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EP1995021B1 - Procédé d'assemblage d'un élément de fixation et dispositif d'exécution du procédé - Google Patents

Procédé d'assemblage d'un élément de fixation et dispositif d'exécution du procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1995021B1
EP1995021B1 EP20080009463 EP08009463A EP1995021B1 EP 1995021 B1 EP1995021 B1 EP 1995021B1 EP 20080009463 EP20080009463 EP 20080009463 EP 08009463 A EP08009463 A EP 08009463A EP 1995021 B1 EP1995021 B1 EP 1995021B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
screw
fastening means
head
receiver
difference quotient
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20080009463
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1995021A3 (fr
EP1995021A2 (fr
Inventor
Christian Schönig
Klaus Huber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Weber Schraubautomaten GmbH
Original Assignee
Weber Schraubautomaten GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Weber Schraubautomaten GmbH filed Critical Weber Schraubautomaten GmbH
Publication of EP1995021A2 publication Critical patent/EP1995021A2/fr
Publication of EP1995021A3 publication Critical patent/EP1995021A3/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for joining a fastening means according to the preamble of claim 1 and an apparatus for carrying out this method according to the preamble of claim 8.
  • Joining methods in particular screwing methods, are well known in practice.
  • a screw is screwed into a recess provided for a recording. This is typically done with a corresponding tooling device.
  • the headrest Of particular importance in such Einschraub compiler is the headrest. This is to be understood as meaning the contact of a screw head with the receptacle receiving the screw. If the screw head reaches this support position during a screwing operation, the screw can only be screwed in a little further, and the torque rises rapidly. In the prior art, it is therefore necessary to detect the screwing depth of the screw in order to detect or predict the position of the screw head relative to the recording. For example, a screw with an increased speed screwed in just before the headrest are then tightened at a reduced speed. The speed change serves for process optimization. It is due to time reasons at the latest possible time before an increase in torque.
  • Another object is the provision of a device with which the joining method can be carried out with optimized detection of the head rest.
  • the object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and a device according to claim 8.
  • the invention is based on the recognition that a joining movement of a fastening means relative to a receiving means receiving the fastener can be controlled and controlled particularly safe and accurate, if a difference quotient ⁇ L / .DELTA.t or .DELTA.L / ⁇ is used.
  • ⁇ L let it be a path that covers the attachment means relative to the recording.
  • ⁇ t corresponds to the time unit required for this purpose.
  • ⁇ describes a rotation angle unit around which the fastening means rotates about its longitudinal axis while traversing the distance ⁇ L.
  • the use of the difference quotient ⁇ L / ⁇ is also characterized by being clearly superior to torque monitoring. It is known from the prior art to detect the headrest by an increase in the screwing torque (torque sensor or motor current). In fact, however, the headrest usually does not occur simultaneously with the increase in torque, but already before. The reason lies in a certain thread clearance between the internal thread of the receptacle and the external thread of the screw. When screwing the screw is typically on the screw head facing flanks of the internal thread and slides on this along the screwing in the depth.
  • the screw After reaching the head restraint, the screw first rotates by a certain angular share before the thread flanks of the internal thread of the receptacle facing away from the screw head are contacted by the screw thread. Only then does the actual tension between the screw head and the thread flanks arise with the consequent increase in torque.
  • the monitoring of the screwing determined so not the actual head rest, but only the incoming tension state, the time of the head restion occurs.
  • the reduction of the screwing takes place therefore inevitably with increasing torque and - depending on the absolute speed - may be too late, so as not to screw beyond the target torque.
  • the detection of the head support according to the invention with the aid of the difference quotient ⁇ L / ⁇ allows the changeover of the rotational speed even before a significant tightening torque of the screw occurs at all. This ensures consistent and good manufacturing quality over the previously known method.
  • the difference quotient ⁇ L / ⁇ furthermore solves a further problem in the prior art in which the headrest is closed by means of torque monitoring.
  • the torque In tight threads or self-tapping or self-tapping screws, the torque sometimes varies significantly and can erroneously signal the headrest when exceeding a set limit, although this is not given. Due to the inventive reference of the distance .DELTA.L to the rotational angle .DELTA..phi. And its monitoring, this error is reliably excluded.
