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EP2176010A1 - Procédé pour fabriquer une bande d'acier - Google Patents

Procédé pour fabriquer une bande d'acier

Info

Publication number
EP2176010A1
EP2176010A1 EP08785258A EP08785258A EP2176010A1 EP 2176010 A1 EP2176010 A1 EP 2176010A1 EP 08785258 A EP08785258 A EP 08785258A EP 08785258 A EP08785258 A EP 08785258A EP 2176010 A1 EP2176010 A1 EP 2176010A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rolling
strip
thickness
stand
casting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08785258A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2176010B1 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen Seidel
Ernst Windhaus
Markus Reifferscheid
Jürgen Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SMS Siemag AG
Original Assignee
SMS Siemag AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SMS Siemag AG filed Critical SMS Siemag AG
Publication of EP2176010A1 publication Critical patent/EP2176010A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2176010B1 publication Critical patent/EP2176010B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
    • B21B1/463—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting in a continuous process, i.e. the cast not being cut before rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
    • B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
    • C21D11/005—Process control or regulation for heat treatments for cooling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B13/00—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
    • B21B13/22—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting, i.e. in-line rolling of steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B2261/00—Product parameters
    • B21B2261/20—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B2275/00—Mill drive parameters
    • B21B2275/02—Speed
    • B21B2275/06—Product speed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a strip of steel, in which a slab is first cast in a casting machine, which slab is subsequently rolled into the strip in at least one rolling train, and wherein the rolling mill has a number of rolling stands.
  • Casting speed is.
  • the method is known for example from EP 0 889 762 B1, WO 2006/106376 A1 and WO2007 / 073841 A1.
  • a slab is first produced in a continuous casting machine, which emerges from a mold vertically downwards and then deflected into the horizontal direction.
  • the still hot strip is then fed to a rolling train.
  • the slab is reduced in thickness until the strip of the desired thickness is produced.
  • This technology is also referred to as CSP technology. This is to be understood as the manufacture of a steel strip in a thin-slab thin-strip casting mill, which enables efficient production of hot strip, if the rigid connection of continuous casting plant and rolling train and their temperature control is controlled by the Intelage.
  • the rolling stands are arranged directly behind the casting machine. After some (eg two or three) roughing stands, an intermediate heating takes place to a defined intermediate temperature at a reference point or a reference position in front of an n-stand finishing road. Subsequently, a further deformation takes place on the final thickness of the strip in subsequent stands.
  • shears may be arranged to dispose of the cold strand or to chop the strip (under certain operating conditions). To ensure continuous operation, shears behind the rolling stands or in front of a reel group may be required for cutting to a desired coil weight. A pair of scissors directly in front of the reel is used for thin and another pair of scissors for cutting thicker strips. Furthermore, the belt is cooled to a desired winding temperature on a discharge roller table.
  • step a) automatic determination of the optimum number of active rolling stands and the resulting final thicknesses and thickness decreases in the mill Walz Given based on the stored according to step a) functional
  • step d) optionally driving up a number of rolling mills of the rolling train, so that only the number of rolling mills determined according to step c) is active.
  • step a) The functional relationship according to step a) is preferably obtained by a Rechenmüu ⁇ ii. It should be noted that changes in the number of active rolling stands the Endbanddicke.
  • the strip to be rolled is heated before a finishing train, so that it has a defined intermediate temperature. It can also be provided that the strip to be rolled is cooled at least between two rolling mills of the finishing train; In this case, it is particularly conceived that the strip is cooled between the last rolling stands of the finishing train.
  • the temperature of the belt can be measured behind the last active roll stand and the measured value fed to the machine control.
  • the effective end band temperature of the machine control system is present, so that, if necessary, this can be influenced in the closed loop.
  • the method is also suitable for counteracting special events during casting rolling. Thereafter, a rolling stand can be driven up if a predetermined maximum differential rolling force is exceeded for a given time, with each of the rolling stands fed in the above provision is taken into account. It is also possible to drive up a rolling stand when a predetermined integral value of a differential rolling force over time is exceeded, wherein the raised rolling stand is taken into account in the above procedure.
