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EP1637455B1 - Vorrichtung zum Aufklappen von Kasten - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Aufklappen von Kasten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1637455B1
EP1637455B1 EP05076916A EP05076916A EP1637455B1 EP 1637455 B1 EP1637455 B1 EP 1637455B1 EP 05076916 A EP05076916 A EP 05076916A EP 05076916 A EP05076916 A EP 05076916A EP 1637455 B1 EP1637455 B1 EP 1637455B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crate
folding
unfolding
station
clamped
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP05076916A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1637455A3 (de
EP1637455A2 (de
Inventor
Cornelis Jacob Blokland
Gerrit Middelkoop
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NUMAFA GROUP BV
Original Assignee
Systemate Group BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Systemate Group BV filed Critical Systemate Group BV
Publication of EP1637455A2 publication Critical patent/EP1637455A2/de
Publication of EP1637455A3 publication Critical patent/EP1637455A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1637455B1 publication Critical patent/EP1637455B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B43/00—Forming, feeding, opening or setting-up containers or receptacles in association with packaging
    • B65B43/26—Opening or distending bags; Opening, erecting, or setting-up boxes, cartons, or carton blanks
    • B65B43/265—Opening, erecting or setting-up boxes, cartons or carton blanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2100/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers made by folding single-piece sheets, blanks or webs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2120/00—Construction of rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B31B2120/30—Construction of rigid or semi-rigid containers collapsible; temporarily collapsed during manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B31B50/74—Auxiliary operations
    • B31B50/76—Opening and distending flattened articles
    • B31B50/78—Mechanically
    • B31B50/784—Mechanically for setting up boxes having their opening facing upwardly

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for unfolding folding crates in a continuous process.
  • a device for unfolding folding crates is known that is provided with two horizontal conveyor belts, namely an upper conveyor belt and a narrower lower conveyor belt situated underneath it in a stepped manner.
  • the upper conveyor belt supplies folded folding crates standing upright on their side, said crates make a free fall at the transition from the upper to the lower conveyor belt, wherein the folding crates end up on the lower conveyor belt with their bottoms facing upwards.
  • the width of the lower conveyor belt is chosen such that in the free fall two of the four folded walls of the folding crate may become unfolded. If, however, the folding crates fall slightly inclined onto the lower conveyor belt, their unfolding fails.
  • the unfolding process optionally has to be interrupted in order to clear away folding crates that have fallen inclined and disrupt the further unfolding process.
  • NL 1.009.800 discloses a device for unfolding crates in accordance with the preamble of claim 1, comprising gripper mechanisms having grippers for confined engagement of cams that are provided on the crates.
  • the invention provides a device for unfolding folding crates, particularly in a continuous process, wherein the folding crates comprise a crate bottom, two opposite first walls that are hinged to the crate bottom and two opposite second walls that are hinged to the crate bottom, that can all be placed in a flat folded position and an unfolded position, respectively, wherein the device comprises a frame, as well as conveying means provided on the frame for conveying folding crates through the device in conveyance direction according to a continuous conveyance path, as well as unfolding means for unfolding the first and second walls, wherein the conveying means comprise first engagement means for on both sides of a crate engaging onto a folding crate in a clamping manner during conveyance and treatment by the unfolding means.
  • the folding crates can be clamped firmly and particularly uninterruptedly by the first engagement means, as a result of which during the unfolding process deviations from a desired position of the crate can be avoided.
  • the first engagement means are adapted for effecting a surface contact between surfaces of the first engagement means and a clamped folding crate, respectively.
  • a proper clamping of a folding crate can be achieved irrespective of possible dirt that may have been left at an inside of the folding crate.
  • a successful clamping of a folding crate in this case does not depend on the height of an (unfolded) crate, as a result of which folding crates of various sizes can be conveyed and unfolded by the device.
  • the device comprises adjustment means for during conveyance through the device varying a clamping force exerted by the first engagement means on a clamped crate.
  • the clamping force can be set depending on the desired clamping force for instance during conveyance or during treatment of the folding crates.
  • the unfolding of the first and second walls may be successively carried out when the device comprises first unfolding means for unfolding the first walls and second unfolding means for unfolding the second walls, wherein the first and second unfolding means preferably are provided at stations which in conveyance direction are situated successively at the conveyance path.
  • the adjustment means are adapted for increasing the clamping force at the location of the stations, as the necessary clamping force for an accurate positioning of a folding crate may be larger when the unfolding means are operative than during conveyance of a folding crate between the stations.
  • clamping force is adjustable per station, successive clamping forces on a folding crate can be set independent from each other for a proper action of the first and second unfolding means.
  • Undesired collisions between active parts of the first and/or second unfolding means and clamped folding crates can be limited when the conveying means are adapted for keeping a clamped crate still while the first and/or second unfolding means are operative.
  • the conveying means comprise two endless conveyor belts that are parallel to each other, wherein the first engagement means are formed by facing first support surfaces of the conveyor belts.
  • each conveyor belt comprises a counter surface that is situated counter the first support surface, wherein each counter surface is situated against a second support surface such that with the second support surfaces pressure force can be exerted via the first support surfaces onto a clamped folding crate
  • the conveyor belts can be used substantially for the conveyance, of the folding crates through the device, whereas the clamping forces are provided by the second support surfaces.
  • the conveying means may comprise first movement means with which at least one of the second support surfaces is movable on both sides of the conveyance path and in a direction transverse to the first support surfaces.
  • a second support surface may be provided per station of the device which second support surface is individually movable by means of the first movement means.
