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EP1860060B1 - Apparatus for mixing microdroplets - Google Patents

Apparatus for mixing microdroplets Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1860060B1
EP1860060B1 EP06010516A EP06010516A EP1860060B1 EP 1860060 B1 EP1860060 B1 EP 1860060B1 EP 06010516 A EP06010516 A EP 06010516A EP 06010516 A EP06010516 A EP 06010516A EP 1860060 B1 EP1860060 B1 EP 1860060B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carrier
carriers
microdroplets
hydrophilic surface
another
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06010516A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1860060A1 (en
Inventor
Ulrich Dr. Rer. Nat. Sieben
Dr. Klapproth Holger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TDK Micronas GmbH
Original Assignee
TDK Micronas GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TDK Micronas GmbH filed Critical TDK Micronas GmbH
Priority to DE502006007372T priority Critical patent/DE502006007372D1/en
Priority to EP06010516A priority patent/EP1860060B1/en
Priority to US11/805,242 priority patent/US20090017505A1/en
Publication of EP1860060A1 publication Critical patent/EP1860060A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1860060B1 publication Critical patent/EP1860060B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/02Burettes; Pipettes
    • B01L3/0241Drop counters; Drop formers
    • B01L3/0262Drop counters; Drop formers using touch-off at substrate or container
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/30Micromixers
    • B01F33/302Micromixers the materials to be mixed flowing in the form of droplets
    • B01F33/3021Micromixers the materials to be mixed flowing in the form of droplets the components to be mixed being combined in a single independent droplet, e.g. these droplets being divided by a non-miscible fluid or consisting of independent droplets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/30Micromixers
    • B01F33/3035Micromixers using surface tension to mix, move or hold the fluids
    • B01F33/30351Micromixers using surface tension to mix, move or hold the fluids using hydrophilic/hydrophobic surfaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/508Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above
    • B01L3/5085Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above for multiple samples, e.g. microtitration plates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/508Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above
    • B01L3/5088Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above confining liquids at a location by surface tension, e.g. virtual wells on plates, wires
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90Heating or cooling systems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2200/00Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
    • B01L2200/02Adapting objects or devices to another
    • B01L2200/025Align devices or objects to ensure defined positions relative to each other
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2200/00Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
    • B01L2200/14Process control and prevention of errors
    • B01L2200/143Quality control, feedback systems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/08Geometry, shape and general structure
    • B01L2300/0809Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
    • B01L2300/0819Microarrays; Biochips
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/18Means for temperature control
    • B01L2300/1805Conductive heating, heat from thermostatted solids is conducted to receptacles, e.g. heating plates, blocks
    • B01L2300/1822Conductive heating, heat from thermostatted solids is conducted to receptacles, e.g. heating plates, blocks using Peltier elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/56Labware specially adapted for transferring fluids
    • B01L3/563Joints or fittings ; Separable fluid transfer means to transfer fluids between at least two containers, e.g. connectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for mixing microdroplets according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • EP 0 075 605 A1 (which discloses a device according to the preamble of claim 1) and US 2005/0019224 A1 are known devices for mixing microdroplets, which have two carriers, whose surfaces are each structured such that hydrophilic surface areas are separated by hydrophobic surface areas.
  • the carriers are positioned so close to one another by means of a positioning device with the structured surfaces facing one another that microdroplets which can be applied to the hydrophilic surface regions of the one carrier come into contact with microdroplets which can be applied to the hydrophilic surface regions of the other carrier.
  • a device for mixing microdroplets which has a first and a second carrier.
  • the surface of the first carrier is structured in such a way that hydrophilic surface regions which are closely adjacent to one another are separated from one another by a hydrophobic surface region.
  • the carriers can be positioned so close to one another that microdroplets which can be applied to the hydrophilic surface regions of the first carrier come into contact with the second carrier and with one another.
  • a device for mixing microdroplets which has a first carrier which is structured in such a way that closely adjacent first hydrophilic surface regions are separated from one another by a first hydrophobic surface region.
  • the surface of a second carrier is structured such that a second hydrophilic surface region is separated from a second hydrophobic surface region.
  • a device for mixing microdroplets which has two carriers whose surfaces are each structured such that a receiving area for a microdroplet is separated from a hydrophobic surface area.
  • the carriers are positioned by means of a positioning with the structured surfaces facing each other so close together that fall into contact with the microdroplets.
  • the device has at least three of the structured carriers, and if these carriers are selectively or alternately positionable by means of the positioning device. This makes it possible, in particular, to mix a plurality of microdroplets in succession, for example to mix first two microdroplets A and B into a microdroplet AB and then this with a microdroplet C to form a microdroplet ABC.
  • At least one carrier has a metal oxide or semimetal oxide substrate which is coated on the hydrophilic surface regions with a polymer having at least one reactive group.
  • the substrate can then be mass produced with high precision by methods of semiconductor manufacturing.
  • the positioning device on the carriers to be positioned to each other on each other cooperating centering, in particular centering bevels.
  • the carriers can then be easily positioned with their surface structuring in a predetermined position relative to each other.
  • a centering can be provided on one carrier a projection and on the other carrier a matching recess.
  • the centering elements can also be optical markers, such as e.g. Crosshairs be brought to coincide with the positioning of the carrier.
  • At least one carrier has a cooling and / or heating element, in particular a Peltier element.
  • the device can then be used to perform a polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
  • PCR polymerase chain reaction
  • An in Fig. 1 to 3 1 for mixing microdroplets 2a, 2b has two approximately plate-shaped carriers 3a, 3b, whose surfaces 4a, 4b are each structured such that a plurality of hydrophilic surface regions 5a, 5b are laterally spaced from one another by a hydrophobic surface region 6a, 6b bounding them.
  • the hydrophilic surface regions 5a, 5b are arranged in a matrix-like manner in a plurality of rows and columns.
  • the matrices of the two Carrier 3a, 3b are designed such that the hydrophobic surface regions 6a, 6b of a first carrier 3a can be used with those of a second carrier 3b to cover, when the carrier 3a, 3b with their hydrophilic surface regions 5a, 5b positioned facing each other.
  • the carrier has crosshairs formed optical position markers, which are arranged in a predetermined position relative to the hydrophilic surface regions 5a, 5b.
  • the supports 3a, 3b each consist of a semiconductor material, e.g. Silicon, which has on its surface a not shown in the drawing fluoropolymer layer which forms the hydrophobic surface region 6a, 6b.
  • a polymer hydrogel is applied, which may have reactive groups.