  • a rolling stand can also be set up if an unevenness exceeding a predetermined amount is determined on the strip on this roll stand, with each raised roll stand being taken into account in the above procedure.
  • a roll stand can be ramped up if a surface mark is determined on the strip on this roll stand, which exceeds a predetermined amount, wherein each raised Waizgerüst is taken into account in the above procedure.
  • a variation of the proposal according to the invention provides that a roller change can be made during an ongoing production on a driven rolling stand.
  • the invention thus provides that an automatic opening of rolling mills (in particular the finishing mills, behind the point P ref ) takes place, depending on the casting speed or the mass flow to ensure a sufficiently high final rolling temperature, so that the required properties of the Materials are retained and thus the tapes have a sufficiently high quality. It is therefore not worked to a desired Endbanddicke, but given a higher alternative thickness, in which case the high quality of the tape is ensured and in particular no process interruption is to be feared.
  • the resulting strip thickness gives from the number of actively-connected (finishing) rolling mills. The higher minimum end thickness is selected depending on the law of the course of the strip thickness over the number of activated stands, or another thickness above that curve is set according to the need for strip.
  • the level of casting speed determines the temperature profile throughout the plant. If the casting speed is too low, the desired finish rolling temperatures and thus the material properties can not be maintained. Accordingly, the invention proposes a possibility as to how the boundary conditions can be adapted to the process conditions, in particular to the casting speeds.
  • the rules to apply, d. H. the functional processes are stored in a computer model that is used to control or regulate the process.
  • a possible case, to which it is possible to react according to the invention, is the running of the strip from the middle of the frame. Exceeds the differential rolling force If an adjustable threshold value (eg 2,000 kN) is maintained and if it also maintains a parameter-critical time (eg 1 sec), then there is a high probability that a Walzunfall threatens. This must be avoided so that it does not come to a casting break. After driving up the problematic scaffold, a corresponding increase in the strip thickness takes place in the subsequent scaffolds. The change of the parameters takes place according to the laws as described below in FIGS. 4 and 5. Once the tape has calmed or the tape is centered again, the work rolls are placed online and the framework is re-incorporated into the rolling process. Alternatively, an integral of the product of the differential rolling force and the critical time can also be used in general for a decision.
  • an adjustable threshold value eg 2,000 kN
  • a parameter-critical time eg 1 sec
  • Another application of the idea according to the invention relates to surface markings on the belt or the work rolls. If surface markings on the belt are no longer acceptable, the scaffolding whose rollers cause the fault or which are damaged can be opened. Ie. in particular, as soon as a new band begins, the corresponding scaffolding is raised, the following scaffolds are adjusted in terms of their thickness and a corresponding other finished thickness for the band is selected and further produced.
  • a roll change during production by the proposed procedure can be made. If a roll change is indispensable, it can be provided to open the roll gap widely and to carry out a roll change, the process according to the invention being carried out. After the roll change, the work rolls are moved to suitable The tape roll is placed on the belt and re-incorporated into the acceptance process, and the end roll thickness, the final rolling speed and the temperature control are adjusted accordingly.
  • the proposed method can also be used if there is a failure of a scaffold. If, for example, the engine of a scaffold fails, then it is possible to proceed as described above; the corresponding framework is then raised, so that the damage to the framework has no serious adverse effects; Rather, it manifests itself only in a change in the strip thickness, but the tape is still made in perfect quality.
  • the proposed method therefore provides significant advantages in casting rate changes to maintain the desired or required finish rolling temperature.
  • the proposed procedure can be used to avoid a casting break.
  • the relationship between the casting speed or the mass flow, final rolling temperature and the number of scaffolds used is used.
  • the cooling of the strip within the finishing train at open finishing stands advantageously creates an extended cooling section.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a casting and rolling plant according to a first embodiment of the invention with casting machine, roughing and finishing mill,
  • FIG. 3 shows another alternative to Fig. 1 more compact design of the casting rolling mill
  • Fig. 6 shows the course of the band thickness depending on the number of active finishing mills at higher load on the finishing mills.
