DE102006014155A1 - Hydropneumatic braking and recuperation system e.g. for recoil cannons, has adjustable working piston arranged between gun barrel of cannon and non-return mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The hydropneumatic braking system has an adjustable working piston (3) arranged between a gun barrel (6) of a cannon and non-return mechanism (7). An accumulator (9) has a hydro cylinder (12), in which a separator piston (13) is connected to a chamber (14) and separated from a second chamber (16), so that during a backstroke movement of the gun barrel (6) brake fluid is moved over the adjustable pressure relief valve (10) into the first chamber, and the gas in the second chamber is compressed. As the brake fluid is eased into the actuator, the gun barrel is advanced to its quiescent position.

Description

The The invention relates to a hydro-pneumatic braking and Vorholsystem for pipe recoil guns.

at Pipe recoil guns done the deceleration of the returning gun barrel after firing usually by a hydraulic pipe brake (See, for example, Rheinmetall "Waffentechnisches Paperback ", 7. Edition 1985 pages 440ff.). This is done in a liquid-filled brake cylinder one with the returning one Mass of the gun connected Pistons moved and the return displaced liquid through a narrow flow area of the piston or the pressed the piston adjacent cylinder wall. After completion of the recoil will be the returning one Then mass again with the help of a separate pipe harvester in the Starting position pushed back. Of the Pipe choke is usually designed as a pneumatic, hydropneumatic or mechanical system.

adversely is the well-known systems of hydraulic pipe brake and pipe recuperator among other things, that they are mechanically very complex. For example, a required for pipe brakes constant braking force despite changing Return speed of the gun barrel to obtain, in the known pipe brakes of the flow cross-section travel-dependent changed. This is done e.g. through an annular gap between the hollow Piston rod and a fixed control rod with axially changing Diameter.

In addition, at The known Rohrbremsen- and Rohrvorholersystemen usually changing Shooting parameters as the different pressure gradients when using different Ammunition types, can not be easily considered. Much more are in these cases respectively complicated Einregulierungsversuche or possibly even the Replacement of pipe brakes or pipe recuperators required.

From the DE 198 32 495 C1 it is already known in a hydrodynamic tubular weapon damper with liquid flow control rod, as shown in the DE 38 24 153 A1 is described in more detail, to take into account the braking behavior of tube brakes depending on various shooting parameters, such as ammunition type, propellant charge type, tube elevation, pipe running direction and temperature of the damping medium, a magneto or electrorheological damping medium to use, the viscosity of which can be changed by a corresponding control device.

Also However, in this known pipe brake is a relatively expensive Mechanical construction of the pipe brake required to one from the return path dependent To realize flow cross section.

Of the Invention is based on the object, a braking and Vorholsystem indicate for pipe recoil guns which is constructed mechanically much simpler than comparable known systems and with the simple way changes different shooting parameters berücksichtigbar are, without necessarily the viscosity of the brake fluid changed must become.

These The object is achieved by the Characteristics of claim 1 solved. Further, particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention reveal the dependent claims.

The Invention is based essentially on the idea of a special Brake cylinder with control rod for defining one of the return path dependent Flow cross section to dispense and the brake cylinder through to replace a simple working cylinder with conventional working piston, the working cylinder over an external pressure relief valve and a hydraulic control circuit connected to a hydraulic accumulator. The pressure relief valve is manual adjustable to fixed values or by a e.g. electronically / electrically operated by a controller, such that at the return of the gun barrel preferably results in a substantially constant brake force curve.

Of the Hydraulic accumulator includes a hydraulic cylinder in which a separating piston a connected to the pressure relief valve first chamber of separating a second chamber filled with a prestressed gas, such that during the return movement of the gun barrel from its rest position to its return end position by the Displacement of the working piston the displaced brake fluid from the working cylinder over the adjustable pressure relief valve is pushed into the first chamber and the Gas in the second chamber of the hydraulic accumulator by displacement of the separating piston is compressed. When relaxing the compressed Gas then becomes the brake fluid pushed back into the working cylinder and causes a forerun of the gun barrel in its rest position, so that eliminates a separate Rohrvorholer can.

