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EP1663769A1 - Watercraft - Google Patents

Watercraft

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Publication number
EP1663769A1
EP1663769A1 EP04764627A EP04764627A EP1663769A1 EP 1663769 A1 EP1663769 A1 EP 1663769A1 EP 04764627 A EP04764627 A EP 04764627A EP 04764627 A EP04764627 A EP 04764627A EP 1663769 A1 EP1663769 A1 EP 1663769A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
guide elements
bow
propulsion units
fuselage
wedge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04764627A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1663769B1 (en
Inventor
Udo Wulf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
New Logistics GmbH
Original Assignee
New Logistics GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by New Logistics GmbH filed Critical New Logistics GmbH
Priority to PL04764627T priority Critical patent/PL1663769T3/en
Publication of EP1663769A1 publication Critical patent/EP1663769A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1663769B1 publication Critical patent/EP1663769B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/04—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with single hull
    • B63B1/06—Shape of fore part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/04—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with single hull
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/14—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers characterised by being mounted in non-rotating ducts or rings, e.g. adjustable for steering purpose
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B2211/00—Applications
    • B63B2211/06—Operation in ice-infested waters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a watercraft, in particular barge, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such watercraft are known, for example, from DE 37 12 534 A1, and have a hull for receiving utilization devices and propulsion units arranged on the hull for providing a driving force.
  • On an underside of the fuselage guide elements are also provided in the bow area, each having a standing, tapering towards the front wedge shape. Finally, a portion of the fuselage is provided between the guide elements, which is in the form of a horizontal wedge.
  • a conventional ship's bow displaces the water mainly laterally outwards, under the ship's bottom less and less, until hardly any water is passed.
  • the ship absorbs itself so to speak to the fairway bottom and the speed of the lateral flow increases.
  • the water then flows off worse and worse and the ship begins to push a water mountain in front of him.
  • This Mountain can only flow between the ship's side and the bank, which in turn leads to an ever higher lateral flow speed.
  • this inter alia, considerably affects the efficiency of the drive propeller or those located at the rear in the center.
  • behind the ship builds a strong crosswave, which holds the ship to some extent.
  • the vessel with the features of claim 1.
  • the watercraft of the type specified above is further developed in that the propulsion units are arranged in the bow area set back relative to the guide elements and that the propulsion units are arranged pivotably.
  • first core idea of the invention can be considered to provide a plurality of guide elements in the bow region of the vessel, which have a standing wedge shape and taper towards the front.
  • guide elements By these guide elements, a considerable subset of the displaced water is not displaced to the outside, but to the inside.
  • Another key idea is to form a portion between the wedge-shaped guide elements as a lying wedge, which also tapers upstream. By such a wedge-shaped portion of the displaced by the guide elements inward masses of water can be passed under the hull.
  • a third core idea is to arrange the propulsion units in the bow region set back to the guide elements. As a result, a significant improvement in the efficiency of the propulsion units is achieved.
  • the propulsion units are pivotally arranged.
  • an angle of attack of the propulsion units can be adapted specifically to the driving speed. This results in considerable advantages in terms of the efficiency of the drive units.
  • the propulsion units in contrast to the situation in the rear of the water is supplied to the front with the back pressure. The dynamic pressure is then reduced via the propulsion units or propulsors in the bow area, which, based on the wave pattern in the bow area, can be expected to have a similar effect as the bulbous bow in conventional ship shapes.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that it comes with this new bow shape to a much lower wave formation, which the burden of riparian zones compared to conventional inland vessels is significantly reduced.
  • the guide elements control and port side are provided. It can then be carried out a particularly large subset of the displaced water under the vessel.
  • propulsion units which can be expediently designed as drive propellers, are arranged pivotable about a vertical axis. An angular adjustment of the drive propeller as a function of the driving speed is thus made possible.
  • the portion between the guide elements may be formed so as to have substantially the bow shape of a sea sledge.
  • the wedge-shaped guide elements may be designed in the manner of the fore ship geometry of a catamaran or semi-catamaran. These are known hull shapes, so that in this regard can be made of known technologies and costs can be saved.
  • An improvement of the flow characteristics can be achieved if at least one of the guide elements tapers in a standing wedge shape to the rear. Particularly good results are achieved when at least one guide element, the rear wedge shape is formed dull than the bow-side wedge shape.
  • the efficiency of the propulsion units can be improved if the guide elements have recesses in which the propulsion units are arranged. Particularly good results are achieved if the propulsion units are arranged in areas in which a large number of flow lines converge, for example immediately behind a rear edge of the guide elements.
  • propulsion units can also be provided in the rear region of the fuselage. This allows an even greater maneuverability of the vessel can be achieved.
  • wedge-shaped guide elements are also present in the rear region of the hull, in particular the control and port side. These guide elements can be tapered back in standing wedge shape. If appropriate, such guide elements can also be provided in the center region of the fuselage or distributed over the entire fuselage length.
  • the passage of the masses of water under the hull can also be improved by a device for lubrication with air bubbles.
  • these may be devices of the type described in DE 103 07 795.
  • openings for example water supply slots, are provided on the guide elements in order to supply water to the propulsion units.
  • These water supply slots can be conveniently arranged along the direction of travel, which can also be prevented that flotsam or ice can be pushed into the drive units.
  • the geometry of the new innovative bow shape is also ideal for ice travel, in which case the hull, in particular the bow-side guide sections, are preferably designed for ice breaking.
  • the catamaran hulls cut open the ice cover by pressure from above. Only about half of the broken clods must be displaced to the side, the other half pushes under the fuselage and is guided by the example, with air bubbles lubricated bottom friction to the rear.
  • a special rear ship shape prevents the ice floes from damaging the rear propulsors.
  • covering means for at least partially covering the recesses in the guide elements, in which the propulsion units are arranged are expediently provided.
