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EP1656485B1 - Elément de transfert de force - Google Patents

Elément de transfert de force Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1656485B1
EP1656485B1 EP04801930.1A EP04801930A EP1656485B1 EP 1656485 B1 EP1656485 B1 EP 1656485B1 EP 04801930 A EP04801930 A EP 04801930A EP 1656485 B1 EP1656485 B1 EP 1656485B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
extension element
shaped
composite material
anchor
clamping
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04801930.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1656485A1 (fr
Inventor
Christoph Rüegg
Reto Clenin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sika Technology AG
Original Assignee
Sika Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sika Technology AG filed Critical Sika Technology AG
Priority to EP04801930.1A priority Critical patent/EP1656485B1/fr
Publication of EP1656485A1 publication Critical patent/EP1656485A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1656485B1 publication Critical patent/EP1656485B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for increasing the tensile load of a strip-shaped material.
  • lamellae made of composite materials have been used in addition to steel lamellae for several years. These composites are glued to the support structure, either limply without longitudinal prestressing or prestressed via end anchors.
  • end anchors are known and various fastening methods for transmitting force from a force introduction element to the composite material are already introduced in the market.
  • the transmissible forces are smaller than the tensile strength of the composite, which has the disadvantage that the tensile potential of the vertential
  • the composite material can only be exploited to a limited extent, which leads to uneconomic solutions.
  • the tensile forces occurring during the pretensioning are transferred via frictional forces by clamping or gluing from a tensioning anchor to the composite material.
  • the main problem with the force applications available today is that stress peaks occur at the transition from the composite material to the tension anchor.
  • the maximum transferable tensile load is reached when the thrust in the stress peaks reaches the maximum transferable static friction, respectively the maximum transferable adhesive strength.
  • the band-shaped material is stretched over the clamping anchor to the preload load. This creates voltage spikes at the transition from the strip-shaped material to the clamping anchor.
  • an extension element with the band-shaped material in a tensioned state with an adhesive or mechanically connected.
  • the bond between the agent and the composite is de-energized at this time.
  • the resulting additional stresses are mainly transferred via the upstream means directly into the support structure and not or only slightly in the tension anchor. The result is an increase in the overall load while maintaining the required safety factor.
  • the clamping anchor can also be referred to as a clamping head and can be designed essentially as desired.
  • this clamping anchor consists of two pressure plates and at least one guided by the composite tension element, eg bolts.
  • the composite material is supported with two pressure plates by means of uniformly distributed pressure elements or by means of acting on the entire pressure surface hydraulic pressure chamber supported against a bow-shaped yoke.
  • clamping wedges are used, which are pressed by elliptical ring hoop to the composite material.
  • the inventive solution can be used for any existing on the market tension anchor.
  • This means for reducing stress peaks at the transition to the clamping anchor can be an extension element which is mechanically anchored and / or glued to the composite material and tensile strength to the clamping anchor or the cross-beam.
  • the cross-beam is connected in the second process step by injecting an adhesive to the composite material.
  • FIG. 1 a force introduction element 1 comprising a conventionally known clamping anchor 20 and an extension element 4 shown after a clamping process.
  • the clamping anchor 20 is as known from the prior art on a band-shaped material 5, in particular composite material, hereinafter referred to only lamella attached, be it by gluing, clamping, etc.
  • the clamping process can be done first with a tensile force in the pulling direction 11, wherein the tensioning press is temporarily arranged on the tensioning anchor 20.
  • the clamping anchor 20 is held, for example by means of threaded rods in an anchoring tube or shear pin, not shown, which is fixed in a borehole in a support structure 10.
  • adhesive 6 is applied to the band-shaped composite material 5 and to the adjacent region of the tensioning anchor 20.
  • the adhesive is especially pasty to facilitate processing.
  • the extension element 4 is placed on the lying on the band-shaped composite material 5 adhesive mass 6 and glued to the clamping anchor 20.
  • the extension element 4 must be connected to the tension anchor 20 tensile.
  • the shape of the extension element 4 depends on the choice of material of the extension element 4 and the thickness of the composite material 5 and is chosen, inter alia, that the extension element 4 tapers toward the composite material 5 back away from the clamping anchor.
  • the extension element 4 can take any shape, but preferably have a tongue or wedge-shaped configuration in order to optimally reduce the voltage peaks. Also in the extension element 4 in the pulling direction 11 a few centimeters long ribs and folds can be introduced in order to ensure optimum bonding and optimal stress relief.
  • the extension element 4 preferably has a length, in each case on the top and bottom of the band-shaped composite material 5, of 100 mm, in particular 50 mm. In the middle of the extension element, this preferably has a thickness of not more than 10 mm, in particular not more than 5 mm.
  • the extension element 4 and the clamping anchor 20 is preferably made of metallic, ductile materials, in particular of aluminum, steel or titanium.
  • the adhesive 6, e.g. a 2-component adhesive based on epoxy resins, must have good adhesion not only to the composite material 5 but also to the extension element 4 and should have high strength.
  • the composite material 5 may be configured in the form of a lamella consisting of fibers and a synthetic resin.
  • the fibers may be unidirectional in one direction, or additionally fibers in other directions, in particular an angle plus 45 ° and minus 45 °, may be constructed to the unidirectional main fiber direction.
  • the fibers may preferably be of aramid, carbon, glass, etc. embedded in a synthetic resin.
  • the synthetic resin may be a duromer such as epoxy, acrylates or a thermoplastic material such as polyamide, epoxy, acrylates.
  • the surface of the composite material 5 is preferably specially embossed, for example, roughened by grinding or pretreated with an adhesive or treated with a pretreatment system, such as primers, plasma, etc.
  • FIG. 2 is a further non-inventive embodiment of a force introduction element 1 is shown.
  • the force introduction element 1 consists of plates 12, which form the clamping anchor 20 and of tongue-shaped extensions 15 with recesses 14, which form the extension element 4.
  • the plates 12 are connected to the blade 5 as known in the art.
