EP1161595B1 - Method for operating a machine for producing and/or improving material webs - Google Patents
Method for operating a machine for producing and/or improving material webs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1161595B1 EP1161595B1 EP00910822A EP00910822A EP1161595B1 EP 1161595 B1 EP1161595 B1 EP 1161595B1 EP 00910822 A EP00910822 A EP 00910822A EP 00910822 A EP00910822 A EP 00910822A EP 1161595 B1 EP1161595 B1 EP 1161595B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- process data
- measuring
- machine
- drying
- section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 125
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012351 Integrated analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001028 reflection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004171 remote diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013024 troubleshooting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
- D21G9/00—Other accessories for paper-making machines
- D21G9/0009—Paper-making control systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
- F26B13/10—Arrangements for feeding, heating or supporting materials; Controlling movement, tension or position of materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/22—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S162/00—Paper making and fiber liberation
- Y10S162/09—Uses for paper making sludge
- Y10S162/10—Computer control of paper making variables
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating a machine for producing and / or finishing webs of material, in particular paper webs, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention also relates to a measuring system specified in the preamble of claim 27 for carrying out such a method.
- a method and a measuring system of this kind are known from US-A-5,377,428 known.
- Such machines for example paper machines, consist of a multiplicity of different machine sections, of which at least some are subdivided into a plurality of different sections.
- Each section of the machine or section affects the quality of the finished product, such as a paper web.
- In the manufacturing process can be intervened by appropriate control or regulation of each machine section or subsection forming machine components.
- the large number of setting options makes it difficult to determine the influence of changes that are made on individual machine components, on the functioning of the respective machine section or subsection or on the quality of the finished product.
- Known paper machine includes, inter alia, a main dryer section, a size press, a post-dryer section and a calender.
- a temperature profile of the paper web is measured, on the one hand a high web temperature and on the other a low web temperature is measured. While the low web temperature at the beginning of the main dryer section is measured, the high web temperature is measured after this main dryer section and before the size press.
- Two displays show the steam energy consumption of the main dryer section or the after-dryer section. Basis weight, moisture and thickness of the web are measured only after the calender.
- the DE-A-39 01 378 is exclusively concerned with a coating drying, wherein a respective coating of the web takes place behind the drying section of the relevant paper machine. This process data is stored in a database.
- the US-A-4,614,044 is concerned with optimizing the thermal treatment of fabrics in tensioning, drying and fixing machines.
- the web is supplied with hot air whose temperature is measured for process monitoring.
- At one of the GB-A-1 266 221 known paper machine are provided in the dryer section for process data acquisition several temperature sensors with which the temperatures are measured within steam dryers.
- the invention makes it possible to obtain a large amount of information about the manufacturing process, at least with regard to the respective machine section. This results in a much more accurate picture of the process or process section, which allows a better understanding of the influence of individual machine components on the manufacturing process in a complex machine such as a paper machine.
- the provision of a plurality of successively arranged measuring ranges, which may each comprise a plurality of individual measuring points, makes it possible to obtain information about those locations of the machine which are traversed by the material web in succession.
- the time course of the drying and thus the influence of the individual components of the dryer section on the paper web can be examined in detail.
- the joint evaluation of the process data recorded at the individual measurement areas arranged one behind the other enables an integrated view of all measurements and thus ensures a better understanding of the respective machine section.
- individual points on the material web By taking account of the web or process speed, it is possible according to the invention for individual points on the material web to be traced on their way through the respective machine section.
- the time course of each measured variable can be determined with high accuracy.
- Provision of a large number of measuring ranges arranged one behind the other and / or interpolation between the individual process data obtained at measuring areas spaced apart in the process direction can thus yield continuous or quasi-continuous longitudinal profiles of the respective measured quantity.
- the process data determined according to the invention can be used to form and / or optimize mathematical models describing at least the respective machine section.
