EP1138401B1 - Device for sorting, separating a fraction - Google Patents

Abstract

The device sorts fractions acc. to density and/or grain size, with a conveyor unit (3) of conveyor bars (4.1-4.6) driven via a crankshaft (2.1,2.2). The conveyor unit, esp. one conveyor bar, has at least one step (13), e.g. an overlapping step, esp. overhang (15). Each conveyor bar has an associated detachable element with passage apertures of variable size. Each bar consists of two or more parts, and a vertical web (12) between the first two parts to form the step.

Description

The present invention relates to a device for Sorting, subdivision, of a fraction from possibly different partial fractions of any kind according to density and / or grain size with at least one next to each other over at least one crankshaft mounted conveyor bar.

Such a device is, for example, in DE 28 03 684 C2 described. Over two crankshafts are individual, juxtaposed adjacent conveyor bars drivable against each other. Here are the total Conveyor rails arranged inclined and carry one Material flow to a discharge, taking this route smaller fractions through appropriate breakthroughs of pass through individual conveyor bars and transported away can be. Larger fractions roll from the Förderleisten down and od over conveyor belts. Like. Further transported.

Furthermore, from German Utility Model DE 299 04 262 U1 a sorting device, in which also different conveyor belts by means of two crankshafts are drivable. Here, drivers overlap the individual Conveyor rails, with corresponding breakthroughs in between are formed. A disadvantage of such Sorting devices is that in particular a Mix a shake up of the fraction to be sorted not enough.

It is known in such known in the art Devices not only for. Division of a partial mixture Parts of the same or similar materials in different sizes and different densities but also in particular for the recovery and Separation of individual components, from a mixed Fraction carried out. The mixtures can be made up of parts or fragments as well as different materials also of different size and / or density and / or Grain size such as wood, paper, metal, plastic, Rubber, building rubble od. Like. Exist. These mixtures will be directed to the corresponding devices.

Different mixtures are different Requirements, in particular the mixability concerns, demanded.

DE 28 03 684 A1 discloses a method and a Device for subdividing a mixture of parts or fragments of different materials and of different sizes in two or more fractions by means of a ballistic separator. The ballistic separator has several juxtaposed paddles, the are formed step-like.

GB 947 875 A describes a sieve made from lateral Traverses arranged in between and to each other spaced ridges is formed. Between the individual Webs are the openings formed. To continue the material to transport are at the upper edges of the flanks provided the spike teeth jagged teeth, the Promote material transport.

DE 11 612 782 describes an arrangement of sieve grids, wherein individual sieve grates are arranged one after the other. The individual sieves have different opening widths.

EP 0 710 509 A1 describes a sieve element which is hinged at one end and trapped at the other end is. In this case, this sieve is paragraph-like on the next sieve element.

DE 36 21 091 A1 describes a grate segment for Vibratory conveyor and vibrating conveyor, in particular for Cutting of molding material and castings, being within Grate bars a transfer height is formed.

US 2,479,945 discloses elements for sifting liquid materializing, wherein the sieve elements between clamps two trusses by means of end hook elements are.

The present invention is therefore the task based, a device of the type mentioned above create, which eliminates the disadvantages mentioned, with which in a simple and effective way separating and in particular mixing and loosening of to be separated Fractions should be improved.

To solve this problem leads that the at least one conveyor bar to loosen up and turning the fraction at least one overlapping and comprehensive paragraph with overhang.

Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject the dependent claims.

In the present invention are individual Conveyor rails as conveying elements with a paragraph provided, wherein from a single conveyor bar a first Part and a second part is formed, which Z-shaped or z-like at a distance. It also can a plurality of corresponding paragraphs in one be formed individual conveyor bar.

About this paragraph falls to the material to be separated Moving upwards through the corresponding movement individual juxtaposed conveyor bars on the Crankshaft, allowing the material over the heel to one second subsequent part of the conveyor bar falls.

Falling off this material loosens up the material and in particular rotated and can thereby significantly easier separated or in different sizes Fractions are separated.

