EP1240289A1 - Feste waschmittel - Google Patents
Feste waschmittelInfo
- Publication number
- EP1240289A1 EP1240289A1 EP00990770A EP00990770A EP1240289A1 EP 1240289 A1 EP1240289 A1 EP 1240289A1 EP 00990770 A EP00990770 A EP 00990770A EP 00990770 A EP00990770 A EP 00990770A EP 1240289 A1 EP1240289 A1 EP 1240289A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- alcohol
- alkyl
- contain
- carbon atoms
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000013042 solid detergent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- -1 nonionic Chemical group 0.000 claims description 112
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 48
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 36
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004064 cosurfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CN1 MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 80
- 229920002245 Dextrose equivalent Polymers 0.000 description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 36
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 29
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 25
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 25
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 24
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 22
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 22
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 22
- JXNPEDYJTDQORS-HZJYTTRNSA-N (9Z,12Z)-octadecadien-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCCO JXNPEDYJTDQORS-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 20
- JXNPEDYJTDQORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N linoleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCCO JXNPEDYJTDQORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 18
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 16
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 16
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 15
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N elaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 235000019809 paraffin wax Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 13
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 11
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 11
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 10
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 9
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 9
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 9
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 8
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 8
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 description 7
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-4,5,6-trimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)[C@@H](COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)O[C@@H]2COC)OC)O[C@@H]1COC LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WNWHHMBRJJOGFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO WNWHHMBRJJOGFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 6
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 108010084185 Cellulases Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 102000005575 Cellulases Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 239000004367 Lipase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 6
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 6
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Brassidinsaeure Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 description 5
- URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erucic acid Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 5
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000019419 proteases Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CFOQKXQWGLAKSK-KTKRTIGZSA-N (13Z)-docosen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCCO CFOQKXQWGLAKSK-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CFOQKXQWGLAKSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-docosen-1-ol Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCCO CFOQKXQWGLAKSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 102000004157 Hydrolases Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108090000604 Hydrolases Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 229920001479 Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004435 Oxo alcohol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 description 4
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229960000735 docosanol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 125000003827 glycol group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
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- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229940043348 myristyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-MDZDMXLPSA-N oleyl alcohol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 4
- CNVZJPUDSLNTQU-SEYXRHQNSA-N petroselinic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCC(O)=O CNVZJPUDSLNTQU-SEYXRHQNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PATMLLNMTPIUSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxysulfonyl 7-methyloctanoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCC(=O)OS(=O)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 PATMLLNMTPIUSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229940067107 phenylethyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003022 phthalic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- WSHYKIAQCMIPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2-oxo-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)chromen-4-olate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=1C2=CC=CC=C2OC(=O)C=1C(CC(=O)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 WSHYKIAQCMIPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium formate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C=O HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012418 sodium perborate tetrahydrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- IBDSNZLUHYKHQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;3-oxidodioxaborirane;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Na+].[O-]B1OO1 IBDSNZLUHYKHQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthalaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005207 tetraalkylammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OQNGNXKLDCKIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl benzenesulfonate Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OQNGNXKLDCKIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolylenediamine group Chemical group CC1=C(C=C(C=C1)N)N VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBDUMNZXAIUUTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-2-tetradecene Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC=CC OBDUMNZXAIUUTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBNWAMSGVWEHFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-p-Menthane-1,8-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C1CCC(C)(O)CC1 RBNWAMSGVWEHFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O triethanolammonium Chemical class OCC[NH+](CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 229940057402 undecyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010679 vetiver oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZFNVDHOSLNRHNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N xi-3-(4-Isopropylphenyl)-2-methylpropanal Chemical compound O=CC(C)CC1=CC=C(C(C)C)C=C1 ZFNVDHOSLNRHNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
- C11D1/721—End blocked ethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/06—Powder; Flakes; Free-flowing mixtures; Sheets
Definitions
- Modern detergents which are commercially available in the form of conventional powders or granules, usually contain combinations of anionic and nonionic surfactants in order to guarantee a high washing performance even against the most varied stains.
- Addition products of alkylene oxides with primary alcohols are generally used as nonionic surfactants, which, although they have excellent cleaning properties, are generally in the form of liquids even in the anhydrous state and are therefore sometimes difficult to incorporate into solid preparations.
- these alcohol polyglycol ethers separate (“bleed out”) during storage, soften the cardboard box and at the same time partially deactivate defoamers contained in the mixture.
- alcohol polyglycol ethers have a tendency to form gel phases, which is often the case inadequate wetting and unfavorable dissolving power of the detergents containing them.
- the object of the present invention was to provide new solid detergents with the use of nonionic surfactants which reliably avoid the disadvantages of the prior art, ie are sufficiently stable during storage, do not gel and have an advantageously high dissolution rate.
- the invention relates to detergents which are distinguished by the fact that they contain nonionic surfactants of the hydroxy mixed ether type.
- detergents of the type claimed have a significantly higher dissolution rate, are easier to defoam and neither gel nor show any bleeding of the nonionic surfactant component.
- Hydroxy mixed ethers are known nonionic surfactants with an asymmetrical ether structure and polyalkylene glycol components, which can be obtained, for example, by subjecting olefin epoxides to fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers to a ring-opening reaction.
- HME Hydroxy mixed ethers
- Corresponding products and their use in the field of cleaning hard surfaces is, for example, the subject of the European patent EP-B1 0693049 and the international patent application WO 94/22800 (Olin) and the documents mentioned therein.
- hydroxy mixed ethers of the general formula (I) are known nonionic surfactants with an asymmetrical ether structure and polyalkylene glycol components, which can be obtained, for example, by subjecting olefin epoxides to fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers to a ring-opening reaction.
- Corresponding products and their use in the field of cleaning hard surfaces is, for example, the subject of the European
- R 1 represents a linear or branched alkyl radical having 2 to 18, preferably 10 to 16 carbon atoms
- R 2 represents hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl radical having 2 to 18 carbon atoms
- R 3 represents hydrogen or methyl
- R 4 represents a linear or branched, alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 6 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms and n being numbers from 1 to 50, preferably 2 to 25 and in particular 5 to 15, with the proviso that the sum of the carbon atoms in the radicals R 1 and R 2 is at least 4 and preferably 12 to 18.
- the HME ring opening products can be either internal olefins (R 2 not equal to hydrogen) or terminal olefins (R 2 not equal to hydrogen), the latter being preferred in view of the easier preparation and the more advantageous application properties.
- the polar part of the molecule can be a polyethylene glycol or a polypropylene glycol chain; Mixed chains of PE and PP units, whether in statistical or block distribution, are also suitable.
- Typical examples are ring opening products of 1, 2-hexenepoxide, 2,3-hexenepoxide, 1, 2-octene epoxide, 2,3-octene epoxide, 3,4-octene epoxide, 1, 2-decene epoxide, 2,3-decene epoxide, 3 , 4-decene epoxide, 4,5-decene epoxide, 1, 2-dodecene epoxide, 2,3-dodecene epoxide, 3,4-dodecene epoxide, 4,5-dodecene epoxide, 5,6-dodecene epoxide, 1, 2-tetradecene epoxide, 2 , 3-Tetradecenepoxid, 3,4-Tetradecenepoxid, 4,5-Tetradecenepoxid, 5,6-Tetradecene
- the hydroxy mixed ethers are used with further anionic, nonionic, cationic, amphoteric and / or zwitterionic co-surfactants.
- anionic surfactants or combinations of anionic and nonionic surfactants are particularly preferred.
- anionic surfactants are soaps, alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkane sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, alkyl ether sulfonates, glycerol ether sulfonates, ⁇ -methyl ester sulfonates, sulfo fatty acids, alkyl sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, glycerol ether sulfates, hydroxymidyl ether ether sulfates, mono- and dialkylsulfosuccinates, mono- and dialkylsulfosuccinamates, sulfotriglycerides, amide soaps, ether carboxylic acids and their salts, fatty acid isethionates, fatty acid sarcosinates, fatty acid taurides, N-acylamino acids such as, for example, acyllactylate, acyl
- anionic surfactants contain polyglycol ether chains, they can have a conventional, but preferably a narrow, homolog distribution.
- Alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, soaps, alkane sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, methyl ester sulfonates and mixtures thereof are preferably used.
- Preferred alkylbenzenesulfonates preferably follow the formula (II)
- R 5 represents a branched, but preferably linear alkyl radical having 10 to 18 carbon atoms
- Ph a phenyl radical
- X an alkali and / or alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium or glucammonium.
- dodecylbenzenesulfonates, tetradecylbenzenesulfonates, hexadecylbenzenesulfonates and their technical mixtures in the form of the sodium salts are particularly suitable.
- Alkyl and / or alkenyl sulfates which are also frequently referred to as fatty alcohol sulfates, are to be understood as meaning the sulfation products of primary and / or secondary alcohols, which preferably follow the formula (III)
- R 6 represents a linear or branched, aliphatic alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 6 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms and X represents an alkali and / or alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium or glucammonium.