  • First microdroplets 2a are applied to the hydrophilic surface regions 5a of the first carrier 3a.
  • the carrier 3a may be immersed in, for example, a liquid and then withdrawn therefrom at a rate chosen to adhere the liquid only to the hydrophilic surface regions 5a.
  • the microdroplets 2a can also be applied in any other way to the hydrophilic surface regions 5a, e.g. with the help of a needle, a pipette or by printing, in particular by means of a jet printer.
  • the different surface regions 5a, 6a cause the microdroplets 2a to align themselves in such a way that they are arranged only on the hydrophilic surface regions 5a.
  • Second microdroplets 2b are applied in a corresponding manner to the hydrophilic surface regions 5a, 5b of the second carrier 3b. Then, the carriers 3a, 3b are positioned with their extension planes parallel to each other such that the hydrophilic surface regions 5a of the first carrier 3a are mirror images of the hydrophilic surface regions 5b of the second carrier 3b. For the correct alignment of the carriers 3a, 3b, the position marks 7 of the one carrier 3a are brought into coincidence with the position marks 7 of the other carrier 3b.
  • the carriers 3a, 3b are initially spaced so far apart that the microdroplets 2a, 2b do not touch.
  • the microdroplets 2a of the upper side of the first carrier 3a and the microdroplets 2b are arranged on the underside of the second carrier 3b.
  • the last-mentioned microdroplets adhere to the hydrophilic surface regions 5b against the force of gravity.
  • the plate assembly formed from the carriers 3a, 3b in a another position in the room is positioned, for example, 90 ° to a normal to the plane in FIGS. 2 and 3 turning axis turned ..
  • the carriers 3a, 3b are moved toward one another by means of a positioning device, not shown in detail in the drawing, normal to their extension planes until the microdroplets 2a located on the surface of the first carrier 3a each have a corresponding thereto Touch microdroplets 2b of the second carrier 3b and each mix with this, for example, to start a chemical reaction between the different liquids of the microdroplets 2a, 2b and / or dissolved therein substances.
  • Fig. 3 It can be seen that the carriers 3a, 3b after the mixing of the microdroplets 2a, 2b to a new microdroplet 2 are spaced apart by a narrow gap such that the microdroplets 2 are spaced from each other by the hydrophobic surface regions 6a, 6b. Microdroplets 2a, 2b, which were arranged on the same carrier 3a, 3b, therefore do not mix.
  • the positioning device has a first housing part 8a connected to the first carrier 3a and a second housing part 8b connected to the second carrier 3b.
  • the first housing part 8a has a receiving recess and the second housing part 8b has a mating projection.
  • inclined surfaces 9 are arranged, which act together with inserted into the first housing part 8a second housing part, that the housing parts 8a, 8b are centered in a predetermined position relative to each other.
  • the housing parts 8a, 8b are preferably made of an inert plastic, with which the carrier parts 3a, 3b are partially encapsulated.
  • hydrophilic surface regions 5a which are separated from one another by a hydrophobic surface region 6a, are provided only on the surface of the first carrier part 3a.
  • the hydrophilic surface regions 5a are arranged in a matrix-like manner in a plurality of rows and columns.
  • Fig. 5 It can clearly be seen that in each case two surface regions 5a are associated with each other in pairs and have a smaller distance from one another than with the remaining hydrophilic surface regions 5a.
  • the surface of the second, serving as a stamp carrier part 3b is completely hydrophilic.
  • a first microdroplet 2a and a second microdroplet 2b on the other surface area 5b are used up on a respective surface area 5a of the paired surface regions 5a.
  • the application of the microdroplets 2a, 2b can be effected for example by printing.
  • the carriers 3a, 3b are arranged with their extension planes parallel to each other, wherein the carriers 3a, 3b are initially spaced apart so far that the second carrier 3b does not touch the microdroplets 2a, 2b located on the first carrier 3a. Then the carriers are moved towards each other approximately normal to their planes of extent until the second carrier 3b touches the pairwise associated microdroplets 2a, 2b and these come into contact with each other.
  • Fig. 8 It can be seen that the carriers 3a, 3b after the mixing of the microdroplets 2a, 2b to a new microdroplet 2 are spaced apart by a narrow gap such that the microdroplets 2 are spaced from each other by the hydrophobic surface region 6a. Thus, only the pairwise associated microdroplets 2a, 2b are mixed together.
  • the arrangement of the surface areas 5a, 6a corresponds to that in FIG Fig. 5 ,
  • second hydrophilic surface regions 5b which are spaced apart from each other by a second hydrophobic surface region 6b, are provided on the second carrier.
  • the first hydrophilic surface regions 5a are as in the embodiment in Fig. 5 coated with first and second microdroplets 2a, 2b.
  • Third microdroplets 2c are applied to the second hydrophilic surface regions 5b.
  • Fig. 9 it can be seen that the carriers 3a, 3b are arranged with their extension planes parallel to one another such that the second hydrophilic surface regions 5b each have one between the first hydrophilic surface regions 5a overlap region of the first hydrophobic surface region 6a.
  • the third microdroplet 2c is arranged in the plan view of the extension planes of the carriers 3a, 3b between a first microdroplet 5a associated therewith and a second microdroplet 5b.
  • the carriers 3a, 3b are initially spaced apart from one another such that the microdroplets 2a, 2b, 2c do not touch each other. Then, the carriers are moved toward each other approximately normal to their planes of extent until the third microdroplets 2c touch and mix with the first and second microdroplets 2a, 2b.
  • Fig. 10 It can be seen that the carriers 3a, 3b after the mixing of the microdroplets 2a, 2b, 2c to a new microdroplet 2 by a narrow gap are spaced apart from each other such that the microdroplets 2 are spaced from each other by the hydrophobic surface region 6a, 6b. Thus, only three mutually associated microdroplets 2a, 2b, 2c are mixed together.
  • the first microdroplet 2a may contain hydrogen peroxide, the second microdroplet 2b luminol, and the third microdroplet a serum to be assayed, in which ligands are reacted with an enzymatic marker, e.g. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) are labeled.
  • an enzymatic marker e.g. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) are labeled.
  • At least one of the carriers 3a, 3b has at a hydrophilic surface area a moisture and / or conductivity sensor not shown in the drawing.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
  • Immobilizing And Processing Of Enzymes And Microorganisms (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Mischen von Mikrotröpfchen nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a device for mixing microdroplets according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus EP 0 075 605 A1 (das eine Vorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 offenbart) und US 2005/0019224 A1 sind Vorrichtungen zum Mischen von Mikrotröpfchen bekannt, die zwei Träger aufweisen, deren Oberflächen jeweils derart strukturiert sind, dass hydrophile Oberflächenbereiche durch hydrophobe Oberflächenbereiche getrennt sind. Die Träger sind mittels einer Positioniereinrichtung mit den strukturierten Oberflächen einander zugewandt derart dicht aneinander positionierbar, dass auf die hydrophilen Oberflächenbereiche des einen Trägers aufbringbare Mikrotröpfchen mit auf die hydrophilen Oberflächenbereiche des anderen Trägers aufbringbaren Mikrotröpfchen in Kontakt geraten.Out EP 0 075 605 A1 (which discloses a device according to the preamble of claim 1) and US 2005/0019224 A1 are known devices for mixing microdroplets, which have two carriers, whose surfaces are each structured such that hydrophilic surface areas are separated by hydrophobic surface areas. The carriers are positioned so close to one another by means of a positioning device with the structured surfaces facing one another that microdroplets which can be applied to the hydrophilic surface regions of the one carrier come into contact with microdroplets which can be applied to the hydrophilic surface regions of the other carrier.

