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EP1638675B1 - Dispersing device - Google Patents

Dispersing device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1638675B1
EP1638675B1 EP20040730991 EP04730991A EP1638675B1 EP 1638675 B1 EP1638675 B1 EP 1638675B1 EP 20040730991 EP20040730991 EP 20040730991 EP 04730991 A EP04730991 A EP 04730991A EP 1638675 B1 EP1638675 B1 EP 1638675B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzles
nozzle
inlet
outlet
accordance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20040730991
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1638675A1 (en
Inventor
Marko Buchholz
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EKATO Process Technologies GmbH
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EKATO Process Technologies GmbH
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Publication of EP1638675A1 publication Critical patent/EP1638675A1/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/105Mixing heads, i.e. compact mixing units or modules, using mixing valves for feeding and mixing at least two components
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/20Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams
    • B01F25/23Mixing by intersecting jets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/20Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams
    • B01F25/27Mixing by jetting components into a conduit for agitating its contents
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2215/00Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/04Technical information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/0413Numerical information
    • B01F2215/0418Geometrical information
    • B01F2215/0422Numerical values of angles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2215/00Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/04Technical information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/0413Numerical information
    • B01F2215/0418Geometrical information
    • B01F2215/0431Numerical size values, e.g. diameter of a hole or conduit, area, volume, length, width, or ratios thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2215/00Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/04Technical information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/0413Numerical information
    • B01F2215/0436Operational information
    • B01F2215/0468Numerical pressure values
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593Systems
    • Y10T137/87249Multiple inlet with multiple outlet

Definitions

  • Both the inlet nozzles and the outlet nozzles are advantageously each arranged at an angle in the range of about 10 ° to 350 ° relative to each other, an ideal case in the range of about 45 ° to 315 ° is suitable, and an angle ⁇ of substantially 180 ° is preferred.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)

Abstract

A dispersing device for dispersing, homogenizing and mixing fluidic multi-component systems and for dispersing, homogenizing, mixing and micronizing solids includes a nozzle body, two inlet nozzle assemblies and two outlet nozzle assemblies which are received in the nozzle body. These nozzle assemblies are connected to a central inner space of the nozzle body via corresponding bores. The inner space can have a circular, quadratic, rectangular or elliptical cross-section. The inlet nozzle assemblies and the outlet nozzle assemblies are provided in pairs, whereby at least one pair of inlet nozzle assemblies and one pair of outlet nozzle assemblies are provided, although an odd number of inlet nozzle assemblies and outlet nozzle assemblies can also be provided, e.g. 3, 5 or 7.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Dispergiervorrichtung, insbesondere zum Dispergieren, Homogenisieren und Mischen von fluiden Mehrkomponentensystemen sowie zum Dispergieren, Homogenisieren und Mischen und Mikronisieren von Feststoffen.The invention relates to a dispersing device, in particular for dispersing, homogenizing and mixing fluid multicomponent systems and for dispersing, homogenizing and mixing and micronizing solids.

Dispergiervorrichtungen dieser Art werden gewöhnlich in Verbindung mit Hochdruckhomogenisatoren eingesetzt.Dispersing devices of this type are usually used in conjunction with high-pressure homogenizers.

In JP 56 058530 A ist eine Hochdrucktechnik zur Herstellung feiner Emulsionen und Suspensionen gezeigt. Als bestimmende Faktoren werden (nur) die Scherkräfte in einer Art Düsensystem genannt. In dieser Druckschrift ist ein einstufiges System angegeben; Austrittsdüsen sind nicht gezeigt.In JP 56 058530 A a high pressure technique for the preparation of fine emulsions and suspensions is shown. The determining factors are (only) the shear forces in a kind of nozzle system. In this document, a single-stage system is given; Outlet nozzles are not shown.

WO 98/00228 A zeigt eine Dispergiervorrichtung mit einem Ventilsystem mit Scherspalten (das einstufig ist). Eine Verweilzeit ist gemäß dieser Druckschrift fest vorgegeben. Gemäß der Zusammenfassung werden zur Dispergierung nahezu nur Dehnkräfte verwendet. WO 98/00228 A shows a dispersing device with a valve system with shear gaps (which is single-stage). A residence time is fixed according to this document. According to the summary, almost only tensile forces are used for dispersion.