- alkyl sulfates which can be used in the context of the invention are the sulfation products of capron alcohol, caprylic alcohol, capric alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, arylselyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol and erucyl alcohol and their technical mixtures, which are obtained by high pressure hydrogenation of technical methyl ester fractions or aldehydes from Roelen's oxosynthesis.
- the sulfation products can preferably be used in the form of their alkali metal salts and in particular their sodium salts.
- Alkyl sulfates based on Ci6 / 18 tallow fatty alcohols or vegetable fatty alcohols of comparable carbon chain distribution in the form of their sodium salts are particularly preferred.
- these are oxo alcohols, as are obtainable, for example, by converting carbon monoxide and hydrogen to alpha-olefins using the shop method.
- Such alcohol mixtures are commercially available under the trade names Dobanol® or Neodol®. Suitable alcohol mixtures are Dobanol 91®, 23®, 25®, 45®.
- oxo alcohols such as those obtained after the classic Enichema or Condea oxo process by adding carbon monoxide and hydrogen to olefins.
- These alcohol mixtures are a mixture of strongly branched alcohols.
- Such alcohol mixtures are commercially available under the trade name Lial®.
- Suitable alcohol mixtures are Lial 91®, 111®, 123®, 125®, 145®.
- soaps are to be understood as meaning fatty acid salts of the formula (IV)
- Typical examples are the sodium, potassium, magnesium, ammonium and triethanolammonium salts of caproic acid, caprylic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, isotridecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmoleic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petalselic acid, elaidic acid, elaidic acid, Linoleic acid, linolenic acid, elaleostearic acid, arachic acid, gadoleic acid, behenic acid and erucic acid and their technical mixtures.
- coconut or palm kernel fatty acid is preferably used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts.
- nonionic surfactants are fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, fatty acid polyglycol esters, fatty acid amide polyglycol ethers, fatty amine polyglycol ethers, alkoxylated thglycerides, alk (en) yl oligoglycosides, fatty acid N-alkyl glucamides, protein hydrolysate, sorbates, and vegetable hydrolysate (especially vegetable sugar ester based), in particular vegetable polyol ester, (s), vegetable ester esters, (especially vegetable polyol ester), sugar-based polyol ester, (especially vegetable polyol ester), sugar-based polyol esters, especially vegetable-based polyol ester, sugar-based polyol ester, especially vegetable-based polyol ester; amine oxides.
- nonionic surfactants contain polyglycol ether chains, they can have a conventional, but preferably a narrow, homolog distribution.
- Fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, alkoxylated fatty acid lower alkyl esters or alkyl oligoglucosides are preferably used.
- R 8 represents a linear or branched alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 6 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms
- R 9 represents hydrogen or methyl
- n1 represents numbers from 1 to 20.
- Typical examples are the addition products of an average of 1 to 20 and preferably 5 to 10 moles of ethylene and / or propylene oxide with capron alcohol, caprylic alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostyl alcohol , Elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, linolyl alcohol, linolenyl alcohol, elaeostearyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol and brassidyl alcohol and their technical mixtures. Addition products of 3, 5 or 7 moles of
- Suitable alkoxylated fatty acid lower alkyl esters are surfactants of the formula (VI)
- Typical examples are the formal insert products of an average of 1 to 20 and preferably 5 to 10 moles of ethylene and / or propylene oxide in the methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl and tert-butyl esters of caproic acid, Ca.
- Alkyl and alkenyl oligoglycosides which are also preferred nonionic surfactants, usually follow the formula (VII),
- R 13 represents an alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 4 to 22 carbon atoms
- G represents a sugar radical having 5 or 6 carbon atoms
- p represents numbers from 1 to 10. They can be obtained according to the relevant procedures in preparative organic chemistry.
- the alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides can be derived from aldoses or ketoses with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably glucose.
- the preferred alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides are thus alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglucosides.
- alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides whose degree of oligomerization is less than 1.7 and in particular between 1.2 and 1.4.
- the alkyl or alkenyl radical R 13 can be derived from primary alcohols having 4 to 11, preferably 8 to 10, carbon atoms. Typical examples are butanol, capronalcohol, caprylic alcohol, capric alcohol and undecyl alcohol and their technical mixtures, such as are obtained, for example, in the hydrogenation of technical fatty acid methyl esters or in the course of the hydrogenation of aldehydes from Roelen's oxosynthesis.
- the alkyl or alkenyl radical R 13 can also be derived from primary alcohols having 12 to 22, preferably 12 to 14, carbon atoms.
- Typical examples are lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol, brassidyl alcohol and the technical mixtures described above.
- Alkyl oligoglucosides based on hardened C 12/14 coconut alcohol with a DP of 1 to 3 are preferred.
- cationic surfactants are, in particular, tetraalkylammonium compounds, such as, for example, dimethyldistearylammonium chloride or hydroxyethyl hydroxycetyldimmonium chloride (Dehyquart E) or esterquats. These are, for example, quaternized fatty acid triethanolamine ester salts of the formula (VIII),
- R 14 CO for an acyl radical with 6 to 22 carbon atoms
- R 15 and R 16 independently of one another for hydrogen or R 14 CO
- m1, m2 and m3 in total stands for 0 or numbers from 1 to 12
- ester quats which can be used in the context of the invention are products based on caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, isostearic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, arachic acid, behenic acid and erucic acid and their technical mixtures , as they occur, for example, in the pressure splitting of natural fats and oils.
- Fatty acid cuts are preferably used.
- the fatty acids and the triethanolamine can be used in a molar ratio of 1.1: 1 to 3: 1 to produce the quaternized esters.
- an application ratio of 1.2: 1 to 2.2: 1, preferably 1.5: 1 to 1.9: 1 has proven to be particularly advantageous.
- the preferred esterquats are technical mixtures of mono-, di- and triesters with an average degree of esterification of 1.5 to 1.9 and are derived from technical C.6 / 18 tallow or palm fatty acid (iodine number 0 to 40) , From an application point of view, quaternized fatty acid triethanolamine ester salts of the formula (VIII) have proven to be particularly advantageous in which R 14 CO for an acyl radical with 16 to 18 carbon atoms, R 15 for R 15 CO, R 16 for hydrogen, R 17 for a methyl group, m1, m2 and m3 for 0 and Y for methyl sulfate.
- quaternized ester salts of fatty acids with diethanolalkylamines of the formula (IX) are also suitable as esterquats.
- R 18 CO for an acyl radical with 6 to 22 carbon atoms
- R 19 for hydrogen or R 1 ⁇ CO
- R 20 and R 21 independently of one another for alkyl radicals with 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- m5 and m6 in total for 0 or numbers from 1 to 12 and Y again represents halide, alkyl sulfate or alkyl phosphate.
- ester quats are the quaternized ester salts of fatty acids with 1,2-dihydroxypropyl dialkylamines of the formula (X)
- R 22 CO for an acyl radical with 6 to 22 carbon atoms
- R 23 for hydrogen or R 22 CO
- R 24 , R 25 and R 26 independently of one another for alkyl radicals with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, m7 and m8 in total for 0 or numbers from 1 to 12
- X again represents halide, alkyl sulfate or alkyl phosphate.
- esterquats are substances in which the ester bond is replaced by an amide bond and which preferably follow the formula (XI) based on diethylenetriamine,
- R 2 CO is an acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms
- R 28 is hydrogen or R 2 CO
- R 29 and R 30 are independently alkyl radicals having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- _Y_ is again halide, alkyl sulfate or alkyl phosphate.
- amide ester quats are available on the market, for example, under the Incroquat® (Croda) brand.
- suitable amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants are alkyl betaines, alkyl amidobetaines, aminopropionates, aminoglycinates, imidazolinium betaines and sulfobetaines.
- suitable alkyl betaines are the carboxyalkylation products of secondary and in particular tertiary amines which follow the formula (XII)
- R 31 for alkyl and / or alkenyl radicals with 6 to 22 carbon atoms
- R 32 for hydrogen or alkyl radicals with 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- R 33 for alkyl radicals with 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- q1 for numbers from 1 to 6 and Z for is an alkali and / or alkaline earth metal or ammonium.
- Typical examples are the carboxymethylation products of hexylmethylamine, hexyldimethylamine, octyldimethylamine, Removal cyldimethylamin, dodecylmethylamine, dodecyldimethylamine, Dodecylethyimethylamin, C. ⁇ -Kokosal- kyldimethylamin, cetyldimethylamine, stearyldimethylamine amine myristyldimethylamine, Stearylethylmethyl-, oleyldimethylamine, Ci6 / 18 tallow alkyl dimethyl amine, and their technical mixtures.
- R 34 CO for an aliphatic acyl radical with 6 to 22 carbon atoms and 0 or 1 to 3 double bonds
- R 35 for hydrogen or alkyl radicals with 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- R 36 for alkyl radicals with 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- q2 for numbers from 1 to 6
- q3 for numbers from 1 to 3 and Z again represents an alkali and / or alkaline earth metal or ammonium.