Aus EP 0 075 605 A1 ist ferner eine Vorrichtung zum Mischen von Mikrotröpfchen bekannt, die einen ersten und einen zweiten Träger aufweist. Die Oberfläche des ersten Trägers ist derart strukturiert, dass dicht zueinander benachbarte hydrophile Oberflächenbereiche durch einen hydrophoben Oberflächenbereich voneinander getrennt sind. Mit Hilfe einer Positioniereinrichtung sind die Träger derart dicht aneinander positionierbar, dass auf die hydrophilen Oberflächenbereiche des ersten Trägers aufbringbare Mikrotröpfchen mit dem zweiten Träger und miteinander in Kontakt geraten.Out EP 0 075 605 A1 Furthermore, a device for mixing microdroplets is known which has a first and a second carrier. The surface of the first carrier is structured in such a way that hydrophilic surface regions which are closely adjacent to one another are separated from one another by a hydrophobic surface region. With the aid of a positioning device, the carriers can be positioned so close to one another that microdroplets which can be applied to the hydrophilic surface regions of the first carrier come into contact with the second carrier and with one another.

Aus EP 0 075 605 A1 ist außerdem eine Vorrichtung zum Mischen von Mikrotröpfchen bekannt, die einen ersten Träger aufweist, der derart strukturiert ist, dass dicht zueinander benachbarte erste hydrophile Oberflächenbereiche durch einen ersten hydrophoben Oberflächenbereich voneinander getrennt sind. Die Oberfläche eines zweiten Trägers ist derart strukturiert, dass ein zweiter hydrophiler Oberflächenbereich von einem zweiten hydrophoben Oberflächenbereich getrennt wird. Mit Hilfe einer Positioniereinrichtung sind die Träger mit den strukturierten Oberflächen einander zugewandt derart dicht aneinander positionierbar, dass der zweite hydrophile Oberflächenbereich einen zwischen den ersten hydrophilen Oberflächenbereichen befindlichen ersten hydrophoben Oberflächenbereich überdeckt und auf die ersten hydrophilen Oberflächenbereiche aufbringbare Mikrotröpfchen mit auf die zweiten hydrophilen Oberflächenbereiche aufbringbaren Mikrotröpfchen in Kontakt geraten.Out EP 0 075 605 A1 In addition, a device for mixing microdroplets is known, which has a first carrier which is structured in such a way that closely adjacent first hydrophilic surface regions are separated from one another by a first hydrophobic surface region. The surface of a second carrier is structured such that a second hydrophilic surface region is separated from a second hydrophobic surface region. With the aid of a positioning device, the carriers with the structured surfaces facing one another can be positioned so close to one another that the second hydrophilic surface area covers a first hydrophobic surface area situated between the first hydrophilic surface areas and microdrops which can be applied to the first hydrophilic surface regions come into contact with microdroplets which can be applied to the second hydrophilic surface regions.

Aus US 2004/0018615 A1 ist ferner eine Vorrichtung zum Mischen von Mikrotröpfchen bekannt, die zwei Träger aufweist, deren Oberflächen jeweils derart strukturiert sind, dass ein Aufnahmebereich für ein Mikrotröpfchen von einem hydrophoben Oberflächenbereich getrennt ist. Die Träger sind mittels einer Positioniereinrichtung mit den strukturierten Oberflächen einander zugewandt derart dicht aneinander positionierbar, dass auf die Mikrotröpfchen miteinander in Kontakt geraten.Out US 2004/0018615 A1 Furthermore, a device for mixing microdroplets is known, which has two carriers whose surfaces are each structured such that a receiving area for a microdroplet is separated from a hydrophobic surface area. The carriers are positioned by means of a positioning with the structured surfaces facing each other so close together that fall into contact with the microdroplets.