WO 01/28670 A zeigt eine Dispergiervorrichtung mit einem Düsenkörper, in den mit dem Innenraum in Verbindung stehende Eintritts- und Austrittsdüsen eingesetzt sind, wobei wenigstens ein Paar Eintrittsdüsen und ein Paar Austrittsdüsen vorgesehen sind. WO 01/28670 A shows a disperser with a nozzle body, in which the interior communicating inlet and outlet nozzles are inserted, wherein at least a pair of inlet nozzles and a pair of outlet nozzles are provided.

Die als nächstliegend angesehene Druckschrift DE 101 41 054 A zeigt einen Strahlreaktor zur Durchführung physikalischer und chemischer Stoffumwandlungen mit einem gasgefüllten Reaktorgehäuse mit seitlichen Öffnungen mit justierbar gelagerten Fluideingängen und diesen jeweils gegenüberliegenden Fluidausgängen.The publication considered closest DE 101 41 054 A shows a jet reactor for performing physical and chemical conversions with a gas-filled reactor housing with side openings with adjustably mounted fluid inputs and these opposite fluid outputs.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht somit darin, eine Vorrichtung zum Dispergieren, Mikronisieren usw. der dispersen Phase zur Verfügung zu stellen, mit welcher eine Stabilisierung der erzeugten Tropfen, Partikel usw. erreicht werden kann.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a device for dispersing, micronizing, etc. of the disperse phase available, with which a stabilization of the generated droplets, particles, etc. can be achieved.

Diese Aufgabe wird insbesondere durch eine Vorrichtung erreicht, wie sie im Anspruch 1 angegeben ist, wobei der Innenraum, in Verbindung mit den Eintrittsdüsen und Austrittsdüsen, derart ausgebildet ist, dass in ihm eine Strömungsform auftritt, durch welche die gewünschte effiziente Stabilisierung der erzeugten Tropfen, Partikel usw. erreicht werden kann. Weiterhin ist der Durchflussquerschnitt der Austrittsdüsen größer als der Durchflussquerschnitt der Eintrittsdüsen. Insbesondere kann durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung einer Vorrichtung zum Dispergieren, Mikronisieren usw. eine gute Stabilisierung des Produkts erreicht werden.This object is achieved in particular by a device as set forth in claim 1, wherein the interior space, in conjunction with the inlet nozzles and outlet nozzles, is designed in such a way that a flow form occurs therein through which the desired efficient stabilization of the drops produced, Particles, etc. can be achieved. Furthermore, the flow area of the outlet nozzles is greater than the flow area of the inlet nozzles. In particular, a good stabilization of the product can be achieved by the inventive design of a device for dispersing, micronizing, etc.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

Die Eintrittsdüse und die Austrittsdüse weisen vorzugsweise einen kreisförmigen, rechteckigen oder elliptischen Querschnitt auf.The inlet nozzle and the outlet nozzle preferably have a circular, rectangular or elliptical cross section.

Die Eintrittsdüse weist bevorzugt einen Durchmesser bzw. eine Schlitzweite im Bereich von etwa 0,1 bis 5 mm und insbesondere im Bereich von etwa 0,2 bis 0,6 mm auf.The inlet nozzle preferably has a diameter or a slot width in the range of about 0.1 to 5 mm and in particular in the range of about 0.2 to 0.6 mm.

Die Austrittsdüse weist bevorzugt einen Durchmesser bzw. eine Schlitzweite im Bereich von etwa 0,1 bis 10,0 mm und insbesondere im Bereich von etwa 0,2 bis 2,0 mm auf.The outlet nozzle preferably has a diameter or a slot width in the range of about 0.1 to 10.0 mm and in particular in the range of about 0.2 to 2.0 mm.

Sowohl die Eintrittsdüsen als auch die Austrittsdüsen sind vorteilhafterweise jeweils in einem Winkel im Bereich von etwa 10° bis 350° relativ zueinander angeordnet, wobei ein Idealfall im Bereich von etwa 45° bis 315° geeignet ist, und ein Winkel α von im Wesentlichen 180° bevorzugt wird.Both the inlet nozzles and the outlet nozzles are advantageously each arranged at an angle in the range of about 10 ° to 350 ° relative to each other, an ideal case in the range of about 45 ° to 315 ° is suitable, and an angle α of substantially 180 ° is preferred.

Jede der Eintrittsdüsen und der Austrittsdüsen ist zweckmäßigerweise mit einem Düsenhalter versehen, in welchem die eigentliche Düse aufgenommen ist.Each of the inlet nozzles and the outlet nozzles is expediently provided with a nozzle holder, in which the actual nozzle is accommodated.