  • the device comprises first drive means, particularly a servomotor or stepping motor, for one of the conveyor belts.
  • first drive means particularly a servomotor or stepping motor
  • the conveyance of the folding crate can be carried out accurately with respect to the first and/or second folding means for the purpose of a proper positioning of a clamped folding crate.
  • At least one, preferably both conveyor belts may be provided with substantially equidistantly positioned stops at the first support surfaces for abutting a front side of a clamped folding crate.
  • the substantially equidistant stops moreover improve the mutual positioning of clamped folding crates and counteracts clamped folding crates colliding with each other.
  • the second support surface is provided by a support roller.
  • Unfolding the first and/or second walls is enhanced due to gravity when the device comprises feeding means for feeding folded folding crates towards the conveyance path with their crate bottoms facing upwards with respect to gravity, wherein the feeding means preferably are adapted for pressing folding crates between conveyor belts and/or against stops situated at the conveyor belts, so that a proper abutment of the front sides of the folding crates against the stops is ensured.
  • the first and/or second walls of a folding crate that is clamped on both sides of the crate bottom can at least be partially unfolded when the device comprises a first station that is situated at the conveyance path, wherein the first unfolding means comprise second engagement means which at the first station are movably connected with the frame and which are movable in a first direction transverse to the conveyance direction from above the crate bottom against a portion of a first or second wall of a clamped folding crate which portion with respect to the vertical projection of the crate bottom is approachable or protruding.
  • the second engagement means comprise deformable fingers that are provided at second movement means for moving the distal end of the fingers against the approachable or protruding portion of the first or second wall and retracting the fingers at a distance from a clamped folding crate. Due to the fingers being deformable, little deviations of the position of a folding crate with respect to the position desired for the first station only have a limited disadvantageous influence on the operation of the first station.
  • the fingers comprise rubbery material, so that they have a grip on the walls of the folding crates that have usually been made of plastic, metal or wood.
  • Unfolding the at least partially unfolded first walls can be completed when the device comprises a second station situated at the conveyance path, wherein the unfolding means comprise third engagement means which at the second station are movably connected with the frame and which from underneath a folding crate clamped at its crate bottom are movable against an inner side of the first walls of the clamped folding crate.
  • the second walls may be partially unfolded due to gravity, when the third engagement means are adapted for moving the first wall(s) with respect to the crate bottom through their upright position, so that the second wall(s) can move freely with respect to the first walls.
  • the third engagement means are provided at the ends of first swivelling arms swivelling about first axles that are situated substantially parallel to each other on both sides with respect to a folding crate position of the second station.
  • the device comprises third movement means for the movement of the third engagement means.
  • the device comprises a third station situated at the conveyance path, wherein the unfolding means comprise first checking means for checking the unfolded position of the first walls of a clamped crate, wherein the first checking means are provided at the third station.
  • the unfolding means comprise first checking means for checking the unfolded position of the first walls of a clamped crate, wherein the first checking means are provided at the third station.
  • Unfolding at least partially unfolded second walls can be completed when the device comprises a fourth station situated at the conveyance path, wherein the unfolding means comprise fourth engagement means which at the fourth station are movably connected with the frame and which from underneath a folding crate clamped at its crate bottom are movable against an inner side of a second wall of the clamped folding crate.
  • an optional interconnection of locking means at the first and second walls of a folding crate can be effected here.
  • the fourth engagement means are provided at the ends of second swivelling arms swivelling about second axles that are situated substantially parallel to each other on both sides of a folding crate position of the fourth station.
  • the device comprises fourth movement means for the movement of the fourth engagement means.
  • Folding crates that can be used and that cannot be used can be distinguished when the device comprises a fifth station situated at the conveyance path, wherein the unfolding means comprise second checking means for checking the unfolded position of the second walls, wherein the second checking means are provided at the fifth station.
  • the position of the second walls can be checked when the second checking means comprise fifth engagement means that are movable against an inner or outer side of a second wall of a clamped folding crate.
  • the fifth engagement means are provided at the ends of third swivelling arms swivelling about third axles that are situated substantially transverse to a crate bottom of a clamped crate beyond the vertical projection of the crate bottom on both sides of a folding crate position of the fifth station. Accumulation of dirt on the third swivelling arms, which dirt may originate from the folding crates, may moreover be counteracted in this way.
  • the device comprises fifth movement means for the movement of the fifth engagement means.
  • the swivelling arms are able to swivel about a swivel angle of which the size is a measure for the position of the second walls and/or a measure for a correct mutual attachment of locking means at the first and second walls of a clamped crate.
  • Incompletely unfolded crates that cannot be used can automatically be ejected prior to being used when the device comprises a sixth station provided with ejection means for incompletely unfolded folding crates.
  • the first up to and including the sixth station when used, are situated successively in conveyance direction at the conveyance path.
  • first and/or second and/or third and/or fourth and/or fifth movement means comprise a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder
  • the movement means are able to move quickly between two desired ultimate positions.
  • the device comprises an electronic operating unit for operating the actuation of drive means and movement means of the device.
  • an advantage thereof is that the device is thus able to operate automatically.
  • the electronic operating unit may comprise a shift register for the registration and transmission of specific information about each individual folding crate for the successive stations, such as information about the dimensions and/or the (in)complete unfolding of clamped folding crates.
  • the device is adapted for passing folding crates at first sides of the crate bottom, that are situated near the first walls, through the conveyance path in a clamped manner.
  • the folding crate 1 shown in the figures 1A-D has a bottom 2, two longitudinal walls 3 and two transverse walls 4, which walls are hinged to the bottom 2.