- the respective measured variable is obtained spatially resolved in the process direction due to the measuring ranges arranged one behind the other, malfunctions, for example due to defective machine components, eg a drying cylinder, can be precisely localized. This allows for much faster troubleshooting.
- the process data acquisition takes place at least substantially simultaneously with respect to at least some measuring ranges.
- the process data acquisition takes place in the region of subsections in which machine settings can be changed in particular by controlling and / or regulating machine components.
- a measuring area or a measuring point can be provided directly in the process direction behind a drying cylinder or a group of dry cylinders, so that the influence of changes in the settings of the drying cylinder or of the process data can be read and therefore immediately recognizable.
- the relevant machine section or partial section can be set optimally in the shortest possible time. It is also possible to provide a measuring area or a measuring point immediately before the respective machine or subsection or a specific machine component in order to include in the assessment of the section examined in each case the conditions prevailing immediately before this section.
- process data are detected over a plurality of different measured variables.
- the mode of operation of the respective machine section or sub-section can be represented in more detail by the obtained process data, so that - if necessary - can be intervened in the manufacturing process in even more differentiated manner.
- the data acquisition also takes place of the different measured quantities at least substantially simultaneously in order to be able to obtain a fast and accurate overall picture of the machine with regard to the section (s) examined.
- process data about such measured variables are detected, which relate to the machine, the material web and the environment.
- At least all the essential quantities by which the quality of the finished product can be influenced in any way can be subjected to integrated analysis and evaluation by the joint evaluation of the process data in order to be able to adjust the machine so that it optimally adapts to the respective prevailing conditions or with respect to the respective desired properties of the material web is set.
- a measured quantity can relate to a characteristic paper characteristic of a paper web, for example the moisture, the temperature, the basis weight, the thickness, different surface properties, the shrinkage behavior, the air permeability, the paper elongation, the breaking length, the breaking load, the tensile strength, the fiber orientation or the color.
- damage or a tear of the paper web can be detected.
- a measured quantity may relate to a characteristic value of a dryer section, for example a surface property of a drying cylinder or a roller. This comes, for example, the surface temperature of the cylinder or the roller in question.
- the measured variable may also relate to a characteristic value of a steam and / or condensate system of a dryer section in a paper machine.
- a measured variable may relate to a characteristic value of the air, for example its temperature or humidity, or an air flow, for example its direction or speed, in the region of the respectively examined machine or subsection.
- the process data are detected at least substantially continuously.
- each measuring range the measurements are carried out with at least one measuring device, which is mounted either directly on the machine or on a machine-mounted frame or carrier.
- this can be movable relative to the machine or the frame or carrier.
- the measuring device may, for example, be linearly movable or generally have a plurality of respective degrees of freedom of movement corresponding to a respective linear or rotary movement, in order to be assigned in one of them Measuring range to be able to acquire process data via several individual measuring points.
- the continuous or continuous data acquisition allows continuous control and / or regulation of machine components in dependence on the process data, whereby individual machine components can also be acted upon independently of each other.
- the process data can be fed to an evaluation unit, which monitors the production process and if necessary acts on the machine components.
- Such an on-line influencing of the machine or of the production process makes it possible to react immediately to unforeseen changes or intended changes between different types of process, for example to carry out grade changes in paper machines, by appropriate control or regulation of the respective machine components.
- the invention allows, in particular, rapid variety changes.
- the data acquisition can also take place at regular or irregular intervals, for example, to carry out routine checks of the entire machine or individual machine sections or subsections. It is also possible to carry out a data acquisition only if faults occur at the machine in order to localize the interference source, for example by detecting the process data at measuring areas or measuring points arranged one behind the other in the process direction.
- at least one mobile measuring device can be provided which is successively installed at the individual measuring ranges or points for carrying out the method according to the invention. It is also possible in principle, with several such mobile measuring devices to examine the machine, the web and / or the environment at all measuring points or measuring ranges simultaneously.
