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EP1725811B1 - Rotating oven burner - Google Patents

Rotating oven burner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1725811B1
EP1725811B1 EP05707659A EP05707659A EP1725811B1 EP 1725811 B1 EP1725811 B1 EP 1725811B1 EP 05707659 A EP05707659 A EP 05707659A EP 05707659 A EP05707659 A EP 05707659A EP 1725811 B1 EP1725811 B1 EP 1725811B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
guide
control body
swirl
guide vanes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP05707659A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1725811A1 (en
Inventor
Ernst Schröder
Karin Kluthe
Martin Depka
Alexander Knoch
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KHD Humboldt Wedag AG
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KHD Humboldt Wedag AG
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Publication of EP1725811A1 publication Critical patent/EP1725811A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F23D1/02—Vortex burners, e.g. for cyclone-type combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F23C7/004—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion using vanes
    • F23C7/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion using vanes adjustable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner for a rotary kiln, with an annularly arranged channel for the pneumatic transport of fine solid fuel through a nozzle orifice and with a concentrically arranged combustion air duct, at the outlet of a swirl generator is arranged, which has distributed around the circumference vanes.
  • calcined cement raw meal is fired into cement clinker in the sintering zone of a rotary kiln.
  • a long burner lance is inserted into the kiln outlet end through the stationary kiln outlet casing, at the mouth of which the combustibles introduced into the lance burn to form a burner flame.
  • solid fuels in particular pulverized coal, but also pneumatically transportable waste fuels, are increasingly being used as secondary fuels.
  • Known rotary kiln burners are usually designed as so-called three-channel burners (publication " KHD Symposium '90 "volume 2 page 98 with the essay “Operating experience with the KHD PYRO-JET burner”), with at least three mutually concentric channels, that is, through the middle burner channel flows as fuel, the pneumatically transported pulverized coal, which exits through an annular gap, wherein the outflowing coal dust of radially inner as well as surrounded by radially outer primary air as combustion air.
  • the radially outer air also called jet air
  • the radially outer air is divided into a plurality of individual high-speed primary air jets by means of a plurality arranged in the annular jet air duct, which generate a negative pressure area in their environment, that is, the many high-speed primary air jets serve as propulsion jets according to the injector which the large mass of the rotary kiln burner surrounding, practically dormant hot secondary air of z. B. is sucked inwards towards the core of the burner flame about 1000 ° C, where intensive mixing of the hot secondary air takes place with the exiting through the annular nozzle coal dust, which is to burn quickly and completely to form a short hot flame.
  • the primary air duct of the known rotary kiln burner located radially inside the coal dust channel has a swirl generator at its orifice, so that the primary air emerging there receives a rotational component and is also called swirl air, swirl air or even radial air.
  • the swirl generator spirally arranged Heilausströmungskanäle on, or at the mouth of the swirl air duct of the rotary kiln burner distributed around the circumference wing-like vanes are arranged as these z.
  • All these known swirl generators are not adjustable, certainly not during operation of the rotary kiln, so that it can not be responded to different fuels used and changing flame shapes by changing the intensity and / or in particular the outflow angle of the swirl air.
  • a burner is described with adjustable vanes for generating swirling air, in which the swirl air blades can be adjusted with a complex, the combustion chamber facing mechanism.
  • the adjustment mechanism is suitable for use in burners with comparatively low energy conversion, but not for use in rotary kilns because the mechanism could easily take damage in the harsh conditions of a rotary kiln.
  • a swirl generator in which the guide vanes can be adjusted by a combustion mechanism facing the combustion chamber.
  • This adjusting mechanism is also suitable for use in burners with comparatively low energy conversion because-as described above-the sliding guide with its movable parts facing the combustion chamber could easily be damaged in the harsh conditions of a rotary kiln.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a rotary kiln burner, in particular for fine solid fuel with a swirl air duct with swirl generator, which is in order to change the outflow angle of the swirl air and change the flame shape in response to different types of fuel easily and yet effectively controlled even during the rotary kiln operation simplifies the mechanics of the burner over the prior art and at the same time the moving parts are to be removed from the combustion chamber.
  • the guide vanes of the swirl generator are set at an angle to the swirl air duct axis, and the guide vanes are each rotatable or rotatable on a radial guide blade limiter side in a ring section of the swirl air duct pivoted. At their respective opposite radial vane boundary side, the vanes each have a projecting guide pin z. B. ball pin, wherein the guide pins engage in a respective guide groove of a swirl air duct arranged annular control body.
  • the guide vanes distributed around the circumference of the swirl generator are designed as one-armed levers in that the guide pins of the guide vanes are each arranged at a distance from the pivot axis of the guide vanes.
