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EP1161711B1 - Systeme de chauffage et son mode de fonctionnement - Google Patents

Systeme de chauffage et son mode de fonctionnement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1161711B1
EP1161711B1 EP00909063A EP00909063A EP1161711B1 EP 1161711 B1 EP1161711 B1 EP 1161711B1 EP 00909063 A EP00909063 A EP 00909063A EP 00909063 A EP00909063 A EP 00909063A EP 1161711 B1 EP1161711 B1 EP 1161711B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature
frequency
valve
loop
determined
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00909063A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1161711A2 (fr
Inventor
Poul Erik Hansen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Danfoss AS
Original Assignee
Danfoss AS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Danfoss AS filed Critical Danfoss AS
Publication of EP1161711A2 publication Critical patent/EP1161711A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1161711B1 publication Critical patent/EP1161711B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1066—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water
    • F24D19/1069—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water regulation in function of the temperature of the domestic hot water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0078—Recirculation systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heating system with a Storage vessel with inlet and outlet for a heated fluid and a feed arrangement for a heat transfer fluid a feed line in which a valve is arranged, a temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the heated Fluids determined and a control loop that the valve depending on a deviation in temperature operated by a default value.
  • the invention further relates to a method for operating a heating system, at which the temperature of a heated fluid is determined and depending on a deviation of this Temperature from a preset value the supply of a heat transfer fluid with the help of a valve in a control loop is controlled.
  • the invention is based on a system for Provision of hot domestic water described. she is also applicable to other heating systems those using the fluid radiator or underfloor heating should be supplied.
  • An example of a The heating system, which even fulfills both purposes, is off DE 41 42 547 A1 known. From this revelation goes the present invention.
  • a control of the circulation pump in heating systems is from DE 24 52 515 A1 known. A similar principle is also used here out.
  • the heat transfer fluid does not necessarily have to be water. It can also be heated air, the one Dining room or a room arrangement.
  • the heated fluid gets its heat from the heat transfer fluid.
  • the heat transfer fluid can be one Flow through the heat exchanger on the other side the heated fluid is arranged. It is also possible that the heat transfer fluid directly from a Heating source, for example a burner, is heated, and then mixed with the heated fluid.
  • the temperature of the heated fluid does not necessarily have to be either be determined in the storage vessel. It is also possible, this temperature in the supply line from the storage vessel to determine the actual heating circuit. In extreme cases, the storage vessel itself can be relative be small or even by the heating system itself be formed.
  • the invention has for its object a quick Response of the heating system with a low mechanical Achieve load.
  • This task is the beginning of a heating system mentioned type in that the control loop has a cutoff frequency detector that vibrates detects in temperature and a loop gain of the control loop when the frequency is too high if the frequency is too low.
  • the cutoff frequency detector preferably has Threshold element and sets the frequency taking into account of the output of the threshold element firmly. In other words, only such vibrations determined when determining the frequency, its amplitude is greater than the threshold. So you generate around a default corridor in which any Vibrations can take place without this one Influence the frequency that the cutoff frequency detector determined. The cut-off frequency detector therefore provides only such vibrations stuck out of this corridor come out.
  • the cutoff frequency detector advantageously determines the vibration in temperature indirectly from actuation signals or from movements of the valve.
  • the control loop should only operate the valve if it in other words, if the temperature is necessary deviates from the default value by a predetermined amount. If such a deviation took place then this difference is already available. It then manifests itself in the movement of the valve or, which is easier to determine in a signal that the Triggers movement of the valve. So you use in the control loop available information anyway.
  • the task is in a method of the aforementioned Art solved in that a frequency of Vibrations of the temperature is determined and the Loop gain is reduced when the frequency is too large, and is raised if the Frequency is small enough.
  • the frequency is only from such deviations is determined that a predetermined Exceed the difference to the default value. It a corridor is created around the default value, in which vibrations are permitted at any frequency become. These vibrations have no effect excessive stress on the actuators because the the actuating movements occurring here are very small. Also for a potential user, the warm water there are vibrations within this corridor hardly noticeable and therefore acceptable.
  • the frequency is preferably determined indirectly on the basis of movements of the valve and / or control signals for the Valve detected.
  • the control signals or those from them following movements of the valve are an immediate consequence of deviations in temperature from the specified value.
  • the Information about the deviation is therefore available and is expressed in relatively easy to detect signals. These can then be done with relatively little effort be evaluated.
  • the number of changes of direction is advantageous the valve movement determined in a predetermined period and the loop gain is reduced, if the number exceeds a maximum value. you the frequency can then be determined simply by counting restrict, of course the counting in one predetermined period must be done. If you have this predetermined period of time, for example, 5 minutes then you can use a predefined number of, for example Allow 3 to 10 changes of direction of the valve, without recognizing instability. If there have been more changes of direction than planned, then the system is considered unstable and the loop gain reduced.
