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EP1780495B1 - Kompakte pyrotechnische Sicherheitsvorrichtung. - Google Patents

Kompakte pyrotechnische Sicherheitsvorrichtung. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1780495B1
EP1780495B1 EP06291654A EP06291654A EP1780495B1 EP 1780495 B1 EP1780495 B1 EP 1780495B1 EP 06291654 A EP06291654 A EP 06291654A EP 06291654 A EP06291654 A EP 06291654A EP 1780495 B1 EP1780495 B1 EP 1780495B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elements
transmission channel
safety device
barrier
micro
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP06291654A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1780495A1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Magnan
Renaud Lafont
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KNDS Ammo France SA
Original Assignee
Nexter Munitions SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nexter Munitions SA filed Critical Nexter Munitions SA
Publication of EP1780495A1 publication Critical patent/EP1780495A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1780495B1 publication Critical patent/EP1780495B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/18—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved
    • F42C15/184—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved using a slidable carrier

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of firing safety devices for pyrotechnic apparatus.
  • DSAs Security devices
  • DSAs are well known. They generally comprise a screen closing a transmission channel which connects an initiator and a pyrotechnic charge.
  • the screen is thus interposed on the flame passage between the initiator and the load and it prevents the ignition or firing of the latter.
  • the springs do not make it possible to produce a reversible operating device (that is to say that can move from its safety position to its armed position and vice versa).
  • the US-3750589 which forms a base for the preamble of claim 1, discloses a safety and arming device which is actuated by centrifugal force.
  • This device comprises several disks that are housed in a chamber that fills with a fluid during firing. Each disk carries a channel, the centripetal force causes the disks to move relative to each other in the fluid and the geometric characteristics of each disk are defined so that, after such a displacement, the different channels of each disk are are aligned and form a continuous axial transmission channel between a primer and an explosive charge.
  • the operation of such a device is complex and not very reproducible.
  • each disk alone constitutes a screen that must be moved from a safety position in which it closes the transmission channel to an armed position in which its hole is aligned with this channel.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a safety device for firing mass reduced and yet reliable and effective.
  • the subject of the invention is a firing safety device for a pyrotechnic device, the device described by claim 1.
  • the elements of the screen can move radially relative to the transmission channel, the elements being, in a safety position of the device, in mutual contact at a zone disposed opposite the transmission channel.
  • the elements of the screens will comprise, at their contact zone, form-concordance profiles whose juxtaposition will constitute at least one baffle providing a seal against the gases generated by the initiator.
  • the elements of the screens will have the shape of cylindrical sectors.
  • the device may thus comprise four elements in the form of sectors.
  • the elements of the screens may have a substantially parallelepipedal shape, and in that the axis of the transmission channel passes through them at one of their transverse plane of smaller section.
  • the elements of the screen may be arranged one over the other opposite the transmission channel, each element having lights separated by tabs, the tabs of a first element closing the lights the second element when the device is in a safety position and the tabs revealing the lights when the device is in the armed position.
  • the transmission channel will have a section whose surface will be less than or equal to 1 mm 2 while being chosen greater than the ignition surface of the pyrotechnic charge.
  • the elements and their motor means will be made in the form of micro-machined or micro engraved parts, reported or made on a wafer of a substrate.
  • the safety device may thus comprise at least two micro-machined or micro-engraved plates, stacked one on the other, control means ensuring a synchronized movement of the elements of the various plates.
  • a firing safety device 1 for a pyrotechnic vehicle 2 comprises a housing 3 which is fixed by means (not shown) on the holster 4 of the pyrotechnic machine 2.
  • the case 4 contains a pyrotechnic charge 5 (for example an explosive on which a priming relay 5a is placed) and the safety device 1 carries an initiator 6.
  • the initiator 6 is connected to the explosive charge 5 by a transmission channel 7.
  • a mobile screen 8 closes the transmission channel 7 and prevents the initiation of the charge 5,5a by the initiator 6.
  • the device 1 is represented on the figure 1 in his security position.
  • the screen 8 is held in this safety position by an electrically operated lock 9 (retractor). Once unlocked the screen 8 slides in its housing 10 by the action of a motor means 11, which is here a spring and it adopts an armed position.