  • the crate 1 shown in this example is of the Europool type, having a bottom size of 400 x 600 mm.
  • Europool crates are also available with a bottom size of 400 x 300 mm.
  • the longitudinal walls 3 have a length of 400 mm and they are provided with operable closing means 5, which can be pulled towards each other for ending a locking between the upright edges of the walls 3 and 4 that meet each other.
  • the closing means 5 are designed to become automatically active, by snapping, when the said edges of the walls 3 and 4 are correctly brought together.
  • Europool folding crates are available in various bottom sizes in various crate heights.
  • FIG 1A the folding crate 1 is shown in flat folded condition, wherein the transverse walls 4 are situated over the longitudinal walls 3 and upright edges or side edges 6 of the transverse walls 4, considered from above, protrude over the bottom 2 of the folding crate 1.
  • FIG 1B the transverse walls 4 are almost fully erected in direction A, yet the longitudinal walls 3 are still situated at the bottom 2.
  • the parts 5A of the closing means can be seen, which are formed at the protruding side edges 6 of the transverse walls.
  • FIG 1C the longitudinal walls 3 are erected in direction B, wherein the longitudinal walls 3 are able to move freely when the transverse walls 4 are pulled further in direction A beyond their upright position.
  • FIG 1D the erected folding crate 1 can be seen.
  • the exemplary embodiment of the unfolding device 10 according to the invention shown in the figures 2A-B and further, has a frame 11 at which two conveyor belts 13 are situated around two conveyor belt guides 12 with which crates 1 can be clamped at their bottom 2 and passed onwards in conveyance direction C.
  • supply means that are not shown folded folding crates 1, with their bottoms 2 facing upwards, can be passed via driven supply belts 16 of a feeding station 15 between the conveyor belts 13 of the unfolding device 10.
  • the supply belts 16 are in this case driven by means of an electromotor 17.
  • a brush roller that is not shown is positioned above the supply belts 16 at the location of the transition of the supply belts 16 and the conveyor belts 13, which brush roller is able to press the folded crates 1 additionally on the supply belts 16 during the transition.
  • the conveyor belts 13 are situated around driven rollers 30 and tension rollers 33, and along bending rollers 31 and two displacement rollers 32.
  • the driven rollers 30 and the conveyor belts 13 are provided with teeth that are not shown in order to counteract mutual slipping.
  • One of the driven rollers 30 is in driving connection with a servomotor 35 via a right-angled transmission 34 that is known per se, and the driven rollers 30 are interconnected by means of a toothed-belt transmission 36 with which the driven rollers 30 have an opposite sense of rotation with respect to each other.
  • the toothed-belt transmission 36 is shown in more detail in figure 3B . Due to the toothed-belt transmission the driven rollers 30 and as a result the conveyor belts 13 run synchronously.
  • Stoppers 37 are attached at the conveyor belts 13, wherein the mutual distance between consecutive stoppers is approximately 750 mm.
  • pneumatic cylinders 38 are attached to both conveyor belt guides 12 having a bearing surface 39 at each piston rod which bearing surface 39 abuts the side of the conveyor belt 13 that faces away from the grip side, which conveyor belt 13 is situated around each conveyor belt guide 12.
  • the conveyor belts 13 can be moved away from and towards each other to a greater or lesser degree transverse to the conveyance direction C, as a result of which the pressure force exerted on the sides 7 of the bottom 2 of a clamped folding crate 1 can be adjustable. In this way a crate when standing still at the stations can be clamped more firmly than during its conveyance, so that it is prevented that a folding crate 1 catapults away or shifts as a result of treatment forces exerted thereon.
  • Figures 3A-D show the first unfolding station 18 for the transverse walls 4 of a folding crate 1 in more detail.
  • Figure 3A shows a holder 49 that is hinged to the frame 11. The holder 49 can be pulled up in the direction D by means of a pneumatic cylinder 48.
  • FIG 3B the holder 49 with a folding crate 1 below it is drawn entirely adjacent to the conveyor belt guides 12 for the sake of clarity of the figure, the holder being drawn in full lines and the crate 1 in broken lines.
  • the folding crate 1 is clamped between the conveyor belts 13 as shown and the holder 49 is positioned straight above it. Said clamping of a crate is shown in more detail in figure 3C .
  • the first station can be deactivated.
  • the first unfolding station 18 has a first, a second and a third telescopic arm 50, 51, 52 that are hinged in direction E to the frame 11.
  • a transverse profile 53 with rubber fingers 54 is attached transverse to the conveyance direction C.
  • the mutual distance between the free ends of the rubber fingers 54 per transverse profile 53 is such that the ends 14 of the rubber fingers 54 are able to abut the edges 6 of the transverse walls 4 that protrude with respect to the bottom 2 of folded Europool crates 1 having various bottom sizes, as shown in figure 3E .
  • the fingers 54 at the first and third 50, 52, and the second and third 51, 52 telescopic arm aligned with the conveyance direction 14 point towards each other.
  • Pneumatic cylinders 55 are situated in the first, second and third telescopic arm 50, 51, 52, by which means the telescopic motion of the arms can be actuated.
  • the stroke of the telescopic arms 50, 51, 52 in the direction F is dimensioned such that the fingers 54 are able to extend from above the bottom 2 to one crate height under the bottom 2 of a clamped crate 1 in order to erect the transverse walls 4 at least partially from the bottom 2 in direction A as shown in figures 1B and 1C .