Der Düsenhalter ist vorzugsweise mit einem konischen Zulauf und/oder einem konischen Auslauf ausgestattet.The nozzle holder is preferably equipped with a conical inlet and / or a conical outlet.

Nach einer Weiterbildung können die Eintrittsdüsen eines Düsenpaars parallel versetzt zueinander angeordnet sein.According to a development, the inlet nozzles of a nozzle pair can be arranged offset parallel to one another.

Ferner können die Eintrittsdüsen in einem Winkel β geschwenkt zur Längsmittelachse des Düsenkörpers angeordnet sein, und zwar derart, dass die Mittelachse der jeweiligen Eintrittsdüse exzentrisch zum Mittelpunkt der Dispergiervorrichtung verläuft.Furthermore, the inlet nozzles can be arranged at an angle β pivoted to the longitudinal central axis of the nozzle body, in such a way that the central axis of the respective inlet nozzle is eccentric to the center of the dispersing device.

Der Winkel β kann bezogen auf die Längsmittelachse der Dispergiervorrichtung im Bereich von etwa 0° bis 80° liegen.The angle β may be in the range of about 0 ° to 80 ° with respect to the longitudinal central axis of the dispersing device.

Die Anzahl von vorgesehenen Eintrittsdüsen und Austrittsdüsen ist vorzugsweise ungerade, wie z.B. drei, fünf oder sieben.The number of inlet and outlet nozzles provided is preferably odd, such as three, five or seven.

Vorzugsweise bestehen die Düsen aus einem besonders verschleißfesten Material, wie zum Beispiel Saphir, Diamant, Siliziumkarbid oder Keramik.
Beispielsweise Ausführungsformen der Erfindung werden nachfolgend an Hand der Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Querschnitt der erfindungsgemäßen Dispergiervorrichtung,
Fig. 2
im Schnitt eine Düse mit ihrer Halterung,
Fig. 3
schematisch die Anordnung der Düsen im Winkel zueinander,
Fig. 4a
und 4b Beispiele für den Strömungsverlauf im Innenraum der Dispergiervorrichtung, und
Fig. 5 und 6
schematisch Beispiele für den Einbau der Eintrittsdüsen in den Düsenkörper.
Preferably, the nozzles are made of a particularly wear-resistant material, such as sapphire, diamond, silicon carbide or ceramic.
For example, embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
a cross section of the dispersing device according to the invention,
Fig. 2
on average, a nozzle with its holder,
Fig. 3
schematically the arrangement of the nozzles at an angle to each other,
Fig. 4a
and FIG. 4b show examples of the flow in the interior of the dispersing device, and FIG
FIGS. 5 and 6
schematic examples of the installation of the inlet nozzles in the nozzle body.

Die Dispergiervorrichtung 10 nach Figur 1 umfaßt einen Düsenkörper 12, vorzugsweise aus Edelstahl, mit quadratischem oder rechteckigem Querschnitt. Der Querschnitt kann aber auch, wie in Figur 3 dargestellt, kreisförmig ausgebildet sein.The disperser 10 after FIG. 1 comprises a nozzle body 12, preferably made of stainless steel, with a square or rectangular cross-section. The cross section can also, as in FIG. 3 shown to be circular.

In den Düsenkörper 12 sind, wie Figur 1 zeigt, zwei Eintrittsdüsen, allgemein mit 14 bezeichnet, und zwei Austrittsdüsen, allgemein mit 16 bezeichnet, eingesetzt. Die Düsen 14, 16 stehen über entsprechende Bohrungen 18 mit einem zentralen Innenraum 20 in Verbindung. Der Innenraum 20 kann einen kreisförmigen, quadratischen, rechteckigen oder elliptischen Querschnitt aufweisen. Die Einlassdüsen 14 und die Auslassdüsen 16 sind stets paarweise ausgebildet, wobei mindestens ein Paar Einlassdüsen 14 und ein Paar Auslassdüsen 16 vorgesehen sind. Es kann aber auch eine ungerade Zahl von Einlassdüsen und Auslassdüsen, z.B. 3, 5 oder 7, vorgesehen werden.In the nozzle body 12 are how FIG. 1 shows two inlet nozzles, generally designated 14, and two outlet nozzles, generally designated 16, inserted. The nozzles 14, 16 are connected via corresponding bores 18 with a central interior 20 in connection. The interior 20 may have a circular, square, rectangular or elliptical cross-section. The inlet nozzles 14 and the outlet nozzles 16 are always formed in pairs, wherein at least a pair of inlet nozzles 14 and a pair of outlet nozzles 16 are provided. However, an odd number of inlet nozzles and outlet nozzles, eg 3, 5 or 7, may also be provided.