  • Either the rotary or pivot axes of the vanes are at their radially outer side and they are pivotally mounted in the radially outer boundary tube of the swirl air duct and the guide pin and the grooved control body are located on the radially inner boundary tube side of the swirl air duct, or vice versa.
  • the guide grooves distributed around the circumference of the control body can be approximately helically shaped. Then, the control body is displaced axially, and in this way the vanes are pivoted. Or the distributed around the circumference of the control body guide grooves are deformed approximately axially rectilinear. Then, the control body is rotated, and in this way, the vanes of the swirl generator are pivoted. It is also possible to form the distributed around the circumference of the control body guide grooves over the circumference seen in position and geometry differently, z. B. in the helical position with mutually different angles to the burner longitudinal axis.
  • Fig. 1 shows the complete burner lance 7 with the introduction of coal dust 8, which burns after emerging from the burner orifice 9 to form a flame in the rotary kiln.
  • the rotary kiln burner according to the invention is a three-channel burner with a ring-shaped channel 10 for the pneumatic transport of fine-grained solid fuel such.
  • the coal dust channel 10 is concentrically surrounded by both a radially outwardly disposed combustion air duct and by a radially inner combustion air duct, these combustion air streams forming the primary air for the burner.
  • the radially outer primary air also called jet air, occurs at high speed in the form of jet streams of individual distributed around the circumference of the burner mouth arranged Burner nozzles 11 off.
  • the jet air jets are able to as much as possible surrounding the rotary kiln burner in the rotary kiln hot secondary air of z. B. 1000 ° C in the core of the burner flame for the purpose of rapid and complete coal dust combustion suck.
  • the concentrically disposed within the coal dust channel 10 further primary air duct is equipped at its mouth with a swirl generator with distributed around the circumference obliquely directed to the air flow guide vanes 12, 13, etc., so that this radially inner primary air duct is also called swirl air duct 14.
  • this radially inner primary air duct is also called swirl air duct 14.
  • In the center of the burner mouth can still be arranged at least one pilot burner.
  • the guide vanes 12, 13, etc. in the swirl air duct 14 even during operation of the rotary kiln are adjustable by the vanes in the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 3 each having a projecting cylindrical pivot pin 15 at its radially outer sides as a pivot axis, wherein the pivot pins are mounted in circumferentially spaced holes of a retaining ring 16, which by means of fastening elements such. B. bolt 17 from the burner mouth ago to the front side of the swirl air duct 14 outside limiting tube is mountable.
  • the guide vanes 12, 13, etc. on their opposite side of the pivot pin 15 each have a projecting guide pin 18, z. B. ball stud, wherein the guide pins 18 each engage in a guide groove 19, 20, etc., which are distributed around the outer periphery of an annular control body 21.
  • This control body 21 is in Fig. 4 out drawn.
  • the axial displacement of the control body 21 may, as in Fig. 1 shown by axial displacement of the control body 21 supporting the central tube 22, which is sensitive axially adjustable by means of a Verschiebegestfites 23 by means of a Spindelhubelements 24.
  • the sealing of the swirl air channel 14 is ensured by means of a compensator 25 between the axially displaceable central tube 22 and the fixed pipe connection.
  • the pivot angle set on the guide vanes 12, 13 can be recognized by scales on the adjustment drive or by electrical signal feedback.
  • the control body 21 a is not axially displaced, but rotated about its longitudinal axis, z. B. in that in the pinion 26 of the control body 21 a not shown located outside of the rotary kiln rotary drive engages to adjust in this way the vanes 12, 13, etc. of the swirl generator.
  • the invention is also applicable to retrofitting already existing rotary kiln burner. For this purpose, except for the cultivation of the adjusting mechanism at the cold end of the burner lance only the swirl system and possibly also the pulverized coal nozzle must be replaced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The aim of the invention is to produce a rotating oven burner, in particular for fine-grained solid fuel, comprising a rotating air channel (14) provided with a rotating generator which can be controlled in a simple and effective manner and also during operation of the rotating oven, in order to modify the outlet angle of the rotating air and the shape of the flame, also, in relation to the reaction with various types of fuel. According to the invention, the rotating air channel (14) comprises guide blades (12, 13) which are distributed on the periphery thereof and disposed in a pivotable manner, and guiding journals (18) which engage with the guiding grooves of an annular-shaped control body (21, 21a). The outlet angle of the rotating air emerging from the rotating air channel (14) and the shape of the flames of the rotating oven burner can be modified during operation thereof by axial displacing and/or rotating the control body.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Brenner für einen Drehrohrofen, mit einem ringförmig angeordneten Kanal zum pneumatischen Transport von feinkörnigem Festbrennstoff durch eine Düsenmündung und mit einem konzentrisch dazu angeordneten Brennluftkanal, an dessen Ausmündung ein Drallerzeuger angeordnet ist, der um den Umfang verteilte Leitschaufeln aufweist.The invention relates to a burner for a rotary kiln, with an annularly arranged channel for the pneumatic transport of fine solid fuel through a nozzle orifice and with a concentrically arranged combustion air duct, at the outlet of a swirl generator is arranged, which has distributed around the circumference vanes.