- the process data are stored in a process database.
- process databases can be accessed from the outside, for example, via the Internet, thereby enabling, for example, remote diagnostics by the machine manufacturer.
- remote control of the machine or manufacturing process can be done from any location.
- the process data are detected in a reflection measuring method.
- a reflection measuring method it is not necessary to use transmission methods for carrying out measurements on the material web, which require a free movement of the material web, so that transmitter and receiver can be arranged on different sides of the material web.
- Measurements in the reflection method in which the transmitter and receiver are arranged on the same side of the track, do not require free trains and can therefore also be carried out at very high web speeds, in which free trains are no longer feasible.
- the process data relating to the material web can each be detected in an area where the material web guided or supported, in particular by a drying wire, a roller or a cylinder.
- the invention makes it possible to control and / or regulate the longitudinal profile and / or the drying course of the material web. This can be done by controlling the heating curve of the dryer section and / or the individual dryer groups, dryer and / or humidifier. This regulation can be made in one or more subsections. The regulation preferably takes place continuously.
- a preferred application of the invention are moisture measurements along the dryer section. Based on the measured moisture of the web, i. By measuring the moisture content of the railway, its moisture cross-section, its moisture longitudinal profile and / or its course of drying can be regulated. This can be done for example by controlling the heating curve of the dryer section and / or by controlling the individual dryer groups, dryer and / or humidifier.
- the measuring system comprises at least one measuring device, which is designed to detect process data at a plurality of measuring points and for this purpose at least two each of a rotary movement or a linear movement has corresponding degrees of freedom or is rotatable about an axis.
- process data can be detected at a plurality of measuring points in a short time.
- the measuring device for measuring transverse profiles of the respective measured variable is movable approximately perpendicular to the web running, machine or process direction, a plurality of transverse profiles and longitudinal profiles of the respective measured variable can be obtained simultaneously by providing a plurality of such measuring devices in the process direction.
- the drying section 10 and the finishing section 22 each comprise a plurality of sections 14, which are symbolized by squares.
- the sections 14 may be, for example, individual drying cylinders, groups of drying cylinders or generally different drying systems.
- individual measuring areas 12 are indicated in the figure, at each of which at least one measuring device (not shown) receives process data on at least one measured variable.
- a measuring device is provided in each measuring area 12, which has a plurality of degrees of freedom and in particular in at least one longitudinal direction, for example, the machine direction, the transverse direction or the vertical direction, movable and pivotable or rotatable about a hinge in at least one plane.
- a measuring range 12 can be covered with a single measuring device, in which the paper web, a machine component and the environment can be examined at a plurality of individual measuring points.
- the three first measuring regions 12 and the fifth and seventh measuring regions 12 are arranged below the respective partial section 14 or the respective machine components of the drying section 10 in the process direction P.
- the fourth and the last measuring area 12 are each located within a portion 14 of the dryer section 10 and can be achieved, for example, with a measuring device which is attached to the free end of a projecting into the drying section 10, for example, in the space between individual tellzylindem carrier.
- the sixth measuring range 12 in the process direction P is located above the drying section 10, wherein the measuring device provided for carrying out the measurements on this measuring range 12 may be mounted, for example, on a support or frame extending over the drying section 10 in the manner of a hall crane.
- Each measuring device comprises at least one measuring head, which is designed to detect data relating to a measured quantity.
- the measurement can be performed either on the paper machine, the paper web or in the environment.
- some of the measurement areas 12 provided one behind the other in the process direction P can each be provided for measuring the same measured variable, for example the moisture content of the paper web, in order to determine a longitudinal profile of this measured quantity.
- different measured variables can be measured at each measuring region 12, either with the aid of a plurality of different measuring devices or a plurality of differently designed measuring heads, which are combined to form a unit or measuring device. In this way, 12 measurements on the paper web, the paper machine and the environment can be made at each measuring range.