Es besteht deshalb die Aufgabe, eine Vorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 anzugeben, die es auf einfache Weise ermöglicht, zu kontrollieren, ob die Mikrotröpfchen miteinander in Kontakt geraten sind.There is therefore the object of specifying a device according to the preamble of claim 1, which allows a simple way to control whether the microdroplets are in contact with each other.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Durch die Strukturierung der Träger-Oberflächen in hydrophile und hydrophobe Bereiche wird bei einem Kontakt der Träger-Oberfläche mit einer wässrigen Flüssigkeit eine selbständige Justierung von Mikrotröpfchen auf den hydrophilen Bereichen ermöglicht. Danach können die Träger mit Hilfe der Positioniereinrichtung mit den hydrophilen Oberflächenbereichen auf einfache Weise derart aneinander positioniert werden, dass die Mikrotröpfchen miteinander in Kontakt geraten und sich vermischen. Mit Hilfe des Sensors lässt sich auf einfache Weise kontrollieren, ob die Mikrotröpfchen miteinander in Kontakt geraten sind, beispielsweise wenn die Flüssigkeiten der Mikrotröpfchen unterschiedliche elektrische Leitfähigkeiten aufweisen.This object is achieved with the features of claim 1. By structuring the carrier surfaces into hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions, an independent adjustment of microdroplets on the hydrophilic regions is made possible upon contact of the carrier surface with an aqueous liquid. Thereafter, the carriers can be easily positioned together with the hydrophilic surface regions by means of the positioning device in such a way that the microdroplets come into contact with each other and mix. With the help of the sensor can be easily controlled whether the microdroplets are in contact with each other, for example, if the fluids of the microdroplets have different electrical conductivities.

Vorteilhaft ist, wenn die Vorrichtung mindestens drei der strukturierten Träger aufweist, und wenn diese Träger mittels der Positioniereinrichtung wahl- oder wechselweise aneinander positionierbar sind. Dadurch ist es insbesondere möglich, mehrere Mikrotröpfchen nacheinander zu mischen, beispielsweise ein zunächst zwei Mikrotröpfchen A und B zu einem Mikrotröpfchen AB und dieses danach mit einem Mikrotröpfchen C zu einem Mikrotröpfchen ABC zu mischen.It is advantageous if the device has at least three of the structured carriers, and if these carriers are selectively or alternately positionable by means of the positioning device. This makes it possible, in particular, to mix a plurality of microdroplets in succession, for example to mix first two microdroplets A and B into a microdroplet AB and then this with a microdroplet C to form a microdroplet ABC.

Vorteilhaft ist, wenn mindestens ein Träger ein Metalloxid- oder Halbmetalloxid-Substrat aufweist, das an den hydrophilen Oberflächenbereichen mit einem mindestens eine reaktive Gruppe aufweisenden Polymer beschichtet ist. Das Substrat kann dann mit Methoden der Halbleiterfertigung als Massenware mit großer Präzision hergestellt werden.It is advantageous if at least one carrier has a metal oxide or semimetal oxide substrate which is coated on the hydrophilic surface regions with a polymer having at least one reactive group. The substrate can then be mass produced with high precision by methods of semiconductor manufacturing.

Bei einer zweckmäßigen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist die Positioniereinrichtung an den aneinander zu positionierenden Trägern miteinander zusammenwirkende Zentrierelemente auf, insbesondere Zentrierschrägen. Die Träger können dann auf einfache Weise mit ihrer Oberflächenstrukturierung in einer vorgegebenen Lage relativ zueinander positioniert werden. Als Zentrierelement kann an dem einen Träger ein Vorsprung und an dem anderen Träger eine dazu passende Vertiefung vorgesehen sein. Die Zentrierelemente können auch optische Markierungen, wie z.B. Fadenkreuze sein, die beim Aneinanderpositionieren der Träger zur Deckung gebracht werden.In an expedient embodiment of the invention, the positioning device on the carriers to be positioned to each other on each other cooperating centering, in particular centering bevels. The carriers can then be easily positioned with their surface structuring in a predetermined position relative to each other. As a centering can be provided on one carrier a projection and on the other carrier a matching recess. The centering elements can also be optical markers, such as e.g. Crosshairs be brought to coincide with the positioning of the carrier.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist mindestens ein Träger ein Kühl- und oder Heizelement auf, insbesondere ein Peltier-Element. Die Vorrichtung kann dann zur Durchführung einer Polymerase-Kettenreaktion (PCR) verwendet werden.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one carrier has a cooling and / or heating element, in particular a Peltier element. The device can then be used to perform a polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Nachfolgend sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Aufsicht auf einen ersten Träger eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Vorrichtung zum Mischen von Mikrotröpfchen,
Fig. 2
einen Querschnitt durch die mit Mikrotröpfchen beschichteten Träger des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels der Vorrichtung, wobei die Träger in ei- ner Ausgangslage angeordnet sind,
Fig. 3
eine Darstellung ähnlich Fig. 2, wobei jedoch die Träger aus der Aus- gangslage aufeinander zu bewegt wurden,
Fig. 4
einen Querschnitt durch die Träger eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels der Vorrichtung,
Fig. 5
eine Aufsicht auf einen ersten Träger eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels der Vorrichtung,
Fig. 6
eine Aufsicht auf einen zweiten Träger des dritten Ausführungsbeispiels der Vorrichtung,
Fig. 7
einen Querschnitt durch die Träger des dritten Ausführungsbeispiels der Vorrichtung, wobei die Träger in einer Ausgangslage angeordnet sind,
Fig. 8
eine Darstellung ähnlich Fig. 7, wobei jedoch die Träger aus der Aus- gangslage aufeinander zu bewegt wurden,
Fig.9
einen Querschnitt durch die mit Mikrotröpfchen beschichteten Träger eines vierten Ausführungsbeispiels der Vorrichtung, wobei die Träger in einer Ausgangslage angeordnet sind, und
Fig. 10
eine Darstellung ähnlich Fig. 9, wobei jedoch die Träger aus der Aus- gangslage aufeinander zu bewegt wurden.
Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below. Show it:
Fig. 1
a top view of a first carrier of a first embodiment of a device for mixing microdroplets,
Fig. 2
3 shows a cross section through the microdroplet-coated carrier of the first embodiment of the device, wherein the carriers are arranged in a starting position,
Fig. 3
a representation similar Fig. 2 in which, however, the carriers were moved towards one another from the starting position,
Fig. 4
a cross-section through the carrier of a second embodiment of the device,
Fig. 5
a plan view of a first carrier of a third embodiment of the device,
Fig. 6
a plan view of a second carrier of the third embodiment of the device,
Fig. 7
a cross section through the carrier of the third embodiment of the device, wherein the carriers are arranged in a starting position,
Fig. 8
a representation similar Fig. 7 in which, however, the carriers were moved towards one another from the starting position,
Figure 9
a cross section through the microdroplet coated carrier of a fourth embodiment of the device, wherein the carriers are arranged in a starting position, and
Fig. 10
a representation similar Fig. 9 However, the carriers were moved towards each other from the starting position.