Bei einer Zementklinkerproduktionslinie wird calciniertes Zementrohmehl in der Sinterzone eines Drehrohrofens zu Zementklinker gebrannt. Zur Beheizung des Drehrohrofens ist in das Ofenauslaufende durch das stationäre Ofenauslaufgehäuse hindurch eine lange Brennerlanze eingeführt, an deren Ausmündung die in die Lanze eingeführten Brennstoffe unter Bildung einer Brennerflamme verbrennen. Dabei werden statt flüssigen und gasförmigen Brennstoffen immer häufiger Festbrennstoffe insbesondere Kohlenstaub, aber auch pneumatisch transportierbare Abfallbrennstoffe als Sekundärbrennstoffe eingesetzt.In a cement clinker production line, calcined cement raw meal is fired into cement clinker in the sintering zone of a rotary kiln. For heating the rotary kiln, a long burner lance is inserted into the kiln outlet end through the stationary kiln outlet casing, at the mouth of which the combustibles introduced into the lance burn to form a burner flame. Instead of liquid and gaseous fuels, solid fuels, in particular pulverized coal, but also pneumatically transportable waste fuels, are increasingly being used as secondary fuels.

Bei der Klinkermineralbildung im Drehrohrofen kommt es auf die richtige Temperatur und Länge der Brennerflamme an. Die Entwicklung geht dahin, infolge der hochgradigen Calcination des Zementrohmehls außerhalb des Drehrohrofens den Drehrohrofen selbst möglichst kurz zu bauen, so dass in Reaktion hierauf die Brennerflamme in der Regel möglichst kurz und heiß sein soll. Dies gilt für alle möglichen im Drehofenbrenner einsetzbaren Brennstoffe.In the case of clinker mineral formation in the rotary kiln, it depends on the correct temperature and length of the burner flame. The development is going to build as short as possible due to the high degree of calcination of cement raw meal outside the rotary kiln, the rotary kiln itself, so that in response to the burner flame should be as short as possible and usually hot. This applies to all possible fuels that can be used in the rotary kiln burner.

Bekannte Drehofenbrenner sind meist als sogenannte Dreikanalbrenner ausgebildet (Publikation " KHD Symposium '90" Band 2 Seite 98 mit dem Aufsatz "Betriebserfahrungen mit dem KHD PYRO-JET-Brenner"), mit wenigstens drei zueinander konzentrischen Kanälen, das heißt durch den mittleren Brennerkanal strömt als Brennstoff der pneumatisch transportierte Kohlenstaub, der durch eine Ringspaltdüse austritt, wobei der ausströmende Kohlenstaub von radial innerer als auch von radial äußerer Primärluft als Brennluft umgeben ist. Die radial äußere Luft, auch Jetluft genannt, wird mittels einer Vielzahl im ringförmigen Jetluftkanal angeordneter einzelner Düsen in viele einzelne Hochgeschwindigkeits-Primärluftstrahlen unterteilt, die in ihrer Umgebung ein Unterdruckgebiet erzeugen, das heißt die vielen Hochgeschwindigkeits-Primärluftstrahlen dienen als Treibstrahlen nach dem Injektorprinzip, durch welches die große Masse der den Drehofenbrenner umgebenden, praktisch ruhenden heißen Sekundärluft von z. B. etwa 1000°C nach innen in Richtung zum Kern der Brennerflamme eingesaugt wird, wo eine intensive Durchmischung der heißen Sekundärluft mit dem durch die Ringspaltdüse austretenden Kohlenstaub stattfindet, der schnell und vollständig unter Ausbildung einer kurzen heißen Flamme verbrennen soll. Wichtig dabei ist allerdings auch die Mitwirkung der radial innerhalb der Kohlenstaubdüse aus der Brennermündung austretenden Brennluftströmung.Known rotary kiln burners are usually designed as so-called three-channel burners (publication " KHD Symposium '90 "volume 2 page 98 with the essay "Operating experience with the KHD PYRO-JET burner"), with at least three mutually concentric channels, that is, through the middle burner channel flows as fuel, the pneumatically transported pulverized coal, which exits through an annular gap, wherein the outflowing coal dust of radially inner as well as surrounded by radially outer primary air as combustion air. The radially outer air, also called jet air, is divided into a plurality of individual high-speed primary air jets by means of a plurality arranged in the annular jet air duct, which generate a negative pressure area in their environment, that is, the many high-speed primary air jets serve as propulsion jets according to the injector which the large mass of the rotary kiln burner surrounding, practically dormant hot secondary air of z. B. is sucked inwards towards the core of the burner flame about 1000 ° C, where intensive mixing of the hot secondary air takes place with the exiting through the annular nozzle coal dust, which is to burn quickly and completely to form a short hot flame. However, it is important that the co-operation of the combustion air flow emerging radially inside the pulverized coal nozzle from the burner orifice is important.

Der radial innerhalb des Kohlenstaubkanals liegende Primärluftkanal des bekannten Drehofenbrenners weist an seiner Ausmündung einen Drallerzeuger auf, so dass die dort austretende Primärluft eine Rotationskomponente erhält und auch Drallluft, Swirl-Luft oder auch Radialluft genannt wird. Dazu weist der Drallerzeuger spiralförmig angeordnete Luftausströmungskanäle auf, oder an der Ausmündung des Drallluftkanals des Drehofenbrenners sind um den Umfang verteilte flügelartige Leitschaufeln angeordnet, wie diese z. B. aus der EP-B-0 421 903 bekannt sind. Alle diese bekannten Drallerzeuger sind nicht einstellbar, schon gar nicht während des Betriebes des Drehrohrofens, so dass auf unterschiedliche eingesetzte Brennstoffe sowie auf sich ändernde Flammenformen nicht durch Änderung der Intensität und/oder insbesondere des Ausströmwinkels der Drallluft reagiert werden kann.The primary air duct of the known rotary kiln burner located radially inside the coal dust channel has a swirl generator at its orifice, so that the primary air emerging there receives a rotational component and is also called swirl air, swirl air or even radial air. For this purpose, the swirl generator spirally arranged Luftausströmungskanäle on, or at the mouth of the swirl air duct of the rotary kiln burner distributed around the circumference wing-like vanes are arranged as these z. B. from the EP-B-0 421 903 are known. All these known swirl generators are not adjustable, certainly not during operation of the rotary kiln, so that it can not be responded to different fuels used and changing flame shapes by changing the intensity and / or in particular the outflow angle of the swirl air.