  • a motor means 11 which is here a spring and it adopts an armed position.
  • the hole 12 carried by the screen 8 is positioned opposite the channel 7 and allows the initiation of the load 5, 5a.
  • An electronic control means 13 is connected to the initiator 6 and the latch 9. It ensures on the one hand the control of the lock leading to the arming of the device and on the other hand the firing of the initiator 6.
  • the arming of the device intervenes only as a result of the detection of a certain number of events necessarily associated with the shot (for example the acceleration of firing for a projectile). This is the way that manages these events. It is therefore connected to sensors (not shown) and incorporates event management software.
  • figure 1 is schematic and does not prejudge the dimensions and proportions of the different components shown.
  • Licences FR2650662 and FR2801099 describe known devices.
  • the main disadvantage of this device is the significant stroke of the screen 8. This stroke is usually of the order of ten mm and is related to the dimensions adopted for the screen.
  • the screen must have sufficient mechanical strength to ensure the interruption of the pyrotechnic chain.
  • the firing of the primer must not lead to that of the load 5, 5a.
  • the screen must therefore effectively stop the pyrotechnic effect from the initiator 6.
  • a first characteristic of the invention it will be sought to reduce the size of the device by reducing the stroke of the screen. For this we divide the screen into at least two elements that can move relative to each other. The total arming stroke of the screen can then be divided into several partial strokes of each element of the screen. Each screen element can not by itself close the transmission channel but the various screen elements will cooperate together to close this channel.
  • the figure 2 thus shows a first embodiment of the invention in which the screen 8 comprises two elements 8a and 8b which are arranged one on the other facing the transmission channel 7.
  • the element 8a is fixed (for example glued to a bottom wall of the housing 10) while the element 8b is movable and displaced by a motor means 11 which is here a micro motor actuated by the control means 13.
  • each element 8a, 8b of the screen comprises slots 14a or 14b which are separated by tabs 15a or 15b.
  • the elements 8a and 8b are more particularly visible on the Figures 3a and 3b .
  • the lights 14a and 14b of each element 8a and 8b have substantially the same dimensions.
  • the tabs 15a and 15b also have substantially the same dimensions as the lights.
  • Gas leakage can be minimized by mastering design sets and manufacturing tolerances.
  • the transmission channel 7 is then completely closed.
  • the motor means 11 When arming the device the motor means 11 will push the element 8b in the direction D. It pushes it on a stroke C which is equal to the width of a tongue 15a or 15b.
  • Elements 8a and 8b thus adopt the armed position of the figure 4b .
  • the lights 14a of the element 8a are opposite the lights 14b of the element 8b.
  • the transmission channel 7 is then partially unobstructed.
  • the skilled person will choose the number of lights 14 and size according to the desired opening area to ensure the initiation of the composition 5,5a by the initiator 6. This surface will of course also depend on the surface of the transmission channel 7 as well as pyrotechnic characteristics of the initiator 6 and the composition 5, 5a.
  • the race will therefore be reduced as the width of a tongue 15 will be small and therefore the number of lights 14 will be important for a given section of the transmission channel.
  • the thickness and nature of the material of the elements 8a, 8b will be chosen according to the characteristics of the initiator 6.
  • the elements 8a, 8b may be made of steel or of silicon.
  • Elements 8a and 8b may have a width and a length of the order of ten millimeters, which is two to three times smaller than the dimensions of known screens.
  • the elements may be of even smaller dimensions and will advantageously be in the form of micro-machined or micro engraved parts on a wafer of a substrate, for example an insulating substrate.
  • MEMS Micro Electro Mechanical System
  • the figures 5 and 6 show in a partial manner a second embodiment of a safety device according to the invention.
  • This device is shown in cross-section and the transmission channel 7 appears on the figure 5 in the form of a dashed circle.
  • the screen 8 here consists of four cylinder sectors of 90 ° each: 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d. These sectors are each delimited by orthogonal planes 16.
  • Each sector 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d can be moved radially by a motor means 11a, 11b, 11c or 11d.
  • the device is represented at figure 5 in its safety position in which the four sectors are joined two by two and completely close the transmission channel 7.
  • the elements are in contact with each other at contact surfaces 16 which are here plans 16ab, 16ad, ... 16cb (cf. figure 6 ).
  • the different planes 16 are in contact at a zone which is arranged opposite the transmission channel 7.
  • the device is represented at figure 6 in its armed position in which each sector 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d has been moved radially along the directions Da, Db, Dc or Dd by the action of the motor means 11a, 11b, 11c or 11d.
  • the transmission channel 7 is then partially unobstructed.