  • a simplest embodiment of the method according to the invention for joining a fastening means, relative to an associated receptacle provides that the fastening means is introduced along a longitudinal axis via a path into the receptacle. It should be compared to the prior art, the control of the joining movement of the fastening means relative to the recording using the difference quotient .DELTA.L / .DELTA.t or .DELTA.L / ⁇ done. As already mentioned, ⁇ t describes the unit of time or ⁇ the angle of rotation unit of the fastening means rotated about its longitudinal axis, during which the fastening means covers the distance ⁇ L relative to the receptacle.
  • the fastening means is a screw provided with a thread, which is screwed into the receptacle for joining. This is done with at least one - preferably constant - Rotation speed.
  • a constant speed advantageously allows the optional use of the difference quotient .DELTA.L / .DELTA..theta. Or also .DELTA.L / .DELTA.t, since the latter results in a constant value at constant speed up to the head support.
  • this limitation does not apply anyway, due to the time independence of the distance ⁇ L from the rotational angle ⁇ .
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment consists in using a screw as a fastening means with a head whose extent perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the screw is greater than the external diameter of the screw thread. This results in the screwing necessarily a head restraint whose detection using the prescribed method is particularly simple and advantageous possible.
  • the difference quotient is to be monitored for a change in value in order to deduce the overhead therefrom.
  • the determination of the difference quotient can take place cyclically or substantially permanently, so that changes in the difference quotient are immediately recognizable also in the millisecond range become.
  • the determination of the difference quotient can be matched to the respective joining process by means of suitable limit values or tolerances, which can be achieved by specifying suitable parameters, for example in a control unit.
  • the screw-in speed can be adjusted according to the invention - and in particular reduced - after detected headrest.
  • the process meets the requirements to offer a time-optimized joining process, and to work each with optimum screwing speed.
  • the adjustment of the screw-in speed after reaching the head restraint can be done so fast (if necessary in fractions of a second), that the above-described tightening torque only occurs when tightening the screw when the adjusted speed is already set or predetermined. As already described, this ensures that the screw connection does not take place with an unsuitably high rotational speed and, for example, the target torque is exceeded.
  • the method according to the invention is also important for process monitoring.
  • a screw-off switch-off criterion with the aid of the curve or the current value of the difference quotient, the status of the screwing state or process can be determined and monitored.
  • a bolt is to be tightened with a certain target torque, it can be monitored with the aid of the difference quotient whether the feed rate of the bolt when the target torque was reached (and thus at switch-off) was zero, that is to say head support actually existed. Only then, for example, a desired bias in the screw can be applied. This can largely be ruled out that a stiff screw, which has reached its target moment before head support, as a good fitting (IO) is classified. Such a case occurs, for example, when self-tapping screws the diameter of pre-drilled hole is too small or dirty, which can not be excluded for manufacturing reasons.
  • a screw for example, makes an advance per rotation angle, so it is screwed further, or not, so stands or stuck. It can also be seen (if necessary also in conjunction with a depth measurement) whether a determined moment results from the head rest or for other reasons (eg stiff bolt, other locking).
  • control unit is designed to form the difference quotient ⁇ L / ⁇ t or ⁇ L / ⁇ , whereby the above-described advantages over the prior art can be realized.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of the course of typical sizes of a Verschraubungsbacters over time to recognize.
  • the time axis t covers the range of largely trouble-free screwing a screw in the associated recording on the moment of the headrest (t K ) addition, to the moment of torque increase due to the tension.
  • the top graph shows the torque curve. Evident is a slightly fluctuating torque to a substantially constant value. The variations can result, for example, from inaccuracies in the thread or ovality.
  • the torque maintains this largely constant value until the screw head reaches the receptacle (head rest t K ). Until the actual bracing occurs, the torque also retains its previous value over time t K and increases steeply only upon entry of the actual bracing.
  • the screw-in depth L shown below runs (once again at a screwing speed assumed to be constant) in a linearly increasing manner up to the moment of the head support t K. From then on, the screw does not return any further way, as the headrest blocks it.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a possible application of the method according to the invention.