Eine in Fig. 1 bis 3 gezeigte Vorrichtung 1 zum Mischen von Mikrotröpfchen 2a, 2b hat zwei etwa plattenförmige Träger 3a, 3b, deren Oberflächen 4a, 4b jeweils derart strukturiert sind, dass mehrere hydrophile Oberflächenbereiche 5a, 5b durch einen diese umgrenzenden hydrophoben Oberflächenbereich 6a, 6b seitlich voneinander beabstandet sind. Die hydrophile Oberflächenbereiche 5a, 5b sind matrixförmig in mehreren Reihen und Spalten angeordnet. Die Matrizen der beiden Träger 3a, 3b sind derart ausgestaltet, dass die hydrophoben Oberflächenbereiche 6a, 6b eines ersten Trägers 3a mit denen eines zweiten Träger 3b zur Deckung gebraucht werden können, wenn die Träger 3a, 3b mit ihren hydrophilen Oberflächenbereichen 5a, 5b einander zugewandt aneinander positioniert werden.An in Fig. 1 to 3 1 for mixing microdroplets 2a, 2b has two approximately plate-shaped carriers 3a, 3b, whose surfaces 4a, 4b are each structured such that a plurality of hydrophilic surface regions 5a, 5b are laterally spaced from one another by a hydrophobic surface region 6a, 6b bounding them. The hydrophilic surface regions 5a, 5b are arranged in a matrix-like manner in a plurality of rows and columns. The matrices of the two Carrier 3a, 3b are designed such that the hydrophobic surface regions 6a, 6b of a first carrier 3a can be used with those of a second carrier 3b to cover, when the carrier 3a, 3b with their hydrophilic surface regions 5a, 5b positioned facing each other.

In Fig. 1 ist erkennbar, dass der Träger als Fadenkreuze ausgebildete optische Positionsmarken aufweist, die in einer vorgegebenen Lage relativ zu den hydrophilen Oberflächenbereichen 5a, 5b angeordnet sind.In Fig. 1 It can be seen that the carrier has crosshairs formed optical position markers, which are arranged in a predetermined position relative to the hydrophilic surface regions 5a, 5b.

Die Träger 3a, 3b bestehen jeweils aus einem Halbleiterwerkstoff wie z.B. Silizium, der an seiner Oberfläche eine in der Zeichnung nicht näher dargestellte Fluorpolymerschicht aufweist, welche den hydrophoben Oberflächenbereich 6a, 6b bildet. Auf die Fluorpolymerschicht ist jeweils in den hydrophile Oberflächenbereichen 5a, 5b ein Polymer-Hydrogel aufgebracht, das reaktive Gruppen aufweisen kann.The supports 3a, 3b each consist of a semiconductor material, e.g. Silicon, which has on its surface a not shown in the drawing fluoropolymer layer which forms the hydrophobic surface region 6a, 6b. On the fluoropolymer layer in each case in the hydrophilic surface regions 5a, 5b, a polymer hydrogel is applied, which may have reactive groups.

Auf die hydrophilen Oberflächenbereiche 5a des ersten Trägers 3a werden erste Mikrotröpfchen 2a aufgebracht. Der Träger 3a kann dazu zum Beispiel in eine in eine Flüssigkeit eingetaucht und danach mit einer Geschwindigkeit aus dieser herausgezogen werden, die so gewählt ist, dass die Flüssigkeit nur an den hydrophilen Oberflächenbereichen 5a haften bleibt. Die Mikrotröpfchen 2a können aber auch auf beliebige andere Weise auf die hydrophilen Oberflächenbereiche 5a aufgetragen werden, z.B. mit Hilfe einer Nadel, einer Pipette oder durch Bedrucken, insbesondere mittels eines Strahldruckers. Dabei bewirken die unterschiedlichen Oberflächenbereiche 5a, 6a, dass sich die Mikrotröpfchen 2a selbständig so ausrichten, dass sie nur auf den hydrophilen Oberflächenbereichen 5a angeordnet sind.First microdroplets 2a are applied to the hydrophilic surface regions 5a of the first carrier 3a. For this purpose, the carrier 3a may be immersed in, for example, a liquid and then withdrawn therefrom at a rate chosen to adhere the liquid only to the hydrophilic surface regions 5a. However, the microdroplets 2a can also be applied in any other way to the hydrophilic surface regions 5a, e.g. with the help of a needle, a pipette or by printing, in particular by means of a jet printer. In this case, the different surface regions 5a, 6a cause the microdroplets 2a to align themselves in such a way that they are arranged only on the hydrophilic surface regions 5a.

Auf die hydrophilen Oberflächenbereiche 5a, 5b des zweiten Trägers 3b werden in entsprechender Weise zweite Mikrotröpfchen 2b aufgebracht. Dann werden die die Träger 3a, 3b mit ihren Erstreckungsebenen derart parallel zueinander positioniert, dass die hydrophilen Oberflächenbereiche 5a des ersten Trägers 3a den hydrophilen Oberflächenbereichen 5b des zweiten Trägers 3b spiegelbildlich gegenüberliegen. Zum lagerichtigen Ausrichten der Träger 3a, 3b werden die Positionsmarken 7 des einen Trägers 3a mit den Positionsmarken 7 des anderen Trägers 3b zur Deckung gebracht.Second microdroplets 2b are applied in a corresponding manner to the hydrophilic surface regions 5a, 5b of the second carrier 3b. Then, the carriers 3a, 3b are positioned with their extension planes parallel to each other such that the hydrophilic surface regions 5a of the first carrier 3a are mirror images of the hydrophilic surface regions 5b of the second carrier 3b. For the correct alignment of the carriers 3a, 3b, the position marks 7 of the one carrier 3a are brought into coincidence with the position marks 7 of the other carrier 3b.