- Typical examples are reaction products of fatty acids with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, namely caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmoleic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petroselinic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, elaeostearic acid, gynolic acid, arachenic acid, arachinic acid and erucic acid and their technical mixtures, with N, N-dimethylaminoethylamine, N, N-dimethylaminopropylamine, N, N-diethylaminoethylamine and N, N-diethylaminopropylamine, which are condensed with sodium chloroacetate.
- condensation product of C8 / i8 coconut fatty acid N, N-dimethylaminopropylamide with sodium chloroacetate is preferred.
- Imidazolinium betaines are also suitable. These substances are also known substances which can be obtained, for example, by cyclizing condensation of 1 or 2 moles of fatty acid with polyhydric amines such as, for example, aminoethylethanolamine (AEEA) or diethylene triamine.
- AEEA aminoethylethanolamine
- the corresponding carboxyalkylation products are mixtures of different open-chain betaines.
- Typical examples are condensation products of the abovementioned fatty acids with AEEA, preferably imidazolines based on lauric acid or again Ci2 / i4 coconut fatty acid, which are subsequently betainized with sodium chloroacetate.
- the detergents according to the invention can contain the co-surfactants in amounts of 0.1 to 20, preferably 1 to 15 and in particular 5 to 10% by weight, the weight ratio between hydroxy mixed ethers and co-surfactants in the range from 10:90 to 90:10, preferably 25:75 to 75:25 and in particular 40:60 to 60:40.
- the invention further relates to the use of nonionic surfactants of the hydroxy mixed ether type for the production of solid detergents, preferably those which are in the form of powders, granules, agglomerates or extrudates, in which they are present in amounts of 0, based on the composition , 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 15 and in particular 5 to 10 wt .-% can be contained.
- the detergents according to the invention can furthermore contain additional inorganic and organic builder substances, for example in amounts of 10 to 50 and preferably 15 to 35% by weight, based on the detergent, zeolites being mainly crystalline phyllosilicates, amorphous silicates and - as far as permissible - as inorganic builder substances - Also phosphates, such as Tripolyphosphate are used. The amount of co-builder is to be counted against the preferred amounts of phosphates.
- the fine crystalline, synthetic and bound water-containing zeolite which is frequently used as a detergent builder is preferably zeolite A and / or P.
- zeolite P for example, zeolite MAP ⁇ R
- zeolite X and mixtures of A, X and / or P and Y are also suitable.
- VEGOBOND AX® Common product from Condea Augusta SpA
- the zeolite can be used as a spray-dried powder or as an undried stabilized suspension that is still moist from its manufacture.
- the zeolite can contain small additions of nonionic surfactants as stabilizers, for example 1 to 3% by weight, based on zeolite, of ethoxylated C * i2-Ci8 fatty alcohols with 2 to 5 ethylene oxide groups , Ci2-Ci4 fatty alcohols with 4 to 5 ethylene oxide groups or ethoxylated isotridecanols.
- Suitable zeolites have an average particle size of less than 10 ⁇ m (volume distribution; measurement method: Coulter Counter) and preferably contain 18 to 22% by weight, in particular 20 to 22% by weight, of bound water.
- Suitable substitutes or partial substitutes for phosphates and zeolites are crystalline, layered sodium silicates of the general formula NaMSixO ⁇ x + ryH ⁇ O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1, 9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20 and preferred values for x are 2, 3 or 4.
- Such crystalline layered silicates are described, for example, in European patent application EP 0164514 A1.
- Preferred crystalline phyllosilicates of the formula given are those in which M is sodium and x is 2 or 3.
- both ⁇ - and ⁇ -sodium disilicate Na ⁇ Si ⁇ Os-yH ⁇ O are preferred, wherein ⁇ -sodium disilicate can be obtained, for example, by the process described in international patent application WO 91/08171.
- Further suitable layered silicates are known, for example, from patent applications DE 2334899 A1, EP 0026529 A1 and DE 3526405 A1. Their usability is not limited to a special composition or structural formula.
- smectites in particular bentonites, are preferred here.
- Suitable sheet silicates, which belong to the group of water-swellable smectites are, for example, those of the general formulas
- the layered silicates can contain hydrogen, alkali, alkaline earth ions, in particular Na + and Ca 2+ .
- the amount of water of hydration is usually in the range of 8 to 20% by weight and depends on the swelling condition or the type of processing.
- Useful layer silicates are known, for example, from US 3,966,629, US 4,062,647, EP 0026529 A1 and EP 0028432 A1.
- Layer silicates are preferably used which are largely free of calcium ions and strongly coloring iron ions due to an alkali treatment.
- the preferred builder substances also include amorphous sodium silicates with a Na ⁇ O: SiO 2 module of 1: 2 to 1: 3.3, preferably 1: 2 to 1: 2.8 and in particular 1: 2 to 1: 2.6 , which are delayed release and have secondary washing properties.
- the delay in dissolution compared to conventional amorphous sodium silicates can be caused in various ways, for example by surface treatment, compounding, compacting / compression or by overdrying.
- the term “amorphous” is also understood to mean “X-ray amorphous”.
- silicates in X-ray diffraction experiments do not provide sharp X-ray reflections, as are typical for crystalline substances, but at most one or more maxima of the scattered X-rays, which have a width of several degree units of the diffraction angle.
- it can very well lead to particularly good builder properties if the silicate particles deliver washed-out or even sharp diffraction maxima in electron diffraction experiments. This is to be interpreted as meaning that the products have microcrystalline areas of size 10 to a few hundred nm, values up to max. 50 nm and in particular up to max. 20 nm are preferred.
- Such so-called X-ray amorphous silicates which also have a delay in dissolution compared to conventional water glasses, are described, for example, in German patent application DE 4400024 A1. Compressed / compacted amorphous silicates, compounded amorphous silicates and overdried X-ray amorphous silicates are particularly preferred.
- phosphates As builders, provided that such use should not be avoided for ecological reasons.
- the sodium salts of orthophosphates, pyrophosphates and in particular tripolyphosphates are particularly suitable. Their content is generally not more than 25% by weight, preferably not more than 20% by weight, in each case based on the finished composition. In some cases, it has been shown that tripolyphosphates in particular, even in small amounts up to a maximum of 10% by weight, based on the finished agent, in combination with other builder substances lead to a synergistic improvement in the secondary washing ability.
- Usable organic builders that come into question as co-builders are, for example, the polycarboxylic acids which can be used in the form of their sodium salts, such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids, aminocarboxylic acids, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), provided that such use is used for ecological reasons is not objectionable, and mixtures of these.
- Preferred salts are the salts of polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids and mixtures of these. Also the acids themselves can be used.
- the acids typically also have the property of an acidifying component and thus also serve to set a lower and milder pH value of detergents or cleaning agents.
- Citric acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, gluconic acid and any mixtures thereof can be mentioned in particular.
- Suitable organic builder substances are dextrins, for example oligomers or polymers of carbohydrates, which can be obtained by partial hydrolysis of starches.
- the hydrolysis can be carried out by customary processes, for example acid-catalyzed or enzyme-catalyzed. They are preferably hydrolysis products with average molar masses in the range from 400 to 500,000.
- DE dextrose equivalent
- Both maltodextrins with a DE between 3 and 20 and dry glucose syrups with a DE between 20 and 37 as well as so-called yellow dextrins and white dextrins with higher molar masses in the range from 2,000 to 30,000 can be used.
- a preferred dextrin is described in British patent application GB 9419091 A1 ,
- the oxidized derivatives of such dextrins are their reaction products with oxidizing agents which are capable of oxidizing at least one alcohol function of the saccharide ring to the carboxylic acid function.
- Such oxidized dextrins and processes for their preparation are known, for example, from European patent applications EP 0232202 A1, EP 0427349 A1, EP 0472042 A1 and EP 0542496 A1 as well as from international patent applications WO 92/18542, WO 93/08251, WO 93/16110, WO 94 / 28030, WO 95/07303, WO 95/12619 and WO 95/20608 are known.
- An oxidized oligosaccharide according to German patent application DE 19600018 AI is also suitable.
- a product oxidized to C ⁇ of the saccharide ring can be particularly advantageous.
- Suitable cobuilders are oxydisuccinates and other derivatives of disuccinates, preferably ethylenediamine disuccinate.
- glycerol disuccinates and glycerol trisuccinates are also particularly preferred, as are described, for example, in US Pat. Nos. 4,524,009, 4,639,325, European Patent Application EP 0150930 A1 and Japanese Patent Application JP 93/339896.
- Suitable amounts for use in formulations containing zeolite and / or silicate are 3 to 15% by weight.
- Suitable organic cobuilders are, for example, acetylated hydroxycarboxylic acids or their salts, which may also be in lactone form and which contain at least 4 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxyl group and a maximum of two acid groups.
- Such cobuilders are described, for example, in international patent application WO 95/20029.