  • adhesive 6 is applied to the band-shaped composite material 5 in the region of the tongue-shaped extensions 15.
  • the adhesive should have a consistency such that it can be introduced into the recesses 14 formed by the tongue-shaped extensions.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B is a force introduction element 1 shown in a further embodiment.
  • the clamping process can also be done here first with a tensile press, which is temporarily arranged on the clamping anchor 20. Then the tensile load of the composite material 5 is taken over by a cross-beam 2. Threaded rods 9 are attached laterally to the clamping anchor 20, these threaded rods 9 passing through the transverse cross-member 2 of the clamping anchor 20.
  • the clamping anchor 20 is held via the transverse cross member 2 and the threaded rod 9 in an anchoring tube or shear pin, not shown, which is fastened in a borehole in a support structure 10. By turning a threaded screw 8 of the threaded rod 9, the tension of the composite material 5 can be increased.
  • Adhesive 6 is applied to the band-shaped composite material 5 after the clamping process of the force introduction element 1 in the pulling direction 11 in a second step on and in front of the transverse cross member 2 with respect to the clamping anchor 20.
  • the adhesive is particularly pasty to facilitate processing.
  • An extension element 4 is placed on the lying on the band-shaped composite material 5 adhesive mass 6 and glued to the cross-beam 2 of the clamping anchor 20 and preferably mechanically through lateral sliding of the extension element 4 anchored in the cross-beam 2. For this purpose, the cross-Traverse on clamp-like extensions.
  • the extension element 4 is characterized tensile strength connected to the cross-beam 2.
  • the shape of the extension element 4 is also here as in all examples after the choice of material of the extension element 4 and the thickness of the composite material 5 and is chosen, inter alia, that the extension element 4 tapers toward the composite material 5 back from the cross-Traverse.
  • the extension element 4 can take any shape, but preferably have a tongue or wedge-shaped configuration in order to optimally reduce the voltage peaks. Also, a few centimeters long ribs and folds 13 can be introduced into the extension element 4 in the pulling direction 11, in order to ensure optimum bonding and optimal stress relief.
  • FIG. 3C shows the force introduction system 1, in which carried out after the clamping process, a bond 6 between the cross-beam 2 and the composite material 5 and the extension member 4 is attached.
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B show that after the clamping process of a force introduction element 1 in the pulling direction 11 in a second step, the transverse cross member 2 is connected to the composite material 5 by injecting an adhesive 6, the transverse cross member 2 thus assumes the function of the extension element 4.
  • Traverse 2 is glued to the composite material 5 in a second step, the voltage peaks at the occurrence of an operating load both at the location of the transverse cross member 2 and the composite material 5 and at the location of the cross-beam 2 and the force application element 1 are highest and decrease in the pulling direction 11.
  • the extension element 4 is placed on the adhesive mass 6 on the band-shaped composite material 5 and glued to the cross-beam 2 of the force introduction element 1 and fixed with at least one screw 7.
  • the extension element 4 has an extension with holes through which the screws can be guided and connected to the transverse cross member.
  • the extension element 4 is specially shaped on the lower side toward the composite material 5 in order to guarantee a good bond and thus a high stress load in the pulling direction 11.
  • the extension element 4 is also here on the adhesive 6, which was applied to the band-shaped composite material 5, placed and also adhered to the cross-member 2 of the force introduction element 1.
  • the lower side of the extension element 4 toward the composite material 5 is, for example, according to FIG Fig. 6A wedge-shaped, according to Fig. 6C zigzag or according to Fig. 6D wavy. In the area of the taper, it may be necessary to dispense with a special shape due to the small thickness of the extension element. These above-described shapes can also be applied to the cross-beam 2.
  • the extension element 4 can take on any shape per se, but preferred are such configurations as tongue, wedge-shaped or hyperbolic, which optimally reduce the voltage spikes. It has been shown that in particular extension elements which have a wedge-shaped or hyperbolic taper fulfill this function optimally.
  • the hyperbolic taper should preferably be designed so that the extension element at half the distance / length of the extension element has a maximum thickness of 10 mm, preferably less than 5 mm.
  • the hyperbolic shape can also be executed differently and must be adapted to the expected tension conditions.
  • extension elements 4 are arbitrary per se and there are also combinations or other embodiments of the in the Fig. 6 shown embodiments possible.
  • extension element In addition to the band-shaped composite materials shown here, of course, with the extension element and other band-shaped materials and slats which are used for reinforcing support structures can be equipped with the extension element and thus the carrying capacity can be increased.
  • extension element 4 can also already be connected to the clamping anchor 20, or be connected by gluing or mechanical means to the clamping anchor 20 and / or the band-shaped material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Procédé pour augmenter la charge de traction d'un matériau en forme de bande (5), en particulier d'un matériau composite, dans lequel on précontraint le matériau en forme de bande (5) au moyen d'un ancrage de serrage (20), dans lequel, après l'opération de serrage, on relie au matériau composite (5) et à l'ancrage de serrage (20), dans la zone de transition de l'ancrage de serrage (20) au matériau en forme de bande (5), un élément de prolongement (4) destiné à empêcher des pointes de contraintes supplémentaires lors de sollicitations du matériau (5) au-delà de la charge de précontrainte, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de prolongement (4) est relié directement à l'ancrage de serrage (20) et/ou à une traverse transversale (2) de l'ancrage de serrage (20) de façon mécanique et/ou avec une colle (6).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on relie l'élément de prolongement (4) au matériau composite (5) de façon mécanique et/ou avec une colle (6).
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de prolongement (4) possède une forme hyperbolique, en forme de languette ou en forme de coin et s'amincit vers le matériau composite (5) en direction du milieu du matériau (5).
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de prolongement (4) se compose d'un matériau ductile, en particulier d'aluminium, d'acier ou de titane.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le côté de l'élément de prolongement (4) opposé au matériau composite (5) possède une surface agrandie et structurée et est réalisé en particulier en forme de coin, de zigzag ou d'ondulations.
EP04801930.1A 2003-08-13 2004-08-13 Elément de transfert de force Expired - Lifetime EP1656485B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04801930.1A EP1656485B1 (fr) 2003-08-13 2004-08-13 Elément de transfert de force