Wie in Fig. 2 erkennbar ist, sind die Träger 3a, 3b zunächst so weit voneinander beabstandet, dass sich die Mikrotröpfchen 2a, 2b nicht berühren. Bei der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Anordnung sind die Mikrotröpfchen 2a der Oberseite des ersten Trägers 3a und die Mikrotröpfchen 2b an der Unterseite des zweiten Trägers 3b angeordnet. Die zuletzt genannten Mikrotröpfchen haften entgegen der Schwerkraft an den hydrophilen Oberflächenbereichen 5b an. Selbstverständlich ist es aber auch möglich, dass die aus den Trägern 3a, 3b gebildete Plattenanordnung in einer anderen Lage im Raum positioniert ist, beispielsweise um 90° um eine normal zur Zeichenebene in Fig. 2 und 3 verlaufende Achse gedreht..As in Fig. 2 is recognizable, the carriers 3a, 3b are initially spaced so far apart that the microdroplets 2a, 2b do not touch. At the in Fig. 2 As shown, the microdroplets 2a of the upper side of the first carrier 3a and the microdroplets 2b are arranged on the underside of the second carrier 3b. The last-mentioned microdroplets adhere to the hydrophilic surface regions 5b against the force of gravity. Of course, it is also possible that the plate assembly formed from the carriers 3a, 3b in a another position in the room is positioned, for example, 90 ° to a normal to the plane in FIGS. 2 and 3 turning axis turned ..

In einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt werden die Träger 3a, 3b mittels einer in der Zeichnung nicht näher dargestellten Positioniereinrichtung, wie z.B. einem Roboter, normal zu ihren Erstreckungsebenen solange aufeinander zu bewegt, bis die auf der Oberfläche des ersten Trägers 3a befindlichen Mikrotröpfchen 2a jeweils ein dazu korrespondierendes Mikrotröpfchen 2b des zweiten Trägers 3b berühren und sich jeweils mit diesem vermischen, beispielsweise um eine chemische Reaktion zwischen den unterschiedlichen Flüssigkeiten der Mikrotröpfchen 2a, 2b und/oder darin gelöster Stoffe zu starten. In Fig. 3 ist erkennbar, dass die Träger 3a, 3b nach dem Vermischen der Mikrotröpfchen 2a, 2b zu einem neuen Mikrotröpfchen 2 durch einen schmalen Zwischenraum derart voneinander beabstandet sind, dass die Mikrotröpfchen 2 durch die hydrophoben Oberflächenbereiche 6a, 6b voneinander beabstandet sind. Mikrotröpfchen 2a, 2b, die auf demselben Träger 3a, 3b angeordnet waren, vermischen sich also nicht.In a further method step, the carriers 3a, 3b are moved toward one another by means of a positioning device, not shown in detail in the drawing, normal to their extension planes until the microdroplets 2a located on the surface of the first carrier 3a each have a corresponding thereto Touch microdroplets 2b of the second carrier 3b and each mix with this, for example, to start a chemical reaction between the different liquids of the microdroplets 2a, 2b and / or dissolved therein substances. In Fig. 3 It can be seen that the carriers 3a, 3b after the mixing of the microdroplets 2a, 2b to a new microdroplet 2 are spaced apart by a narrow gap such that the microdroplets 2 are spaced from each other by the hydrophobic surface regions 6a, 6b. Microdroplets 2a, 2b, which were arranged on the same carrier 3a, 3b, therefore do not mix.

Bei dem in Fig. 4 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel weist die Positioniereinrichtung ein erstes, mit dem ersten Träger 3a verbundenes Gehäuseteil 8a und ein zweites, mit dem zweiten Träger 3b verbundenes Gehäuseteil 8b auf Das erste Gehäuseteil 8a hat eine Aufnahmevertiefung und das zweite Gehäuseteil 8b einen dazu passenden Vorsprung. An den Gehäuseteilen 8a, 8b sind Schrägflächen 9 angeordnet, die bei in das erste Gehäuseteil 8a eingesetztem zweiten Gehäuseteil derart zusammen wirken, dass die Gehäuseteile 8a, 8b in einer vorgegebenen Lage relativ zueinander zentriert werden. Die Gehäuseteile 8a, 8b bestehen vorzugsweise aus einem inerten Kunststoff, mit dem die Trägerteile 3a, 3b bereichsweise umspritzt sind.At the in Fig. 4 In the embodiment shown, the positioning device has a first housing part 8a connected to the first carrier 3a and a second housing part 8b connected to the second carrier 3b. The first housing part 8a has a receiving recess and the second housing part 8b has a mating projection. On the housing parts 8a, 8b inclined surfaces 9 are arranged, which act together with inserted into the first housing part 8a second housing part, that the housing parts 8a, 8b are centered in a predetermined position relative to each other. The housing parts 8a, 8b are preferably made of an inert plastic, with which the carrier parts 3a, 3b are partially encapsulated.