  • a rail-run cover which may be a nose flap, as seen from the front as far as the height of the propulsors.
  • the essential core idea of the present invention is thus the angular position of the drive units in conjunction with the geometry of the bow shape.
  • the resultant of the propeller thrust jet leads to a propulsion, whereby a friction of the downstream propeller flow on the side wall can be largely avoided.
  • the angle of attack of the front, ie bow-side drive units, the ship's speed can always be optimally adapted. Particularly good results can be achieved if the drive units are rotatable about a vertical axis and thus can be made in relation to the speed of travel at any angle.
  • a bow shape is created in which quite deliberately a wedge of the inflowing water is not directed out to the side, but under the ship and to the drives. Only part of the inflowing water is displaced laterally outwards.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the bow shape of a watercraft according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view in the direction of the ship's longitudinal axis of the vessel of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the watercraft of Fig. 1 and 4 shows a further horizontal sectional view of the watercraft of FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 An embodiment of a vessel 10 according to the invention designed as inland vessel 10 is shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. Equivalent components are identified by the same reference numerals.
  • any desired utilization devices 14 can be placed on a top surface 50 of the hull 12.
  • wedge-shaped guide elements 24 are provided on the port side and on the starboard side. According to the invention, the guide elements 24 taper forward to the bow-shaped wedge shapes 26 which, in the example shown here, terminate with a bow-end 48 of the fuselage and run essentially transversely to the water surface 34.
  • the shape of the guide elements 24 can therefore be regarded as a standing wedge shape.
  • the inner side surfaces of the wedge-shaped guide elements 24 bound a substantially rectangular cross-section portion 28.
  • this portion is particularly well in the perspective view in Fig. 1 and the vertical sectional view in FIG 2 recognizable, as a lying wedge 30 is formed, which tapers in the direction of the bow-side end 48 of the fuselage 12, ie forward.
  • openings 38 can also be seen in FIG. 3, via which water is supplied to the propulsion units 16, as shown in greater detail in FIG. 4. These openings lie along the direction of travel, whereby a pushing in of flotsam or ice in the drive units 16, 32 can be largely avoided.
  • the propulsion propellers 32 are pivotally mounted there about a vertical axis, ie about an azimuthal angle.
  • the drive propellers 32 are preferably rotatable over at least 180, but in principle larger angles of rotation can also be realized. In this way, especially if also rear side ent. speaking drive units are provided, excellent maneuverability of the inland vessel 10 according to the invention can be achieved.
  • the guide members 24 taper rearwardly to rearward wedge shapes 36, which are bluntered 26 than the bow-end wedge shapes, and which also extend substantially transverse to the water surface 34, i. represent also standing wedge shapes.
  • the particularly advantageous flow course that can be achieved with the bow shape according to the invention is a schematic illustrated in Fig. 4 by means of a plurality of arrows 46.
  • a flow path in which converge behind the rear wedge shapes 26 particularly many flow lines is obtained by the formation of the bow and tail wedge shapes 26, 36 of the guide elements 24 a flow path in which converge behind the rear wedge shapes 26 particularly many flow lines.
  • the drive propellers 32 are thus arranged exactly where particularly many flow lines converge.
  • a significant improvement in the efficiency of the propulsion units 32 is thereby achieved in the invention.
  • the bow shape shown in connection with the front geometry of a semi-catamaran is realized in conjunction with azimutierenden, vertical propeller drives on the basis of the bow shape of the sea sledge. Even with very shallow water, only part of the water in front of the ship is displaced from the bow to the side in the new bow geometry and the rest is guided by the bow under the ship or supplied to the front-wheel drive propellers.
  • the bow consists essentially of three wedges, each standing a wedge outside, similar to the bow geometry of a catamaran (or semi-catamaran) and in the middle between a lying wedge, similar to the bow shape of a sea sledge.
  • the outer bow parts ie the catamaran parts, displace part of the water in front of the ship to the outside, while the lying wedge shape of the sea sled the water between the catamaran fuselage parts under the ship and to the outside in the catamaran fuselages lying Propulsoren, which are in the present case designed as vertically arranged azimutierende propellers leads.
  • the propulsors are each arranged in a kind of tunnel in the lateral bumps so that they can be swiveled over at least 180, ie also thrust to the side and to the front, e.g. to decelerate the ship, exercise.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a watercraft, particularly a river boat, with a hull for receiving useful devices and with propulsion units for generating a driving force and which are located on the hull. The watercraft according to the invention is characterized in that guiding elements are provided in the bow area on the underside of the hull, which have a vertical, forwardly tapering wedge shape, that the propulsion units in the bow area are set back from the wedge-shaped guiding elements, that between the guiding elements is provided a partial area of the hull constructed in the form of a horizontal wedge and that the propulsion units are pivotably mounted.

Description

Wasserfahrzeugwater craft
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Wasserfahrzeug, insbesondere Binnenschiff, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a watercraft, in particular barge, according to the preamble of claim 1.
Solche Wasserfahrzeuge sind, beispielsweise aus DE 37 12 534 AI, bekannt und weisen einen Rumpf zur Aufnahme von Nutzeinrichtungen sowie am Rumpf angeordnete Propulsionseinheiten zur Bereitstellung einer Antriebskraft auf. Auf einer Unterseite des Rumpfs sind außerdem im Bugbereich Führungselemente vorgesehen, die jeweils eine stehende, sich nach vorne verjüngende Keilform aufweisen. Schließlich ist zwischen den Führungselementen ein Teilbereich des Rumpfes vorgesehen, der in Form eines liegenden Keils ausgebildet ist.Such watercraft are known, for example, from DE 37 12 534 A1, and have a hull for receiving utilization devices and propulsion units arranged on the hull for providing a driving force. On an underside of the fuselage guide elements are also provided in the bow area, each having a standing, tapering towards the front wedge shape. Finally, a portion of the fuselage is provided between the guide elements, which is in the form of a horizontal wedge.