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03018364A EP1507050A1 (fr) 2003-08-13 2003-08-13 Elément de transfert de force
EP04801930.1A EP1656485B1 (fr) 2003-08-13 2004-08-13 Elément de transfert de force
PCT/EP2004/051792 WO2005021894A1 (fr) 2003-08-13 2004-08-13 Element inducteur de force, element de prolongation et procede d'augmentation de la charge de traction d'un matiere en forme de bande

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1656485A1 EP1656485A1 (fr) 2006-05-17
EP1656485B1 true EP1656485B1 (fr) 2017-07-26

Family

ID=33560786

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03018364A Withdrawn EP1507050A1 (fr) 2003-08-13 2003-08-13 Elément de transfert de force
EP04801930.1A Expired - Lifetime EP1656485B1 (fr) 2003-08-13 2004-08-13 Elément de transfert de force

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03018364A Withdrawn EP1507050A1 (fr) 2003-08-13 2003-08-13 Elément de transfert de force

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8881493B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP1507050A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1836079A (fr)
WO (1) WO2005021894A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2420622A1 (fr) * 2010-08-18 2012-02-22 Sika Technology AG Dispositif d'introduction de force dans des éléments de traction à partir de lamelles de bandes plates en matière synthétique renforcées en fibres
EP2631392A1 (fr) * 2012-02-21 2013-08-28 Sika Technology AG Dispositif d'introduction de force dans des éléments de traction à partir de lamelles de bandes plates en matière synthétique renforcées en fibres
TWI560533B (en) * 2015-03-31 2016-12-01 Aeon Matrix Inc Controlling system, controlling device, setting method and non-transitory computer readable storage medium
EP3690167A1 (fr) * 2019-02-01 2020-08-05 S & P Clever Reinforcement Company AG Procédé de renforcement de structures en béton ou en bois à l'aide de bandes en cfrp et structures en béton ou en bois renforcées par ce procédé