Wie insbesondere Figur 4a zeigt, umfaßt jede der Einlassdüsen und der Auslassdüsen 14, 16 einem Düsenkopf 22, der, mit Außengewinde versehen und, in eine im Düsenkörper 12 ausgebildete Gewindebohrung 42 eingeschraubt ist. Jeder Düsenkopf 22 ist mit einer Längsbohrung 24 versehen für die Zufuhr bzw. Abfuhr der zu behandelnden Stoffe.In particular FIG. 4a 1, each of the inlet nozzles and the outlet nozzles 14, 16 includes a nozzle head 22 which is externally threaded and threaded into a threaded bore 42 formed in the nozzle body 12. Each nozzle head 22 is provided with a longitudinal bore 24 for the supply or removal of the substances to be treated.

Zwischen dem inneren Ende jedes Düsenkopfes 22 und der zugehörigen zum Innenraum 20 führenden Bohrung 18 ist ein Düsenhalter 26 angeordnet, der bei den Austrittsdüsen 16 mit dem Düsenkopf 22 zum Beispiel über entsprechende Gewinde verbunden ist. Bei den Eintrittsdüsen 14 ist der Düsenhalter 26 mittels eines kurzen an Hand von Figur 2 noch zu beschreibenden zylindrischen Bundes in die jeweilige Bohrung 18 eingesetzt.Between the inner end of each nozzle head 22 and the associated leading to the inner bore 20 bore 18, a nozzle holder 26 is arranged, which is connected at the outlet nozzles 16 with the nozzle head 22, for example via corresponding thread. In the inlet nozzles 14, the nozzle holder 26 by means of a short at hand of FIG. 2 to be described cylindrical collar inserted into the respective bore 18.

Jede der Gewindebohrungen 42 ist, wie dargestellt, mit einer Druckentlastungsbohrung 28 versehen.Each of the threaded bores 42 is provided with a pressure relief bore 28, as shown.

Figur 2 zeigt schematisch im Schnitt den Düsenhalter 26, in welchem eine Düse 30 aufgenommen ist. Die Durchflussrichtung durch die Düse 30 ist bei den Eintrittsdüsen wie bei den Austrittsdüsen dieselbe und durch den Pfeil P in Figur 2 gezeigt. Der Düsenhalter 26 ist mit einem Zulauf 32 zur Düse 30 und einem Ablauf 34 von der Düse 30 sowie einer den gesamten Düsenhalter 26 durchlaufenden Längsbohrung 36 versehen. FIG. 2 schematically shows in section the nozzle holder 26, in which a nozzle 30 is received. The direction of flow through the nozzle 30 is the same at the inlet nozzles as at the outlet nozzles and is indicated by the arrow P in FIG FIG. 2 shown. The nozzle holder 26 is provided with an inlet 32 to the nozzle 30 and a drain 34 of the nozzle 30 and a longitudinal bore 36 passing through the entire nozzle holder 26.

Der Querschnitt des Zulaufes 32 und der Querschnitt des Ablaufes 34 ist vorzugsweise konisch ausgebildet, kann aber auch zylindrisch sein.The cross section of the inlet 32 and the cross section of the drain 34 is preferably conical, but may also be cylindrical.

Die konische Ausbildung von Zulauf 32 und Ablauf 34 führt zu einer Reduzierung des Strömungsverlustes im Zu- und Auslauf der Düsen. Außerdem bewirkt der konische Auslaß bei den Eintrittsdüsen 14 eine Zwangsaufweitung des Fluidstrahles, die sich positiv auf die Turbulenzentwicklung im Düsenkörper 12 auswirkt.The conical design of inlet 32 and outlet 34 leads to a reduction of the flow loss in the inlet and outlet of the nozzles. In addition, the conical outlet at the inlet nozzles 14 causes a forced expansion of the fluid jet, which has a positive effect on the turbulence development in the nozzle body 12.