Aus dem Sonderdruck aus ZKG INTERNATIONAL 1993 Heft 12 Seite 779 bis 783 ist ein Drehofenbrenner bekannt, in dessen Drallluftkanal um den Umfang verteilte flexible metallische Luftschläuche mit Luftdüsen angeordnet sind, deren Luftausströmrichtung von axial bis radial eingestellt werden kann, indem die flexiblen Luftschläuche mit ihren Luftausströmdüsen auch schräg zur Brennerachse zur Erhöhung der Drallkomponente der Radialluft eingestellt werden können. Diese bekannte Dralleinstellvorrichtung eines Drehofenbrenners ist vergleichsweise aufwendig.From the special edition ZKG INTERNATIONAL 1993 Issue 12 Page 779 to 783 a rotary kiln burner is known, in whose swirl air duct distributed around the circumference flexible metallic air hoses are arranged with air nozzles, the Luftausströmrichtung from axial to radial can be adjusted by the flexible air hoses with their Luftausströmdüsen also obliquely to the burner axis to increase the swirl component of the radial clearance can be adjusted , This known spin adjustment of a rotary kiln burner is relatively expensive.

In der US 3,834,857 ist ein Brenner mit verstellbaren Leitschaufeln zur Erzeugung von Drallluft beschrieben,in dem die Drallluftschaufeln mit einer komplexen, dem Brennraum zugewandten Mechanik verstellt werden können. Die Verstellmechanik ist geeignet zum Einsatz in Brennern mit vergleichsweise geringem Energieumsatz, nicht jedoch zum Einsatz in Drehrohröfen weil die Mechanik in den rauhen Bedingungen eines Drehrohrofens leicht schaden nehmen könnte.In the US 3,834,857 a burner is described with adjustable vanes for generating swirling air, in which the swirl air blades can be adjusted with a complex, the combustion chamber facing mechanism. The adjustment mechanism is suitable for use in burners with comparatively low energy conversion, but not for use in rotary kilns because the mechanism could easily take damage in the harsh conditions of a rotary kiln.

Aus der GB 2 253 476 A ist ein Dralluftgenerator bekannt, in dem die Leitschaufeln durch eine dem Brennraum zugewandten Kulissenmechanik verstellt werden können. Auch diese Verstellmechanik ist geeignet zum Einsatz in Brennern mit vergleichsweise geringem Energieumsatz, weil -wie oben beschrieben- die Kulissenführung mit seinen beweglichen, dem Brennraum zugewandten Teilen in den rauhen Bedingungen eines Drehrohrofens leicht schaden nehmen könnte. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Drehofenbrenner insbesondere für feinkörnigen Festbrennstoff zu schaffen mit einem Drallluftkanal mit Drallerzeuger, der zwecks Änderung des Ausströmwinkels der Drallluft und Änderung der Flammenform auch in Reaktion auf unterschiedliche Brennstoffarten einfach und doch wirkungsvoll sogar während des Drehofenbetriebes steuerbar ist, wobei die Mechanik des Brenners gegenüber dem Stand der Technik vereinfacht und gleichzeitig die beweglichen Teile vom Brennraum entfernt werden sollen.From the GB 2 253 476 A a swirl generator is known in which the guide vanes can be adjusted by a combustion mechanism facing the combustion chamber. This adjusting mechanism is also suitable for use in burners with comparatively low energy conversion because-as described above-the sliding guide with its movable parts facing the combustion chamber could easily be damaged in the harsh conditions of a rotary kiln. The invention has for its object to provide a rotary kiln burner, in particular for fine solid fuel with a swirl air duct with swirl generator, which is in order to change the outflow angle of the swirl air and change the flame shape in response to different types of fuel easily and yet effectively controlled even during the rotary kiln operation simplifies the mechanics of the burner over the prior art and at the same time the moving parts are to be removed from the combustion chamber.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung mit einem Drehofenbrenner mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved according to the invention with a rotary kiln burner with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Beim erfindungsgemäßen Drehofenbrenner sind die Leitschaufeln des Drallerzeugers schräg zur Drallluftkanalachse angestellt, und die Leitschaufeln sind jeweils an einer radialen Leitschaufelbegrenzungsseite in einem Ringabschnitt des Drallluftkanals drehbar bzw verschwenkbar gelagert. An ihrer jeweils gegenüberliegenden radialen Leitschaufelbegrenzungsseite weisen die Leitschaufeln jeweils einen vorspringenden Führungszapfen z. B. Kugelzapfen auf, wobei die Führungszapfen in jeweils eine Führungsnut eines im Drallluftkanal angeordneten ringförmigen Steuerkörpers eingreifen. Durch axiales Verschieben und/oder Verdrehen des Steuerkörpers mit seinen über den Umfang verteilten Führungsnuten sind die Leitschaufeln verschenkbar und der Ausströmwinkel der über den Drallerzeuger beeinflussten Drallluft sowie die Flammenform des erfindungsgemäßen Drehofenbrenners während des Brennerbetriebes variierbar. Unterschiedliche Arten, Feinheiten und Kornverteilungen der zum Brennerbetrieb eingesetzten Brennstoffe wie z. B. Kohlenstaub, Kunststoffgranulat, gemahlene Sekundärbrennstoffe usw. haben unterschiedliche Flammenformen sowie auch Flammentemperaturen zur Folge, so dass in Reaktion auf die sich ändernden Brennstoffeigenschaften bei Einsatz des erfindungsgemäßen Drehofenbrenners immer die jeweils gewünschte Brennerflamme eingestellt werden kann.In the case of the rotary kiln burner according to the invention, the guide vanes of the swirl generator are set at an angle to the swirl air duct axis, and the guide vanes are each rotatable or rotatable on a radial guide blade limiter side in a ring section of the swirl air duct pivoted. At their respective opposite radial vane boundary side, the vanes each have a projecting guide pin z. B. ball pin, wherein the guide pins engage in a respective guide groove of a swirl air duct arranged annular control body. By axial displacement and / or rotation of the control body with its distributed over the circumference guide vanes are verschenkbar and the outflow angle influenced by the swirl generator swirl air and the flame shape of the rotary kiln burner according to the invention during burner operation variable. Different types, subtleties and grain distributions of the fuels used for burner operation such. As coal dust, plastic granules, ground secondary fuels, etc. have different flame shapes and flame temperatures result, so that in each case the respective desired burner flame can be adjusted in response to the changing fuel properties when using the rotary kiln burner according to the invention.