Bei Binnenschiffen wird die Umströmung des Schiffskörpers in flachem und seitlich begrenztem Fahrwasser mit zunehmender Geschwindigkeit und zunehmender Schiffsbreite problematisch.In inland vessels, the flow around the hull in flat and laterally confined waters becomes more problematic with increasing speed and increasing ship width.
Ein herkömmlicher Schiffsbug verdrängt das Wasser überwiegend seitlich nach außen, wobei unter dem Schiffsboden immer weniger, bis kaum noch Wasser hindurchgeführt wird.A conventional ship's bow displaces the water mainly laterally outwards, under the ship's bottom less and less, until hardly any water is passed.
Das Schiff saugt sich sozusagen zum Fahrwassergrund an und die Geschwindigkeit der seitlichen Umströmung nimmt zu. Das Wasser fließt dann immer schlechter ab und das Schiff beginnt quasi einen Wasserberg vor sich herzuschieben. Dieser Berg kann nur noch zwischen der Schiffsseite und dem Ufer abfließen, was wiederum zu einer immer höheren seitlichen Strömungsgeschwindigkeit führt. Zusammen mit der immer geringer werdenden unter dem Schiffsboden in Richtung Heck durchgeführten Wassermenge beeinträchtigt dies unter anderem erheblich den Wirkungsgrad des oder der hinten mittig liegenden Antriebspropeller. Zudem baut sich hinter dem Schiff eine starke Querwelle auf, die das Schiff gewissermaßen festhält .The ship absorbs itself so to speak to the fairway bottom and the speed of the lateral flow increases. The water then flows off worse and worse and the ship begins to push a water mountain in front of him. This Mountain can only flow between the ship's side and the bank, which in turn leads to an ever higher lateral flow speed. Together with the ever-decreasing amount of water carried out under the bottom of the ship in the direction of the stern, this, inter alia, considerably affects the efficiency of the drive propeller or those located at the rear in the center. In addition, behind the ship builds a strong crosswave, which holds the ship to some extent.
Bezogen auf die Verfügbarkeit von Wasser für den Antrieb des Schiffs wären bugseitig prinzipiell optimale Propul- sionsbedingungen gegeben, die aber bei herkömmlichen Schiffsbugformen nicht genutzt werden können. Man versucht statt dessen beim Hinterschiff über aufwändige Formgebungen und komplexe Propulsionsgeometrien, den vom Prinzip her schlechteren Zustrombedingungen gleichwohl ein Optimum abzugewinnen. Die Wirkung von Querstrahlrudern und horizontal liegenden Propeller-/Pumpensystemen im Vorschiff, wie sie heute in Binnenschiffe eingebaut werden, ist durch die hohen Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten bzw. durch den im Extremfall nicht mehr vorhandenen Zustrom von Wasser unter dem Schiff natürlich auch deutlich reduziert.In terms of the availability of water for the propulsion of the ship, optimal propulsion conditions would be given on the bow side, which can not be used in conventional ship bow shapes. Instead, one tries at the rear of elaborate shapes and complex Propulsionsgeometrien to win the principle of worse inflow conditions nevertheless an optimum. The effect of transverse thrusters and horizontal propeller / pump systems in the foredeck, as they are now installed in inland vessels, of course, also significantly reduced by the high flow velocities or by the no longer present in extreme cases inflow of water under the ship.
Weitere Wasserfahrzeuge mit Führungselementen sind in DE 29 28 634 Bl sowie DE 696 12 995 T2 beschrieben.Other watercraft with guide elements are described in DE 29 28 634 Bl and DE 696 12 995 T2.
A u f g a b e der Erfindung ist es, ein Wasserfahrzeug der oben angegebenen Art zu schaffen, bei dem nur ein Teil des Wassers von dem Bug zur Seite verdrängt wird und bei dem der Wirkungsgrad für die Antriebsaggregate deutlich verbessert ist.It is an object of the present invention to provide a watercraft of the above indicated type in which only part of the water is displaced from the bow to the side and in which the efficiency for the power units is significantly improved.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch das Wasserfahrzeug mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Das Wasserfahrzeug der oben angegebenen Art ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch weitergebildet, dass die Propulsionseinheiten im Bugbereich zurückgesetzt zu den Führungselementen angeordnet sind und dass die Propulsionseinheiten schwenkbar angeordnet sind.This object is achieved by the vessel with the features of claim 1. According to the invention, the watercraft of the type specified above is further developed in that the propulsion units are arranged in the bow area set back relative to the guide elements and that the propulsion units are arranged pivotably.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Wasserfahrzeugs sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Advantageous embodiments of the watercraft according to the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Als erster Kerngedanke der Erfindung kann angesehen werden, im Bugbereich des Wasserfahrzeugs eine Mehrzahl von Führungselementen vorzusehen, die eine stehende Keilform aufweisen und sich nach vorne verjüngen. Durch diese Führungselemente wird eine erhebliche Teilmenge des verdrängten Wassers nicht nach außen, sondern nach innen verdrängt.As a first core idea of the invention can be considered to provide a plurality of guide elements in the bow region of the vessel, which have a standing wedge shape and taper towards the front. By these guide elements, a considerable subset of the displaced water is not displaced to the outside, but to the inside.
Ein weiterer Kerngedanke besteht darin, einen Teilbereich zwischen den keilförmigen Führungselementen als liegenden Keil auszubilden, der sich ebenfalls stromaufwärts verjüngt. Durch solch einen keilförmigen Teilbereich können die von den Führungselementen nach innen verdrängten Wassermassen unter den Schiffsrumpf geleitet werden.Another key idea is to form a portion between the wedge-shaped guide elements as a lying wedge, which also tapers upstream. By such a wedge-shaped portion of the displaced by the guide elements inward masses of water can be passed under the hull.