  • a casting-rolling plant is outlined, with a band 1 is produced.
  • the plant comprises a casting machine 2, with which a slab 3 is continuously cast.
  • the slab 3 emerges vertically downward from a mold 9 and is deflected in a known manner in the horizontal.
  • a first rolling mill 4 with two rolling stands 6 is arranged. It is followed by a first scissors 10, a heater 11 in the form of an inductive heating or a roller hearth furnace and a second scissors 12 at.
  • Behind the second pair of scissors 12 begins a finishing train 5, which has a number n finishing mills 7. Behind the finishing train 5 is a cooling section 13, wherein before and behind these scissors 14 and 15 are arranged. To the end of the system follow in a known manner haspein 16.
  • the decisive parameter of the process is once the casting speed v at which the cast strand leaves the continuous casting machine 2. Furthermore, the mass flow expressed as the product of the casting speed v with the slab thickness H is a relevant criterion (the width and density of the product is set to a constant value as constant). At the end of the system, the slab 3 is rolled to the band 1 with the final thickness d E.
  • pyrometers with which the temperature T behind the individual finishing stands 7 can be measured. Between some of the rolling stands 7 separate cooling means 18 are arranged.
  • the plant shown in Fig. 2 differs from that shown in FIG. 1 only by the number of rolling stands 6 of the roughing 4.
  • the rolling mill is very compact and the heating section 11 is shorter and designed as induction heating.
  • a conventional equalizing or heating furnace can alternatively also be arranged before the compact finishing mill according to FIG. 3.
  • a reference position P ref is defined, which is immediately before the finishing train. 5 If there are more than five stands behind the reference position P re f, the same procedure applies. However, additional scaffolds require a higher mass flow.
  • a machine control 8 - as can be seen in FIG. 1 - detects the casting speed v or the mass flow v x H and the temperatures T at the outlet of the finish rolling stands 7 of the finishing train 5 or predefines these data.
  • the machine control 8 can influence the setting of the individual rolling stands 6, 7 and, in particular, open the rear rolling stands 7 of the finishing line 5, provided that this makes sense technologically.
  • the applicable rules i. H. the functional processes, stored in the machine control 8 in a computer model, which is used for the control or regulation of the process.
  • the applicable laws in particular for the relationship between casting speed v or mass flow v x H (as a product of casting speed v with the slab thickness H) and the finishing line outlet temperature T result here as seen in FIG. 4 for different numbers of scaffolds.
  • the illustration in FIG. 4 thus reproduces the dependence between the casting speed or the mass flow and the achievable temperature behind the last active stand, this being illustrated for different numbers of active rolling stands.
  • FIG. 4 is a soft carbon steel, which has an average temperature before the finishing stands (at the reference position P ref ) of 1200 0 C and at a casting thickness behind the continuous casting plant of 70 mm, an intermediate thickness of 8 to 18 mm. The maximum bandwidth of this system is around 1600 mm. From the point of view of optimal processing technology will be for this steel z.
  • B a target finish rolling temperature of 850 0 C, which is indicated by the horizontal dashed line.
  • the number of scaffolds used can be read off at the level of the target temperature (horizontal line T 2 j e ⁇ ). Depending on the material, the target finish rolling temperature varies.
  • FIG. 5 The achievable when using a defined number n of finishing stands 7 achievable minimum final thickness ⁇ E of the belt 1 is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the graphic to be seen here is also relevant for an individual case and, in the present case, again shows the soft carbon steel with the technological data mentioned in the explanation of FIG. 4.
  • the finished scaffolds can be subjected to a greater load, so that with a given number n of active rolling stands, a smaller strip thickness d ⁇ can be achieved.
  • Fig. 6 If the rolling stands subjected to a greater load, the upper curve is pressed in Fig. 6 in the direction of the lower curve, which is indicated by the arrow. With higher material strength or wider band, the curve shifts towards higher end thicknesses to keep the load within acceptable limits.
  • an intermediate thickness is produced, which before the finishing mill, depending on the number of Vorgerüstaniere used and selected thickness distribution about 8 to 18 mm is.
  • the remainder is taken in the finishing train to the finished strip thickness d E , which depends on the number of scaffolds behind the reference position P r ⁇ f .
  • the producible minimum final thickness varies depending on the dimensioning of the stands and drives or on the process and plant limits.
  • the stored mathematical model is capable of learning;