- Suitable polymeric polycarboxylates are, for example, the sodium salts of polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid, for example those with a relative molecular weight of 800 to 150,000 (based on acid and measured in each case against polystyrene sulfonic acid).
- Suitable copolymeric polycarboxylates are, in particular, those of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid and of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid. Copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic acid which contain 50 to 90% by weight of acrylic acid and 50 to 10% by weight of maleic acid have proven to be particularly suitable. Their relative molecular weight, based on free acids, is generally 5,000 to 200,000, preferably 10,000 to 120,000 and in particular 50,000 to 100,000 (measured in each case against polystyrene sulfonic acid).
- the (co) polymeric polycarboxylates can be used either as a powder or as an aqueous solution, with 20 to 55% by weight aqueous solutions being preferred.
- Granular polymers are usually subsequently mixed into one or more basic granules.
- biodegradable polymers composed of more than two different monomer units, for example those which, according to DE 4300772 A1, as salts of acrylic acid and maleic acid as well as vinyl alcohol or vinyl alcohol derivatives or as DE 4221381 C2 as monomer salts of acrylic acid and the 2-alkylallylsulfonic acid and sugar derivatives.
- Further preferred copolymers are those which are described in German patent applications DE 4303320 A1 and DE 4417734 A1 and which preferably contain acrolein and acrylic acid / acrylic acid salts or acrolein and vinyl acetate as monomers.
- polymeric aminodicarboxylic acids their salts or their precursor substances. Polyaspartic acids or their salts and derivatives are particularly preferred.
- polyacetals which can be obtained by reacting dialdehydes with polyolcarboxylic acids which have 5 to 7 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups, for example as described in European patent application EP 0280223 A1.
- Preferred polyacetals are obtained from dialdehydes such as glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, terephthalaldehyde and their mixtures and from polyol carboxylic acids such as gluconic acid and / or glucoheptonic acid.
- the agents can also contain components which have a positive influence on the oil and fat washability from textiles.
- the preferred oil and fat-dissolving components include, for example, nonionic cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose and methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose with a proportion of methoxyl groups of 15 to 30% by weight and of hydroxypropoxyl groups of 1 to 15% by weight, in each case based on the nonionic Cellulose ether, as well as the polymers of phthalic acid and / or terephthalic acid known from the prior art> zw.
- polymers of ethylene terephthalates and / or polyethylene glycol terephthalates or anionically and / or nonionically modified derivatives thereof are particularly preferred.
- Suitable ingredients of the agents are water-soluble inorganic salts such as bicarbonates, carbonates, amorphous silicates, normal water glasses, which have no outstanding builder properties, or mixtures of these; in particular, alkali carbonate and / or amorphous alkali silicate, especially sodium silicate with a molar ratio Na ⁇ O: Si0 2 of 1: 1 to 1: 4.5, preferably of 1: 2 to 1: 3.5, are used.
- the content of sodium carbonate in the final preparations is preferably up to 40% by weight, advantageously between 2 and 35% by weight.
- the content of sodium silicate in the agents (without special builder properties) is generally up to 10% by weight and preferably between 1 and 8% by weight.
- the agents can contain other known additives, for example salts of polyphosphonic acids, optical brighteners, enzymes, enzyme stabilizers, defoamers, small amounts of neutral filler salts and colorants and fragrances and the like.
- sodium perborate tetrahydrate and sodium perborate monohydrate are of particular importance.
- Other usable bleaching agents are, for example, sodium percarbonate, peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates and H2O2-delivering peracidic salts or peracids, such as perbenzoates, peroxophthalates, diperazelaic acid, phthaloiminoperic acid or diperdodecanedioic acid.
- the bleaching agent content of the agents is preferably 5 to 35% by weight and in particular up to 30% by weight, advantageously using boron monohydrate or percarbonate.
- Bleach activators which can be used are compounds which, under perhydrolysis conditions, give aliphatic peroxocarboxylic acids having preferably 1 to 10 C atoms, in particular 2 to 4 C atoms, and / or optionally substituted perbenzoic acid. Suitable substances are those which carry O- and / or N-acyl groups of the number of carbon atoms mentioned and / or optionally substituted benzoyl groups.
- hydrophilically substituted acylacetals known from German patent application DE 19616769 A1 and the acyl lactams described in German patent application DE 196 16 770 and international patent application WO 95/14075 are also preferably used.
- the combinations of conventional bleach activators known from German patent application DE 4443177 A1 can also be used. Bleach activators of this type are present in the customary quantitative range, preferably in amounts of 1% by weight to 10% by weight, in particular 2% by weight to 8% by weight, based on the total agent.
- the sulfonimines and / or bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or transition metal complexes known from European patents EP 0446982 B1 and EP 0453 003 B1 can also be present as so-called bleaching catalysts.
- the transition metal compounds in question include in particular the manganese, iron, cobalt, ruthenium or molybdenum-salt complexes known from German patent application DE 19529905 A1 and their N-analog compounds known from German patent application DE 19620267 A1, which are known from German Patent application DE 19536082 A1 known manganese, iron, cobalt, ruthenium or molybdenum carbonyl complexes, the manganese, iron, cobalt, ruthenium, molybdenum, titanium, vanadium, described in German patent application DE 19605688 A1 and copper complexes with nitrogen-containing tripod ligands, the cobalt, iron, copper and ruthenium amine complexes known from German patent application DE 19620411 A1, the manganese, copper and cobalt complexes described in German patent application DE 4416438 A1 , the cobalt complexes described in European patent application EP 0272030 A1, the Mang.
- European patent application EP 0693550 A1 an complexes, the manganese, iron, cobalt and copper complexes known from European patent EP 0392592 A1 and / or those described in European patent EP 0443651 B1 or European patent applications EP 0458397 A1, EP 0458398 A1, EP 0549271 A1, EP 0549272 A1, EP 0544490 A1 and EP 0544519 A1 described manganese complexes.
- Combinations of bleach activators and transition metal bleach catalysts are known, for example, from German patent application DE 19613103 A1 and international patent application WO 95/27775.
- Bleach-boosting transition metal complexes are used in customary amounts, preferably in an amount up to 1 wt ⁇ 0 /., In particular from 0.0025 wt. % to 0.25% by weight and particularly preferably from 0.01% by weight to 0.1% by weight, in each case based on the total agent.
- Enzymes and enzyme stabilizers are used in customary amounts, preferably in an amount up to 1 wt ⁇ 0 /., In particular from 0.0025 wt. % to 0.25% by weight and particularly preferably from 0.01% by weight to 0.1% by weight, in each case based on the total agent.
- Particularly suitable enzymes are those from the class of hydrolases, such as proteases, esterases, lipases or lipolytically active enzymes, amylases, cellulases or other glycosyl hydrolases and mixtures of the enzymes mentioned. All of these hydrolases contribute to the removal of stains, such as stains containing protein, fat or starch, and graying in the laundry. By removing pilling and microfibrils, cellulases and other glycosyl hydrolases can help maintain color and increase the softness of the textile. Oxidoreductases can also be used for bleaching or for inhibiting color transfer.
- hydrolases such as proteases, esterases, lipases or lipolytically active enzymes, amylases, cellulases or other glycosyl hydrolases and mixtures of the enzymes mentioned. All of these hydrolases contribute to the removal of stains, such as stains containing protein, fat or starch, and graying in the laundry. By removing pilling and micro
- Enzymes obtained from bacterial strains or fungi such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Streptomyces griseus and Humicola insolens are particularly suitable.
- Proteases of the subtilisin type and in particular proteases which are obtained from Bacillus lentus are preferably used.
- Enzyme mixtures for example from protease and amylase or protease and lipase or lipolytically active enzymes or protease and cellulase or from cellulase and lipase or lipolytically active enzymes or from protease, amylase and lipase or lipolytically active enzymes or protease, lipase or lipolytic enzymes and cellulase, but especially protease- and / or lipase-containing mixtures or mixtures with lipolytic enzymes of particular interest.
- Known cutinases are examples of such lipolytically active enzymes.
- Peroxidases or oxidases have also proven to be suitable in some cases.
- Suitable amylases include in particular ⁇ -amylases, iso-amylases, pululanases and pectinases.
- Cellobiohydrolases, endoglucanases and ⁇ -glucosidases, which are also called cellobiases, or mixtures thereof, are preferably used as cellulases. Since the different cellulase types differ in their CMCase and avicelase activities, the desired activities can be set by targeted mixtures of the cellulases.
- the enzymes can be adsorbed on carriers and / or embedded in coating substances in order to protect them against premature decomposition.
- the proportion of the enzymes, enzyme mixtures or enzyme granules can be, for example, about 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to about 2% by weight.
- the agents can contain further enzyme stabilizers.
- enzyme stabilizers For example, 0.5 to 1% by weight sodium formate can be used. It is also possible to use proteases which are stabilized with soluble calcium salts and a calcium content of preferably about 1.2% by weight, based on the enzyme.
- calcium salts magnesium salts also serve as stabilizers.