Die Düse 30 kann im Querschnitt kreisförmig, schlitzförmig oder rechteckig ausgebildet sein, wobei der Durchmesser bzw. die Schlitzweite bei der Eintrittsdüse 14/30 im Bereich von etwa 0,1 bis 5 mm, und vorzugsweise im Bereich von 0,2 bis 0,6 mm liegt. Bei schlitzförmigen oder rechteckigen Düsen beziehen sich diese Maßangaben auf den kleineren Wert, d.h. auf die Schlitzweite oder Schlitzhöhe. Die Länge der schlitzförmigen oder rechteckigen Düse 30 kann im Bereich von 1 bis etwa 50 mm liegen.The nozzle 30 may be circular, slot-shaped or rectangular in cross-section, the diameter or slot width of the inlet nozzle 14/30 being in the range of about 0.1 to 5 mm, and preferably in the range of 0.2 to 0.6 mm is located. For slit or rectangular nozzles, these measures refer to the smaller value, i. on the slot width or slot height. The length of the slit-shaped or rectangular nozzle 30 may be in the range of 1 to about 50 mm.

Bei der Austrittsdüse 30/16 liegt der Durchmesser bzw. die Schlitzweite im Bereich von etwa 0,1 bis 10,0 mm, und vorzugsweise im Bereich von etwa 0,2 bis 2 mm. Auch hier beziehen sich diese Maßangaben bei der schlitzförmigen oder rechteckigen Düse auf den kleineren Wert, d.h. auf die Schlitzweite oder Schlitzhöhe. Die Länge der schlitzförmigen oder rechteckigen Düse liegt beispielsweise im Bereich von 1 bis etwa 50 mm.In the discharge nozzle 30/16, the diameter or slot width is in the range of about 0.1 to 10.0 mm, and preferably in the range of about 0.2 to 2 mm. Again, these dimensions in the slit or rectangular nozzle refer to the smaller value, i. on the slot width or slot height. The length of the slit-shaped or rectangular nozzle is, for example, in the range of 1 to about 50 mm.

Der Durchmesser bzw. die Schlitzweite oder allgemein der Düsenquerschnitt ist bei der Austrittsdüse 30/16 stets größer als bei der Eintrittsdüse 30/14. Hierbei wird der Durchmesser bzw. die Schlitzweite der Austrittsdüse 30/16 so gewählt, dass etwa 1 bis unter 50 % des Gesamtdruckabfalles über den Austritt des Mediums aus der Dispergiervorrichtung erfolgt.The diameter or the slot width or generally the nozzle cross section is always larger at the outlet nozzle 30/16 than at the inlet nozzle 30/14. Here, the diameter or the slot width of the outlet nozzle 30/16 is selected so that about 1 to less than 50% of the total pressure drop takes place via the outlet of the medium from the dispersing device.

Der Düsenhalter 26 hat, wie Figur 2 zeigt, an seinem von der Düse 30 abgewandten Ende einen zylindrischen Bund 44, der, wie die Figuren 1 und 4 zeigen, bei den Eintrittsdüsen 14 in die Bohrungen 18 eingesetzt ist, während er bei den Austrittsdüsen 16 im Düsenkopf 22 aufgenommen ist.The nozzle holder 26 has, as FIG. 2 shows, at its end remote from the nozzle 30 a cylindrical collar 44, which, like the FIGS. 1 and 4 at the inlet nozzles 14 is inserted into the bores 18, while it is received at the outlet nozzles 16 in the nozzle head 22.

Die Düse 30 besteht aus einem verschleißfesten Material, wie zum Beispiel Saphir, Diamant, Siliziumkarbid oder Keramik oder auch ähnlichen Materialien.The nozzle 30 is made of a wear-resistant material, such as sapphire, diamond, silicon carbide or ceramic or similar materials.

Der Düsenkörper 12 kann, wie zum Beispiel bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 1, einen quadratischen Querschnitt haben, oder aber wie bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 3, einen Kreisquerschnitt.The nozzle body 12 may, as for example in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 , have a square cross-section, or as in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 , a circular cross-section.

Bei dieser letzteren Ausführungsform sind die Eintrittsdüsen 14 und die Austrittsdüsen 16 auf einem Kreis in den Düsenkörper 12 eingebracht.In this latter embodiment, the inlet nozzles 14 and the outlet nozzles 16 are introduced in a circle in the nozzle body 12.