- finishing section 22 in which two measuring areas 12 are provided in the embodiment shown, wherein the first measuring range 12 is arranged below the finishing section 22 in the process direction P and the second measuring area 12 is located within the rear of two sections 14.
- the measuring regions 12 below and above the drying section 10 and the finishing section 22 are located either in the process direction P either directly in front of or behind a section 14.
- the process data are fed to a common detection unit 18, which communicates with the measuring devices arranged in the measuring areas 12.
- the process data is transmitted to a common evaluation unit 16, as indicated in the figure by the arrow T.
- the evaluation unit 16 there is a joint evaluation of the process data, in which additional process parameters such as the process speed can be taken to a picture of the state of the dryer section 10 and the finishing section 22 and of their by the integrated consideration of the process data and possibly the additional data To get influence on the paper web and thus on the manufacturing process.
- the detection and evaluation of the process data preferably takes place continuously in order to enable a continuous monitoring and evaluation of the paper machine or of its drying section 10 and finishing section 22.
- the evaluation unit 16 can be provided with a computer on which software for modeling the production process or the processes running in the drying section 10 and the finishing section 22 is installed.
- the process data reflecting the actual conditions on the paper machine can be used to verify and optimize such models. In particular, when the machine is controlled on the basis of such models, the checking and adaptation of the models takes place on-line, depending on the actual process data To influence the machine taking into account the process data.
- control unit 16 On the basis of the acquired process data and / or the output data of process models, the control unit 16 optionally controls and / or regulates individual machine components in the dryer section 10 and the finishing section 22, as indicated by the arrow R in the figure. In principle, machine components can also be applied to other sections of the paper machine via the evaluation unit 16, where no data arriving in the integrated view is detected.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Maschine zur Herstellung und/oder Veredelung von Materialbahnen, insbesondere Papierbahnen, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem ein Meßsystem der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 27 angegebenen Art zur Durchführung eines derartigen Verfahrens. Ein Verfahren und ein Meßsystem dieser Art sind aus der
Derartige Maschinen, beispielsweise Papiermaschinen, bestehen aus einer Vielzahl von unterschiedlichen Maschinenabschnitten, von denen zumindest einige wiederum in mehrere verschiedene Teilabschnitten unterteilt sind. Jeder Maschinenabschnitt bzw. Teilabschnitt beeinflußt die Qualität des fertigen Produktes, beispielsweise einer Papierbahn. In den Herstellungsprozeß kann durch entsprechende Steuerung bzw. Regelung einzelner den jeweiligen Maschinenabschnitt bzw. Teilabschnitt bildenden Maschinenkomponenten eingegriffen werden. Die Vielzahl von Einstellmöglichkeiten macht es schwierig, den Einfluß von Veränderungen, die an einzelnen Maschinenkomponenten vorgenommen werden, auf die Funktionsfähigkeit des jeweiligen Maschinenabschnittes bzw. Teilabschnittes oder auf die Qualität des fertigen Produktes zu bestimmen.Such machines, for example paper machines, consist of a multiplicity of different machine sections, of which at least some are subdivided into a plurality of different sections. Each section of the machine or section affects the quality of the finished product, such as a paper web. In the manufacturing process can be intervened by appropriate control or regulation of each machine section or subsection forming machine components. The large number of setting options makes it difficult to determine the influence of changes that are made on individual machine components, on the functioning of the respective machine section or subsection or on the quality of the finished product.