- boron compounds for example boric acid, boron oxide, borax and other alkali metal borates, such as the salts of orthoboric acid (H3BO3), metaboric acid (HBO2) and pyroboric acid (tetraboric acid H2B4O7), is particularly advantageous. Graying inhibitors
- Graying inhibitors have the task of keeping the dirt detached from the fiber suspended in the liquor and thus preventing the dirt from being re-absorbed.
- Water-soluble colloids of mostly organic nature are suitable for this, for example the water-soluble salts of polymeric carboxylic acids, glue, gelatin, salts of ether carboxylic acids or ether sulfonic acids of starch or cellulose or salts of acidic sulfuric acid esters of cellulose or starch.
- Water-soluble polyamides containing acidic groups are also suitable for this purpose. Soluble starch preparations and starch products other than those mentioned above can also be used, e.g. degraded starch, aldehyde starches, etc. Polyvinylpyrrolidone can also be used.
- cellulose ethers such as carboxymethyl cellulose (sodium salt), methyl cellulose, hydroxyalkyl cellulose and mixed ethers, such as methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl carboxymethyl cellulose and mixtures thereof, and polyvinylpyrrolidone, for example in amounts of 0.1 to 5% by weight, are preferred on the means.
- the agents can contain derivatives of diaminostilbenedisulfonic acid or its alkali metal salts. Suitable are, for example, salts of 4,4'-bis (2-anilino-4-morpholino-1, 3,5-triazinyl-6-amino) stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid or compounds of the same structure which instead of the morpho- linino group carry a diethanolamino group, a methylamino group, an anilino group or a 2-methoxyethylamino group.
- Brighteners of the substituted diphenylstyrene type may also be present, for example the alkali salts of 4,4'-bis (2-sulfostyryl) diphenyl, 4,4'-bis (4-chloro-3-sulfostyryl) diphenyl , or 4- (4-chlorostyryl) -4 '- (2-sulfostyryl) diphenyl. Mixtures of the aforementioned brighteners can also be used.
- Uniformly white granules are obtained if, in addition to the usual brighteners, the agents are present in customary amounts, for example between 0.1 and 0.5% by weight, preferably between 0.1 and 0.3% by weight, and also in small amounts, for example 10 "6 to 10 " 3 wt .-%, preferably by 10- 5 wt .-%, of a blue dye.
- a particularly preferred dye is Tinolux® (commercial product from Ciba-Geigy).
- Suitable soil-repellants are substances which preferably contain ethylene terephthalate and / or polyethylene glycol terephthalate groups, the molar ratio Ethylene terephthalate to polyethylene glycol terephthalate can range from 50:50 to 90:10.
- the molecular weight of the linking polyethylene glycol units is in particular in the range from 750 to 5000, ie the degree of ethoxylation of the polymers containing polyethylene glycol groups can be approximately 15 to 100.
- the polymers are characterized by an average molecular weight of about 5000 to 200,000 and can have a block, but preferably a random structure.
- Preferred polymers are those with molar ratios of ethylene terephthalate / polyethylene glycol terephthalate from about 65:35 to about 90:10, preferably from about 70:30 to 80:20. Also preferred are those polymers which have linking polyethylene glycol units with a molecular weight of 750 to 5000, preferably from 1000 to about 3000 and a molecular weight of the polymer from about 10,000 to about 50,000. Examples of commercially available polymers are the products Milease® T (ICI) or Repelotex® SRP 3 (Rhône-Poulenc). defoamers
- Wax-like compounds can be used as defoamers.
- “Wax-like” are understood to mean those compounds which have a melting point at atmospheric pressure above 25 ° C. (room temperature), preferably above 50 ° C. and in particular above 70 ° C.
- the wax-like defoamer substances are practically insoluble in water, ie at 20 ° C. they have a solubility of less than 0.1% by weight in 100 g of water.
- all wax-like defoamer substances known from the prior art can be present.
- Suitable wax-like compounds are, for example, bisamides, fatty alcohols, fatty acids, carboxylic acid esters of mono- and polyhydric alcohols as well as paraffin waxes or mixtures thereof.
- the silicone compounds known for this purpose can of course also be used.
- Suitable paraffin waxes generally represent a complex mixture of substances without a sharp melting point. For characterization, one usually determines its melting range by differential thermal analysis (DTA), as described in "The Analyst” 87 (1962), 420, and / or its solidification point , This is the temperature at which the paraffin changes from the liquid to the solid state by slow cooling. Paraffins which are completely liquid at room temperature, that is to say those having a solidification point below 25 ° C., cannot be used according to the invention.
- the soft waxes which have a melting point in the range from 35 to 50 ° C., preferably include the group of petrolates and their hydrogenation products.
- the solid hydrocarbons with melting points between 63 and 79 ° C which are separated from the highly viscous, paraffin-containing lubricating oil distillates during the dewaxing are also suitable.
- These petrolates are mixtures of microcrystalline waxes and high-melting n-paraffins.
- the paraffin wax mixtures known from EP 0309931 A1 of, for example, 26% by weight to 49% by weight of microcrystalline paraffin wax with a solidification point of 62 ° C.
- paraffin waxes which can be used according to the invention, this liquid fraction is as low as possible and is preferably absent entirely.
- paraffin wax mixtures at 30 C C a liquid fraction of less than 10 wt .-%, particularly from 2 wt .-% to 5 wt .-%, at 40 ° C a liquid fraction of less than 30 wt .-%, preferably from 5 % By weight to 25% by weight and in particular from 5% by weight to 15% by weight, at 60 ° C. a liquid fraction of 30% by weight to 60% by weight, in particular 40% by weight % to 55% by weight, at 80 ° C a liquid content of 80% by weight to 100% by weight, and at 90 ° C a liquid content of 100% by weight.
- the temperature at which a liquid content of 100% by weight of the paraffin wax is reached is still below 85 ° C., in particular at 75 ° C. to 82 ° C., in particularly preferred paraffin wax mixtures.
- the paraffin waxes can be petrolatum, microcrystalline waxes or hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated paraffin waxes.
- Suitable bisamides as defoamers are those which are derived from saturated fatty acids with 12 to 22, preferably 14 to 18 C atoms and from alkylenediamines with 2 to 7 C atoms.
- Suitable fatty acids are lauric acid, myristic acid, stearic acid, arachic acid and behenic acid and mixtures thereof, as can be obtained from natural fats or hydrogenated oils, such as tallow or hydrogenated palm oil.
- Suitable diamines are, for example, ethylene diamine, 1,3-propylene diamine, tetramethylene diamine, pentamethylene diamine, hexamethylene diamine, p-phenylene diamine and tolylene diamine.
- Preferred diamines are ethylenediamine and hexamethylenediamine.
- Particularly preferred bisamides are bismyristoylethylene diamine, bispalmitoylethylene diamine, bisstearoylethylene diamine and mixtures thereof and the corresponding derivatives of hexamethylene diamine.
- Suitable carboxylic acid esters as defoamers are derived from carboxylic acids with 12 to 28 carbon atoms.
- these are esters of behenic acid, stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid and / or lauric acid.
- the alcohol part of the carboxylic acid ester contains a mono- or polyhydric alcohol with 1 to 28 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon serstoffkette.
- suitable alcohols are behenyl alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, coconut alcohol, 12-hydroxystearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol and lauryl alcohol as well as ethylene glycol, glycerin, polyvinyl alcohol, sucrose, erythritol, pentaerythritol, sorbitan and / or sorbitol.
- Preferred esters are those of ethylene glycol, glycerol and sorbitan, the acid part of the ester being selected in particular from behenic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid or myristic acid.
- Suitable esters of polyvalent alcohols include xylitol monopalmitate, Pentarythritmonostearat, glycerol monostearate, ethylene glycol and rat sorbitan, sorbitan Sorbitanmonolau-, Sorbitandilaurat, sorbitan, sorbitan dioleate, and sorbitan mixed tallow alkyl and diesters.
- Glycerol esters which can be used are the mono-, di- or triesters of glycerol and the carboxylic acids mentioned, the mono- or diesters being preferred.
- Glycerol monostearate, glycerol monooleate, glycerol monopalmitate, glycerol monobehenate and glycerol distearate are examples of this.
- suitable natural esters as defoamers are beeswax, which mainly consists of the esters CH 3 (CH 2 ) 24COO (CH2) 27CH3 and CH 3 (CH2) 26COO (CH 2 ) 25CH3, and carnauba wax, which is a mixture of alkylamides of camauba acid , often in combination with small amounts of free carnauba acid, other long-chain acids, high-molecular alcohols and hydrocarbons.
- Suitable carboxylic acids as a further defoamer compound are, in particular, behenic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid and lauric acid, and mixtures thereof, as are obtainable from natural fats or optionally hardened oils, such as tallow or hydrogenated palm oil. Saturated fatty acids with 12 to 22, in particular 18 to 22, carbon atoms are preferred.
- Suitable fatty alcohols as a further defoamer compound are the hydrogenated products of the fatty acids described.