Preferably, in addition to the pressure limiting valve, the hydraulic control circuit also includes, inter alia, at least one throttle valve with which the speed of the brake fluid flow forced back into the working cylinder from the first chamber of the hydraulic cylinder can be determined is specifiable manner changeable.

at the system according to the invention Therefore serve the working cylinder and the working piston both as Pipe brake as well as pipe recuperator and heat balance system. Either the braking behavior as well as the forward speed and the preliminary braking are manually and / or by the hydraulic control circuit a corresponding control device automatically controlled, so that the System in a simple way, inter alia, to different Ammunition types can be adjusted.

By the waiver of a control rod and the mechanical Rücklaufwegverstellmechanismus within the brake cylinder also accounts for the comparable comparable Pipe brakes required elaborate Einregulierungsversuche, with which only the sufficiently accurate control profile is found and the mathematical prediction of the corresponding control profile.

In addition, points the system according to the invention the advantage that the working cylinder is much smaller and easier to run can be as conventional Brake cylinder. It is therefore possible Install several cylinders in a weapons system to cheaper Forces in the force-transmitting Achieve components. It can For example, the cylinders are concentric around the gun barrel to be ordered.

The hydraulic control circuit may be mounted on the gun. she can in example but also on or in the carrier vehicle of the gun become. Thereby can advantages in terms of safety, mass distribution, maintenance and servicing.

Preferably is the system according to the invention modular design so that it can be used with multiple weapon types is and an individual construction (for each weapon its own pipe brake) accounts can. This offers, among other advantages in logistics, development and certification of the system according to the invention.

Different as in known pipe brakes, in which when changing the brake fluid usually due to the density change (and the changed Control profile) the control rod can be changed must, this is not required in the system according to the invention. Rather, when changing the brake fluid in the system according to the invention only changed the control of the pressure relief valve. This For example, by changing the software of the pressure relief valve controlling electronic control device done. The pressure relief valve is preferably always to a certain pressure (opening pressure) set. This can be done once from the max. System pressure done. dam result in different return paths at different shot parameters (eg size of the propellant, type of bullet, Barrel elevation). alternative a shot is possible right before each shot. This can vary depending on Ammunition selection set the appropriate value for the opening pressure of the valve become. This value should preferably have been previously determined. The complete return path is also exploitable here and you get the lowest possible pressures.

Provided required, the hydraulic control circuit can also a cooling system, e.g. a heat exchanger, to cool down of the and supply line of the gun tube heated brake fluid contain.

Further Details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following explained with reference to a figure Embodiment.

In the Fig. Is with 1 a working cylinder, the one on a piston rod 2 attached working piston 3 includes. In the working cylinder 1 there is a brake fluid 4 (eg oil). The piston rod 2 is on her the working piston 3 opposite end with the bottom piece 5 a dashed tube shown gun barrel 6 (returning mass of the gun) and the working cylinder 1 with a cradle also indicated by dashed lines 7 the corresponding gun (non-returning mass) connected.

The working cylinder 1 is about a only schematically indicated hydraulic control circuit 8th with a hydraulic accumulator 9 connected. In this case, the control circuit includes 8th a pressure relief valve 10 which is from an electronic control device 11 can be controlled or regulated. The electronic control device can be, for example, the fire control computer of the corresponding weapon system.

The hydraulic accumulator 9 includes a hydraulic cylinder 12 in which a separating piston 13 one with the hydraulic control circuit 8th connected first chamber 14 one with a pre-stressed gas 15 (eg nitrogen) filled second chamber 16 separates.

When firing the gun barrel runs 6 from its rest position shown in the figure in the direction of the arrow 17 back to its return end position. This is the working piston 3 also in the direction of the arrow 17 shifted and thereby displaced brake fluid 4 from the working cylin of the 1 via the adjustable pressure relief valve 10 where the back pressure arises, the hydraulic control circuit 8th in the first chamber 14 of the hydraulic accumulator 9 pressed. This causes a displacement of the separating piston 13 so the gas 15 in the second chamber 16 of the hydraulic accumulator 9 compressed until the gun barrel 6 has reached its return end position.

After reaching the return end position of the gun barrel 6 the gas relaxes 15 again and shifts the separating piston 13 until the gas 15 has relaxed to its initial pressure. By displacement of the separating piston 13 becomes the brake fluid 4 from the first chamber 14 of the hydraulic accumulator 9 in the working cylinder 1 pushed back and a forward of the gun barrel 6 brought into its rest position. In this case, the flow speed by a in the hydraulic control circuit 8th provided throttle valve 18 manually or by means of the electronic control device 11 be controlled or regulated.