This can be the individual Förderleisten as conveying elements such as. Perforated sheets with different passage openings, passage widths od. Like. Released are placed. About appropriate Quick change systems can be different Elements, in particular perforated plates for the different ones Replace material inserts quickly.

Also conceivable corresponding driver is the conveyor belts, in particular to set up their profiles, with a Passage width is fixable.

These sit firmly wiederlösbar and possibly displaceable individual profiles of the conveyor bars on.

Furthermore, has proved to be particularly advantageous in the present invention, the at least one paragraph with an overhang to allow the material over an edge of the overhang of a first part of the Conveyor bar must fall. This allows the material during Falling down turns better and thus better be separated. This is also important in the present invention.

Furthermore, it should also be thought of a plurality of corresponding paragraphs with overhangs in a conveyor bar use. Also has proved to be advantageous first part of the conveyor bar at different angles to train and to provide a kink, in the Area of the kink the charge of the to be separated Material flow takes place. Larger components roll in front area in front of the kink against the Conveyor from the conveyor belts and can to Further processing be removed. smaller Ingredients are transported on and the smallest Ingredients, which by the appropriate Passages fit, wandering through the conveyor to another conveyor and are separated.

The remaining constituents of the fractions fall over the overhang, especially over the edge, are turned and fall on a second part of the conveyor bar. There they are loosened, possibly smaller components fall through the passage openings of the conveyor belts and be transported away. The remaining part of the Fraction is discharged from the device and over Removed tape.

Figur 1 eine schematisch dargestellte Seitenansicht auf eine Vorrichtung zum Sortieren, Unterteilen einer Fraktion, insbesondere Ballistik-Separator;

Figur 2 eine Draufsicht auf eine Vorrichtung zur Sortierung, Unterteilung zumindest einer Fraktion mit einer Mehrzahl von nebeneinander angeordneten Förderleisten als Förderelementen;

Figur 3 eine schematisch dargestellte Seitenansicht auf ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Vorrichtung gemäss den Figuren 1 und 2;

Figur 4 eine schematisch dargestellte Seitenansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispieles einer Vorrichtung gemäss Figur 3;

Figuren 5 und 6 zeigen perspektivische Ansichten auf einen Teil einer Förderleiste als Förderelement zum Sortieren, insbesondere Unterteilen eines Werkstoffgemisches.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawing; this shows in

Figure 1 is a schematically illustrated side view of an apparatus for sorting, dividing a fraction, in particular ballistic separator;

Figure 2 is a plan view of a device for sorting, subdivision of at least one fraction with a plurality of juxtaposed conveyor strips as conveying elements;

FIG. 3 shows a diagrammatic side view of a further exemplary embodiment of the device according to FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 4 shows a schematically represented side view of a further exemplary embodiment of a device according to FIG. 3;

Figures 5 and 6 show perspective views of a part of a conveyor bar as a conveying element for sorting, in particular dividing a material mixture.

According to FIG. 1, an apparatus R ₁ according to the invention has a housing 1, in which a plurality of conveying elements 3, or contour strips 4.1 to 4.6, are arranged next to each other via crankshafts 2.1, 2.2, which are only indicated here.

At least one of the two crankshafts 2.1, 2.2 is how not shown here, driven.

Due to the different position of individual conveyor belts 4.1 to 4.6 on the crankshafts 2.1, 2.2 move the individual conveyor bars 4.1 to 4.6 to each other in different heights on a circular path, as it is, for example. DE 299 04 262 U1 is described.

Preferably, the individual conveyor bars 4.1 to 4.6 with interchangeable elements 5 which provide a plurality of Having passage openings 6.

The elements 6 can, for example, od over quick release. Like. On the conveying elements 3, or conveyor strips. 4 be set redeemably, this being different large passage openings 6 accordingly have to be separated material mixture.

Depending on the material or fraction, which sorted or can be divided, different elements 5 with different passage openings 6 the conveying elements 3 are assigned. Here the invention is not Limit set.

In particular, quick-change closures allow a quick replacement or even replacement of individual Elements 5, as shown, for example, in Figures 5 and 6 are. In this case, a single conveying element 3, or conveyor bar 4.1 to 4.6 from individual Profiles 7.1, 7.2 consist of appropriate struts 8 can be connected to each other.