  • the parameters can reaizternp ⁇ ratut depending on the measured Finish "on the other process parameters are adapted and. Furthermore, it follows that the shape of the curves varies, depending on eg the amount of cooling water used, descaling approximate amount of water from the scaffold distance, the diameter of the work rolls and the rolling temperatures, or also from the material skill.
  • the casting plant 2 supplies the behind arranged rolling train 4, 5 continuously with material.
  • the determination of the process parameters takes place for the casting process as well as for normal production operation.
  • the operation initiated by the machine controller 8 looks like this (the casting thickness here can not be equal to the above-mentioned 70 mm):
  • good strip can be produced with 3 finishing stands (behind P ref ) and adjusted to final rolling temperature by suitable intermediate heating.
  • good strip can be produced with 4 finishing stands (behind P ref ) and adjusted to final rolling temperature by suitable intermediate heating.
  • good strip can be produced with 5 finishing stands (behind P ref ) and set to final rolling temperature of 850 ° here by suitable intermediate heating.
  • intermediate scaffold cooling systems 18 are provided between the last scaffolds. These are used to improve the product properties.
  • the desired respective final rolling temperature of the finished strip is monitored behind the last active rolling stand with pyrometers. If a higher final rolling temperature are generated as, for example, 850 0 C (as intended in the exemplary embodiment), so the effect of the temperature gain by opening a scaffold is, as shown in Figure 4 is possible. It is then so less finished with a scaffold.
  • the "temperature jump" results from FIG. 4 by high solders at a given casting speed or at a given mass flow from a curve to the following curve, which reproduces the course with a framework less.
  • the optimum or maximum casting speed for various materials is known through tests, so that the correct specification can be selected from the outset. For example, an achievable casting speed of about 6.5 m / min and a casting thickness of 70 mm, the last frame of the finishing mill is driven up to come close to the Ziei finishing temperature. Ie. it is pre-rolled with the roughing stands to an intermediate thickness of 8 to 18 mm, and then as a rule a finish rolling with only 4 finishing stands.
  • This procedure can be planned in advance. However, with problems in the continuous casting plant and associated casting speed reduction, a change in thickness occurs within a belt. If the casting process has stabilized again and the casting speed exceeds the predetermined minimum value, the setting is again made according to FIG. 4 as soon as the rolling of a new strip is started. The tape area with the "wrong" thickness is saved in order to be able to cut out this part of the tape later.
  • Driving on a roll stand is understood here to mean that the work rolls of the stand are removed from one another in such a way that no rolling of the slab or of the strip takes place in this rolling stand.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Control Of Metal Rolling (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour fabriquer une bande (1) en acier, dans lequel on coule d'abord une brame (3) dans une machine de coulée (2). La brame (3) quitte la machine de coulée (2) avec une vitesse de coulée (v) à une épaisseur de brame donnée (H), la brame (3) est ensuite laminée en une bande (1) dans au moins un train de laminoir (4, 5) comportant plusieurs cages de laminoir (6, 7) et la bande (1) présente, après la dernière cage de laminoir (6, 7), une épaisseur finale (dE). Pour maintenir des conditions de travail optimales ou pour pouvoir réagir à des événements inattendus, l'invention prévoit les étapes suivantes: a) mémoriser dans une commande de machine (8) une relation fonctionnelle entre la vitesse de coulée (v) ou le débit massique (v x H) ou sous la forme du produit de la vitesse de coulée et de l'épaisseur de la brame (v x H) ou sous la forme du produit de la vitesse de la bande et de l'épaisseur de la bande et de la température de la bande (T) après la dernière cage de laminoir (7) qui lamine la bande (1), pour un nombre différent (n) de cages de laminoir actives (7) et différentes épaisseurs finales; b) déterminer ou prédéterminer la vitesse de coulée (v) ou le débit massique (v x H) et introduire la valeur déterminée dans la commande de machine (8); c) déterminer le nombre optimal de cages de laminoir actives (7) et des épaisseurs finales et des réductions d'épaisseur pouvant être laminées avec celles-ci dans le train de laminoir à l'aide des courbes fonctionnelles mémorisées dans la commande de machine (8) selon l'étape a), afin d'atteindre une température de bande désirée (T) après la dernière cage de laminoir active (7) pour la vitesse de coulée donnée (v) ou pour le débit massique donné (v x H); d) utiliser un nombre de cages de laminoir (7) du train de laminoir (5) de telle manière que seules les cages de laminoir (7), dont le nombre est déterminé selon l'étape c), soient actives.
EP08785258A 2007-08-04 2008-07-31 Procédé pour fabriquer une bande d'acier Not-in-force EP2176010B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007036967 2007-08-04
DE102007058709A DE102007058709A1 (de) 2007-08-04 2007-12-06 Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bandes aus Stahl
PCT/EP2008/006316 WO2009018957A1 (fr) 2007-08-04 2008-07-31 Procédé pour fabriquer une bande d'acier

