be fired.

Fig. 4 shows a corresponding packaging 12 with therein grenade 2. The package 12 consists essentially of a metal foam sleeve 13 and a matched to the length of the shell 2 metal foam cover 14th

To shoot a grenade 2, the grenade 2 of the package 12 is first removed. Then, the entire package 12 is inserted into the chamber 11 of the pipe guide 4, wherein centering elements 15, 16 engage in corresponding recesses 17, 18 of the end faces of the package 12.

Subsequently, the grenade 2 is inserted from the mouth 6 of the gun barrel 3 in the barrel 3 and slides to the closure end of the gun barrel 3 ( Fig. 2 ).

As soon as the detonator of the grenade 2 abuts against the striker of the closure 7, ignites the propellant charge of the grenade 2 and this is accelerated by the propellant charge gases to the mouth 6 of the gun barrel 3 out.

By the recoil forces the gun barrel 3 is pressed simultaneously in the direction of the abutment, so that on the one hand the biasing spring 5 stretched and on the other hand, the absorption body 12 plastically (and thus irreversible) is deformed ( Fig. 3 ).

After the grenade 2 has left the barrel 3 and the pipe return is completed, the Vorholfeder 5 pushes the gun barrel 3 back to its original position, and the plastically deformed absorbent body 12 can be manually removed from the chamber 11 or optionally ejected by means of an ejector.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Weapon, mortar

2

Grenade, ammunition

3

barrel

4

pipe guide

5

recoil spring

6

muzzle

7

shutter

8th

ball socket

9

baseplate

10

straightening plant

11

chamber

12

Braking device, absorption body, packaging

13

Metal foam sleeve

14

Metal foam cover

15.16

centering

17.18

recesses

Claims (7)

1. Weapon system for firing ammunition (2), consisting of

   - a weapon (1) having a weapon barrel (3) with recoil and having a braking device (12) which damps the barrel recoil, wherein, the braking device (12) is a plastically deformable absorption body (12),

   and of

   - a packaged ammunition (2),

   characterized in that

   - the weapon (1) also has a recoil spring (5)

   and

   - the absorption body (12) is

   - a part of the packaging (13, 14),

   or

   - the entire packaging (13, 14) of the respective ammunition (2) to be fired.
2. Weapon system for firing ammunition (2), consisting of

   - a weapon (1) having a weapon barrel (3) with recoil and having a braking device (12) which damps the barrel recoil, wherein, the braking device (12) is a plastically deformable absorption body (12),

   and of

   - a packaged ammunition (2),

   characterized in that

   - the weapon (1) also has a recoil spring (5)
   and

   - the absorption body (12) is a separate part which is attached to the packaging of the respective ammunition to be fired.
3. Weapon system for firing ammunition (2), consisting of

   - a weapon (1) having a weapon barrel (3) with recoil and having a braking device (12) which damps the barrel recoil, wherein, the braking device (12) is a plastically deformable absorption body (12),

   and of

   - cartridged ammunition (2),

   characterized in that

   - the weapon (1) also has a recoil spring (5)

   and

   - the absorption body (12) is the cartridge case of the respective ammunition (2) to be fired.
4. Weapon system according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the absorption body (12) consists of a metal foam.
5. Weapon system according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the absorption body (12) consists of a honeycomb structure and of metal sheets.
6. Weapon system according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the weapon (1) has a chamber (11), for replaceably accommodating the absorption body (12), in the area adjacent at the rear to the weapon barrel (3) in its initial position.
7. Weapon system according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the weapon (1) is a mortar which has a barrel guide (4) which, at the rear, has a chamber (11) which is open at the top and/or at the side, and into which the absorption body (12) can be inserted, and from which the absorption body (12) can also be removed again.

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