  • each element 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d it is sufficient to move each element 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d by a relatively small distance to unobstruct a large part of the channel 7. It will be noted that with displacements elements of a distance D slightly greater than one third of the radius of the channel 7 have a surface of the channel 7 which is close to half of its total surface.
  • the movements required are therefore of reduced amplitude which allows a decrease in size of the device and a minimum stored energy to ensure the unlocking.
  • the dimensions of the sectors 8 and the amplitude of the displacements D will be chosen so that the unobstructed surface is sufficient to allow the initiation of the pyrotechnic charge 5, 5a by the initiator 6 (elements not represented in these figures but situated in both sides of channel 7).
  • the height of the different sectors 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d will of course be chosen according to the characteristics of the initiator 6 and the load 5,5a.
  • the various motor means may be made in the form of micro electric motors or in the form of springs. In the latter case there will be provided a locking means which will ensure the maintenance of the sectors in the safety position of the figure 5 .
  • This locking means will be released to allow the device to be armed.
  • the figures 7 and 8 show a third embodiment of the invention.
  • the screen 8 consists of two elements 8a and 8b which can move radially with respect to the transmission channel 7.
  • the elements 8a and 8b here have a substantially parallelepipedal shape and their thickness is greater than or equal to the diameter of the channel 7.
  • Each element 8a, 8b is movable by a motor means 11a, 11b (here micro electric motors connected to the control means 13).
  • the elements 8a, 8b are in mutual contact at a zone which is arranged facing the transmission channel 7.
  • the contact surfaces 16a, 16b here have shape-concordant profiles consisting of a succession of teeth delimited by planes inclined with respect to the axis 17 of the channel 7.
  • the juxtaposition of the teeth thus constitutes baffles which make it possible to improve the tightness to the gases generated by the initiator 6.
  • the figure 8 shows the device in its armed position. Each motor means has moved an element in a direction Da or Db. The channel 7 is then released and the initiation of the load 5,5a is allowed.
  • Each element 8a, 8b has thus moved by a distance substantially equal to one half-diameter of the channel.
  • the movements are therefore of reduced amplitude which allows a decrease in the size of the device and a minimum stored energy to ensure the unlocking.
  • the invention makes it possible to reduce the size of the screen and to greatly reduce the travel strokes.
  • MEMS technology is well known to those skilled in the art. We will thus be able to consult patents EP1559986 and EP1559987 which describe security devices implementing MEMS. Generally, given their small size, the MEMS implemented in known security devices use a mobile screen to interrupt an optical firing signal. Such a screen is not directly interposed between the pyrotechnic initiator and the load, and the interruption of the pyrotechnic chain is not ensured.
  • the invention seeks on the contrary to implement a mobile MEMS technology screen to directly and reliably interrupt the pyrotechnic initiation chain between an initiator and a load.
  • an initiator comprising an output stage of 10 milligrams of Hexogen coupled to a very insensitive relay, for example in HNS (hexanotrostilbene), it was possible to make a transmission channel 7 of less than 1 mm 2 section (channel diameter of the order of mm) while ensuring the desired initiation transmission.
  • conventional initiators have an output stage of about 30 milligrams of Hexogen. The initiator 6 chosen therefore has a reduced power.
  • the critical diameter of the HNS is 0.5 mm and this explosive therefore requires to be initiated a surface priming substantially 0.2 mm 2 which is much lower than the section of the transmission channel.
  • a housing 3 of such a MEMS component encloses a substrate 18, for example insulating (glass or silicon) on which are formed the elements 8a and 8b in the form of micro-machined or micro engraved parts.
  • the elements 8a and 8b have been shown here schematically and in their safety position. They both carry on their contact surfaces 16a, 16b tooth profiles.
  • micro-machined latch 20 which may for example be constituted by a thermal fuse or an electrothermal or electromagnetic actuator.
  • motor means 11a and 11b which will for example be micro-machined springs.
  • the elements 8a and 8b have a substantially parallelepipedal shape and that the axis 17 of the transmission channel 7 passes through them at one of their transverse plane P of smaller section.
  • the screen does not receive, as in the prior art, the pyrotechnic effect along a direction oriented according to the thickness of the screen but in a direction which is parallel to the plane of movement of the elements and which thus encounters one of the most large dimensions of the screen.
  • MEMS micro-machined technology
  • Electrothermal or electromagnetic actuators are well known in the field of MEMS. The same applies to fuses and micro-machined springs.
  • fuses and micro-machined springs For example, we can refer to patents EP1573782 , US2005139577 , US6691513 and US2004027029 which describe possible solutions.