  • a screw S is to be screwed into a receptacle A, wherein the screw S has a head K at its upper end.
  • the screw S is to be screwed about its longitudinal axis Z with a rotation angle ⁇ , wherein it travels a path L in the direction Z.
  • path sections L in conjunction with rotational angle sections ⁇ or time sections ⁇ t, the moment of the head support, that is, when the head K is seated on the upwardly facing support surface of the receptacle A, can be inventively determined and used to optimize such a joining process.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
  • Automatic Assembly (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé pour l'assemblage d'un élément de fixation (S) à un élément de réception (A) correspondant, ledit élément de fixation (S) étant introduit le long de son axe longitudinal (Z) sur une trajectoire (L) dans ledit élément de réception (A),
    caractérisé en ce que
    la commande du mouvement d'assemblage de l'élément de fixation (S) à l'élément de réception (A) est effectuée moyennant le contrôle d'une variation de valeur du quotient de différence (ΔL/Δt) ou (ΔL/Δϕ),
    (Δt) étant l'unité de temps,
    et
    (Δϕ) étant l'unité de l'angle de rotation de l'élément de fixation (S) tourné autour de son axe longitudinal (Z),
    durant laquelle l'élément de fixation (S) a parcouru la distance (ΔL) par rapport à l'élément de réception (A).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de fixation est une vis (S) qui est munie d'un filetage et qui, en vue de l'assemblage, est vissée dans l'élément de réception (A) avec au moins un nombre de rotations (n), constant de préférence.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la vis comporte une tête (K), dont la dimension perpendiculairement à la direction (Z) est supérieure au diamètre extérieur du filetage.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication précédente pour déterminer la position d'appui (position d'appui de la tête) de la tête de vis (K) sur une surface d'appui de l'élément de réception (A), caractérisé par les étapes suivantes :
    a) vissage de la vis (S) dans l'élément de réception avec une vitesse de rotation (n),
    b) détermination répétée ou permanente du quotient de différence (ΔL/Δt) ou (ΔL/Δϕ),
    c) détermination de la position d'appui de la tête moyennant le contrôle d'une variation de valeur du quotient de différence (ΔL/Δt) ou (ΔL/Δϕ).
  5. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse de rotation du vissage (n) est sensiblement constante et la position d'appui de la tête est déterminée moyennant le contrôle d'une variation de valeur du quotient de différence (ΔL/Δt).
  6. Procédé selon l'une des deux revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse de rotation du vissage (n) est ajustée, en particulier diminuée, lorsque la position d'appui de la tête est détectée.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des trois revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'évolution et/ou la valeur absolue du quotient de différence (ΔL/Δt) ou (ΔL/Δϕ) est utilisée pour évaluer l'état du vissage, en particulier en vérifiant si la tête a atteint sa position d'appui en cas d'apparition d'un critère de déconnexion sensiblement quelconque.
  8. Dispositif pour l'assemblage d'un élément de fixation (S) à un élément de réception (A) correspondant, en particulier pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comportant :
    a) des moyens d'entraînement pour assembler l'élément de fixation (S) dans sa direction longitudinale (Z) le long d'une trajectoire (L) dans l'élément de réception (A),
    b) une unité de commande destinée à commander les moyens d'entraînement,
    c) des moyens de détection pour détecter une distance (ΔL) parcourue par l'élément de fixation (S) par rapport à l'élément de réception (A),
    d) des moyens de détection pour détecter le temps (Δt) pendant lequel l'élément de fixation (S) parcourt la distance (ΔL) et/ou des moyens de détection pour détecter l'angle de rotation (Δϕ) selon lequel l'élément de fixation (S) tourne autour de son axe longitudinal (Z) pendant la distance (ΔL) parcourue,
    caractérisé en ce que
    e) l'unité de commande est réalisée pour former et contrôler une variation de valeur du quotient de différence (ΔL/Δt) ou (ΔL/Δϕ).
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de commande est réalisée pour déterminer la position d'appui (position d'appui de la tête) de la tête (K) d'un élément de fixation, réalisé en forme de vis (S), sur une surface d'appui de l'élément de réception (A) moyennant le contrôle d'une variation de valeur du quotient de différence (ΔL/Δt) ou (ΔL/Δϕ).
EP20080009463 2007-05-24 2008-05-23 Procédé d'assemblage d'un élément de fixation et dispositif d'exécution du procédé Active EP1995021B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200710024627 DE102007024627B3 (de) 2007-05-24 2007-05-24 Verfahren zur Detektion und Kontrolle des Fugens oder Lösens eines Befestigungsmittels, sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1995021A2 EP1995021A2 (fr) 2008-11-26
EP1995021A3 EP1995021A3 (fr) 2010-06-16
EP1995021B1 true EP1995021B1 (fr) 2014-04-02