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3696573A (en) * 1968-11-25 1972-10-10 Holzmann Philipp Ag Pressure container prestressed concrete or the like
US6385940B1 (en) * 1997-09-24 2002-05-14 Leonhardt, Andra Und Partner Beratende Ingenieure Gmbh Method and apparatus for strengthening/restoring a reinforced/prestressed concrete structure

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US2737802A (en) * 1949-10-25 1956-03-13 Bakker Johannes Composite prestressing reinforcement
CH618491A5 (fr) * 1977-02-11 1980-07-31 Losinger Ag
AT390100B (de) * 1985-03-05 1990-03-12 Vorspann Technik Gmbh Verankerung fuer spannglieder
FR2590608B1 (fr) * 1985-11-26 1989-05-05 Freyssinet Int Stup Perfectionnements aux dispositifs de precontrainte ou analogues comportant des tirants.
FR2628777B1 (fr) * 1988-03-18 1990-08-17 Vsl France Dispositif d'ancrage de cables precontraints pour ouvrages du type maconnerie
JP2759217B2 (ja) * 1989-04-04 1998-05-28 東急建設式会社 炭素繊維強化プラスチック材の引張力の導入方法
JP2824911B2 (ja) * 1989-04-13 1998-11-18 東急建設株式会社 炭素繊維強化プラスチック平面板の定着方法
JPH04285247A (ja) * 1991-03-15 1992-10-09 Shimizu Corp プレストレス導入部材およびプレストレス導入方法
JP3038665B2 (ja) * 1991-10-15 2000-05-08 清水建設株式会社 緊張材用定着具およびプレストレス導入方法
MX9200051A (es) * 1992-01-07 1993-07-01 Jose Luis Siller Franco Concector por friccion mejorado para anclar acero de refuerzo a tension en elementos de concreto preesforzado o reforzado.
ES2122696T3 (es) 1995-01-09 1998-12-16 Empa Sujecion de laminas de refuerzo.
DE19702246A1 (de) * 1997-01-23 1998-07-30 Sika Ag Flachband-Lamelle und deren Verwendung zur Verstärkung von Bauwerkteilen
JP4202596B2 (ja) * 1997-08-26 2008-12-24 シーカ・シュヴァイツ・アーゲー 支持構造物の補強装置
DE19753318A1 (de) * 1997-12-02 1999-06-10 Sika Ag Verstärkungselement für lastaufnehmende oder lastübertragende Bauteile sowie Verfahren zu dessen Befestigung an einer Bauteiloberfläche
DE19849605A1 (de) * 1998-10-28 2000-05-04 Goehler Andrae Und Partner Ber Spannvorrichtung für ein bandförmiges Zugglied
CH693616A5 (de) * 1999-09-15 2003-11-14 Empa Verankerungssystem zur Aufnahme der Zugkräfte von kohlefaserverstärkten Zugbändern (CFK-Bändern).
DE10129216C1 (de) * 2001-06-19 2003-05-15 Leonhardt Andrae Und Partner B Spannanker für bandförmige Zugglieder im Bauwesen
ITPR20010004U1 (it) 2001-06-20 2002-12-20 Vetroarredo Spa Mattone in vetro.
EP1331327A1 (fr) * 2002-01-29 2003-07-30 Sika Schweiz AG Dispositif de renforcement
DE10249266B3 (de) * 2002-10-23 2004-04-08 Leonhardt, Andrä und Partner Beratende Ingenieure VBI GmbH Spannvorrichtung für bandförmige Zugglieder

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3696573A (en) * 1968-11-25 1972-10-10 Holzmann Philipp Ag Pressure container prestressed concrete or the like
US6385940B1 (en) * 1997-09-24 2002-05-14 Leonhardt, Andra Und Partner Beratende Ingenieure Gmbh Method and apparatus for strengthening/restoring a reinforced/prestressed concrete structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20090031667A1 (en) 2009-02-05
US8881493B2 (en) 2014-11-11
WO2005021894A1 (fr) 2005-03-10
EP1507050A1 (fr) 2005-02-16
CN1836079A (zh) 2006-09-20
EP1656485A1 (fr) 2006-05-17

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