  • the thickness of the micro-machined elements does not exceed half a millimeter. To ensure the closure of a channel of 1 mm in diameter it is necessary to stack at least two micro mechanisms on one another.
  • the Figures 10a and 10b allow to specify the structure of such a device associating two MEMS.
  • the housing 3 thus encloses two plates of a substrate 18.1 and 18.2, for example an insulating substrate, each bonded to a glass plate 19.1, 19.2.
  • the plate 18.1 carries two movable elements 8a.1 and 8b.1.
  • the plate 18.2 similarly carries two movable elements 8a.2 and 8b.2.
  • Each movable element is displaceable by a motor means 11a.1, 11b.1; 11a.2, 11b.2.
  • a lock means 20.1 or 20.2 makes it possible to ensure at each plate the immobilization of the two elements of the screen in question.
  • a slight assembly clearance (a few microns) will be provided to allow the joint movements of the elements 8 carried by the two plates.
  • Each plate is connected to the electronic control means 13 which are designed to ensure the synchronized movement of the elements 8 of the various plates.
  • a connector 21 which provides the interface between the pads and the cable from the control means 13. It is also shown schematically on the figure 10b by bold lines certain conductive tracks carried by the pads 18.1, 18.2 and connecting the micro-machined elements and actuators to the connector 21.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Superstructure Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Zünd-Sicherheitsvorrichtung (1) für pyrotechnisches Gerät (2), wobei die Vorrichtung ein Gehäuse (3), eine Blende (8) umfasst, die einen einen Initiator (6) und eine pyrotechnische Ladung (5, 5a) verbindenden Übertragungskanal (7) derartig verschließt, dass die Blende (8) wenigstens zwei Elemente (8a, 8b) umfasst, von denen sich wenigstens eines in Bezug auf das andere durch die Einwirkung von Motormitteln (11, 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d) zwischen einer Sicherheitsposition, in der sie zusammenwirken, um den Übertragungskanal (7) zu verschließen, und einer scharfen Position, in der sie wenigstens teilweise einen Teil des Übertragungskanals (7) freigeben, verlagern kann, wobei die Vorrichtung dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass jedes Element (8a, 8b) der Blende nicht für sich selbst den Übertragungskanal (7) verschließen kann, sondern die verschiedenen Elemente der Blende (8) wirken miteinander zusammen, um diesen Kanal (7) zu verschließen.
  2. Sicherheitsvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elemente der Blende (8) sich radial in Bezug auf den Übertragungskanal (7) verlagern können, wobei die Elemente in einer Sicherheitsposition der Vorrichtung in gegenseitigem Kontakt im Bereich einer Zone sind, die dem Übertragungskanal (7) gegenüber angeordnet ist.
  3. Sicherheitsvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elemente der Blende (8) im Bereich ihrer Kontaktzone Profile (16a, 16b) mit übereinstimmender Gestalt umfassen, deren Aneinanderfügung wenigstens ein Hindernis darstellt, das eine Dichtigkeit gegenüber den durch den Initiator (6) erzeugten Gasen gewährleistet.
  4. Sicherheitsvorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elemente (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d) der Blende (8) die Form von zylindrischen Sektoren aufweisen.
  5. Sicherheitsvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie vier Elemente (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d) in Form von Sektoren umfasst.
  6. Sicherheitsvorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elemente (8a, 8b) der Blende (8) eine im wesentlichen parallelepipedische Form besitzen und dass die Achse (17) des Übertragungskanals (7) sie im Bereich einer ihrer Querebene P mit kleinstem Querschnitt durchdringt.
  7. Sicherheitsvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elemente (8a, 8b) der Blende (8) übereinander in Bezug auf den Übertragungskanal (7) angeordnet sind, wobei jedes Element Öffnungen (14a, 14b) umfasst, die von Stegen (15a, 15b) getrennt sind, wobei die Stege (15a, 15b) eines ersten Elementes die Öffnungen (14a, 14b) des zweiten Elementes verschließen, wenn die Vorrichtung in einer Sicherheitsposition ist, und die Stege (15a, 15b) die Öffnungen (14a, 14b) aufdecken, wenn die Vorrichtung in scharfer Position ist.
  8. Sicherheitsvorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Übertragungskanal (7) einen Querschnitt aufweist, dessen Fläche kleiner oder gleich 1 mm2 ist, wobei sie noch größer als die Zündfläche der pyrotechnischen Ladung (5, 5a) gewählt ist.
  9. Sicherheitsvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elemente (8a, 8b) und ihre Motormittel (11) in der Form von mikrobearbeiteten oder mikrogeätzten Teilen hergestellt sind, die auf ein Plättchen eines Substrats (18, 18.1, 18.2) eingebracht oder hergestellt werden.
  10. Sicherheitsvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie wenigstens zwei aufeinander gestapelte mikrobearbeitete oder mikrogeätzte Plättchen (18.1, 18.2) und Steuermittel (13) umfasst, die eine synchronisierte Verlagerung der Elemente der verschiedenen Plättchen (18.1, 18.2) gewährleistet.
EP06291654A 2005-10-27 2006-10-25 Kompakte pyrotechnische Sicherheitsvorrichtung. Active EP1780495B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0511120A FR2892809B1 (fr) 2005-10-27 2005-10-27 Dispositif de securite pyrotechnique a dimensions reduites