  • Pneumatic cylinders 56 are situated between the frame 11 and the first, second and third telescopic arm 50, 51, 52, with which cylinders 56 the telescopic arms 50, 51, 52 can be reciprocally swivelled in conveyance direction C and in direction E, so that the fingers 54 can be moved away from and towards a clamped crate 1. Due to the rubber fingers 54 being deformable small deviations in position of a crate 1 between the conveyor belts 1 3 hardly affect the operation of the first unfolding station 18 for the transverse walls 4.
  • the rubber fingers 54 are for instance plucking fingers that are used in plucking machined for poultry.
  • the second unfolding station 19 for the transverse walls 4 of a folding crate is shown in more detail in figures 4A-C .
  • an attachment plate 60 is attached at the frame 11, to which attachment plate considered in conveyance direction C a first and second and a third slightly curved swivelling arm 61, 62, 63 have been attached at a first and second, journalled axle 64, 65, respectively.
  • the first and second swivelling arm 61, 62 can simultaneously be moved upwards in direction C from a retracted position to the position shown in figure 4C by means of a first pneumatic cylinder 66, and the third swivelling arm 63 is movable in direction L by means of a second pneumatic cylinder 67.
  • Both pneumatic cylinders 66, 67 are eccentrically connected with the first and second bearing mounted axles 64, 65, respectively.
  • the first, second and third swivelling arms 61, 62, 63 are dimensioned such that with their free end they are able to abut an inside of a transverse wall 4 of a clamped crate 1, and the motion of the swivelling arms 61, 62, 63 is dimensioned such that the swivelling arms 61, 62, 63 are able to pull a transverse wall 4 of a clamped crate 1 in direction A through its upright position as shown in figure 1C , so that the longitudinal walls 3 due to gravity are able to at least partially erect downwards in direction B with respect to the bottom 2.
  • the second cylinders 67 or both the first and second cylinders 66 can be activated.
  • a checking station 20 is situated adjacent to the second unfolding station 19 for transverse walls 4, with which with means that are not shown, such as feelers, it can be checked whether the transverse walls 4 are downwardly fully erect with respect to the crate bottom 2.
  • FIGS 5A and 5B show the unfolding station 21 for the longitudinal walls 3 in more detail.
  • the unfolding station 21, considered in conveyance direction C has two pair of first, second and third slightly curved swivelling arms 70, 71, 72 which considered from above have been attached to the frame 11 in between and below the conveyor belt 13.
  • the first, second and third swivelling arms 70, 71, 72 are each attached to journalled axles 73, 74, 75, respectively, to which axles pneumatic cylinders 76 are eccentrically connected.
  • the swivelling arms 70, 71, 72 are dimensioned such that from a retracted position they are able with their free ends in direction M to stop at an inside of a partially erected longitudinal wall 3 of a clamped crate 1 in order to fully erect the longitudinal walls 3 in direction B and snap the longitudinal walls 3 and transverse walls 4 forcefully into each other.
  • the first and third swivelling arms 70, 72 or the second and third swivelling arms 71, 72 are activated.
  • Figures 6A and 6B show the checking station 22 for the longitudinal walls 3 in more detail.
  • a first, a second and a third measuring arms 80, 81, 82 have been attached to journalled vertical axles 83.
  • the vertical axles 83 are situated beyond the conveyor belts 13.
  • the measuring arms 80, 81, 82 can be swivelled in direction N from a retracted position under the conveyor belt guide 12 by means of pneumatic cylinders 84 that are eccentrically connected to the vertical axles 83.
  • the length and the swinging motion of the first, second and third measuring arms 80, 81, 82 is dimensioned such that the measuring arms are able to move from the outside against and beyond an outside of a longitudinal wall 3 of a folding crate 1.
  • the first and third measuring arms 80, 82 or the second and third measuring arms 81, 82 can be activated. If the walls are not properly snapped into each other the measuring arms 80, 81, 82 will swivel further in direction N than would be the case when the walls had been properly snapped into each other indeed. Based on the size of swivel motion, registered by means of a reed contact that is not shown, it can therefore be determined whether the walls have been successfully attached to each other.
  • Figures 6A-B show the ejection station 23 situated adjacent to the checking station 22 for the longitudinal walls 3, and having a folding crate 1 clamped in between the conveyor belts 13, in more detail.
  • the displacement rollers 32 against the conveyor belts 13 can be moved with respect to the conveyor belt guides 12 transverse to the conveyance direction C from and towards each other in direction P by means of pneumatic cylinders 90.
  • pneumatic cylinders 90 By operating the pneumatic cylinders the part of the conveyor belt 13 that is situated between the bending rollers 31 and the displacement rollers 32 of a clamped (rejected) folding crate 1, can be pulled away from the folding crate 1 so that it falls from the conveyor belts 13.
  • the two displacement rollers 32 per conveyor belt 13 here move simultaneously in direction P so that the conveyor belts 13 during the movement of the displacement rollers 32 remain at a constant tension and the conveyor belts 13 slipping about the driven rollers 30 is counteracted.
  • the unfolding device 10 is provided with an electronic operating unit that is not shown with which the electromotor 17, the servomotor 35 and the pneumatic cylinders 38, 55, 56, 66, 67, 76, 84 can be actuated.
  • the operating unit is connected to unshown sensors of the device, such as reed contacts that are situated at the first, second and third measuring arms 80, 81, 82 of the checking station 22 for longitudinal walls 3.