One recognizable in the figure, with 19 marked directional control valve is primarily switched only for the pipe flow. Previously, it prevents brake oil from draining via the throttle 18 , The throttle valve 18 is closed in the basic position and is then turned on when the brake pressure exceeds the system pressure (pressure accumulator pressure).

at the use of several working cylinders are alternatively the following Variants possible: several cylinders as well as a memory and a circuit, or several working cylinders, several storage tanks and a circuit, or several working cylinders, associated Memory and the associated Circuit (as a unit = Bremsvorholmodul).

The Invention is self-evident not limited to the embodiment described above. So For example, the hydraulic control circuit may also be added a cooling system, e.g. a heat exchanger, to cool down of the and supply line of the gun tube heated brake fluid contain. Here, the cooler not described in detail is preferred in the line in which the least pressure occurs (e.g. Power controller line) around the radiator smallest possible To run to be able to.

In addition, can the working cylinder provided with both "pulling" and "pushing" piston rod be.

Further the activation of the pressure relief valve does not necessarily have to be done in such a way that results in a constant brake force curve, but, if desired, can by appropriate control of the pressure relief valve be generated largely arbitrary braking force.

1

working cylinder

2

piston rod

3

working piston

4

brake fluid

5

breech

6

gun barrel

7

cradle, not returning Dimensions

8th

control circuit

9

hydraulic accumulator

10

Pressure relief valve, actuator

11

control device

12

hydraulic cylinders

13

separating piston

14

(first) chamber

15

gas

16

(second) chamber

17

arrow

18

Throttle valve, actuator

19

way valve

Claims (6)

Hydro-pneumatic braking and advancing system for recoil guns having the features: a) the system comprises at least one between the gun barrel ( 6 ) of the gun and the non-returning mass ( 7 ) of the gun, a brake fluid ( 4 ) containing working cylinder ( 1 ) with on a piston rod ( 2 ) arranged displaceable working piston ( 3 ); b) the working cylinder ( 1 ) is via at least one adjustable pressure relief valve ( 10 ) a hydraulic control circuit ( 8th ) with a hydraulic accumulator ( 9 ) connected; c) the hydraulic accumulator ( 9 ) comprises a hydraulic cylinder ( 12 ), in which a separating piston ( 13 ) one with the hydraulic control circuit ( 8th ) first chamber ( 14 ) of one with a prestressed gas ( 15 ) filled second chamber ( 16 ), such that during the return movement of the gun barrel ( 6 ) from its rest position to its return end position by the displacement of the working piston ( 3 ) the displaced brake fluid ( 4 ) of the working cylinder ( 1 ) via the controllable pressure relief valve ( 10 ) into the first chamber ( 14 ) and the gas ( 15 ) in the second chamber ( 16 ) of the hydraulic accumulator ( 9 ) by displacement of the separating piston ( 13 ) and that when relaxing the compressed gas ( 15 ) the brake fluid ( 4 ) in the working cylinder ( 1 ) is pushed back and a forward flow of the gun barrel ( 6 ) in its rest position causes. Hydropneumatic braking and braking according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic control circuit ( 8th ) at least one throttle valve ( 18 ) with which the speed of the first chamber ( 14 ) of the hydraulic accumulator ( 9 ) in the working cylinder ( 1 ) pushed back brake fluid flow can be changed in a predeterminable manner. Hydro-pneumatic braking and Vorholsystem according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hydraulic control circuit ( 8th ) comprises a cooling system. Hydropneumatic braking and Vorholsystem according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hydropneumatic braking and Vorholsystem several circumferentially, evenly around the gun barrel ( 6 ) distributed around working cylinder ( 1 ). Hydro-pneumatic braking and Vorholsystem according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the actuators ( 10 . 18 ) of the hydraulic control circuit ( 8th ) via a central electronic control device ( 11 ) are controllable. Hydro-pneumatic braking and Vorholsystem according to claim 5, characterized in that the pressure relief valve ( 10 ) from the electronic control device ( 11 ) is controlled, that results in the return of the corresponding gun barrel, a substantially constant brake force curve.