Es ist bekannt, im Anschluß an die Trockenpartie einer Papiermaschine, beispielsweise vor dem Roller, Feuchte-, Dicken- und Flächengewichtsmessungen durchzuführen und diese Messungen zur Steuerung, Regelung und Optimierung der Prozeßführung zu verwenden. Lediglich zur Bestimmung der Papierfeuchte ist es bekannt, am Beginn der Trockenpartie kontinuierliche, regelmäßige - d.h. in bestimmten oder prozeßbedingten Intervallen erfolgende - oder kurzfristige Messungen durchzuführen. Des weiteren ist es bekannt, kontinuierliche, regelmäßige oder kurzfristige Messungen im Dampf- und Kondensatsystem einer Trockenpartie durchzuführen und diese Messungen zur Steuerung und Regelung des Prozesses zu verwenden, wobei die Pumpen und Absperrarmaturen in der zur Trockenpartie führenden Hauptdampfleitung lediglich gesteuert werden.It is known, following the dryer section of a paper machine, for example, before the scooter to perform moisture, thickness and basis weight measurements and to use these measurements for controlling, regulating and optimizing the process control. Only for the determination of the paper moisture, it is known at the beginning of the dryer section continuous, to carry out regular or short-term measurements, ie at specific or procedural intervals. Furthermore, it is known to carry out continuous, regular or short-term measurements in the steam and condensate system of a dryer section and to use these measurements to control and regulate the process, the pumps and shut-off valves in the main steam line leading to the dryer section being merely controlled.
Bekannte Vorrichtungen bzw. Verfahren sind beispielsweise in "
Die aus der
Die
Die
Bei einer aus der
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Es ist das der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Problem (Aufgabe), ein Verfahren sowie ein Meßsystem der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, mit denen ein möglichst genaues Bild von dem Herstellungsprozeß insbesondere in einer Papiermaschine erhalten werden kann und die es insbesondere ermöglichen, auf gezielte Weise in den Herstellungsprozeß zu dessen Optimierung oder Veränderung einzugreifen.It is the problem underlying the invention (object) to provide a method and a measuring system of the type mentioned above, with which the most accurate image of the manufacturing process can be obtained in particular in a paper machine and in particular allow in a targeted manner in the Process to intervene to optimize or change.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt durch die Kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1.The solution of this problem is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.
Für den charakteristischen Wert kommt außer der Feuchte,Temperatur und Permeabilität beispielweise auch der Verschmutzungsgrad des jeweiligen Siebes in Frage.For the characteristic value, in addition to the moisture, temperature and permeability, for example, the degree of soiling of the respective sieve comes into question.
Es ist auch möglich, Beschädigungen, Verformungen, Spannungen und Dehnungen des Siebes zu erfassen.It is also possible to detect damage, deformations, stresses and strains of the screen.
Die Erfindung ermöglicht es, eine Vielzahl von Informationen über den Herstellungsprozeß zumindest bezüglich des jeweiligen Maschinenabschnittes zu gewinnen. Hierdurch ergibt sich ein wesentlich genaueres Bild des Prozesses bzw. Prozeßabschnitts, welches ein besseres Verstehen des Einflusses einzelner Maschinenkomponenten auf den Herstellungsprozeß in einer komplexen Maschine wie z.B. einer Papiermaschine ermöglicht. Das Vorsehen mehrerer hintereinander angeordneter Meßbereiche, die jeweils mehrere einzelne Meßstellen umfassen können, gestattet es, Informationen über solche Orte der Maschine zu erhalten, die von der Materialbahn zeitlich nacheinander durchlaufen werden. So kann beispielsweise durch Messen des Feuchtigkeitsgehaltes einer eine Trockenpartie einer Papiermaschine durchlaufenden Papierbahn der zeitliche Verlauf der Trocknung und somit der Einfluß der einzelnen Komponenten der Trockenpartie auf die Papierbahn detailliert untersucht werden. Die gemeinsame Auswertung der an den einzelnen hintereinander angeordneten Meßbereichen erfaßten Prozeßdaten ermöglicht eine integrierte Betrachtung aller Messungen und sorgt auf diese Weise für ein besseres Verständnis des jeweiligen Maschinenabschnittes. Durch Berücksichtigten der Bahn- oder Prozeßgeschwindigkeit können erfindungsgemäß einzelne Stellen auf der Materialbahn auf ihrem Weg durch den jeweiligen Maschinenabschnitt verfolgt werden. Der zeitliche Verlauf der jeweils untersuchten Meßgröße kann