  • the electronic operating unit is provided with a memory having a shift register, so that crate specific information about folding crates 1 passed through, such as information about the dimensions and/or the (in)complete unfolding of a folding crate that passes the various stations 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, can be used for controlling said stations.
  • the operation of the crate unfolding device elucidated on the basis of a Europool folding crate 1 having a bottom size of 400 x 300 mm is as follows.
  • the second and third telescopic arms 51, 52 extend in direction F, as a result of which the fingers 54, particularly the front part of the free ends of the fingers 54, in direction G engage the edges 6 of the transverse walls 4 that protrude with respect to the bottom 2 and at least partially downwardly erect the transverse walls 4 in direction A with respect to the bottom 2.
  • the fingers 54 are able to bend back in a direction opposite direction G and subsequently during the further course of the downward stroke in direction G sweep over and beyond the protruding edges 6.
  • the protruding edges 6 can then still be at an inclined angle to the bottom 2 of the crate if the transverse walls 4 are not yet fully downwards.
  • the fingers 54 are moved away from the crate 1 in direction H, after which the second and third arm 51, 52 and subsequently the pneumatic cylinders 56 are retracted again, so that the fingers move back to the initial position in directions J and K, respectively.
  • the air pressure on the pneumatic cylinders 38 at the conveyor belt guides 12 is lowered, so that the first folding crate 1 can be passed to the second unfolding station 19 while it is still clamped by the conveyor belts 13, and a next folding crate 1 can be brought between the conveyor belts for the first unfolding station 18.
  • the air pressure on the cylinders 38 is increased again and the first and second swivelling arms 61, 62 with the first pneumatic cylinders 66 are activated, as a result of which they swivel upwards in direction L and the free ends erect and overstretch the partially erected transverse walls 4 in direction A and the longitudinal walls 3 due to gravity at least partially erect downwards with respect to the bottom 2 in direction B, after which while lowering and increasing the air pressure on the pneumatic cylinders 38 and optionally a transverse wall check at the checking station 20 for transverse walls the crate is passed to the unfolding station 21 for longitudinal walls 3. To that end the drive of the conveyor belts 13 is started and stopped again.
  • the longitudinal walls 3 are fully erected in direction B with respect to the bottom 2 by swivelling the second and third swivelling arms 62, 63 upwards in direction M, and due to the force exerted by the free ends of the swivelling arms 62, 63 are snapped onto the transverse walls 4, after which the swivelling arms 62, 63 swivel back to their retracted position and the folding crate 1 while lowering and increasing the air pressure on pneumatic cylinders 38 is passed to the checking station 22 for longitudinal walls 3.
  • the second and third measuring arms 81, 82 are swivelled under a slight force from the with respect to the folding crate 1 retracted stand-by position beyond the conveyor belts 13 in direction N against the longitudinal walls 3 of the stationary crate 1, after which it is determined by means of the reed contact whether the measuring arms abut the correctly locked longitudinal walls 3 or whether they have been swivelled onwards in direction N due to incomplete locking of the longitudinal walls 3. After checking the measuring arms swivel back to their stand-by position.
  • a folding crate 1 depending on the measurement or other parameters is ejected or passed on to the end of the conveyor belts 1 3 to be picked up to be used. Ejection takes place by moving the displacement rollers 32 on both sides of a crate 1, and as a result the conveyor belts 13 in the direction P away from the crate 1. As a result the crate 1 will fall down.
  • folding crates 1 As the folding crates 1 are clamped at their bottoms 2 between the conveyor belts 13, as a result of which the longitudinal walls 3 and transverse walls 4 are able to unfold downwards unimpededly, it is possible to pass folding crates 1 of various crate heights through the unfolding device 10. Folding crates 1 that are not sorted may also due to the shift register in the electronic operation be unfolded by the unfolding device 10, due to which the sorting out and the making of separate stacks of sorted folded crates 1 may no longer be necessary.
  • the folding crates 1 Due to the provided air pressure of at least 2 bars on the cylinders 38 during the unfolding process in the unfolding device 10, the folding crates 1 are continuously clamped, as a result of which the folding crates are reliably positioned with respect to the conveyor belts and the stations. Because of the stepwise or on-off drive by the servomotor 35 the successive folding crates 1 are always correctly positioned for the successive stations.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rigid Containers With Two Or More Constituent Elements (AREA)
  • Refuse Receptacles (AREA)
  • Cartons (AREA)
  • Closing Of Containers (AREA)

Claims (29)

  1. Vorrichtung (10) zum Aufklappen von Klappkisten (1), insbesondere in einem kontinuierlichen Verfahren, wobei die Klappkisten einen Kistenboden (2), zwei gegenüberliegende erste Wände (4), welche an dem Kistenboden (2) klappbar angebracht sind, und zwei gegenüberliegende zweite Wände (3) umfasst, welche an dem Kistenboden klappbar angebracht sind, welche alle in einer zusammengeklappten Stellung beziehungsweise in einer aufgeklappten Stellung platziert werden können, wobei die Vorrichtung einen Rahmen (11) sowie an dem Rahmen (11) vorgesehene Fördermittel (12, 13) umfasst, um Klappkisten durch die Vorrichtung (10) in Förderrichtung gemäß einer kontinuierlichen Förderbahn (C) hindurch zu befördern, sowie Aufklappmittel (18, 19, 20, 21, 22) zum Aufklappen der ersten und der zweiten Wände umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fördermittel erste Eingreifmittel (13) umfasst, um an beiden Seiten einer Kiste durch Einklemmen während der Beförderung und der Bearbeitung durch die Aufklappmittel (18, 19, 20, 21, 22) an einer Klappkiste anzugreifen.