  • the count at each exceeding is canceled and the period starts over. You can reach one even faster stable condition. The more unstable the system, the more the frequency is higher, i.e. the more often it changes Valve its direction of movement. If you already have then make a correction if the criterion is met then you don't have to wait for the entire period to make a correction. This reduces the load on the mechanical components and allows you to reach a much faster stable condition.
  • the frequency is small enough the loop gain is increased and the default value changed. So you not only increase the loop gain, but you change the default value to determine whether the system, i.e. the control loop, then starts to vibrate. With a non-vibrating one System would also increase the loop gain not yet automatically to a vibration lead so that one is not sure whether the loop gain fits. With the change of the default value but you create a jump that contains the information you want supplies.
  • the loop gain depending on the load on the system is specified. This is a further possibility to the control system or the one in it moving parts before loading due to frequent movement to protect. If the need of the facility is small is, e.g. only a little warm water is drawn, then you can get by with a small controller gain. A quick reaction is also not necessary. The same also applies if, for example, during a night setback most radiator valves in a heating system are throttled so that little heat is "consumed” or is discharged. However, if there is a need occurs, for example, warm water is removed or the radiator valves are turned on, then a quick response from the system is required. In this Case you can on a higher loop gain switch. In this case, where as an additional The criterion used can be part of the Skip iterative procedure with several levels.
  • the load on the system over the Heated fluid temperature determined.
  • This approach is fast enough and does not require any additional Components. If the system is loaded, for example by taking warm water, then the temperature in the storage vessel drops due to the supply a corresponding amount of cold water relative quickly. Accordingly, you can use the loop gain Set up relatively quickly without the danger there is an immediate vibration. If it vibrates after a certain time comes, one can assume that the burden of System is now finished and you can go back to the Jump back to "idle" value of loop gain.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a heating system 1 for provision of hot domestic water that flows through Taps 2 or other taps can be removed can.
  • the taps 2 hang on a ring line 3 with a flow line 4 and a return line 5, with a storage vessel 6, for example a boiler, are connected.
  • a circulation pump 7 arranged, which ensures that warm Water without significant delays in the taps 2 is available.
  • the storage vessel 6 is designed as a heat exchanger, on the primary side 8 a supply line 9 and a drain line 10 for a heat transfer fluid or, more generally, a heat transfer fluid are.
  • the heat transfer fluid can be water act that is already started by a boiler becomes. But it can also be a liquid act in a district heating system for heat transfer is used. The specific design of the Heating the heat transfer fluid does not play a major role Role.
  • a valve 11 is arranged in the supply line 9, that opened or closed with the help of a motor 12 can be.
  • the motor 12 is for example designed as a stepper motor, so that different opening positions of the valve 11 can be adjusted.
  • a temperature sensor 13 is arranged on the flow line 4, which is the temperature of the warm water in the Flow line 4 determined.
  • the temperature sensor 13 is connected to a control device 14, which in turn controls the motor 12.
  • the control device 14 has an input 15 for specifying a default value for the temperature in the storage vessel 6. This default value is also referred to as the "setpoint".
  • FIG. 2 The detailed structure of the control device 14 is shown in FIG. 2 shown schematically.
  • the inputs and outputs of the Control device 14 are with the reference numerals of the elements provided with which the control device 14 in Fig. 1 is connected.
  • the control device 14 initially has a differential amplifier 23 on which the specified value exceeds input 15 and the actual temperature value from the temperature sensor 13 is supplied. In dependence of the difference between these two values becomes a corresponding adjustment signal for the motor 12 is generated. However, the static gain of this differential amplifier is 23 changeable.
  • a cut-off frequency detector 19 is used. The cutoff frequency detector 19 initially receives the same signals, which the engine 12 also receives. It also receives the actual temperature and the target temperature. These signals or Values are fed to a processing device 20 which, as explained below, are below predetermined Conditions generated an impulse and under other has a threshold. The impulses will be fed to a counter 21.
  • the counter 21 is connected with a timer 22, the counter 21 the Indicates the beginning and end of a predetermined period.
  • the output of counter 21 is with a reset input of the timer 22 connected.
  • the Output of the counter 21 with the differential amplifier 23 connected, more precisely to an entrance at which the Gain factor, i.e. the static gain, can be adjusted.
  • control circuit 18 The operation of the control circuit 18 is now to be based on 3 are described.
  • FIG. 3a shows a curve T ist , that is , the course of the temperature in the flow line 4.
  • the default value T SET ie the setpoint of the temperature
  • T SET is shown in broken lines.