so mit hoher Genauigkeit ermittelt werden. Durch Vorsehen einer großen Anzahl von hintereinander angeordneten Meßbereichen und/oder Interpolation zwischen den einzelnen, an in Prozeßrichtung beabstandeten Meßbereichen gewonnenen Prozeßdaten können somit kontinuierliche oder quasikontinuierliche Längsprofile der jeweiligen Meßgröße gewonnen werden. Des weiteren können die erfindungsgemäß ermittelten Prozeßdaten zur Bildung und/oder Optimierung von zumindest den jeweiligen Maschinenabschnitt beschreibenden mathematischen Modellen genutzt werden. Da erfindungsgemäß aufgrund der hintereinander angeordneten Meßbereiche die jeweilige Meßgröße in Prozeßrichtung ortsaufgelöst erhalten wird, können Störungen z.B. aufgrund defekter Maschinenkomponenten, z.B. eines Trockenzylinders, genau lokalisiert werden. Dies ermöglicht eine erheblich beschleunigte Fehlerbeseitigung.The invention makes it possible to obtain a large amount of information about the manufacturing process, at least with regard to the respective machine section. This results in a much more accurate picture of the process or process section, which allows a better understanding of the influence of individual machine components on the manufacturing process in a complex machine such as a paper machine. The provision of a plurality of successively arranged measuring ranges, which may each comprise a plurality of individual measuring points, makes it possible to obtain information about those locations of the machine which are traversed by the material web in succession. Thus, for example, by measuring the moisture content of a paper web passing through a dryer section of a paper machine, the time course of the drying and thus the influence of the individual components of the dryer section on the paper web can be examined in detail. The joint evaluation of the process data recorded at the individual measurement areas arranged one behind the other enables an integrated view of all measurements and thus ensures a better understanding of the respective machine section. By taking account of the web or process speed, it is possible according to the invention for individual points on the material web to be traced on their way through the respective machine section. The time course of each measured variable can be determined with high accuracy. By Provision of a large number of measuring ranges arranged one behind the other and / or interpolation between the individual process data obtained at measuring areas spaced apart in the process direction can thus yield continuous or quasi-continuous longitudinal profiles of the respective measured quantity. Furthermore, the process data determined according to the invention can be used to form and / or optimize mathematical models describing at least the respective machine section. Since, according to the invention, the respective measured variable is obtained spatially resolved in the process direction due to the measuring ranges arranged one behind the other, malfunctions, for example due to defective machine components, eg a drying cylinder, can be precisely localized. This allows for much faster troubleshooting.
Gemäß einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung erfolgt die Prozeßdatenerfassung wenigstens bezüglich einiger Meßbereiche zumindest im wesentlichen gleichzeitig.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the process data acquisition takes place at least substantially simultaneously with respect to at least some measuring ranges.
Hierdurch steht eine große Datenmenge über unterschiedliche Bereiche der Maschine gleichzeitig zur Verfügung, so daß die Daten gleichzeitig und unmittelbar im Anschluß an ihre Erfassung ausgewertet werden können. Durch den Einsatz schneller Rechner kann somit auf einer fundierten Datengrundlage eine schnelle On-line-Steuerung bzw. -Regelung der Maschine durchgeführt werden.As a result, a large amount of data on different areas of the machine is simultaneously available, so that the data can be evaluated simultaneously and immediately following their capture. Through the use of fast computers, a fast on-line control or regulation of the machine can thus be carried out on a well-founded data basis.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung erfolgt die Prozeßdatenerfassung im Bereich von Teilabschnitten, in denen Maschineneinstellungen insbesondere durch Steuerung und/oder Regelung von Maschinenkomponenten veränderbar sind.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the process data acquisition takes place in the region of subsections in which machine settings can be changed in particular by controlling and / or regulating machine components.