Nach einem besonderen Merkmal der Erfindung sind die um den Umfang des Drallerzeugers verteilten Leitschaufeln als einarmige Hebel ausgebildet, indem die Führungszapfen der Leitschaufeln jeweils mit Abstand von der Dreh- bzw. Schwenkachse der Leitschaufeln angeordnet sind. Entweder befinden sich die Dreh- bzw. Schwenkachsen der Leitschaufeln an ihrer radial außen gelegenen Seite und sie sind im radial außen liegenden Begrenzungsrohr des Drallluftkanals schwenkbar gelagert und die Führungszapfen sowie der mit Nuten versehene Steuerkörper liegen an der radial inneren Begrenzungsrohrseite des Drallluftkanals, oder umgekehrt. Jedenfalls wird bei einer Änderung der Position des Steuerkörpers mit seinen um den Umfang verteilten Führungsnuten auf die darin eingreifenden Führungszapfen wie bei einem Kurbeltrieb eine Stellkraft ausgeübt, welche das Verschwenken der Leitschaufeln und damit die Änderung des Ausströmwinkels der Drallluft des erfindungsgemäßen Drehofenbrenners zur Folge hat.According to a particular feature of the invention, the guide vanes distributed around the circumference of the swirl generator are designed as one-armed levers in that the guide pins of the guide vanes are each arranged at a distance from the pivot axis of the guide vanes. Either the rotary or pivot axes of the vanes are at their radially outer side and they are pivotally mounted in the radially outer boundary tube of the swirl air duct and the guide pin and the grooved control body are located on the radially inner boundary tube side of the swirl air duct, or vice versa. In any case, a change in the position of the control body with its distributed around the circumference guide grooves on the engaging therein guide pin as a crank drive exerted a force that the pivoting of the vanes and thus the change of Ausströmwinkels the swirling air of the rotary kiln burner according to the invention has the consequence.

Zur Herbeiführung der Verschwenkung der Leitschaufeln am Drallerzeuger des erfindungsgemäßen Drehofenbrenners können die um den Umfang des Steuerkörpers verteilten Führungsnuten etwa schraubenlinienförmig geformt sein. Dann wird der Steuerkörper axial verschoben, und auf diese Weise werden die Leitschaufeln verschwenkt. Oder die um den Umfang des Steuerkörpers verteilten Führungsnuten sind etwa axial geradlinig verformt. Dann wird der Steuerkörper verdreht, und auf diese Weise werden die Leitschaufeln des Drallerzeugers verschwenkt. Es ist auch möglich, die um den Umfang des Steuerkörpers verteilten Führungsnuten über den Umfang gesehen in Lage und Geometrie unterschiedlich zu formen, z. B. bei der schraubenlinienförmigen Lage mit untereinander unterschiedlichen Winkeln zur Brennerlängsachse. Auf diese Weise kann bei einer Betätigung des Steuerkörpers auch eine unterschiedliche bzw. unsymmetrische Winkelanstellung der Leitschaufeln bewirkt werden, beispielsweise an der Oberseite der Brennermündung ein anderer Ausströmwinkel der Drallluft eingestellt werden als an der Brennerunterseite, um auf diese Weise für besondere Durchmischungseffekte des in der Regel über eine kegelförmige Ringspaltdüse austretenden Festbrennstoffes wie z. B. Kohlenstaub zu sorgen.In order to bring about the pivoting of the guide vanes on the swirl generator of the rotary kiln burner according to the invention, the guide grooves distributed around the circumference of the control body can be approximately helically shaped. Then, the control body is displaced axially, and in this way the vanes are pivoted. Or the distributed around the circumference of the control body guide grooves are deformed approximately axially rectilinear. Then, the control body is rotated, and in this way, the vanes of the swirl generator are pivoted. It is also possible to form the distributed around the circumference of the control body guide grooves over the circumference seen in position and geometry differently, z. B. in the helical position with mutually different angles to the burner longitudinal axis. In this way, upon actuation of the control body, a different or asymmetrical angular adjustment of the guide vanes can be effected, for example at the top of the burner mouth a different Ausströmwinkel the swirl air can be set as at the burner bottom, in order for this particular mixing effects of the rule via a conical annular nozzle exiting solid fuel such. As to provide coal dust.