(In Figur 3 ist der Düsenkörper 12 nur schematisch dargestellt, ferner sind nur die Düsenhalter 26 der Eintrittsdüsen 14 gezeigt.)(In FIG. 3 if the nozzle body 12 is shown only schematically, furthermore only the nozzle holders 26 of the inlet nozzles 14 are shown.)

Der Winkel α zwischen den Mittelachsen der beiden Eintrittsdüsen 14 kann im Bereich von etwa 10° bis 350°, zweckmäßigerweise im Bereich von etwa 45° bis 315° liegen, und er beträgt vorzugsweise 180°.The angle α between the center axes of the two inlet nozzles 14 may be in the range of about 10 ° to 350 °, suitably in the range of about 45 ° to 315 °, and it is preferably 180 °.

Auch der entsprechende Winkel zwischen den Mittelachsen der beiden Austrittsdüsen 16 kann in einem Bereich von etwa 10° bis 350°, zweckmäßigerweise in einem Bereich von etwa 45° bis 315° liegen, und er beträgt vorzugsweise 180°.Also, the corresponding angle between the center axes of the two outlet nozzles 16 may be in a range of about 10 ° to 350 °, conveniently in a range of about 45 ° to 315 °, and it is preferably 180 °.

In der bevorzugten Ausführungsform, also bei einem Winkel α = 180° zwischen den beiden Eintrittsdüsen 14 treffen die eintretenden Fluidstrahlen direkt aufeinander. Dies hat zur Folge, dass der Impuls der Strahlen sich sehr schnell aufhebt, wobei der Zeitraum für die Aufhebung des Impulses der aufeinander treffenden Fluidstrahlen in erster Linie von der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit abhängig ist. Diese wiederum steht in engem Zusammenhang mit dem Druckabfall und den Stoffeigenschaften der zu behandelnden Substanzen. Wie oben bereits erwähnt, werden die Abmessungen der Düsen 30 so gewählt, dass weniger als 50% des Gesamtdruckabfalles in den Austrittsdüsen erfolgt. Dadurch kann das Maß und der Ort von Kavitationserscheinungen kontrolliert werden. Der Gesamtdruckabfall über das Düsensystem liegt über 10 bar und vorzugsweise über 100 bar.In the preferred embodiment, ie at an angle α = 180 ° between the two inlet nozzles 14, the incoming fluid jets strike each other directly. As a result, the momentum of the jets is canceled very quickly, with the time taken to cancel the momentum of the impinging fluid jets primarily dependent on the flow rate. This in turn is closely related to the pressure drop and the material properties of the substances to be treated. As mentioned above, the dimensions of the nozzles 30 are chosen to be less than 50% of the total pressure drop in the exit nozzles. This allows the degree and location of cavitation phenomena to be controlled. The total pressure drop across the nozzle system is above 10 bar and preferably above 100 bar.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 3, aber auch bei den Ausführungsformen nach den Figuren 1 und 4, beträgt der Winkel α zwischen den beiden Eintrittsdüsen 14 180°, und der entsprechende Winkel zwischen den beiden Austrittsdüsen 16 beträgt ebenfalls 180°.In the embodiment according to FIG. 3 , but also in the embodiments according to the FIGS. 1 and 4 , the angle α is between the two Entry nozzles 14 180 °, and the corresponding angle between the two outlet nozzles 16 is also 180 °.