Ein dritter Kerngedanke besteht darin, die Propulsionseinheiten im Bugbereich zurückgesetzt zu den Führungselementen anzuordnen. Hierdurch wird eine deutliche Verbesserung des Wirkungsgrads der Propulsionseinheiten erzielt.A third core idea is to arrange the propulsion units in the bow region set back to the guide elements. As a result, a significant improvement in the efficiency of the propulsion units is achieved.
Ein vierter Kerngedanke kann schließlich darin gesehen werden, dass die Propulsionseinheiten schwenkbar angeordnet sind. So kann beispielsweise ein Anstellwinkel der Propulsionseinheiten spezifisch an die Fahrtgeschwindigkeit ange- passt werden. Hieraus ergeben sich erhebliche Vorteile im Hinblick auf den Wirkungsgrad der Antriebseinheiten. Als ein erster wesentlicher Vorteil der Erfindung kann angesehen werden, dass den Propulsionseinheiten im Unterschied zur Situation im Hinterschiff das Wasser vorne mit dem Staudruck zugeführt wird. Der Staudruck wird dann über die Propulsionseinheiten oder Propulsoren im Bugbereich reduziert, was bezogen auf das Wellenbild im Bugbereich einen ähnlichen Effekt erwarten lässt, wie der Wulstbug bei herkömmlichen Schiffsformen.Finally, a fourth core idea can be seen in that the propulsion units are pivotally arranged. For example, an angle of attack of the propulsion units can be adapted specifically to the driving speed. This results in considerable advantages in terms of the efficiency of the drive units. As a first significant advantage of the invention can be considered that the propulsion units, in contrast to the situation in the rear of the water is supplied to the front with the back pressure. The dynamic pressure is then reduced via the propulsion units or propulsors in the bow area, which, based on the wave pattern in the bow area, can be expected to have a similar effect as the bulbous bow in conventional ship shapes.
Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, dass es mit dieser neuen Bugform zu einer deutlich geringeren Wellenbildung kommt, womit die Belastung von Uferzonen im Vergleich mit herkömmlichen Binnenschiffen erheblich reduziert wird.Another advantage of the invention is that it comes with this new bow shape to a much lower wave formation, which the burden of riparian zones compared to conventional inland vessels is significantly reduced.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Führungselemente Steuer- und backbordseitig vorgesehen. Es kann dann eine besonders große Teilmenge des verdrängten Wassers unter dem Wasserfahrzeug durchgeführt werden.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the guide elements control and port side are provided. It can then be carried out a particularly large subset of the displaced water under the vessel.
Eine besonders gute Manövrierfähigkeit des Wasserfahrzeugs wird erzielt, wenn die Propulsionseinheiten, die zweckmäßig als Antriebspropeller ausgebildet sein können, um eine vertikale Achse schwenkbar angeordnet sind. Auch eine Winkel- einstellung der Antriebspropeller in Abhängigkeit von der Fahrgeschwindigkeit wird so ermöglicht.A particularly good maneuverability of the watercraft is achieved if the propulsion units, which can be expediently designed as drive propellers, are arranged pivotable about a vertical axis. An angular adjustment of the drive propeller as a function of the driving speed is thus made possible.
Der Teilbereich zwischen den Führungselementen kann so ausgebildet sein, dass er im Wesentlichen die Bugform eines Seeschlittens aufweist. Die keilförmigen Führungselemente können in der Art der Vorschiffsgeometrie eines Katamarans oder Semi-Katamarans ausgebildet sein. Dabei handelt es sich um bekannte Rumpfformen, so dass diesbezüglich auf bekannte Technologien zurückgegriffen und Kosten gespart werden können. Eine Verbesserung der Strömungseigenschaften kann erzielt werden, wenn mindestens eines der Führungselemente sich in stehender Keilform nach hinten verjüngt. Besonders gute Resultate werden dabei erzielt, wenn bei mindestens einem Führungselement die heckseitige Keilform stumpfer als die bugseitige Keilform ausgebildet ist.The portion between the guide elements may be formed so as to have substantially the bow shape of a sea sledge. The wedge-shaped guide elements may be designed in the manner of the fore ship geometry of a catamaran or semi-catamaran. These are known hull shapes, so that in this regard can be made of known technologies and costs can be saved. An improvement of the flow characteristics can be achieved if at least one of the guide elements tapers in a standing wedge shape to the rear. Particularly good results are achieved when at least one guide element, the rear wedge shape is formed dull than the bow-side wedge shape.
Der Wirkungsgrad der Propulsionseinheiten kann verbessert werden, wenn die Führungselemente Ausnehmungen aufweisen, in denen die Propulsionseinheiten angeordnet sind. Besonders gute Ergebnisse werden erreicht, wenn die Propulsionseinheiten in Bereichen angeordnet werden, in denen eine große Anzahl von Strömungslinien zusammenlaufen, beispielsweise unmittelbar hinter einer heckseitigen Kante der Führungselemente.The efficiency of the propulsion units can be improved if the guide elements have recesses in which the propulsion units are arranged. Particularly good results are achieved if the propulsion units are arranged in areas in which a large number of flow lines converge, for example immediately behind a rear edge of the guide elements.
Selbstverständlich können auch im Heckbereich des Rumpfs Propulsionseinheiten vorgesehen sein. Dadurch kann eine noch größere Manövrierfähigkeit des Wasserfahrzeugs erreicht werden.Of course, propulsion units can also be provided in the rear region of the fuselage. This allows an even greater maneuverability of the vessel can be achieved.