Bei dem in Fig. 5 bis 8 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel sind nur an der Oberfläche des ersten Trägerteils 3a hydrophile Oberflächenbereiche 5a vorgesehen, die durch einen hydrophoben Oberflächenbereich 6a voneinander getrennt sind. Die hydrophilen Oberflächenbereiche 5a sind matrixförmig in mehreren Reihen und Spalten angeordnet. In Fig. 5 ist deutlich erkennbar, dass jeweils zwei Oberflächenbereiche 5a paarweise einander zugeordnet sind und einen geringeren Abstand zueinander aufweisen als zu den übrigen hydrophilen Oberflächenbereichen 5a. Die Oberfläche des zweiten, als Stempel dienenden Trägerteils 3b ist durchgängig hydrophil.At the in Fig. 5 to 8 In the embodiment shown, hydrophilic surface regions 5a, which are separated from one another by a hydrophobic surface region 6a, are provided only on the surface of the first carrier part 3a. The hydrophilic surface regions 5a are arranged in a matrix-like manner in a plurality of rows and columns. In Fig. 5 It can clearly be seen that in each case two surface regions 5a are associated with each other in pairs and have a smaller distance from one another than with the remaining hydrophilic surface regions 5a. The surface of the second, serving as a stamp carrier part 3b is completely hydrophilic.

Auf jeweils einen Oberflächenbereich 5a der paarweise einander zugeordneten Oberflächenbereiche 5a wird ein erstes Mikrotröpfchen 2a und auf den anderen Oberflächenbereich 5b ein zweites Mikrotröpfchen 2b aufgebraucht. Das Auftragen der Mikrotröpfchen 2a, 2b kann beispielsweise durch Bedrucken erfolgen.A first microdroplet 2a and a second microdroplet 2b on the other surface area 5b are used up on a respective surface area 5a of the paired surface regions 5a. The application of the microdroplets 2a, 2b can be effected for example by printing.

Wie in Fig. 7 erkennbar ist, werden die Träger 3a, 3b mit ihren Erstreckungsebenen parallel zueinander angeordnet, wobei die Träger 3a, 3b zunächst soweit voneinander beabstandet sind, dass der zweite Träger 3b die auf dem ersten Träger 3a befindlichen Mikrotröpfchen 2a, 2b nicht berührt. Dann werden die Träger etwa normal zu ihren Erstreckungsebenen solange aufeinander zu bewegt, bis der zweite Träger 3b jeweils die paarweise einander zugeordneten Mikrotröpfchen 2a, 2b berührt und diese miteinander in Kontakt geraten.As in Fig. 7 is recognizable, the carriers 3a, 3b are arranged with their extension planes parallel to each other, wherein the carriers 3a, 3b are initially spaced apart so far that the second carrier 3b does not touch the microdroplets 2a, 2b located on the first carrier 3a. Then the carriers are moved towards each other approximately normal to their planes of extent until the second carrier 3b touches the pairwise associated microdroplets 2a, 2b and these come into contact with each other.

In Fig. 8 ist erkennbar, dass die Träger 3a, 3b nach dem Vermischen der Mikrotröpfchen 2a, 2b zu einem neuen Mikrotröpfchen 2 durch einen schmalen Zwischenraum derart voneinander beabstandet sind, dass die Mikrotröpfchen 2 durch den hydrophoben Oberflächenbereich 6a voneinander beabstandet sind. Es werden also nur die paarweise einander zugeordneten Mikrotröpfchen 2a, 2b miteinander vermischt.In Fig. 8 It can be seen that the carriers 3a, 3b after the mixing of the microdroplets 2a, 2b to a new microdroplet 2 are spaced apart by a narrow gap such that the microdroplets 2 are spaced from each other by the hydrophobic surface region 6a. Thus, only the pairwise associated microdroplets 2a, 2b are mixed together.

Bei dem in Fig. 9 und 10 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel entspricht die Anordnung der Oberflächenbereiche 5a, 6a derjenigen in Fig. 5. Zusätzlich sind jedoch an dem zweiten Träger zweite hydrophile Oberflächenbereiche 5b vorgesehen, die durch einen zweiten hydrophoben Oberflächenbereich 6b voneinander beabstandet sind. Die ersten hydrophilen Oberflächenbereiche 5a werden wie bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel in Fig. 5 mit ersten und zweiten Mikrotröpfchen 2a, 2b beschichtet. Auf die zweiten hydrophilen Oberflächenbereiche 5b werden dritte Mikrotröpfchen 2c aufgebracht.At the in FIGS. 9 and 10 In the embodiment shown, the arrangement of the surface areas 5a, 6a corresponds to that in FIG Fig. 5 , In addition, however, second hydrophilic surface regions 5b, which are spaced apart from each other by a second hydrophobic surface region 6b, are provided on the second carrier. The first hydrophilic surface regions 5a are as in the embodiment in Fig. 5 coated with first and second microdroplets 2a, 2b. Third microdroplets 2c are applied to the second hydrophilic surface regions 5b.

In Fig. 9 ist erkennbar, dass die Träger 3a, 3b mit ihren Erstreckungsebenen derart parallel zueinander angeordnet werden, dass die zweiten hydrophilen Oberflächenbereiche 5b jeweils einen zwischen den ersten hydrophilen Oberflächenbereichen 5a befindlichen Bereich des ersten hydrophoben Oberflächenbereichs 6a überdecken. Deutlich ist erkennbar, dass das dritte Mikrotröpfchen 2c in der Aufsicht auf die Erstreckungsebenen der Träger 3a, 3b jeweils zwischen einem ihm zugeordneten ersten Mikrotröpfchen 5a und einem zweiten Mikrotröpfchen 5b angeordnet ist. Dabei sind die Träger 3a, 3b zunächst soweit voneinander beabstandet, dass sich die Mikrotröpfchen 2a, 2b, 2c nicht berühren. Dann werden die Träger etwa normal zu ihren Erstreckungsebenen solange aufeinander zu bewegt, bis die dritten Mikrotröpfchen 2c die ersten und zweiten Mikrotröpfchen 2a, 2b berühren und sich mit diesen vermischen.In Fig. 9 it can be seen that the carriers 3a, 3b are arranged with their extension planes parallel to one another such that the second hydrophilic surface regions 5b each have one between the first hydrophilic surface regions 5a overlap region of the first hydrophobic surface region 6a. It can clearly be seen that the third microdroplet 2c is arranged in the plan view of the extension planes of the carriers 3a, 3b between a first microdroplet 5a associated therewith and a second microdroplet 5b. In this case, the carriers 3a, 3b are initially spaced apart from one another such that the microdroplets 2a, 2b, 2c do not touch each other. Then, the carriers are moved toward each other approximately normal to their planes of extent until the third microdroplets 2c touch and mix with the first and second microdroplets 2a, 2b.