Family

ID=39708009

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20080009463 Active EP1995021B1 (fr) 2007-05-24 2008-05-23 Procédé d'assemblage d'un élément de fixation et dispositif d'exécution du procédé

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1995021B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007024627B3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2494690T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10981213B2 (en) 2017-01-17 2021-04-20 Weber Schraubautomaten Gmbh Method and apparatus for setting a screw

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5733122B2 (ja) * 2011-09-12 2015-06-10 株式会社デンソーウェーブ 螺子締め装置および螺子浮き判定方法
DE102016212520B4 (de) 2016-07-08 2020-06-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Elektrowerkzeuges
DE102019120863A1 (de) 2019-08-01 2021-02-04 Atlas Copco Ias Gmbh Verfahren zur Steuerung eines mechanischen Füge- oder Umformprozesses
DE102019135273B4 (de) * 2019-12-19 2022-08-04 Atlas Copco Ias Gmbh Verfahren zum Detektieren von Verbindungselementen, insbesondere Fließlochschrauben, bei mechanischen Füge- und Umformprozessen in welchem ein Fehlerfall des Prozesses erkannt wurde
DE102021115210A1 (de) 2021-06-11 2022-12-15 Atlas Copco Ias Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Überwachung und/oder Regelung eines Fließloch- und Gewindeformprozesses
DE102021115209B4 (de) 2021-06-11 2024-08-01 Atlas Copco Ias Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Überwachung und/oder Regelung eines Fließloch- und Gewindeformprozesses
DE102022108346A1 (de) 2022-04-06 2023-10-12 Atlas Copco Ias Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Fügeelementen

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4095325A (en) * 1974-12-24 1978-06-20 Sanyo Machine Works, Ltd. Method for tightening bolts
DE3511400A1 (de) * 1985-03-29 1986-10-02 Dr. Staiger, Mohilo + Co GmbH, 7060 Schorndorf Verfahren zum ueberwachen des eindrehvorgangs einer schraube
DE3519352A1 (de) * 1985-05-30 1986-12-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Schraubvorrichtung mit motorgetriebenem schraubendreher
DE19845871A1 (de) * 1997-10-08 1999-04-15 Christoph Prof Dr Ing Hartung Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Anziehen von Schrauben
DE102005044917A1 (de) * 2005-09-20 2007-04-19 As Tech Industrie- Und Spannhydraulik Gmbh Anordnung zur Erfassung von Messgrößen in Schraubverbindungen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10981213B2 (en) 2017-01-17 2021-04-20 Weber Schraubautomaten Gmbh Method and apparatus for setting a screw

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2494690T3 (es) 2014-09-15
EP1995021A3 (fr) 2010-06-16
EP1995021A2 (fr) 2008-11-26
DE102007024627B3 (de) 2009-01-02

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