  2. Vorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die ersten Eingreifmittel (13) dafür ausgebildet sind, eine Flächenberührung zwischen Flächen der ersten Eingreifmittel (13) beziehungsweise einer festgeklemmten Klappkiste (1) herzustellen.
  3. Vorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die ersten Eingreifmittel (13) dafür ausgebildet sind, an gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Kistenbodens einer Klappkiste einzugreifen.
  4. Vorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, umfassend Einstellmittel (38, 39), um während des Beförderns durch die Vorrichtung (10) eine durch die ersten Eingreifmittel (13) auf eine festgeklemmte Kiste (1) ausgeübte Klemmkraft zu variieren.
  5. Vorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, umfassend erste Aufklappmittel (18, 19, 20) zum Aufklappen der ersten Wände (4) und zweite Aufklappmittel (21, 22) zum Aufklappen der zweiten Wände (3), wobei die ersten und die zweiten Aufklappmittel (18, 19, 20, 21, 22) vorzugsweise an Stationen (18, 19, 20, 21, 22) vorgesehen sind, welche in Förderrichtung aufeinanderfolgend an der Förderbahn (C) angeordnet sind.
  6. Vorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 4 und 5, wobei die Einstellmittel (38, 39) dafür ausgebildet sind, die Klemmkraft an den Orten der Stationen (18, 19, 20, 21, 22) zu vergrößern, wobei die Klemmkraft vorzugsweise pro Station einstellbar ist.
  7. Vorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, wobei die ersten Aufklappmittel (18, 19, 20) dafür ausgebildet sind, die ersten Wände (4) aufzuklappen, welche parallel zur Förderrichtung sind.
  8. Vorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Fördermittel (12, 13) dafür ausgebildet sind, eine festgeklemmte Kiste (1) ruhig zu halten, während die Aufklappmittel (18, 19, 20, 21, 22) in Betrieb sind.
  9. Vorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Fördermittel (12, 13) zwei Endlosförderbänder (13) umfassen, welche zueinander parallel sind, wobei die ersten Eingreifmittel (13) so gebildet sind, dass sie zu ersten Stützflächen der Förderbänder (13) weisen, wobei jedes Förderband vorzugsweise eine Gegenfläche umfasst, welche gegen die erste Stützfläche angeordnet ist, wobei jede Gegenfläche gegen eine zweite Stützfläche(38) derart angeordnet ist, dass mit den zweiten Stützflächen eine Druckkraft über die ersten Stützflächen auf eine festgeklemmte Klappkiste (1) ausgeübt werden kann, wobei die Fördermittel vorzugsweise erste Bewegungsmittel (39) umfassen, durch welche wenigstens eine der zweiten Stützflächen auf beiden Seiten der Förderbahn (C) und in einer Richtung quer zu den ersten Stützflächen bewegbar ist, wobei vorzugsweise pro Station (18, 19, 20, 21, 22) der Vorrichtung eine zweite Stützfläche (39) vorgesehen ist, welche individuell mittels des ersten Bewegungsmittels (38) bewegbar ist, wobei die zweite Stützfläche vorzugsweise durch eine Stützrolle (31) vorgesehen ist.
  10. Vorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 9, umfassend erste Antriebsmittel (35), insbesondere einen Servomotor oder einen Schrittmotor (35) für einen Umlaufantrieb der Förderbänder (13).
  11. Vorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, wobei wenigstens ein, vorzugsweise beide, Förderbänder (13) mit im Wesentlichen gleich beabstandet positionierten Anschlägen (37) an den ersten Stützflächen versehen sind, um eine Vorderseite der festgeklemmten Klappkiste (1) in Anlage zu bringen.
  12. Vorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, umfassend Zufuhrmittel zum Zuführen der geklappten Klappkisten zur Förderbahn mit bezüglich der Schwerkraft nach oben zeigenden Kistenböden, wobei die Zufuhrmittel vorzugsweise dazu ausgebildet sind, Klappkisten zwischen Förderbänder (13) und/oder gegen an den Förderbändern angeordnete Anschläge (37) zu drücken, wobei die Vorrichtung vorzugsweise eine erste Station umfasst, welche an der Förderbahn (C) angeordnet ist, wobei das erste Aufklappmittel (18) zweite Eingreifmittel (14) umfasst, welche an der ersten Station (18) bewegbar mit dem Rahmen (11) verbunden sind und welche in einer ersten Richtung (F) quer zur Förderrichtung von oberhalb des Kistenbodens (2) gegen einen Teil (6) einer ersten oder zweiten Wand (4, 3) einer festgeklemmten Klappkiste (1) bewegbar sind, wobei dieser Teil bezüglich des vertikalen Überstands des Kistenbodens (2) zugänglich oder überstehend ist, wobei die zweiten Eingreifmittel (14) vorzugsweise verformbare Finger (14) umfassen, die an zweiten Bewegungsmitteln (50) vorgesehen sind, um das distale Ende der Finger gegen den zugänglichen oder überstehenden Teil (6) der ersten oder zweiten Wand zu bewegen und die Finger (14) in einem Abstand zu einer festgeklemmten Klappkiste (1) zurückzuziehen, wobei die zweiten Bewegungsmittel (50) vorzugsweise dazu ausgebildet sind, in der ersten Richtung (F) und in einer zweiten Richtung (E) quer dazu die Finger (14) von dem zugänglichen oder überstehenden Teil (6) weg und zu ihm hin zu bewegen, wobei die Finger (14) vorzugsweise gummiartiges Material umfassen.