Die Erfindung und deren weitere Merkmale und Vorteile werden anhand der in den Figuren schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.The invention and its further features and advantages will be explained in more detail with reference to the embodiments schematically illustrated in the figures.

Es zeigt:

Fig. 1:
den erfindungsgemäßen Drehofenbrenner als komplette Brennerlanze in Seitenansicht,
Fig. 2:
vergrößert herausgezeichnet die perspektivische Ansicht auf die Brennermündung,
Fig. 3:
vergrößert herausgezeichnet aus Fig. 2 die perspektivi- sche Ansicht einer der an der Brennermündung im Drall- luftkanal verschwenkbar angeordneten Leitschaufeln,
Fig. 4:
den aus Fig. 2 vergrößert herausgezeichneten axial ver- schiebbaren Steuerkörper in perspektivischer Ansicht, und
Fig. 5:
als Variante zu Fig. 4 perspektivisch herausgezeichnet einen um seine Achse verdrehbaren Steuerkörper zum Einstellen und Verstellen der Leitschaufeln im Drallluftka- nal.
It shows:
Fig. 1:
the rotary kiln burner according to the invention as a complete burner lance in side view,
Fig. 2:
magnified drawn out the perspective view of the burner mouth,
3:
magnified out Fig. 2 the perspective view of one of the guide vanes pivotably arranged at the burner mouth in the swirl air duct,
4:
the out Fig. 2 enlarged drawn axially displaceable control body in perspective view, and
Fig. 5:
as a variant to Fig. 4 in perspective drawn out a rotatable about its axis control body for adjusting and adjusting the guide vanes in the swirl air duct.

Fig. 1 zeigt die komplette Brennerlanze 7 mit Einführung von Kohlenstaub 8, der nach Austritt aus der Brennermündung 9 unter Ausbildung einer Flamme im Drehrohrofen verbrennt. Fig. 1 shows the complete burner lance 7 with the introduction of coal dust 8, which burns after emerging from the burner orifice 9 to form a flame in the rotary kiln.

Erläutert zunächst an der Fig. 2 ist der erfindungsgemäße Drehofenbrenner ein Dreikanalbrenner mit einem ringförmig angeordneten Kanal 10 zum pneumatischen Transport von feinkörnigem Festbrennstoff wie z. B. Kohlenstaub, der durch eine Ringspaltdüsenmündung mit geringem nach außen divergierenden Winkel ausströmt. Der Kohlenstaubkanal 10 ist konzentrisch sowohl von einem radial außen angeordneten Brennluftkanal als auch von einem radial innen gelegenen Brennluftkanal umgeben, wobei diese Brennluftströme die Primärluft für den Brenner bilden. Die radial äußere Primärluft, auch Jetluft genannt, tritt mit hoher Geschwindigkeit in Form von Düsenstrahlen aus einzelnen um den Umfang der Brennermündung verteilt angeordneten Brennerdüsen 11 aus. Die Jetluftstrahlen sind in der Lage, möglichst viel der den Drehofenbrenner im Drehrohrofen umgebenden heißen Sekundärluft von z. B. 1000°C in den Kern der Brennerflamme zwecks schneller und vollständiger Kohlenstaubverbrennung einzusaugen.Explains first to the Fig. 2 the rotary kiln burner according to the invention is a three-channel burner with a ring-shaped channel 10 for the pneumatic transport of fine-grained solid fuel such. As coal dust, which flows through an annular gap nozzle orifice with a small outwardly diverging angle. The coal dust channel 10 is concentrically surrounded by both a radially outwardly disposed combustion air duct and by a radially inner combustion air duct, these combustion air streams forming the primary air for the burner. The radially outer primary air, also called jet air, occurs at high speed in the form of jet streams of individual distributed around the circumference of the burner mouth arranged Burner nozzles 11 off. The jet air jets are able to as much as possible surrounding the rotary kiln burner in the rotary kiln hot secondary air of z. B. 1000 ° C in the core of the burner flame for the purpose of rapid and complete coal dust combustion suck.

Der konzentrisch innerhalb des Kohlenstaubkanals 10 angeordnete weitere Primärluftkanal ist an seiner Ausmündung mit einem Drallerzeuger mit um den Umfang verteilten schräg zur Luftanströmung richtbaren Leitschaufeln 12, 13 etc. ausgestattet, so dass dieser radial innen gelegene Primärluftkanal auch Drallluftkanal 14 genannt wird. Im Zentrum der Brennermündung kann noch wenigstens ein Zündbrenner angeordnet sein.The concentrically disposed within the coal dust channel 10 further primary air duct is equipped at its mouth with a swirl generator with distributed around the circumference obliquely directed to the air flow guide vanes 12, 13, etc., so that this radially inner primary air duct is also called swirl air duct 14. In the center of the burner mouth can still be arranged at least one pilot burner.