In Figur 5 ist jedoch eine Ausführungsform dargestellt, bei der der Winkel zwischen den beiden Austrittsdüsen 16 180° beträgt, während der Winkel α zwischen den beiden Eintrittsdüsen 14 kleiner als 180° ist. Bei dieser Strömungsführung, bei der also die Fluidstrahlen in einem Winkel α kleiner als 180° aufeinander treffen, hebt sich der Impuls der Fluidstrahlen langsamer auf als bei α = 180°. Bei manchen Stoffsystemen (zum Beispiel bei einer langsameren Adsorptionsgeschwindigkeit des Emulgators) kann jedoch eine solche Anordnung zweckmäßig sein.In FIG. 5 However, an embodiment is shown in which the angle between the two outlet nozzles 16 is 180 °, while the angle α between the two inlet nozzles 14 is smaller than 180 °. In this flow guide, in which therefore the fluid jets meet at an angle α smaller than 180 ° to each other, the momentum of the fluid jets rises more slowly than at α = 180 °. For some material systems (for example, at a slower adsorption rate of the emulsifier), however, such an arrangement may be appropriate.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 6 sind die Längsmittelachsen 40 der beiden. Eintrittsdüsen 14 parallel zueinander versetzt, was zur Folge hat, dass die Fluidstrahlen gezielt aneinander vorbei strömen. Im Grenzbereich der beiden Fluidstrahlen wird jedoch eine intensive Durchmischung erreicht, wobei das Ausmaß dieser Durchmischung abhängig von der Größe der Parallelversetzung der beiden Eintrittsdüsen steuerbar ist. Dies kann bei heterogenen Systemen zu einer gezielten Bi- oder Mehrmodalität in der Größenverteilung der dispersen Phase führen.In the embodiment according to FIG. 6 are the longitudinal center axes 40 of the two. Entry nozzles 14 offset parallel to each other, with the result that the fluid jets flow selectively past each other. In the boundary region of the two fluid jets, however, an intensive mixing is achieved, wherein the extent of this mixing is controllable depending on the size of the parallel displacement of the two inlet nozzles. In the case of heterogeneous systems, this can lead to a targeted bi- or multi-modality in the size distribution of the disperse phase.

Eine andere Möglichkeit, die Fluidstrahlen bei den Eintrittsdüsen 14 nicht direkt aufeinander treffen zu lassen, ist in Figur 3 schematisch dargestellt.Another possibility, the fluid jets at the inlet nozzles 14 does not meet directly on each other, is in FIG. 3 shown schematically.

Relativ zur Längsmittelachse 38 (oder Längsmittelebene) des Düsenkörpers 12 kann die in Figur 3 untere Eintrittsdüse 26/14 um einen Winkel β geschwenkt werden. Mit 40 ist hierbei die Mittelachse der geschwenkten Eintrittsdüse 26/14 bezeichnet. Der Schwenkpunkt ist aber nicht der Mittelpunkt M des Düsenkörpers 12, sondern ein Punkt S, der gegeben ist durch den Schnittpunkt der Längsmittelachse 38 mit der Wand des Innenraumes 20. Die Fluidstrahlen aus dieser in dieser Weise geschwenkten Eintrittsdüse 14 sind daher nicht direkt auf den Mittelpunkt M des Düsenkörpers 12 zu gerichtet.Relative to the longitudinal center axis 38 (or longitudinal center plane) of the nozzle body 12, the in FIG. 3 lower inlet nozzle 26/14 are pivoted by an angle β. With 40 here the central axis of the pivoted inlet nozzle 26/14 is designated. The pivot point is not the center M of the nozzle body 12, but a point S, which is given by the intersection of the longitudinal center axis 38 with the wall of the inner space 20. The fluid jets from this in this way pivoted inlet nozzle 14 are therefore not directly to the center M of the nozzle body 12 to addressed.

Auch bei dieser Ausführungsform strömen daher die aus den beiden Eintrittsdüsen 14 kommenden Fluidstrahlen gezielt aneinander vorbei mit den bereits oben beschriebenen Folgen.Also in this embodiment, therefore, the fluid jets coming from the two inlet nozzles 14 selectively flow past each other with the consequences already described above.

Bezogen auf die Längsmittelachse 38 kann der Winkel β im Bereich von etwa 0° bis +/- 80° liegen.Based on the longitudinal center axis 38, the angle β may be in the range of about 0 ° to +/- 80 °.

In den Figuren 4a und 4b und ebenso in den Figuren 5 und 6 sind schematisch Strömungsverläufe der zu behandelnden Stoffe im Innenraum 20 des Düsenkörpers 12 eingezeichnet.In the FIGS. 4a and 4b and also in the FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematically shown flow patterns of the substances to be treated in the interior 20 of the nozzle body 12.

Der oben beschriebene Druckabfall über der Austrittsdüse und die daraus resultierende Strömungsgeschwindigkeit, die mit turbulenten Schwankungsbewegungen behaftet ist, sorgen in erster Linie dafür, dass neu gebildete Grenzflächen von Emulgierhilfsmitteln benetzt werden können, und führt somit zu einer Stabilisierung des Produktes.The above-described pressure drop across the discharge nozzle and the resulting flow velocity, which is subject to turbulent fluctuation movements, provide primarily for the fact that newly formed interfaces can be wetted by emulsifying aids, and thus leads to a stabilization of the product.