  13. Vorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 12, umfassend eine zweite an der Förderbahn (C) angeordnete Station (19), wobei die Aufklappmittel (19) dritte Eingreifmittel (61, 62, 63) umfassen, welche an der zweiten Station (19) bewegbar mit dem Rahmen (11) verbunden sind, und welche von unterhalb einer an ihrem Kistenboden (2) festgeklemmten Klappkiste (1) gegen eine Innenseite der ersten Wände (4) der festgeklemmten Klappkiste (1) bewegbar sind, wobei die dritten Eingreifmittel (61, 62, 63) vorzugsweise dafür ausgebildet sind, die erste(n) Wand/Wände (4) bezüglich des Kistenbodens (2) über ihre aufrechte Stellung zu bewegen.
  14. Vorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 13, wobei die dritten Eingreifmittel (61, 62, 63) an den Enden erster Schwenkarme vorgesehen sind, welche um erste Achsen (64, 65) schwenken, die im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander bezüglich einer Klappkistenposition der zweiten Station (19) an beiden Seiten angeordnet sind, wobei vorzugsweise die ersten Achsen (64, 65) und vorzugsweise der Schwenkpunkt hinter dem vertikalen Überstand des Kistenbodens (2) einer in der Klappkistenposition der zweiten Station (19) festgeklemmten Kiste angeordnet sind, wobei die Vorrichtung (10) vorzugsweise dritte Bewegungsmittel (66, 67) für die Bewegung der dritten Eingreifmittel (61, 62, 63) umfasst.
  15. Vorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, umfassend eine dritte an der Förderbahn (C) angeordnete Station (20), wobei die Aufklappmittel erste Kontrollmittel zum Kontrollieren der aufgeklappten Stellung der ersten Wände einer festgeklemmten Kiste umfassen, wobei die ersten Kontrollmittel an der dritten Station vorgesehen sind.
  16. Vorrichtung (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 12-14, umfassend eine vierte an der Förderbahn (C) angeordnete Station (21), wobei die Aufklappmittel (21) vierte Eingreifmittel (70, 71, 72) umfassen, welche an der vierten Station (21) bewegbar mit dem Rahmen (11) verbunden sind und welche von unterhalb einer an ihrem Kistenboden (2) festgeklemmten Klappkiste (1) gegen eine Innenseite einer zweiten Wand (3) der festgeklemmten Klappkiste bewegbar sind, wobei die vierten Eingreifmittel (70, 71, 72) vorzugsweise an den Enden zweiter Schwenkarme (70, 71, 72) vorgesehen sind, welche um zweite Achsen (73, 74, 75) schwenken, die im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander an beiden Seiten einer Klappkistenposition der vierten Station (21) angeordnet sind, wobei vorzugsweise die zweiten Achsen (73, 74, 75) und vorzugsweise der Schwenkpunkt der zweiten Schwenkarme (70, 71, 72) hinter dem vertikalen Überstand des Kistenbodens (2) einer in der Klappkistenposition der vierten Station (21) festgeklemmten Kiste (1) angeordnet sind, wobei die Vorrichtung (10) vorzugsweise vierte Bewegungsmittel (76) für die Bewegung der vierten Eingreifmittel (70, 71, 72) umfasst.
  17. Vorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, umfassend eine fünfte an der Förderbahn (C) angeordnete Station (22), wobei die Aufklappmittel (18, 19, 20, 21, 22) zweite Kontrollmittel (80, 81, 82) zum Kontrollieren der aufgeklappten Stellung der zweiten Wände (3) umfassen, wobei die zweiten Kontrollmittel (80, 81, 82) an der fünften Station (22) vorgesehen sind, wobei die zweiten Kontrollmittel vorzugsweise fünfte Eingreifmittel (80, 81, 82) umfassen, welche gegen eine Innenseite oder Außenseite einer zweiten Wand (3) einer festgeklemmten Klappkiste (1) bewegbar sind, wobei die fünften Eingreifmittel (80, 81, 82) vorzugsweise an den Enden dritter Schwenkarme (80, 81, 82) vorgesehen sind, welche um dritte Achsen (83) schwenken, die im Wesentlichen quer zu einem Kistenboden (2) einer festgeklemmten Kiste (1) hinter dem vertikalen Überstand des Kistenbodens (2) an beiden Seiten einer Klappkistenposition der fünften Station (22) angeordnet sind, wobei die Vorrichtung (10) vorzugsweise fünfte Bewegungsmittel (84) für die Bewegung der fünften Eingreifmittel (81, 82, 83) umfasst, wobei die Schwenkarme (81, 82, 83) vorzugsweise um einen Schwenkwinkel schwenken, dessen Größe ein Maß für die Stellung der zweiten Wände (3) und/oder ein Maß für eine korrekte gegenseitige Befestigung von Arretierungsmitteln (5) an den ersten oder zweiten Wänden (4, 3) einer festgeklemmten Kiste ist.
  18. Vorrichtung (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 12-17, umfassend eine sechste Station (23), welche mit Ausstoßmitteln (32) für unvollständig aufgeklappte Klappkisten (1) versehen ist, wobei die Vorrichtung (10) vorzugsweise Förderbänder (13) umfasst, welche an der Position der sechsten Station (23) auseinander bewegt werden können.
  19. Vorrichtung (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 12-17, wobei die erste bis zu und einschließlich der sechsten Station (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23) bei der Anwendung in Förderrichtung aufeinander folgend an der Förderbahn (C) angeordnet sind.