Das Durchleiten des Wassers unter dem Schiffsrumpf kann verbessert werde, wenn auch im Heckbereich des Rumpfs, insbesondere Steuer- und backbordseitig, keilförmige Führungselemente vorhanden sind. Auch diese Führungselemente können sich nach hinten in stehender Keilform verjüngen. Gegebenenfalls können solche Führungselemente auch im Mittenbereich des Rumpfs oder über die gesamte Rumpflänge verteilt, vorgesehen sein.The passage of the water under the hull can be improved if wedge-shaped guide elements are also present in the rear region of the hull, in particular the control and port side. These guide elements can be tapered back in standing wedge shape. If appropriate, such guide elements can also be provided in the center region of the fuselage or distributed over the entire fuselage length.
Das Durchleiten der Wassermassen unter dem Schiffsrumpf kann außerdem durch eine Einrichtung zur Schmierung mit Luftblasen verbessert werden. Insbesondere kann es sich dabei um Einrichtungen der in DE 103 07 795 beschriebenen Art handeln. Bevorzugt sind an den Führungselementen Öffnungen, beispielsweise Wasserzufuhrschlitze, vorgesehen, um den Propulsionseinheiten Wasser zuzuführen. Diese Wasserzufuhrschlitze können zweckmäßig längs zur Fahrtrichtung angeordnet sein, wodurch außerdem verhindert werden kann, dass Treibgut oder Eis in die Antriebseinheiten hereingedrückt werden kann.The passage of the masses of water under the hull can also be improved by a device for lubrication with air bubbles. In particular, these may be devices of the type described in DE 103 07 795. Preferably, openings, for example water supply slots, are provided on the guide elements in order to supply water to the propulsion units. These water supply slots can be conveniently arranged along the direction of travel, which can also be prevented that flotsam or ice can be pushed into the drive units.
Die Geometrie der neuen innovativen Bugform ist auch hervorragend für die Eisfahrt geeignet, wobei dann der Rumpf, insbesondere die bugseitigen Führungseimente, bevorzugt zum Eisbrechen ausgebildet sind.The geometry of the new innovative bow shape is also ideal for ice travel, in which case the hull, in particular the bow-side guide sections, are preferably designed for ice breaking.
Die Katamaranrümpfe schneiden die Eisdecke durch Druck von oben auf. Nur etwa die Hälfte der gebrochenen Schollen muss zur Seite verdrängt werden, die andere Hälfte schiebt sich unter den Rumpf durch und wird über den beispeilsweise mit Luftblasen geschmierten Boden reibungsarm nach hinten geführt. Eine spezielle Hinterschiffsform verhindert dann, dass die hinteren Propulsoren von Eisschollen beschädigt werden können. Um die bugseitigen Propulsionseinheiten bei solchen Eisfahrten zu schützen, sind zweckmäßig Abdeckeinrichtungen zum wenigstens teilweisen Abdecken der Ausnehmungen in den Führungselementen, in denen die Propulsionseinheiten angeordnet sind, vorgesehen.The catamaran hulls cut open the ice cover by pressure from above. Only about half of the broken clods must be displaced to the side, the other half pushes under the fuselage and is guided by the example, with air bubbles lubricated bottom friction to the rear. A special rear ship shape prevents the ice floes from damaging the rear propulsors. In order to protect the bow-side propulsion units in such ice rides, covering means for at least partially covering the recesses in the guide elements, in which the propulsion units are arranged, are expediently provided.
Bei Eisfahrt mit geringem Tiefgang werden die vorderen Propulsoren abgeschaltet und ein äußerer Tunnelschlitz wird jeweils an jeder Außenseite mit Hilfe einer in Schienen geführten Abdeckeinrichtung, bei der es sich um eine Bugklappe handeln kann, bis zur Höhe der Propulsoren von vorne gesehen abgedeckt. So können sich auch bei Fahrt im Eis mit leerem Schiff oder in Ballast keine Eisschollen in die vorderen Propulsioristunnel schieben. Wesentlicher Kerngedanke der vorliegenden Erfindung ist also die Winkelstellung der Antriebseinheiten in Verbindung mit der Geometrie der Bugform. Die Resultierende des Propellerschubstrahles führt zu einem Vortrieb, wobei eine Reibung des Propellernachstroms an der Bordwand weitgehend vermieden werden kann. Der Anstellwinkel der vorderen, also bugseitigen Antriebseinheiten kann der Schiffsgeschwindigkeit immer optimal angepasst werden. Besonders gute Ergebnisse können erzielt werden, wenn die Antriebseinheiten um eine vertikale Achse drehbar sind und damit in Abhängigkeit zur Fahrtgeschwindigkeit in beliebigen Winkeln angestellt werden können.In low-draft ice travel, the forward propulsors are shut off and an outer tunnel slot is covered on each outside by means of a rail-run cover, which may be a nose flap, as seen from the front as far as the height of the propulsors. Thus, even when driving in the ice with an empty ship or in ballast no ice floes can push into the front Propulsioristunnel. The essential core idea of the present invention is thus the angular position of the drive units in conjunction with the geometry of the bow shape. The resultant of the propeller thrust jet leads to a propulsion, whereby a friction of the downstream propeller flow on the side wall can be largely avoided. The angle of attack of the front, ie bow-side drive units, the ship's speed can always be optimally adapted. Particularly good results can be achieved if the drive units are rotatable about a vertical axis and thus can be made in relation to the speed of travel at any angle.
Weiterhin wird mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Wasserfahrzeug eine Bugform geschaffen, bei der ganz gezielt ein Keil des anströmenden Wassers nicht nach außen zur Seite, sondern unter das Schiff und zu den Antrieben gelenkt wird. Nur ein Teil des anströmenden Wassers wird seitlich nach außen verdrängt .Furthermore, with the watercraft according to the invention, a bow shape is created in which quite deliberately a wedge of the inflowing water is not directed out to the side, but under the ship and to the drives. Only part of the inflowing water is displaced laterally outwards.