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1780495A1 EP1780495A1 (de) 2007-05-02
EP1780495B1 true EP1780495B1 (de) 2009-06-10

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Family Applications (1)

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EP06291654A Active EP1780495B1 (de) 2005-10-27 2006-10-25 Kompakte pyrotechnische Sicherheitsvorrichtung.

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7490553B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1780495B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE433560T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602006007202D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2328061T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2892809B1 (de)
NO (1) NO340125B1 (de)

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US7142087B2 (en) 2004-01-27 2006-11-28 Lucent Technologies Inc. Micromechanical latching switch
FR2892809B1 (fr) * 2005-10-27 2010-07-30 Giat Ind Sa Dispositif de securite pyrotechnique a dimensions reduites
FR2892810B1 (fr) * 2005-10-27 2010-05-14 Giat Ind Sa Dispositif de securite pyrotechnique a ecran micro usine

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FR2892809A1 (fr) 2007-05-04
FR2892809B1 (fr) 2010-07-30
EP1780495A1 (de) 2007-05-02
NO340125B1 (no) 2017-03-13
NO20064899L (no) 2007-04-30
US20070131127A1 (en) 2007-06-14
DE602006007202D1 (de) 2009-07-23
US7490553B2 (en) 2009-02-17
ATE433560T1 (de) 2009-06-15
ES2328061T3 (es) 2009-11-06

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