So kann beispielsweise ein Meßbereich oder eine Meßstelle unmittelbar in Prozeßrichtung hinter einem Trockenzylinder oder einer Gruppe von Trokkenzylindern vorgesehen sein, so daß der Einfluß von Veränderungen in den Einstellungen des oder der Trockenzylinder an den Prozeßdaten abgelesen werden kann und folglich sofort erkennbar ist. Durch Vorsehen eines geschlossenen Regelkreises kann folglich der betreffende Maschinenabschnitt bzw. Teilabschnitt in kürzester Zeit optimal eingestellt werden. Es ist auch möglich, unmittelbar vor dem jeweiligen Maschinen- oder Teilabschnitt bzw. einer bestimmten Maschinenkomponente einen Meßbereich bzw. eine Meßstelle vorzusehen, um in die Beurteilung des jeweils untersuchten Abschnitts auch die unmittelbar vor diesem Abschnitt herrschen-den Anfangsbedingungen einfließen zu lassen.Thus, for example, a measuring area or a measuring point can be provided directly in the process direction behind a drying cylinder or a group of dry cylinders, so that the influence of changes in the settings of the drying cylinder or of the process data can be read and therefore immediately recognizable. By providing a closed control loop, consequently, the relevant machine section or partial section can be set optimally in the shortest possible time. It is also possible to provide a measuring area or a measuring point immediately before the respective machine or subsection or a specific machine component in order to include in the assessment of the section examined in each case the conditions prevailing immediately before this section.
Gemäß einem weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung werden Prozeßdaten über mehrere unterschiedliche Meßgrößen erfaßt.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, process data are detected over a plurality of different measured variables.
Hierdurch läßt sich die Arbeitsweise des jeweiligen Maschinenabschnitts bzw. Teilabschnitts noch detaillierter durch die gewonnenen Prozeßdaten abbilden, so daß - falls erforderlich - in den Herstellungsprozeß in noch differenzierterer Weise eingegriffen werden kann. Bevorzugt erfolgt die Datenerfassung auch der unterschiedlichen Meßgrößen zumindest im wesentlichen gleichzeitig, um ein schnelles und genaues Gesamtbild der Maschine hinsichtlich des oder der untersuchten Abschnitte erhalten zu können.As a result, the mode of operation of the respective machine section or sub-section can be represented in more detail by the obtained process data, so that - if necessary - can be intervened in the manufacturing process in even more differentiated manner. Preferably, the data acquisition also takes place of the different measured quantities at least substantially simultaneously in order to be able to obtain a fast and accurate overall picture of the machine with regard to the section (s) examined.
In einer bevorzugten Variante werden Prozeßdaten über solche Meßgrößen erfaßt, welche die Maschine, die Materialbahn und die Umgebung betreffen.In a preferred variant, process data about such measured variables are detected, which relate to the machine, the material web and the environment.
Zumindest alle wesentlichen Größen, durch welche die Qualität des fertigen Produktes in irgendeiner Weise beeinflußbar ist, können durch die gemeinsame Auswertung der Prozeßdaten einer integrierten Betrachtung und Beurteilung unterzogen werden, um die Maschine so einstellen zu können, daß sie optimal an die jeweils herrschenden Bedingungen angepaßt bzw. hinsichtlich der jeweils gewünschten Eigenschaften der Materialbahn eingestellt ist.At least all the essential quantities by which the quality of the finished product can be influenced in any way can be subjected to integrated analysis and evaluation by the joint evaluation of the process data in order to be able to adjust the machine so that it optimally adapts to the respective prevailing conditions or with respect to the respective desired properties of the material web is set.