- Dialkyl ethers may also be present as defoamers.
- the ethers can be asymmetrical or symmetrical, i.e. contain two identical or different alkyl chains, preferably with 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
- Typical examples are di-n-octyl ether, di-i-octyl ether and di-n-stearyl ether; dialkyl ethers which have a melting point above 25 ° C., in particular above 40 ° C., are particularly suitable.
- Suitable defoamer compounds are fatty ketones, which can be obtained by the relevant methods of preparative organic chemistry. They are produced goes, for example, carboxylic acid magnesium salts, which are pyrolyzed at temperatures above 300 C C with elimination of carbon dioxide and water, for example according to the German Offenlegungsschrift DE 2553900 A..
- Suitable fat ketones are those obtained by pyrolysis of the magnesium salts of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, Elaidic acid, petroselinic acid, arachic acid, gadoleic acid, behenic acid or erucic acid can be produced.
- Suitable defoamers are fatty acid polyethylene glycol esters, which are preferably obtained by base-homogeneously catalyzed addition of ethylene oxide to fatty acids.
- the addition of ethylene oxide to the fatty acids takes place in the presence of alkanolamines as catalysts.
- alkanolamines especially triethanolamine, leads to an extremely selective ethoxylation of the fatty acids, especially when it comes to producing low-ethoxylated compounds.
- the paraffin waxes described are particularly preferably used alone as wax-like defoamers or in a mixture with one of the other wax-like defoamers, the proportion of paraffin waxes in the mixture preferably making up more than 50% by weight, based on the wax-like defoamer mixture.
- the paraffin waxes can be applied to carriers if necessary. All known inorganic and / or organic carrier materials are suitable as carrier materials. Examples of typical inorganic carrier materials are alkali carbonates, aluminosilicates, water-soluble layer silicates, alkali silicates, alkali sulfates, for example sodium sulfate, and alkali phosphates.
- the alkali silicates are preferably a compound with a molar ratio of alkali oxide to SiO 2 of 1: 1.5 to 1: 3.5.
- the use of such silicates results in particularly good grain properties, in particular high abrasion stability and nevertheless high dissolution rate in water.
- the aluminosilicates referred to as carrier material include in particular the zeolites, for example zeolite NaA and NaX.
- the compounds referred to as water-soluble layered silicates include, for example, amorphous or crystalline water glass. Silicates which are commercially available under the name Aerosil® or Sipernat® can also be used.
- suitable organic carrier materials are film-forming polymers, for example polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl pyrrolidones, poly (meth) acrylates, polycarboxylates, cellulose derivatives and starch.
- Usable cellulose ethers are, in particular, alkali carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose and so-called cellulose mixed ethers, such as, for example, methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose and methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, and mixtures thereof.
- Particularly suitable mixtures are composed of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, the carboxymethyl cellulose usually having a degree of substitution of 0.5 to 0.8 carboxymethyl groups per anhydroglucose unit and the methyl cellulose having a degree of substitution of 1.2 to 2 methyl groups per anhydroglucose unit.
- the mixtures preferably contain alkali carboxymethyl cellulose and nonionic cellulose ethers in weight ratios of 80:20 to 40:60, in particular 75; 25 to 50:50.
- Native starch composed of amylose and amylopectin is also suitable as a carrier. As native starch is called starch as it is available as an extract from natural sources, for example from rice, potatoes, corn and wheat.
- Carrier materials which can be used individually or more than one of the abovementioned compounds, in particular selected from the group of alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal sulfates, alkali metal phosphates, zeolites, water-soluble sheet silicates, alkali metal silicates, polycarboxylates, cellulose ethers, polyacrylate / polymethacrylate and starch.
- alkali carbonates in particular sodium carbonate, alkali silicates, in particular sodium silicate, alkali sulfates, in particular sodium sulfate and zeolites are particularly suitable.
- Suitable silicones are conventional organopolysiloxanes, which can have a content of finely divided silica, which in turn can also be silanized. Such organopolysiloxanes are described, for example, in European patent application EP 0496510 A1. Polydiorganosiloxanes and in particular polydimethylsiloxanes, which are known from the prior art, are particularly preferred. Suitable polydiorganosiloxanes have an almost linear chain and have a degree of oligomerization of 40 to 1500. Examples of suitable substituents are methyl, ethyl, propyl and isobutyl. Butyl and phenyl.
- silicones in general and the polydiorganosiloxanes in particular contain finely divided silica, which can also be silanated.
- Silicic acid-containing dimethylpolysiloxanes are particularly suitable for the purposes of the present invention.
- the polydiorganosiloxanes advantageously have a Brookfield viscosity at 25 ° C.
- silicones in the range from 5000 mPas to 30,000 mPas, in particular from 15,000 to 25,000 mPas.
- the silicones are preferably used in the form of their aqueous emulsions. As a rule, the silicone is added to the water initially introduced with stirring. If desired, thickeners such as are known from the prior art can be added to increase the viscosity of the aqueous silicone emissions.
- nonionic cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose and mixed ethers such as methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl hydroxybutyl cellulose and anionic carboxyl cellulose types such as the carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt (abbreviation CMC) are particularly preferred.
- Particularly suitable thickeners are mixtures of CMC to nonionic cellulose ethers in a weight ratio of 80:20 to 40:60, in particular 75:25 to 60:40.
- aqueous silicone solutions are given starch which is accessible from natural sources, for example from rice, potatoes, corn and wheat.
- the starch is advantageously present in amounts of 0.1 to 50% by weight, based on the silicone emulsion, and in particular in a mixture with the already described thickener mixtures of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and a nonionic cellulose ether in the amounts already mentioned.
- the procedure is expediently such that the thickeners which may be present are allowed to swell in water before the silicones are added.
- the silicones are expediently incorporated with the aid of effective stirring and mixing devices.
- fragrance compounds e.g. the synthetic products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, ketone, alcohol and hydrocarbon type are used.
- Fragrance compounds of the ester type are e.g. Benzyl acetate, phenoxyethyl isobutyrate, p-tert-butylcyclohexyl acetate, linalyl acetate, dimethylbenzylcarbinylacetate, phenylethyl acetate, linalylbenzoate, benzyl formate, ethylmethylphenylglycinate, allylcyclohexylpropionate, styrallylpropionate and benzylsapionate and benzylsapionate.
- the ethers include, for example, benzyl ethyl ether, the aldehydes e.g. the linear alkanals with 8-18 C atoms, citral, citronellal, citronellyloxyacetaldehyde, cyclamenaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, lilial and bourgeonal, to the ketones e.g.
- perfume oils can also contain natural fragrance mixtures as are available from plant sources, e.g. Pine, citrus, jasmine, patchouly, rose or ylang-ylang oil.
- muscatel sage oil, chamomile oil, clove oil, lemon balm oil, mint oil, cinnamon leaf oil, linden blossom oil, juniper berry oil, vetiver oil, olibanum oil, galbanum oil and labdanum oil as well as orange blossom oil, neroliol, orange peel oil and sandalwood oil.
- the fragrances can be incorporated directly into the agents according to the invention, but it can also be advantageous to apply the fragrances to carriers which increase the adhesion of the perfume to the laundry and ensure a long-lasting fragrance of the textiles by slower fragrance release.
- Cyclodextrins for example, have proven useful as such carrier materials, and the cyclodextrin-perfume complexes can additionally be coated with further auxiliaries. actuating means
- the final preparations can also contain inorganic salts as fillers or fillers, such as sodium sulfate, which is preferably present in amounts of 0 to 10, in particular 1 to 5% by weight, based on the composition.
- inorganic salts such as sodium sulfate, which is preferably present in amounts of 0 to 10, in particular 1 to 5% by weight, based on the composition.
- the detergents obtainable using the additives according to the invention can be produced or used in the form of powders, extrudates, granules or agglomerates. These can be both universal and delicates or color detergents, optionally in the form of compact or super-compact.
- the corresponding methods known from the prior art are suitable for producing such agents.
- the agents are preferably prepared by mixing different particulate components which contain detergent ingredients.
- the particulate components can be produced by spray drying, simple mixing or complex granulation processes, for example fluidized bed granulation. It is particularly preferred that at least one surfactant-containing component is produced by fluidized bed granulation. It can furthermore be particularly preferred if aqueous preparations of the alkali silicate and the alkali carbonate are sprayed together with other detergent ingredients in a drying device, wherein granulation can take place simultaneously with the drying.
- the drying device into which the aqueous preparation is sprayed can be any drying apparatus.
- the drying is carried out as spray drying in a drying tower.
- the aqueous preparations are exposed to a drying gas stream in finely divided form in a known manner.
- Patent publications by Henkel describe an embodiment of spray drying with superheated steam. The working principle disclosed there is hereby expressly made the subject of the present disclosure of the invention.
- a particularly preferred possibility for producing the agents consists in subjecting the preliminary products to fluidized bed granulation (“SKET” granulation).
- SKET fluidized bed granulation
- the preliminary products can be used both in the dried state and as an aqueous preparation.