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2176010A1 true EP2176010A1 (fr) 2010-04-21
EP2176010B1 EP2176010B1 (fr) 2012-09-12

Family

ID=40176025

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08785258A Not-in-force EP2176010B1 (fr) 2007-08-04 2008-07-31 Procédé pour fabriquer une bande d'acier

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (1) US8327918B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2176010B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2010529907A (fr)
KR (1) KR101152166B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102083558A (fr)
AR (1) AR067806A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2008285980B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2689457C (fr)
DE (1) DE102007058709A1 (fr)
EG (1) EG25305A (fr)
MX (1) MX2009012903A (fr)
RU (1) RU2434696C1 (fr)
TW (1) TWI371319B (fr)
UA (1) UA97167C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009018957A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200908074B (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10335840B2 (en) 2013-07-03 2019-07-02 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Production lines and methods for hot rolling steel strip

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IT1402237B1 (it) * 2010-07-21 2013-08-28 Danieli Off Mecc Procedimento e linea di colata e laminazione continua per realizzare prodotti laminati metallici lunghi
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KR101726046B1 (ko) * 2015-06-04 2017-04-12 주식회사 포스코 연주압연장치 및 연주압연방법
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DE102007058709A1 (de) 2009-02-05
TW200927316A (en) 2009-07-01
TWI371319B (en) 2012-09-01
US8327918B2 (en) 2012-12-11
UA97167C2 (ru) 2012-01-10
US20100163205A1 (en) 2010-07-01
WO2009018957A1 (fr) 2009-02-12
AR067806A1 (es) 2009-10-21
JP2010529907A (ja) 2010-09-02
AU2008285980B2 (en) 2011-03-10
CN102083558A (zh) 2011-06-01
KR20100009649A (ko) 2010-01-28
RU2434696C1 (ru) 2011-11-27
EP2176010B1 (fr) 2012-09-12
MX2009012903A (es) 2010-01-14
RU2010107862A (ru) 2011-09-10
CA2689457A1 (fr) 2009-02-12
KR101152166B1 (ko) 2012-06-15
EG25305A (en) 2011-12-07
ZA200908074B (en) 2010-07-28
AU2008285980A1 (en) 2009-02-12
CA2689457C (fr) 2012-01-31

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