Die in der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zu behandelnden Stoffe sind vorzugsweise Emulsionen aus mindestens zwei ineinander nahezu unlöslichen Flüssigkeiten, Schäume mit mindestens einer gasförmigen und mindestens einer flüssigen Komponente sowie Suspensionen, bei denen mindestens eine Feststoffkomponente in einem fluiden System formuliert wird.The substances to be treated in the device according to the invention are preferably emulsions of at least two liquids which are almost insoluble in one another, foams having at least one gaseous and at least one liquid component and suspensions in which at least one solid component is formulated in a fluid system.

Claims (14)

  1. Dispersion device, in particular for the dispersion, homogenisation and mixing of liquid multi-component systems and also for the dispersion, homogenisation, mixing and micronizing of solids, comprising a nozzle (12) with an internal space (20) and having a circular, rectangular or elliptical cross-section, in which are inserted inlet and outlet nozzles (14, 16) connecting with the internal space (20), whereby at least one pair of inlet nozzles (14) and one pair of outlet nozzles (16) are provided and whereby the average throughflow capacity of the outlet nozzles (16) is greater than that of the inlet nozzles (14).
  2. Dispersion device in accordance with Claim 1 above, characterized in that the inlet nozzle (14) and the outlet nozzle (16) have a circular, rectangular or elliptical cross-section.
  3. Dispersion device in accordance with Claim 1 or 2 above, characterized in that the inlet nozzle (14) has a diameter or a slit aperture in the range of 0.1 to 5 mm and more particularly in the range of 0.2 to 0.6 mm.
  4. Dispersion device in accordance with any of the above Claims, characterized in that the outlet nozzle (16) has a diameter or a slit aperture in the range of 0.1 to 10.00 mm and more particularly in the range 0.2 to 2.00 mm.
  5. Dispersion device in accordance with any of the above Claims, characterized in that both the inlet nozzles (14) and the outlet nozzles (16) are arranged at an angle (α) of approximately 10° to 350° in relation to each other.
  6. Dispersion device in accordance with Claim 5 above, characterized in that both the inlet nozzles (14) and the outlet nozzles (16) are arranged at an angle (α) of approximately 45° to 315° in relation to each other.
  7. Dispersion device in accordance with Claim 5 above, characterized in that both the inlet nozzles (14) and the outlet nozzles (16) are arranged at an angle (α) of approximately 180° in relation to each other.
  8. Dispersion device in accordance with any of the above Claims, characterized in that the inlet nozzles (14) and the outlet nozzles (16) comprise a nozzle holder (26) accommodating a nozzle (30).
  9. Dispersion device in accordance with any of the above Claims, characterized in that the nozzle holder (26) has a tapered inlet (32) and a tapered outlet (34).
  10. Dispersion device in accordance with any of the above Claims, characterized in that the inlet nozzles (14) of each pair of nozzles are arranged in a parallel manner to each other.
  11. Dispersion device in accordance with any of the above Claims, characterized in that at least one of the inlet nozzles (14) is tilted at an angle (β) in relation to the longitudinal axis (38) of the nozzle body (12).
  12. Dispersion device in accordance with Claim 11 above, characterized in that the angle (β) in relation to the longitudinal axis (38) is in the range of 0° to around +/-80°.
  13. Dispersion device in accordance with any of Claims 8 to 12 above, characterized in that the nozzle (30) is made of a resistant material, and in particular of sapphire, diamond, silicon carbide or a ceramic material.
  14. Dispersion device in accordance with any of the above Claims, characterized in that the number of inlet nozzles (14) and outlet nozzles (16) is an odd number, for example; three, five or seven.
EP20040730991 2003-05-05 2004-05-04 Dispersing device Expired - Lifetime EP1638675B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE20306915U DE20306915U1 (en) 2003-05-05 2003-05-05 disperser
PCT/EP2004/004741 WO2004098758A1 (en) 2003-05-05 2004-05-04 Dispersing device

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EP1638675A1 EP1638675A1 (en) 2006-03-29
EP1638675B1 true EP1638675B1 (en) 2009-07-01

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AT (1) ATE435062T1 (en)
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DE20306915U1 (en) 2003-08-07
US20060109738A1 (en) 2006-05-25
EP1638675A1 (en) 2006-03-29
ATE435062T1 (en) 2009-07-15
US7563019B2 (en) 2009-07-21
WO2004098758A1 (en) 2004-11-18
DE502004009694D1 (en) 2009-08-13

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