- Fluidized bed apparatuses which are preferably used have base plates with dimensions of 0.4 to 5 m.
- the granulation is preferably carried out at fluidizing air speeds in the range from 1 to 8 m / s.
- the granules are preferably discharged from the fluidized bed via a size classification of the granules.
- the classification can take place, for example, by means of a sieve device or by means of an opposed air flow (classifier air) which is regulated in such a way that only particles of a certain particle size are removed from the fluidized bed and smaller particles are retained in the fluidized bed.
- the inflowing air is usually composed of the heated or unheated classifier air and the heated bottom air.
- the soil air temperature is between 80 and 400, preferably 90 and 350 ° C.
- a starting mass for example a granulate from an earlier test batch, is presented at the beginning of the granulation.
- the mixtures are then subjected to a compacting step, further ingredients being added to the agents only after the compacting step.
- the ingredients are compacted in a press agglomeration process.
- the press agglomeration process to which the solid premix (dried basic detergent) is subjected can be carried out in various apparatuses. Different press agglomeration processes are distinguished depending on the type of agglomerator used.
- the four most common press agglomeration processes preferred in the context of the present invention are extrusion, roll pressing or compacting and hole pressing (pelletizing), so that preferred press agglomeration processes in the context of the present invention are extrusion, roll compacting or pelletizing processes.
- the premix is compressed and plasticized under pressure and the individual particles are pressed together and the porosity is reduced and adhere to one another.
- the tools can be heated to higher temperatures or cooled to dissipate the heat generated by shear forces.
- binders can be used as an aid to compaction.
- a binder is used that already fully present at temperatures up to 130 ° C, preferably up to 100 ° C and in particular up to 90 C C as a melt.
- the binder must therefore be selected depending on the process and process conditions or the process conditions, in particular the process temperature, must - if a particular binder is desired - be adapted to the binder.
- the actual compression process preferably takes place at processing temperatures which, at least in the compression step, correspond at least to the temperature of the softening point, if not even the temperature of the melting point of the binder.
- the process temperature is significantly above the melting point or above the temperature at which the binder is in the form of a melt.
- the process temperature in the compression step is not more than 20 ° C. above the melting temperature or the upper limit of the melting range of the binder. It is technically quite possible to set even higher temperatures; However, it has been shown that a temperature difference of 20 ° C. from the melting temperature or softening temperature of the binder is generally sufficient and even higher temperatures do not bring any additional advantages.
- thermoly sensitive raw materials for example peroxy bleaching agents such as perborate and / or percarbonate, but also enzymes, can increasingly be processed without serious loss of active substance.
- peroxy bleaching agents such as perborate and / or percarbonate, but also enzymes.
- the possibility of precise temperature control of the binder in particular in the decisive step of compaction, i.e. between the mixing / homogenization of the premix and the shaping, permits an energetically very economical and extremely gentle process control for the temperature-sensitive components of the premix, since the premix only lasts for a short time exposed to higher temperatures.
- the working tools of the press agglomerator (the screw (s) of the extruder, the roller (s) of the roller compactor and the press roller (s) of the pellet press) have a temperature of at most 150 ° C., preferably at most 100 ° C. and in particular to a maximum of 75 ° C and the process temperature is 30 ° C and in particular a maximum of 20 ° C above the melting temperature or the upper temperature limit of the melting range of the binder.
- the duration of the temperature effect in the compression range of the press agglomerators is preferably a maximum of 2 minutes and is in particular in a range between 30 seconds and 1 minute.
- Preferred binders which can be used alone or in a mixture with other binders are polyethylene glycols, 1,2-polypropylene glycols and modified polyethylene glycols and polypropylene glycols.
- the modified polyalkylene glycols include in particular the sulfates and / or the disulfates of polyethylene glycols or polypropylene glycols with a relative molecular weight between 600 and 12,000 and in particular between 1,000 and 4,000.
- Another group consists of mono- and / or disuccinates of the polyalkylene glycols, which again relative molecular masses between see 600 and 6,000, preferably between 1,000 and 4,000.
- polyethylene glycols include those polymers which, in addition to ethylene glycol, also employ C3-Cs glycols and glycerol and mixtures thereof as starting molecules. Ethoxylated derivatives such as trimethylolpropane with 5 to 30 EO are also included.
- the polyethylene glycols preferably used can have a linear or branched structure, linear polyethylene glycols being particularly preferred.
- the particularly preferred polyethylene glycols include those with relative molecular weights between 2,000 and 12,000, advantageously around 4,000, polyethylene glycols with relative molecular weights below 3,500 and above 5,000, in particular in combination with polyethylene glycols with a relative molecular weight of around 4,000, and can be used Such combinations advantageously have more than 50% by weight, based on the total amount of polyethylene glycols, of polyethylene glycols with a relative molecular weight between 3,500 and 5,000.
- polyethylene glycols can also be used as binders, which are per se in liquid state at room temperature and a pressure of 1 bar; here we are mainly talking about polyethylene glycol with a relative molecular mass of 200, 400 and 600.
- these per se liquid polyethylene glycols should only be used in a mixture with at least one further binder, this mixture again having to meet the requirements according to the invention, that is to say having a melting point or softening point of at least above 45 ° C.
- suitable as binders are low molecular weight polyvinylpyrrolidones and derivatives thereof with relative molecular weights of up to a maximum of 30,000. Relative molecular weight ranges between 3,000 and 30,000, for example around 10,000 are preferred.
- Polyvinylpyrrolidones are preferably not used as sole binders but in combination with other used in particular in combination with polyethylene glycols.
- the compressed material preferably has temperatures not above 90 ° C., temperatures between 35 and 85 ° C. being particularly preferred. It has been found that outlet temperatures are from - 40 to 80 ° C, for example up to 70 C C, particularly advantageous - particularly in the extrusion process.
- the detergent according to the invention is produced by means of an extrusion, as described, for example, in European patent EP 0486592 B1 or international patent applications WO 93/02176 and WO 94/09111 or WO 98/12299.
- a solid premix is pressed in the form of a strand under pressure, and the strand is cut to the predeterminable size of the granulate after it has emerged from the hole shape by means of a cutting device.
- the homogeneous and solid premix contains a plasticizer and / or lubricant, which causes the premix to become plastic under the pressure or under the entry of specific work softens and becomes extrudable.
- Preferred plasticizers and / or lubricants are surfactants and / or polymers.
- the premix is preferably fed to a planetary roller extruder or a 2-shaft extruder or 2-screw extruder with co-rotating or counter-rotating screw guidance, the housing and the extruder pelletizing head of which can be heated to the predetermined extrusion temperature.
- the premix is compressed, plasticized, extruded in the form of fine strands through the perforated die plate in the extruder head and finally, under pressure, which is preferably at least 25 bar, but can also be lower at extremely high throughputs depending on the apparatus used the extrudate is preferably reduced to approximately spherical to cylindrical granules by means of a rotating knife.
- the hole diameter of the perforated nozzle plate and the strand cut length are matched to the selected granulate dimension. In this way, the production of granules of an essentially uniformly predeterminable particle size succeeds, and in particular the absolute particle sizes can be adapted to the intended use.
- particle diameters up to at most 0.8 cm are preferred.
- Important embodiments provide for the production of uniform granules in the millimeter range, for example in the range from 0.5 to 5 mm and in particular in the range from approximately 0.8 to 3 mm.
- the length / diameter ratio of the chopped-off primary granules is preferably in the range from about 1: 1 to about 3: 1. It is also preferred to feed the still plastic primary granules to a further shaping processing step; edges present on the crude extrudate are rounded off so that ultimately spherical to approximately spherical extrudate grains can be obtained.
- small amounts of dry powder for example zeolite powder such as zeolite NaA powder, can also be used in this step.
- extrusions / pressings can also be carried out in low-pressure extruders, in the Kahl press (from Amandus Kahl) or in the Bepex extruder.
- the temperature control in the transition region of the screw, the pre-distributor and the nozzle plate is preferably designed such that the melting temperature of the binder or the upper limit of the melting range of the binder is at least reached, but preferably exceeded.
- the duration of the temperature influence in the compression range of the extrusion is preferably less than 2 minutes and in particular in a range between 30 seconds and 1 minute.
- the detergents according to the invention can also be produced by means of roller compaction.
- the premix is metered in between two smooth rollers or with recesses of a defined shape and rolled out under pressure between the two rollers to form a sheet-like compact, the so-called Schülpe.
- the rollers exert a high line pressure on the premix and can be additionally heated or cooled as required.
- smooth rollers smooth, unstructured sliver belts are obtained, while by using structured rollers, correspondingly structured slugs can be produced in which, for example, certain shapes of the later detergent particles can be specified.
- the sliver belt is subsequently broken up into smaller pieces by a knocking-off and crushing process and can be processed into granules in this way, which can be refined by further known surface treatment processes, in particular in an approximately spherical shape.