Weitere Eigenschaften und Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Wasserfahrzeugs werden nachstehend unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Figuren beschrieben.Further characteristics and advantages of the vessel according to the invention are described below with reference to the attached figures.
Dort zeigen:There show:
Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht der Bugform eines erfindungsgemäßen Wasserfahrzeugs;1 is a perspective view of the bow shape of a watercraft according to the invention;
Fig. 2 eine vertikale Schnittansicht in Richtung der Schiffslängsachse des Wasserfahrzeugs aus Fig. 1;Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view in the direction of the ship's longitudinal axis of the vessel of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 eine horizontale Schnittansicht des Wasserfahrzeugs aus Fig. 1 und Fig. 4 eine weitere horizontale Schnittansicht des Wasserfahrzeugs aus Fig. 1.Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the watercraft of Fig. 1 and 4 shows a further horizontal sectional view of the watercraft of FIG. 1.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines als Binnenschiff 10 ausgebildeten erfindungsgemäßen Wasserfahrzeugs 10 ist in den Fig. 1 bis 4 gezeigt. Äquivalente Komponenten sind jeweils mit denselben Bezugszeichen gekennzeichnet.An embodiment of a vessel 10 according to the invention designed as inland vessel 10 is shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. Equivalent components are identified by the same reference numerals.
Gezeigt ist jeweils ein Bugbereich 18 des erfindungsgemäßen Binnenschiffs 10. Auf einer Deckfläche 50 des Rumpfs 12 können beliebige Nutzeinrichtungen 14 platziert sein. Auf der dem Waser 20 zugewandten Unterseite 22 des Rumpfs 12 sind backbordseitig und steuerbordseitig erfindungsgemäß keilförmige Führungselemente 24 vorgesehen. Die Führungselemente 24 verjüngen sich erfindungsgemäß nach vorn zu bugseitigen Keilformen 26, die bei dem hier gezeigten Beispiel mit einem bugseitigen Ende 48 des Rumpfs abschließen und im Wesentlichen quer zur Wasseroberfläche 34 verlaufen. Die Form der Führungselemente 24 kann daher als stehende Keilform angesehen werden.Shown in each case is a bow region 18 of the inland vessel 10 according to the invention. Any desired utilization devices 14 can be placed on a top surface 50 of the hull 12. On the underside 22 of the fuselage 12 facing the water 20, according to the invention, wedge-shaped guide elements 24 are provided on the port side and on the starboard side. According to the invention, the guide elements 24 taper forward to the bow-shaped wedge shapes 26 which, in the example shown here, terminate with a bow-end 48 of the fuselage and run essentially transversely to the water surface 34. The shape of the guide elements 24 can therefore be regarded as a standing wedge shape.
Wie aus der horizontalen Schnittansicht in Fig. 3 ersichtlich, begrenzen die innen liegenden Seitenflächen der keilförmigen Führungselemente 24 einen im Querschnitt im Wesentlichen rechteckigen Teilbereich 28. Erfindungsgemäß ist dieser Teilbereich, wie besonders gut in der perspektivischen Darstellung in Fig. 1 und der Vertikalschnittansicht in Fig. 2 erkennbar, als liegender Keil 30 ausgebildet, der sich in Richtung des bugseitigen Endes 48 des Rumpfs 12, also nach vorn, verjüngt.As can be seen from the horizontal sectional view in FIG. 3, the inner side surfaces of the wedge-shaped guide elements 24 bound a substantially rectangular cross-section portion 28. According to the invention, this portion is particularly well in the perspective view in Fig. 1 and the vertical sectional view in FIG 2 recognizable, as a lying wedge 30 is formed, which tapers in the direction of the bow-side end 48 of the fuselage 12, ie forward.
Weiterhin sind in Fig. 3 auch Öffnungen 38 erkennbar, über welche den Propulsionseinheiten 16, wie in Fig. 4 noch genauer dargestellt, Wasser zugeführt wird. Diese Öffnungen liegen längs zur Fahrtrichtung, wodurch ein Hineindrücken von Treibgut oder Eis in die Antriebseinheiten 16, 32 weitgehend vermieden werden kann.Furthermore, openings 38 can also be seen in FIG. 3, via which water is supplied to the propulsion units 16, as shown in greater detail in FIG. 4. These openings lie along the direction of travel, whereby a pushing in of flotsam or ice in the drive units 16, 32 can be largely avoided.
Durch das Zusammenwirken der seitlich angeordneten keilförmigen Führungselemente 24 mit dem als liegender Keil ausgebildeten Teilbereich 28 wird ein erheblicher Teil des bug- seitig auf den Rumpf auftreffenden Wassers zwischen die Führungselemente 24 und in Folge unter dem Rumpf 12 durchgeführt. Die im Wesentlichen parallel angeordneten innen liegenden Seitenflächen der keilförmigen Führungselemente 24 bewirken dabei ein besonders ruhiges Strömungsverhalten, da eine Wirbelbildung weitgehend vermieden werden kann.As a result of the interaction of the wedge-shaped guide elements 24 arranged laterally with the partial region 28 which is in the form of a lying wedge, a considerable part of the water striking the hull on the bow side is conducted between the guide elements 24 and subsequently under the fuselage 12. The substantially parallel inner side surfaces of the wedge-shaped guide elements 24 cause a particularly smooth flow behavior, since a vortex formation can be largely avoided.