These profiles 7.1, 7.2 can via a quick-change system the element 5 with selectable different Passage openings 6, what the opening width and especially the shape of the passages be assigned.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the Conveying element 3, as a conveyor bar 4.1 to 4.6 from two mutually parallel and spaced Profiles 7.1, 7.2 are formed, each end-side and here not shown in detail with the crankshaft 2.1, 2.2 in Connection stand.

The individual profiles 7.1, 7.2 are a plurality assigned by drivers 9, the right angles over the two profiles 7.1, 7.2 are arranged and between two adjacent drivers 9, the passage opening 6 form. It should also be thought of a distance between two adjacent drivers 9 to vary.

It has proven to be particularly advantageous the Trains 9 triangular form to the sorted To transport material. Preference is given to cross-section isosceles or equilateral triangle-like drivers 9 used.

The drivers 9 are in arbitrary intervals about the complete conveyor element 3, or over the Förderleisten 4.1 to 4.6 spaced apart arranged. These can be firm but also against each other slidably connected to the profiles 7.1, 7.2.

In . The embodiment of the present invention according to Figure 3, a device R ₂ is shown, in which in the manner described above, a plurality of conveying elements 3, or conveyor strips 4.1 to 4.6 are mounted side by side in the housing 1 on crankshafts 2.1, 2.2.

In each case, the individual conveyor bars 4.1 to 4.6 preferably in two parts from a first part 10.1 and formed a second part 10.2. The first part 10.1 of Conveyor bar 4.1 to 4.6 is an angle α of about 20 ° arranged up to 40 °.

Ending closes approximately perpendicular to a substrate 11 a web 12 projecting down to which a second Part 10.2 of the conveyor bar 4.1 to 4.6 at an angle β from about 20 ° to 40 °. The first part is 10.1 on the crankshaft 2.1 and the second part 10.2 at the Crankshaft 2.2 stored. In particular, through the training of the web 12 is a shoulder 13 is formed, which is a so-called cascade forms.

The angles α and β may be different, for example. the angle α can be greater than the angle β to advance coarse and heavy material in the direction of a conveyor belt 14 discharge.

Furthermore, in the present invention as proved particularly advantageous, an overhang 15th provided by the end part of the first part 10.1 of Förderleiste 4.1 to 4.6 an initial range of subsequent staggered part 10.2 overlaps.

Preferably, each of the conveyor belts 4.1 to 4.6 with provided at least one paragraph 13, wherein each one Overhang 15 is formed.

The overhang 15 has the particular task that the Material that falls over the overhang 15, in the fall of the part 10.1 via an edge 16 on the underlying Part 10.2 rolls on the edge 16 and falls down is rotated or circulated.

This rotation results in improved mixing, Loosening the material to be sorted, in particular the Value quantities. Would, for example, waived the overhang 15 be, so would the individual recyclable material along of the web 12 slide on the part 10.2, with no Rotation or no loosening done in this mass can.

In the embodiment of the present invention according to Figure 4, a device R ₃ is shown, which substantially corresponds to the embodiment according to FIG. It is different that the first part 10.1 of the conveyor bar 4.1 to 4.6 is inclined at different angles α and,, wherein a kink 17 is formed. Following the kink 17, the first part 10.1 of the conveyor bar 4.1 to 4.6 follows more flatly than in the area in front of it. The angle α is greater than the angle χ, formed from 17 kink.

The functioning of the present invention is based on the DE 28 03 684 and to the German Utility Model DE 299 04 262 U1.

There are similar Separiervorrichtungen or ballistic separators described the functioning in the show significant. Here is only on the significant differences.

In particular, in the embodiment of the present invention Invention according to Figure 3 is via a conveyor belt 18 the to be sorted or separated fraction of any Recycled material, be it paper, is plastic from the Dual system, be it household waste od. Like. Charged or in the first part 10.1 of the conveyor bar 4.1 to 4.6 preferably fed from above.