In Fig. 10 ist erkennbar, dass die Träger 3a, 3b nach dem Vermischen der Mikrotröpfchen 2a, 2b, 2c zu einem neuen Mikrotröpfchen 2 durch einen schmalen Zwischenraum derart voneinander beabstandet sind, dass die Mikrotröpfchen 2 durch die hydrophoben Oberflächenbereich 6a, 6b voneinander beabstandet sind. Es werden also jeweils nur drei einander zugeordnete Mikrotröpfchen 2a, 2b, 2c miteinander vermischt.In Fig. 10 It can be seen that the carriers 3a, 3b after the mixing of the microdroplets 2a, 2b, 2c to a new microdroplet 2 by a narrow gap are spaced apart from each other such that the microdroplets 2 are spaced from each other by the hydrophobic surface region 6a, 6b. Thus, only three mutually associated microdroplets 2a, 2b, 2c are mixed together.

Das erste Mikrotröpfchen 2a kann Wasserstoffperoxyd, das zweite Mikrotröpfchen 2b Luminol und das dritte Mikrotröpfchen ein zu untersuchendes Serum enthalten, in dem Liganden mit einem enzymatischen Marker, wie z.B. Meerrettichperoxidase (HRP) markiert sind.The first microdroplet 2a may contain hydrogen peroxide, the second microdroplet 2b luminol, and the third microdroplet a serum to be assayed, in which ligands are reacted with an enzymatic marker, e.g. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) are labeled.

Mindestens einer der Träger 3a, 3b weist an einem hydrophilen Oberflächenbereich einen in der Zeichnung nicht näher dargestellten Feuchtigkeits- und/oder Leitfähigkeitssensor auf.At least one of the carriers 3a, 3b has at a hydrophilic surface area a moisture and / or conductivity sensor not shown in the drawing.

Claims (6)

  1. Apparatus (1) for the mixing of microdroplets (2a, 2b, 2c),
    - with at least two carriers (3a, 3b), the surfaces (4a, 4b) of which are in each case structured in such a way that at least one hydrophilic surface region (5a, 5b) is delimited by at least one hydrophobic surface region (6a, 6b), and with a positioning device, by means of which the carriers (3a, 3b) can be positioned, with the structured surfaces (4a, 4b) facing one another, sealingly one against the other in such a way that microdroplets (2a, 2b, 2c) capable of being applied to the hydrophilic surface regions (5a, 5b) come into contact with one another,
    or
    - with at least two carriers (3a, 3b), the surface (4a) of a first carrier (3a) being structured in such a way that hydrophilic surface regions (5a) closely adjacent to one another are separated from one another by at least one hydrophobic surface region (6a), and with a positioning device, by means of which the carriers (3a, 3b) can be sealingly positioned one against the other in such a way that microdroplets (2a, 2b, 2c) capable of being applied to the hydrophilic surface regions (5a) of the first carrier (3a) come into contact with a second carrier (3b) and with one another,
    or
    - with at least two carriers (3a, 3b), the surface (4a) of a first carrier (3a) being structured in such a way that first hydrophilic surface regions (5a) closely adjacent to one another are separated from one another by at least one first hydrophobic surface region (6a), the surface (4b) of a second carrier (3b) being structured in such a way that at least one second hydrophilic surface region (5b) is delimited by at least one second hydrophobic surface region (6b), and with a positioning device, by means of which the carriers (3a, 3b) can be positioned, with the structured surfaces (4a, 4b) facing one another, sealingly one against the other in such a way that the second hydrophilic surface region (5b) covers a first hydrophobic surface region (6a) located between the first hydrophilic surface regions (5a) and microdroplets (2a, 2b, 2c) capable of being applied to the first hydrophilic surface regions (5a) come into contact with microdroplets (2a, 2b, 2c) capable of being applied to the second hydrophilic surface regions (5b),
    characterized in that at least one carrier (3a, 3b) has a moisture and/or conductivity sensor.
  2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the moisture and/or conductivity sensor is arranged on a hydrophilic surface region of the carrier (3a, 3b).
  3. Apparatus (1) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has at least three of the structured carriers (3a, 3b), and in that these carriers (3a, 3b) can be selectively or alternately positioned one against the other by means of the positioning device.
  4. Apparatus (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one carrier (3a, 3b) has a metal oxide or semi-metal oxide substrate which is coated on the hydrophilic surface regions with a polymer having at least one reactive group.
  5. Apparatus (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the positioning device has centring elements, in particular centring slopes, which cooperate with one another on the carriers (3a, 3b) to be positioned one against the other.
  6. Apparatus (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one carrier (3a, 3b) has a cooling and/or heating element, in particular a Peltier element.
EP06010516A 2006-05-22 2006-05-22 Apparatus for mixing microdroplets Not-in-force EP1860060B1 (en)

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US11/805,242 US20090017505A1 (en) 2006-05-22 2007-05-22 Process and device for mixing microdroplets

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US20070047388A1 (en) * 2005-08-25 2007-03-01 Rockwell Scientific Licensing, Llc Fluidic mixing structure, method for fabricating same, and mixing method
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EP2228132A1 (en) * 2009-03-10 2010-09-15 Qiagen GmbH Isothermic PCR device
US9267170B2 (en) * 2011-09-30 2016-02-23 Life Technologies Corporation Systems and methods for biological analysis
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US6893877B2 (en) * 1998-01-12 2005-05-17 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Methods for screening substances in a microwell array
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DE19859623A1 (en) * 1998-12-23 2000-08-24 Basf Drucksysteme Gmbh Photopolymerizable printing plates with top layer for the production of relief printing plates
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US20020197733A1 (en) * 2001-06-20 2002-12-26 Coventor, Inc. Microfluidic system including a virtual wall fluid interface port for interfacing fluids with the microfluidic system
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