Zur Aufnahme von Antriebspropellern 32 als Propulsionseinheiten 16 sind in den beiden Führungselementen 24 Ausnehmungen 42 vorgesehen. Die Antriebspropeller 32 sind dort um eine vertikale Achse, also um einen Azimutalwinkel, schwenkbar montiert. Bevorzugt sind die Antriebspropeller o 32 dabei über mindestens 180 drehbar, wobei prinzipiell aber auch größere Drehwinkel realisierbar sind. Auf diese Weise kann, insbesondere wenn auch heckseitig ent- . sprechende Antriebsaggregate vorgesehen sind, eine hervorragende Manövrierfähigkeit des erfindungsgemäßen Binnenschiffs 10 erzielt werden.To accommodate drive propellers 32 as propulsion units 16 24 recesses 42 are provided in the two guide elements. The propulsion propellers 32 are pivotally mounted there about a vertical axis, ie about an azimuthal angle. In this case, the drive propellers 32 are preferably rotatable over at least 180, but in principle larger angles of rotation can also be realized. In this way, especially if also rear side ent. speaking drive units are provided, excellent maneuverability of the inland vessel 10 according to the invention can be achieved.
Die Führungselemente 24 verjüngen sich nach hinten zu heck- seitigen Keilformen 36, die im Vergleich zu den bugseitigen Keilformen stumpfer 26 ausgebildet sind und die sich im Wesentlichen ebenfalls quer zur Wasseroberfläche 34 erstrecken, d.h. ebenfalls stehende Keilformen darstellen.The guide members 24 taper rearwardly to rearward wedge shapes 36, which are bluntered 26 than the bow-end wedge shapes, and which also extend substantially transverse to the water surface 34, i. represent also standing wedge shapes.
Der besonders vorteilhafte Strömungsverlauf, der mit der erfindungsgemäßen Bugform erzielt werden kann, ist Schema- tisch in Fig. 4 mit Hilfe einer Mehrzahl von Pfeilen 46 veranschaulicht. Im Zusammenspiel mit dem als liegender Keil 30 ausgbildeten Teilbereich 28 und den Seitenflächen der keilförmigen Führungselemente 24 erhält man durch die Ausbildung der bug- und heckseitigen Keilformen 26, 36 der Führungselemente 24 einen Strömungsverlauf, bei dem hinter den heckseitigen Keilformen 26 besonders viele Strömungslinien zusammenlaufen. Die Antriebspropeller 32 sind also genau dort angeordnet, wo besonders viele Strömungslinien zusammenlaufen. Neben dem besonders ruhigen Strömungsverhalten und der geringen Wellenbildung wird dadurch bei der Erfindung eine deutliche Verbesserung des Wirkungsgrads der Propulsionseinheiten 32 erreicht.The particularly advantageous flow course that can be achieved with the bow shape according to the invention is a schematic illustrated in Fig. 4 by means of a plurality of arrows 46. In conjunction with the formed as a lying wedge 30 portion 28 and the side surfaces of the wedge-shaped guide elements 24 is obtained by the formation of the bow and tail wedge shapes 26, 36 of the guide elements 24 a flow path in which converge behind the rear wedge shapes 26 particularly many flow lines. The drive propellers 32 are thus arranged exactly where particularly many flow lines converge. In addition to the particularly quiet flow behavior and the low wave formation, a significant improvement in the efficiency of the propulsion units 32 is thereby achieved in the invention.
Erfindungsgemäß wird ausgehend von der Bugform des Seeschlittens in Verbindung mit der vorderen Geometrie eines Semi-Katamarans die dargestellte Bugform in Verbindung mit azimutierenden, senkrecht stehenden Propellerantrieben realisiert. Auch bei sehr flachem Wasser wird bei der neuen Buggeometrie nur ein Teil des Wassers vor dem Schiff von dem Bug zur Seite verdrängt und der Rest wird durch den Bug unter das Schiff geführt bzw. den Frontantriebspropellern zugeführt.According to the present invention, the bow shape shown in connection with the front geometry of a semi-catamaran is realized in conjunction with azimutierenden, vertical propeller drives on the basis of the bow shape of the sea sledge. Even with very shallow water, only part of the water in front of the ship is displaced from the bow to the side in the new bow geometry and the rest is guided by the bow under the ship or supplied to the front-wheel drive propellers.
Der Bug besteht daher im Wesentlichen aus drei Keilen, jeweils einem Keil stehend außen, ähnlich der Vorschiffsgeometrie eines Katamarans (oder Semi-Katamarans) und in der Mitte dazwischen einem liegenden Keil, ähnlich der Bugform eines Seeschlittens.Therefore, the bow consists essentially of three wedges, each standing a wedge outside, similar to the bow geometry of a catamaran (or semi-catamaran) and in the middle between a lying wedge, similar to the bow shape of a sea sledge.
Die äußeren Bugteile, d.h. die Katamarankeile, verdrängen einen Teil des Wassers vor dem Schiff nach außen, während die liegende Keilform des Seeschlittens das Wasser zwischen den Katamaranrumpfteilen unter das Schiff und an die außen in den Katamaranrumpfteilen liegenden Propulsoren, die vorliegend als senkrecht angeordnete azimutierende Propeller ausgeführt sind, führt.The outer bow parts, ie the catamaran parts, displace part of the water in front of the ship to the outside, while the lying wedge shape of the sea sled the water between the catamaran fuselage parts under the ship and to the outside in the catamaran fuselages lying Propulsoren, which are in the present case designed as vertically arranged azimutierende propellers leads.