Erfindungsgemäß sind die Leitschaufeln 12, 13 etc. im Drallluftkanal 14 sogar während des Betriebes des Drehrohrofens verstellbar, indem die Leitschaufeln im Ausführungsbeispiel der Figuren 2 und 3 an ihren radial äußeren Seiten als Schwenkachse jeweils einen vorspringenden zylindrischen Gelenkzapfen 15 aufweisen, wobei die Gelenkzapfen in um den Umfang verteilten Bohrungen eines Halterings 16 gelagert sind, der mittels Befestigungselementen wie z. B. Schraubenbolzen 17 von der Brennermündung her an die Stirnseite des den Drallluftkanal 14 außen begrenzenden Rohres montierbar ist. Wie aus Fig. 3 weiter hervorgeht, weisen die Leitschaufeln 12, 13 etc. an ihrer dem Gelenkzapfen 15 gegenüberliegenden Seite jeweils einen vorspringenden Führungszapfen 18, z. B. Kugelzapfen auf, wobei die Führungszapfen 18 jeweils in eine Führungsnut 19, 20 etc. eingreifen, die um den Außenumfang eines ringförmigen Steuerkörpers 21 verteilt angeordnet sind. Dieser Steuerkörper 21 ist in Fig. 4 herausgezeichnet.According to the invention, the guide vanes 12, 13, etc. in the swirl air duct 14 even during operation of the rotary kiln are adjustable by the vanes in the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 3 each having a projecting cylindrical pivot pin 15 at its radially outer sides as a pivot axis, wherein the pivot pins are mounted in circumferentially spaced holes of a retaining ring 16, which by means of fastening elements such. B. bolt 17 from the burner mouth ago to the front side of the swirl air duct 14 outside limiting tube is mountable. How out Fig. 3 further shows, the guide vanes 12, 13, etc. on their opposite side of the pivot pin 15 each have a projecting guide pin 18, z. B. ball stud, wherein the guide pins 18 each engage in a guide groove 19, 20, etc., which are distributed around the outer periphery of an annular control body 21. This control body 21 is in Fig. 4 out drawn.

Wie aus Fig. 3 noch deutlich hervorgeht, sind alle Leitschaufeln 12, 13 etc. des Drallerzeugers als einarmige Hebel ausgebildet, indem die Führungszapfen 18 mit Abstand von der Drehachse der Gelenkzapfen 15 der Leitschaufeln angeordnet sind. Wenn dann die um den Umfang des Steuerkörpers 21 verteilten Führungsnuten 19, 20 etc., wie in Figuren 2 und 4 zu sehen, schraubenlinienförmig geformt sind und der Steuerkörper axial verschoben wird, so wird damit der Anstellwinkel aller Leitschaufeln 12, 13 etc. verändert, z. B. in einem Bereich von + 40° über 0° bis - 40°. Auf diese Weise wird über den Ausströmwinkel der über den Drallerzeuger beeinflussten Drallluft die Flammenform des Drehofenbrenners während des Brennerbetriebes eingestellt und je nach Situation z. B. auf sich ändernde Zusammensetzungen des Festbrennstoffes reagiert.How out Fig. 3 Still clearly, all the guide vanes 12, 13, etc. of the swirl generator are designed as one-armed levers by the guide pins 18 are arranged at a distance from the axis of rotation of the pivot pin 15 of the vanes. If then the distributed around the circumference of the control body 21 guide grooves 19, 20, etc., as in FIGS. 2 and 4 to see, are helically shaped and the control body is moved axially, so that the angle of attack of all the vanes 12, 13, etc. changed, for. B. in a range of + 40 ° over 0 ° to - 40 °. In this way, the flame shape of the rotary kiln burner is adjusted during the burner operation on the discharge angle of the swirl air influenced by the swirl generator and, depending on the situation z. B. reacts to changing compositions of the solid fuel.

Die axiale Verschiebung des Steuerkörpers 21 kann, wie in Fig. 1 gezeigt, durch axiale Verschiebung des den Steuerkörper 21 tragenden Zentralrohres 22 erfolgen, das mit Hilfe eines Verschiebegestänges 23 mittels eines Spindelhubelements 24 feinfühlig axial verstellbar ist. Dabei wird die Abdichtung des Drallluftkanals 14 mittels eines Kompensators 25 zwischen dem axial verschiebbaren Zentralrohr 22 und dem feststehenden Rohranschluss sichergestellt. Der an den Leitschaufeln 12, 13 jeweils eingestellte Schwenkwinkel lässt sich durch Skalen am Verstelltrieb oder durch elektrische Signalrückmeldung erkennen.The axial displacement of the control body 21 may, as in Fig. 1 shown by axial displacement of the control body 21 supporting the central tube 22, which is sensitive axially adjustable by means of a Verschiebegestänges 23 by means of a Spindelhubelements 24. In this case, the sealing of the swirl air channel 14 is ensured by means of a compensator 25 between the axially displaceable central tube 22 and the fixed pipe connection. The pivot angle set on the guide vanes 12, 13 can be recognized by scales on the adjustment drive or by electrical signal feedback.

Sind nach dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 5 die um den Umfang des Steuerkörpers 21 a verteilten Führungsnuten 19a, 20a etwa axial geradlinig geformt, wird der Steuerkörper 21 a nicht axial verschoben, sondern um seine Längsachse verdreht, z. B. dadurch, dass in das Ritzel 26 des Steuerkörpers 21 a ein nicht dargestellter außerhalb des Drehrohrofens befindlicher Drehantrieb eingreift, um auf diese Weise die Leitschaufeln 12, 13 etc. des Drallerzeugers zu verstellen.Are the embodiment of the Fig. 5 the distributed around the circumference of the control body 21 a guide grooves 19 a, 20 a formed approximately axially rectilinear, the control body 21 a is not axially displaced, but rotated about its longitudinal axis, z. B. in that in the pinion 26 of the control body 21 a not shown located outside of the rotary kiln rotary drive engages to adjust in this way the vanes 12, 13, etc. of the swirl generator.