  • Nz is shown on both sides of the setpoint T SET .
  • the differential amplifier 23 generates pulses for actuating the motor 12 at predetermined time intervals, which are shown in FIG. 3b.
  • the motor is operated in one direction (on +). If the situation is reversed, the motor is operated in the other direction (on-).
  • This representation is of course only an example. Other ways of adjusting the valve 11 are of course also possible.
  • the individual pulses which are shown in FIG. 3b, a course of adjustment derived, which in Fig. 3c is shown.
  • 3d now represents the initial value of the counter 21, which with every change of direction the value 1 is increased.
  • the timer 22 now gives one predetermined time period before, which is entered in Fig. 3a is.
  • the time periods Z1, Z2, Z3 are initially basically all the same length.
  • the loop gain V corresponds to the reciprocal of the static gain Xp of the differential amplifier 23.
  • the cutoff frequency detector 19 is started. If the cut-off frequency detector detects instability, for example a number of 3 or more changes in direction within a counting period Z1, Z2,... Zn, then the static gain Xp is increased once more, as described above. If the count of the direction changes does not reach the critical value, it is assumed that a stable state has been reached and this static gain is maintained.
  • the process is divided into two phases.
  • the first phase it is determined whether "critical" Vibrations are present and at the exit of the The first phase is the loop gain accordingly changed the result.
  • the second phase there is a Monitoring stability.
  • Fig. 4 shows the procedure for increasing the loop gain.
  • ⁇ can be the same value as ⁇ , but it will usually be a different value.
  • T SET T SET + ⁇ sp.
  • the change in the setpoint T SET causes a jump that should trigger an oscillation. Without such an oscillation, instability could not be determined even by changing the loop gain V.
  • a delay time ⁇ t is waited for. Then the cut-off frequency detector 19 is started. If and as long as the limit frequency detector determines a stable behavior of the control circuit 18, this procedure is repeated, ie the loop gain V is increased.
  • the loop gain V will be so great that the control loop 18 starts to oscillate. This is the case in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 4 at time t3.
  • the value of the loop gain V is thus reset to the value that allowed the last stable state.
  • Fig. 5 shows another way how to Loop gain V can change. So that can implement a system protection function in which one at small loads near idle also vibrations can avoid.
  • This protective function is to stabilize the heating system 1 and to optimize depending on the load the plant.
  • the high loop gain V which in Fig. 5 as V1 is the normal load Heating system 1 in operation.
  • This loop reinforcement V1 can, for example, by the one described above automatic adjustment procedure has been found. Means not shown in detail can be provided to save this gain factor.
  • the small loop gain V2 will idle used.
  • the cut-off frequency detector 19 is now used for the determination used when consumption has ended. In this Case leads to the high loop gain V1 a vibration with too large an amplitude and too large Frequency. So if after a previous upgrade such a vibration of the loop gain is recognized, the gain from the high Value V1 switched to the lower value V2, after which the system stabilizes again.
  • the change in temperature that occurs during the change is used to determine the change from idling to consumption. This is the case, for example, at time t2 in FIG. 5.
  • the removal takes place between times t2 and t3.
  • a load in the present case a water withdrawal, is determined when the actual temperature falls by a value Dz below the target temperature T SET .
  • the loop gain is increased to the value V1. This gives the controller the necessary speed for normal consumption.
  • the removal is complete at time t3. Since the loop gain is too high, an oscillation now takes place in the counting period Z2. This is recognized by the cutoff frequency detector and the loop gain is reset to the value V2 at time t4.
  • the loop gain V2 in turn may have been found by a corresponding iteration when increasing the loop gain.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Temperature (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Control Of High-Frequency Heating Circuits (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Système de chauffage comportant un récipient de stockage avec une amenée et une évacuation pour un fluide chauffé et un dispositif d'alimentation pour un fluide caloporteur avec une conduite d'alimentation, dans laquelle sont disposés une soupape, un capteur de température, qui détermine la température du fluide chauffé, et un circuit de régulation, qui actionne la soupape en fonction d'un écart de la température par rapport à une valeur pré-établie, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de circulation (18) présente un détecteur de fréquence limite (19) qui détermine les oscillations dans la température (Tist) et, lors d'une fréquence élevée, diminue une amplification de boucle (V) du circuit de régulation (18) et, pour une petite fréquence, diminue celle-ci.
  2. Système selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le détecteur de fréquence limite (19) présente un élément de valeur seuil (20) et détermine la fréquence en tenant compte de la sortie de l'élément de valeur seuil (20).
  3. Système selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le détecteur de fréquence limite (19) détermine l'oscillation dans la température (Tist) indirectement à partir des signaux d'actionnement ou à partir des mouvements de la soupape (11).