Die Propulsoren sind jeweils in einer Art Tunnel in den seitlichen Bugrümpfen so angeordnet, dass sie über mindes- o tens 180 geschwenkt werden können, also auch Schub zur Seite und nach vorne, z.B. zum Abbremsen des Schiffs, ausüben können. The propulsors are each arranged in a kind of tunnel in the lateral bumps so that they can be swiveled over at least 180, ie also thrust to the side and to the front, e.g. to decelerate the ship, exercise.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Wasserfahrzeug, insbesondere Binnenschiff, mit einem Rumpf (12) zur Aufnahme von Nutzeinrichtungen (14), wobei auf einer Unterseite (22) des Rumpfs (12) im Bugbereich (18) Führungselemente (24) vorgesehen sind, die jeweils eine stehende, sich nach vorne verjüngende Keilform aufweisen, und wobei zwischen den Führungselementen (24) ein Teilbereich (28) des Rumpfs (12) vorgesehen ist, der in Form eines liegenden Keils (30) ausgebildet ist, und mit Propulsionseinheiten (16), die am Rumpf (12) angeordnet sind, zur Bereitstellung einer Antriebskraft, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass die Propulsionseinheiten (16) im Bugbereich (18) zurückgesetzt zu den Führungselementen ( 24 ) angeordnet sind und dass die Propulsionseinheiten (16) schwenkbar angeordnet sind.1. Vessel, in particular barge, with a fuselage (12) for receiving use devices (14), wherein on an underside (22) of the fuselage (12) in the bow area (18) guide elements (24) are provided, each one standing, tapered wedge shape, and wherein between the guide elements (24) a portion (28) of the fuselage (12) is provided which is in the form of a horizontal wedge (30) and with propulsion units (16) attached to the fuselage (12) are arranged to provide a driving force, characterized in that the Propulsionseinheiten (16) in the bow region (18) are set back to the guide elements (24) and that the Propulsionseinheiten (16) are pivotally mounted.
2. Wasserfahrzeug nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass die Führungselemente (24) Steuer- und backbord- seitig vorgesehen sind.2. Vessel according to claim 1, characterized g e k e n n e c i n e s that the guide elements (24) are provided on the control and port side.
3. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass die Propulsionseinheiten (16) um eine vertikale Achse (40) schwenkbar angeordnet sind. 3. Vessel according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the propulsion units (16) are arranged pivotably about a vertical axis (40).
. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass die Propulsionseinheiten (16) als Antriebspropeller (38) ausgebildet sind., Watercraft according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the propulsion units (16) are designed as drive propellers (38).
5. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass der Teilbereich (28) im Wesentlichen die Bugform eines Seeschlittens aufweist.5. Vessel according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that there e e e n e c e s e s that the partial area (28) has substantially the bow shape of a sea sled.
6. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass mindestens eines der Führungselemente ( 24 ) sich nach hinten in Form eines stehenden heckseitigen Keils (36) ver üngt .6. A watercraft according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one of the guide elements (24) tapers towards the rear in the form of a standing rear wedge (36).
7. Wasserfahrzeug nach Anspruch 6, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass bei mindestens einem Führungselement (24) die heckseitige Keilform (36) stumpfer als die bugseitige Keilform (26) ausgebildet ist.7. A watercraft according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one guide element (24), the rear-side wedge shape (36) is formed blunter than the bow-side wedge shape (26).
8. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass die Führungselemente (24) Ausnehmungen (42) aufweisen, in denen die Propulsionseinheiten (16) angeordnet sind .8. Vessel according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it e e n e c e s e s that the guide elements (24) have recesses (42) in which the Propulsionseinheiten (16) are arranged.
9. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass im Heckbereich des Rumpfs (12) zusätzliche Propulsionseinheiten (16) vorgesehen sind. 9. Vessel according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that additional propulsion units (16) are provided in the rear region of the fuselage (12).
10. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass auch im Heckbereich des Rumpfs (12), insbesondere Steuer- und backbordseitig, Führungselemente mit stehender Keilform vorhanden sind, die sich nach hinten ver üngen.10. Vessel according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that there are e e e n e e c h e n e, that in the rear area of the fuselage (12), in particular control and port side, guide elements are provided with a standing wedge shape, the üngen backwards.
11. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass Abdeckeinrichtungen zum wenigstens teilweisen Abdecken der Ausnehmungen (42) vorgesehen sind.11. A watercraft according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that there are e e c e n e t e that cover means for at least partially covering the recesses (42) are provided.
12. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass der Rumpf (12), insbesondere die bugseitigen Führungselemente (24), zum Eisbrechen ausgebildet sind.12. Vessel according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that there are e e n e e c h e n e that the hull (12), in particular the bow-side guide elements (24), are designed for ice breaking.
13. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass eine Einrichtung zur Schmierung mit Luftblasen vorgesehen ist, insbesondere wie in DE 103 07 795 beschrieben.13. A watercraft according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a device for lubrication with air bubbles is provided, in particular as described in DE 103 07 795.
14. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass ein Anstellwinkel der Propulsionseinheiten (16) an eine Fahrtgeschwindigkeit anpassbar ist.14. A watercraft according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that a pitch angle of the propulsion units (16) is adaptable to a travel speed.
15. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass an den Führungselementen ( 24 )■ Wasserzufuhrschlitze (38) für die Propulsionseinheiten (16) vorgesehen sind, wobei die Wasserzufuhrschlitze (38) längs zur Fahrtrichtung angeordnet sind. 15. Vessel according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that there are provided on the guide elements (24) ■ water supply slots (38) for the Propulsionseinheiten (16), wherein the water supply slots (38) are arranged longitudinally to the direction of travel.
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RU2006107829A (en) 2007-10-27
CA2536665A1 (en) 2005-04-21
PL1663769T3 (en) 2007-07-31
HK1097813A1 (en) 2007-07-06
ES2281825T3 (en) 2007-10-01
DK1663769T3 (en) 2007-05-29
US20070032146A1 (en) 2007-02-08
EP1663769B1 (en) 2007-01-31
PT1663769E (en) 2007-04-30
ATE353075T1 (en) 2007-02-15
US7383782B2 (en) 2008-06-10
WO2005035353A1 (en) 2005-04-21
DE502004002840D1 (en) 2007-03-22
RU2322369C2 (en) 2008-04-20
CN100537345C (en) 2009-09-09
DE10343078B4 (en) 2005-08-18
CA2536665C (en) 2009-01-27
DE10343078A1 (en) 2005-04-14
CN1852829A (en) 2006-10-25

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