Die Erfindung ist auch anwendbar zur Umrüstung bereits vorhandener Drehofenbrenner. Dazu müssen außer dem Anbau der Verstellmechanik am kalten Ende der Brennerlanze nur das Drallsystem und ggf. noch die Kohlenstaubringdüse ausgewechselt werden.The invention is also applicable to retrofitting already existing rotary kiln burner. For this purpose, except for the cultivation of the adjusting mechanism at the cold end of the burner lance only the swirl system and possibly also the pulverized coal nozzle must be replaced.

Claims (6)

  1. Burner for a rotary kiln, comprising a passage (10) arranged in an annular manner for the pneumatic transport of fine-grained solid fuel through a nozzle orifice and comprising a swirl air passage (14) which is arranged concentrically thereto and at the outlet of which a swirl generator is arranged, said swirl generator having guide vanes (12, 13) distributed around the periphery, wherein
    a) the guide vanes (12, 13) of the swirl generator are set obliquely to the swirl air passage axis, wherein
    b) the guide vanes (12, 13) are each pivotably mounted (15) on a first radial guide vane boundary side in a fixedly mounted retaining ring (16) of the swirl air passage (14), and wherein
    c) the guide vanes (12, 13) each have a projecting guide pin (18) on their second radial guide vane boundary side opposite the respective first guide vane boundary side,
    characterized in that
    d) the guide pins (18) each engage in one of the guide grooves (19, 20, 19a, 20a) distributed around the periphery of an annular control body (21, 21a), and in that
    e) the guide vanes (12, 13) pivot about a radial axis of the swirl air passage (14) by axial displacement and/or rotation of the control body (21, 21a).
  2. Burner according to Claim 1, characterized in that the guide vanes (12, 13) of the swirl generator are designed as one-armed levers by the guide pins (18) thereof being arranged at a distance from the pivot (15) of the guide vanes.
  3. Burner according to Claim 2, characterized in that the guide grooves (19, 20) distributed around the periphery of the control body (21) are helically formed and the control body (21) is axially displaceable.
  4. Burner according to Claim 2, characterized in that the guide grooves (19a, 20a) distributed around the periphery of the control body (21a) are formed in an approximately axially rectilinear manner and the control body (21a) is rotatable.
  5. Burner according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guide vanes (12, 13) each have, as a pivot, a projecting cylindrical pivot pin (15), said pivot pins (15) being mounted in holes, distributed around the periphery, of the retaining ring (16), which can be mounted by means of fastening elements (17) from the burner orifice on the end face of a tube defining the swirl air passage (14).
  6. Burner lance (7) having a burner according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that an actuator (24) for adjusting the central tube (22), carrying the control body (21, 21a), of the burner lance (7) is arranged on the cold end of the burner lance (7).
EP05707659A 2004-03-02 2005-02-28 Rotating oven burner Expired - Lifetime EP1725811B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004010063A DE102004010063A1 (en) 2004-03-02 2004-03-02 Rotary kiln burner
PCT/EP2005/002099 WO2005085707A1 (en) 2004-03-02 2005-02-28 Rotating oven burner

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EP1725811A1 EP1725811A1 (en) 2006-11-29
EP1725811B1 true EP1725811B1 (en) 2011-08-03

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DE (1) DE102004010063A1 (en)
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US10724735B2 (en) 2017-12-14 2020-07-28 Midea Group Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for distributing heat from a burner
US10739009B2 (en) 2017-12-14 2020-08-11 Midea Group Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for distributing heat from a burner

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DE102005053820A1 (en) * 2005-11-11 2007-05-16 Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh Method and device for monitoring the condition of the protective jacket of a rotary kiln burner
DE102005053819A1 (en) 2005-11-11 2007-05-16 Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh Rotary kiln burner
DE102006060867B4 (en) * 2006-12-22 2020-07-02 Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh Rotary kiln burners
DE102006060869A1 (en) * 2006-12-22 2008-06-26 Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh Method for controlling the operation of a rotary kiln burner
CN104696953A (en) * 2013-12-07 2015-06-10 黄冈圣嘉高新机电设备有限公司 Blade angle adjustable four-channel whirl pulverized coal burner
US11209171B1 (en) 2020-06-30 2021-12-28 Midea Group Co., Ltd. Gas burner lighting via rotation
AT524888A1 (en) * 2021-03-23 2022-10-15 Mme Eng E U Ultra low NOx burner

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DE2905746C2 (en) * 1979-02-15 1985-11-07 Pillard Feuerungen GmbH, 6204 Taunusstein Burners for fine-grain solid fuels and their combination with liquid and / or gaseous fuels
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10724735B2 (en) 2017-12-14 2020-07-28 Midea Group Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for distributing heat from a burner
US10739009B2 (en) 2017-12-14 2020-08-11 Midea Group Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for distributing heat from a burner

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DK1725811T3 (en) 2011-11-21
EP1725811A1 (en) 2006-11-29
DE102004010063A1 (en) 2005-09-22
BRPI0508293A (en) 2007-07-31
WO2005085707A1 (en) 2005-09-15
ATE519073T1 (en) 2011-08-15

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