By the individual arranged side by side Conveying elements 3, or conveyor strips 4.1 to 4.6, which are driven against each other via the crankshaft 2.1, 2.2 are, the faction is moved and circulated and up transported.

By the inclined arranged conveyor strips 4.1 to 4.6, in particular, the inclined parts 10.1 become larger Fractions not by the appropriate Passage openings 6 of the conveyor strips 4.1 to 4.6 fit discharged via the conveyor belt 14. These roll on the first part 10.1.

Those fractions or partial mixtures, which by the Passage openings 6 will fall to one underlying conveyor 19 discharged as they is indicated in Figures 3 and 4.

The remaining fraction will be replaced by the continuous movement of individual conveyor belts 4.1 bis 4.6 passed through paragraph 13, is rotated there, mixed again and from there on the second Part 10.2 transported to a band 20. This faction will be forwarded for further processing.

Important in the present invention is also that in particular a paragraph 13 the material over the overhang 15, in particular falls over the edge 16 down and this is turned and loosened up.

It can laterally in the region of the overhang 15 endseits the conveyor bar 4.1 to 4.6, in particular the first part 10.1 be surrounded by a guide strip 21. This also serves the stability of the overhang 15 and prevents a pinching of material adjacent conveyor belts 4.1 to 4.6, when they move up and down against each other.

In the embodiment according to FIG Conveyor belt 8 to be sorted material flow in the Area of the kink 17 discharged or there the Conveying elements 3, in particular the individual conveyor bars 4.1 to 4.6 supplied. Rough, not detachable Components roll over the front area of the Förderleiste 4.1 to 4.6 of the part 10.1 and are about the conveyor belt 14 discharged.

The remaining smaller fractions are separated by the corresponding passage openings 6 not shown here on the underlying conveyor 19 and the other fractions transported on the paragraph 13, wherein a rotation and a further mixing of the fraction takes place. On the second part 10.2 of the conveyor bar 4.1 to 4.6 correspondingly small fractions are separated by the passage openings 6 on the conveyor 19, the remaining fractions are discharged from the device R ₁ to R ₃ on the belt 20 and forwarded for further processing.

Claims (11)

1. Apparatus for the sorting, the dividing-up, of a fraction, which is possibly formed from different partial fractions of any type, according to density and/or particle size, said apparatus having at least one feed bar (4.1 to 4.6), which are mounted adjacent one another above at least one crankshaft (2.1, 2.2), characterised in that the at least one feed bar (4.1 to 4.6) has at least one overlapping and over-engaging shoulder portion (13) with an overhang (15) for loosening and rotating the fraction.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that at least one element (5), having selectable through-apertures (6), is interchangeably associated with the at least one feed bar (4.1 to 4.6).
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the feed bars (4.1 to 4.6) are configured in two or more parts.
4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterised in that a first part (10.1) of the feed bar (4.1 to 4.6) overlaps a second part (10.2) of the feed bar (4.1 to 4.6), the first part (10.1) being disposed at a spacing from the second part (10.2).
5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterised in that, between the first and second parts (10.1, 10.2) of the feed bar (4.1 to 4.6), a substantially vertical web (12) is provided to form the shoulder portion (13).
6. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that an end region of the first part (10.1) overlaps an initial region of the second part (10.2) of the feed bar (4.1 to 4.6), it more especially engaging thereover by means of the overhang (15).
7. Apparatus according to at least one of claims 4 to 6, characterised in that the first part (10.1) of the feed bar (4.1 to 4.6) is inclined at different angles (±, Ç) and has a bend (17).
8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterised in that a loading is effected on the feed bars (4.1 to 4.6) in the region of the bend (17).
9. Apparatus according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the feed bar (4.1 to 4.6) is formed from two profiles (7.1, 7.2), which extend parallel to each other, and on which are re-releasably securable a plurality of entrainment means (9).
10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterised in that the entrainment means (9) have a triangular, equal-sided or equilateral configuration and engage transversely over the respective adjacent profiles (7.1, 7.2).
11. Apparatus according to at least one of claims 7 to 10, characterised in that the angle (±) is greater than the angle (Ç), an angle (²) of the second part lying between (±) and (Ç).

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