- the temperature of the pressing tools that is to say of the rollers, is preferably at most 150 ° C., preferably at most 100 ° C. and in particular at a maximum of 75 ° C.
- Particularly preferred production processes work in roller compacting with process temperatures which are 10 ° C., in particular a maximum of 5 ° C. above the melting temperature or the upper temperature limit of the melting range of the binder.
- the duration of the temperature effect in the compression area of the smooth rollers or with depressions of a defined shape is a maximum of 2 minutes and is in particular in a range between 30 seconds and 1 minute.
- the detergent according to the invention can also be produced by pelleting.
- the premix is applied to a perforated surface and pressed through the holes by means of a pressure-producing body with plasticization.
- the premix is compressed under pressure, plasticized, pressed through a perforated surface by means of a rotating roller in the form of fine strands and finally comminuted into granules using a knock-off device.
- the most varied configurations of the pressure roller and perforated die are conceivable here. For example, flat perforated plates are used as well as concave or convex ring matrices through which the material is pressed using one or more pressure rollers.
- the press rolls can also be conical in the plate devices, in the ring-shaped devices dies and press roll (s) can have the same or opposite direction of rotation.
- An apparatus suitable for carrying out the method is described, for example, in German laid-open specification DE 3816842 A1.
- the ring die press disclosed in this document consists of a rotating ring die interspersed with press channels and at least one press roller which is operatively connected to its inner surface and which presses the material supplied to the die space through the press channels into a material discharge.
- the ring die and the press roller can be driven in the same direction, which means that a reduced shear stress and thus a lower temperature increase in the premix can be achieved.
- the temperature of the pressing tools that is to say the pressure rollers or pressure rollers, is preferably at most 150 ° C., preferably at most 100 ° C. and in particular at most 75 ° C.
- Particularly preferred production processes work in roller compacting with process temperatures which are 10 ° C., in particular a maximum of 5 ° C. above the melting temperature or the upper temperature limit of the melting range of the binder.
- Examples 1 to 3 comparative examples V1 to V3.
- the washing performance of various detergent compositions was examined. The determinations were carried out with a dosage of 75 g at a washing temperature of 30 ° C in a Miele washing machine type W 918. A 30-minute delicates program was selected, the water hardness was 16 ° d, and the liquor load consisted of 3.5 kg of standard laundry. Washable (10D, 20D, 30D, 10C, 20C, E-RO-B) and cosmetic stains (10LS, 10 MU, 20 MU, H-LS-PBV) were examined. The degree of whiteness was measured photometrically against a standard (barium sulfate). During production, the non-ionic surfactants were sprayed onto the solid premixes. The compositions of the preparations and the washing results are summarized in Table 1. Examples 1 to 3 are according to the invention, examples V1 to V3 serve for comparison.
- Examples 4 to 6 comparative examples V4 to V6.
- 20 g of washing powder were added to 1 l of water at 15 ° C. with constant stirring. After 60 s (T1), 120 s (T2) and 300 s (T3), the solution was filtered through a sieve (mesh size: 0.1 mm). The filter residue was air dried for one hour and weighed. The results are summarized in Table 2.
- compositions and washing results (quantities as% by weight)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19962859A DE19962859A1 (de) | 1999-12-24 | 1999-12-24 | Feste Waschmittel |
| DE19962859 | 1999-12-24 | ||
| PCT/EP2000/012809 WO2001048133A1 (de) | 1999-12-24 | 2000-12-15 | Feste waschmittel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1240289A1 true EP1240289A1 (de) | 2002-09-18 |
Family
ID=7934384
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00990770A Withdrawn EP1240289A1 (de) | 1999-12-24 | 2000-12-15 | Feste waschmittel |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20030022809A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1240289A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE19962859A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2001048133A1 (de) |
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| DE10150400A1 (de) * | 2001-10-11 | 2003-04-17 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Feste Wasch-, Spül- und Reinigungsmittel |
| DE10153768A1 (de) * | 2001-11-02 | 2003-05-15 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Hydroxymischether mit Polymeren |
| US20030166488A1 (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2003-09-04 | Michael Elsner | Dishwashing and cleaning compositions |
| ATE359351T1 (de) * | 2003-05-21 | 2007-05-15 | Ciba Sc Holding Ag | Stabile teilchenförmige zusammensetzung enthaltend bleichkatalysatoren |
| EP1844917A3 (de) | 2006-03-24 | 2008-12-03 | Entex Rust & Mitschke GmbH | Verfahren zur Verarbeitung von zu entgasenden Produkten |
| US7808371B2 (en) * | 2006-10-03 | 2010-10-05 | 2862-8030 Quebec Inc. | Vehicle fleet security system |
| FR2910877B1 (fr) | 2006-12-28 | 2009-09-25 | Eurocopter France | Amelioration aux rotors de giravions equipes d'amortisseurs interpales |
| DE102007059299A1 (de) | 2007-05-16 | 2008-11-20 | Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Verarbeitung von zu entgasenden Produkten |
| US9481854B2 (en) | 2008-02-21 | 2016-11-01 | S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Cleaning composition that provides residual benefits |
| US9410111B2 (en) | 2008-02-21 | 2016-08-09 | S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Cleaning composition that provides residual benefits |
| US8993502B2 (en) | 2008-02-21 | 2015-03-31 | S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Cleaning composition having high self-adhesion to a vertical hard surface and providing residual benefits |
| US8980813B2 (en) | 2008-02-21 | 2015-03-17 | S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Cleaning composition having high self-adhesion on a vertical hard surface and providing residual benefits |
| US8143206B2 (en) * | 2008-02-21 | 2012-03-27 | S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Cleaning composition having high self-adhesion and providing residual benefits |
| US8143205B2 (en) * | 2008-02-21 | 2012-03-27 | S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Cleaning composition having high self-adhesion and providing residual benefits |
| JP2011513509A (ja) * | 2008-02-21 | 2011-04-28 | エス.シー. ジョンソン アンド サン、インコーポレイテッド | 残留による利益を提供する洗浄組成物 |
| DE102011112081A1 (de) | 2011-05-11 | 2015-08-20 | Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Verfahren zur Verarbeitung von Elasten |
| DE102011112080A1 (de) | 2011-09-03 | 2013-03-07 | Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Einarbeitung von Additiven und Füllstoffen in einem Planetwalzenextruder oder einem Planetwalzenextruderabschnitt |
| WO2014056553A1 (de) | 2012-10-11 | 2014-04-17 | Entex Gmbh Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Extruder zur verarbeitung von kunststoffen, die zum kleben neigen |
| DE102017001093A1 (de) | 2016-04-07 | 2017-10-26 | Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Entgasen bei der Extrusion von Kunststoffen mit Filterscheiben aus Sintermetall |
| DE102015001167A1 (de) | 2015-02-02 | 2016-08-04 | Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Entgasen bei der Extrusion von Kunststoffen |
| DE102015008406A1 (de) | 2015-07-02 | 2017-04-13 | Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Verfahren zur Bearbeitung von Produkten im Extruder |
| DE102016002143A1 (de) | 2016-02-25 | 2017-08-31 | Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Füllteilmodul in Planetwalzenextruderbauweise |
| DE102017004563A1 (de) | 2017-03-05 | 2018-09-06 | Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Entgasen beim Extrudieren von Polymeren |
| DE102017003681A1 (de) | 2017-04-17 | 2018-10-18 | Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Kühlen beim Extrudieren von Schmelze |
| DE102017005999A1 (de) | 2017-05-28 | 2018-11-29 | Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Herstellung von essbaren Wurstpellen aus Kollagen oder gleichartigen Stoffen durch Extrudieren |
| DE102017005998A1 (de) | 2017-06-23 | 2018-12-27 | Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Chemische Prozeßführung für fließfähiges Einsatzgut in einem Planetwalzenextruder |
| DE102017006638A1 (de) | 2017-07-13 | 2019-01-17 | Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Füllteilmodul in Planetwalzenextruderbauweise |
| DE102018001412A1 (de) | 2017-12-11 | 2019-06-13 | Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Entgasen beim Extrudieren von Stoffen, vorzugsweise von Kunststoffen |
| WO2019166125A1 (de) | 2018-02-28 | 2019-09-06 | Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung und verarbeitung von polymeren und polymermischungen in einem modular aufgebauten planetwalzenextruder |
| DE102020007239A1 (de) | 2020-04-07 | 2021-10-07 | E N T E X Rust & Mitschke GmbH | Kühlen beim Extrudieren von Schmelzen |
| EP3892441A1 (de) | 2020-04-07 | 2021-10-13 | Entex Rust & Mitschke GmbH | Nachrüstung für eine extruderanlage |
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1999
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-
2000
- 2000-12-15 WO PCT/EP2000/012809 patent/WO2001048133A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2000-12-15 US US10/168,594 patent/US20030022809A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-12-15 EP EP00990770A patent/EP1240289A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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| Title |
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| See references of WO0148133A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20030022809A1 (en) | 2003-01-30 |
| DE19962859A1 (de) | 2001-07-12 |
| WO2001048133A1 (de) | 2001-07-05 |
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