  20. Vorrichtung (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 12-19, wobei das erste und/oder zweite und/oder dritte und/oder vierte und/oder fünfte Bewegungsmittel (39, 50, 66, 67, 76, 84) einen pneumatischen oder hydraulischen Zylinder umfasst.
  21. Vorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, umfassend eine elektronische Bedieneinheit zum Bedienen der Aktivierung der Antriebsmittel (35) und Bewegungsmittel (39, 50, 66, 67, 76, 84) der Vorrichtung (10).
  22. Vorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die elektronische Bedieneinheit ein Schieberegister für die Registrierung und Übertragung spezifischer Informationen über jede einzelne Klappkiste für die aufeinander folgenden Stationen (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23) umfasst, wie beispielsweise Informationen zu den Abmessungen und/oder dem (un)vollständigen Aufklappen festgeklemmter Klappkisten.
  23. Vorrichtung (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 12-22, welche dafür ausgebildet ist, Klappkisten an ersten Seiten des Kistenbodens, welche in der Nähe der ersten Wände liegen, in festgeklemmter Weise durch die Förderbahn (C) gelangen zu lassen.
  24. Vorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Fördermittel (13) dafür ausgebildet sind, dass die ersten Eingreifmittel an den Seiten einer Klappkiste (1) angreifen, an denen die Wände (4) liegen, welche als erstes aufgestellt oder aufgeklappt werden müssen.
  25. Vorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Fördermittel (12, 13) dafür ausgebildet sind, die Klappkisten (1) durch die Vorrichtung (10) gemäß einer linearen oder geraden Bahn (C) gelangen zu lassen und vorzugsweise zum Aufklappen der Kisten (1) auf dieser Bahn (C).
  26. Vorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Fördermittel (12, 13) dafür ausgebildet sind, Kisten (1) in ein und derselben Förderrichtung entlang einer Bearbeitungsstation oder Aufklappstation (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23) gelangen zu lassen.
  27. Verfahren zum Aufklappen von Klappkisten (1), insbesondere in einem kontinuierlichen Verfahren, wobei die Klappkisten einen Kistenboden (2), zwei gegenüberliegende erste Wände (4), welche an dem Kistenboden (2) klappbar angebracht sind, und zwei gegenüberliegende zweite Wände (3) umfasst, welche an dem Kistenboden (2) klappbar angebracht sind, welche alle in einer zusammengeklappten Stellung beziehungsweise in einer aufgeklappten Stellung platziert werden können, wobei die Klappkisten durch eine Vorrichtung (10) zum Aufklappen der Klappkisten (1) hindurch befördert werden, wobei die Vorrichtung (10) einen Rahmen (11) sowie an dem Rahmen (11) vorgesehene Fördermittel (12, 13) umfasst, um Klappkisten (1) durch die Vorrichtung (10) in Förderrichtung gemäß einer linearen oder geraden Förderbahn (C) hindurch zu befördern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fördermittel (12, 13) an einer Klappkiste durch erste Eingreifmittel (13) klemmend angreifen, wobei die Klemmkraft nur während der Beförderung gemäß der Förderbahn (C) ausgeübt wird.
  28. Verfahren nach Anspruch 27, wobei die Kisten während der Beförderung entlang der Bahn (C) aufgeklappt werden.
  29. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 27 oder 28, wobei die Kisten (1) in ein und derselben Förderrichtung entlang einer Bearbeitungsstation oder Aufklappstation (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23) gelangen.
EP05076916A 2004-08-19 2005-08-19 Vorrichtung zum Aufklappen von Kasten Expired - Lifetime EP1637455B1 (de)

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EP2181841B1 (de) * 2008-11-04 2011-05-11 Tanzer Peter Maschinenbau Maschine zum Aufklappen/Zuklappen von Steigen mit klappbaren Seitenwänden
IT1391543B1 (it) * 2008-11-04 2012-01-11 Tanzer Peter Maschb Dispositivo per l'apertura automatizzata di cassette a sponde ripieghevoli
IT1395053B1 (it) * 2009-07-24 2012-09-05 Tanzer Peter Maschb Dispositivo per l'apertura automatizzata di cassette ripieghevoli aventi dimensioni differenti e dispositivi di aggancio diversi fra le sponde
ITRN20100022A1 (it) * 2010-04-30 2010-07-30 Sit Srl Appare3cchiatura per la chiusura di casse pieghevoli
ES2394794B2 (es) * 2011-03-24 2014-09-29 Talleres Cortes S.L. Dispositivo para el desplegado de cajas
CL2020002515A1 (es) * 2020-09-29 2021-02-12 Wenco Sa Máquina y método para el armado automatizado de cajas plegables

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DE9405299U1 (de) * 1994-03-29 1994-05-26 Meurer, Gerhard, Dipl.-Ing., 37574 Einbeck Vorrichtung zum Auffalten von Kisten
NL1009800C2 (nl) * 1998-08-04 2000-02-08 Numafa B V Inrichting en werkwijze voor het uitvouwen van opvouwbare kratten, en werkwijze voor het ledigen van kratten.
IT1310244B1 (it) * 1999-08-27 2002-02-11 Frutmac S R L Sistema e macchina per l'apertura automatizzata di cassetteripieghevoli.
NL1013830C2 (nl) * 1999-12-13 2001-06-14 Schoeller Wavin Systems N V Inrichting voor het oprichten van een houder met neerklapbare zijwanden.

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DE602005005590T2 (de) 2009-05-07
EP1637455A2 (de) 2006-03-22

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