  4. Système selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le détecteur de fréquence limite (19) présente un compteur de changement de direction (21), un comparateur et un élément de temporisation (22).
  5. Procédé pour le fonctionnement d'un système de chauffage, dans lequel la température d'un fluide chauffé est déterminée et, en fonction d'un écart de cette température par rapport à une valeur prédonnée, commande l'amenée d'un fluide caloporteur à l'aide d'une soupape dans un circuit de régulation, caractérisé en ce qu'une fréquence d'oscillations de la température est déterminée et l'amplification de boucle est réduite lorsque la fréquence est trop importante et elle est augmentée lorsque la fréquence est suffisamment petite.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la fréquence est déterminée uniquement à partir des écarts qui dépassent une différence prédéterminée par rapport à une valeur pré-établie.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que la fréquence est déterminée indirectement sur la base des mouvements de la soupape et/ou des signaux de pilotage pour la soupape.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le nombre de changements de direction du mouvement de soupape est déterminé dans un espace de temps prédéterminé et l'amplification de boucle est diminuée lorsque le nombre dépasse une valeur maximum.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le comptage est interrompu pour chaque dépassement et l'intervalle de temps repart à zéro.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé en ce que, lorsque la fréquence est suffisamment faible, l'amplification de boucle est alors augmentée et la valeur pré-établie est modifiée.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 5 à 10, caractérisé en ce que lorsque, après une augmentation de l'amplification de boucle la fréquence est trop élevée, on réutilise alors la valeur employée avant l'augmentation de l'amplification de boucle.
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 5 à 11, caractérisé en ce que l'amplification de boucle est prédéfinie en fonction de la charge du système.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que la charge de l'installation est déterminée par le biais de la température du fluide chauffé.
EP00909063A 1999-03-15 2000-03-10 Systeme de chauffage et son mode de fonctionnement Expired - Lifetime EP1161711B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19911237 1999-03-15
DE19911237A DE19911237C2 (de) 1999-03-15 1999-03-15 Heizungsanlage und Verfahren zu ihrem Betrieb
PCT/DK2000/000098 WO2000055545A2 (fr) 1999-03-15 2000-03-10 Systeme de chauffage et son mode de fonctionnement

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1161711A2 EP1161711A2 (fr) 2001-12-12
EP1161711B1 true EP1161711B1 (fr) 2002-07-24

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00909063A Expired - Lifetime EP1161711B1 (fr) 1999-03-15 2000-03-10 Systeme de chauffage et son mode de fonctionnement

Country Status (15)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1161711B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE221220T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU3147300A (fr)
BG (1) BG105819A (fr)
CZ (1) CZ20013296A3 (fr)
DE (2) DE19911237C2 (fr)
DK (1) DK1161711T3 (fr)
EE (1) EE200100427A (fr)
HU (1) HUP0200360A2 (fr)
PL (1) PL194443B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2240592C2 (fr)
SK (1) SK12752001A3 (fr)
UA (1) UA57871C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000055545A2 (fr)
YU (1) YU60901A (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3371058A1 (fr) * 2015-11-06 2018-09-12 BAE Systems PLC Système de commande environnementale d'aéronef
US10890351B2 (en) 2016-11-22 2021-01-12 Belimo Holding Ag Hydronic system and method for operating such hydronic system
DE102022100341A1 (de) 2022-01-10 2023-07-13 Vaillant Gmbh Heizgerät, Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Heizgerätes, Computerprogrammprodukt, Regel- und Steuergerät und Verwendung eines Schrittmotorventils

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2452515A1 (de) * 1974-11-06 1976-05-13 Burger Eisenwerke Ag Steuerung der umwaelzpumpe in heizungsanlagen
DE4142547C2 (de) * 1991-12-21 1993-11-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Heizgerät für Raumheizung und Brauchwasserbereitung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2240592C2 (ru) 2004-11-20
ATE221220T1 (de) 2002-08-15
HUP0200360A2 (en) 2002-05-29
PL350239A1 (en) 2002-11-18
BG105819A (en) 2002-08-30
DK1161711T3 (da) 2002-09-16
PL194443B1 (pl) 2007-06-29
DE19911237A1 (de) 2000-10-19
YU60901A (sh) 2003-04-30
EE200100427A (et) 2002-12-16
CZ20013296A3 (cs) 2002-04-17
DE50000314D1 (de) 2002-08-29
EP1161711A2 (fr) 2001-12-12
WO2000055545A2 (fr) 2000-09-21
SK12752001A3 (sk) 2002-01-07
UA57871C2 (uk) 2003-07-15
AU3147300A (en) 2000-10-04
WO2000055545A3 (fr) 2000-12-28
DE19911237C2 (de) 2001-02-08

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