Eine Meßgröße kann einen charakteristischen Papierkennwert einer Papierbahn betreffen, beispielsweise die Feuchte, die Temperatur, das Flächengewicht, die Dicke, verschiedene Oberflächeneigenschaften, das Schrumpfungsverhalten, die Luftdurchlässigkeit, die Papierdehnung, die Reißlänge, die Bruchlast, die Zugfestigkeit, die Faserorientierung oder die Farbe. Außerdem können Beschädigungen oder ein Abriß der Papierbahn erkannt werden.A measured quantity can relate to a characteristic paper characteristic of a paper web, for example the moisture, the temperature, the basis weight, the thickness, different surface properties, the shrinkage behavior, the air permeability, the paper elongation, the breaking length, the breaking load, the tensile strength, the fiber orientation or the color. In addition, damage or a tear of the paper web can be detected.
Des weiteren kann eine Meßgröße einen charakteristischen Wert einer Trockenpartie betreffen, und zwar beispielsweise eine Oberflächeneigenschaft eines Trockenzylinders oder einer Walze. Hierfür kommt z.B. die Oberflächentemperatur des Zylinders bzw. der Walze in Frage.Furthermore, a measured quantity may relate to a characteristic value of a dryer section, for example a surface property of a drying cylinder or a roller. This comes, for example, the surface temperature of the cylinder or the roller in question.
Die Meßgröße kann auch einen charakteristischen Wert eines Dampf- und/oder Kondensatsystems einer Trockenpartie in einer Papiermaschine betreffen.The measured variable may also relate to a characteristic value of a steam and / or condensate system of a dryer section in a paper machine.
Des weiteren kann eine Meßgröße einen charakteristischen Wert der Luft, beispielsweise deren Temperatur oder Feuchtigkeit, oder einer Luftströmung, beispielsweise deren Richtung oder Geschwindigkeit, im Bereich des jeweils untersuchten Maschinen- oder Teilabschnitts betreffen.Furthermore, a measured variable may relate to a characteristic value of the air, for example its temperature or humidity, or an air flow, for example its direction or speed, in the region of the respectively examined machine or subsection.
Bevorzugt werden die Prozeßdaten zumindest im wesentlichen ununterbrochen erfaßt.Preferably, the process data are detected at least substantially continuously.
Hierdurch wird eine kontinuierliche Überwachung und Beurteilung des Herstellungsprozesses ermöglicht, die es gestattet, beispielsweise bei Auftreten von Störungen sofort in den Herstellungsprozeß einzugreifen.This allows a continuous monitoring and assessment of the manufacturing process, which allows, for example, to intervene immediately in the manufacturing process when disturbances occur.
In jedem Meßbereich erfolgen die Messungen hierbei mit zumindest einer Meßeinrichtung, die entweder direkt an der Maschine oder an einem maschinennahen Gestell oder Träger angebracht ist. Zur Datenerfassung an mehreren Meßstellen innerhalb eines Meßbereiches mit einer einzigen Meßeinrichtung kann diese relativ zu der Maschine bzw. dem Gestell oder Träger bewegbar sein. Die Meßeinrichtung kann z.B. linear verfahrbar sein oder allgemein mehrere jeweils einer Linear- oder Drehbewegung entsprechende Bewegungsfreiheitsgrade aufweisen, um in einem ihr zugeordnete Meßbereich Prozeßdaten über mehrere einzelne Meßstellen erfassen zu können.In each measuring range, the measurements are carried out with at least one measuring device, which is mounted either directly on the machine or on a machine-mounted frame or carrier. For data acquisition at several measuring points within a measuring range with a single measuring device, this can be movable relative to the machine or the frame or carrier. The measuring device may, for example, be linearly movable or generally have a plurality of respective degrees of freedom of movement corresponding to a respective linear or rotary movement, in order to be assigned in one of them Measuring range to be able to acquire process data via several individual measuring points.
Die ununterbrochene oder kontinuierliche Datenerfassung ermöglicht eine kontinuierliche Steuerung und/oder Regelung von Maschinenkomponenten in Abhängigkeit von den Prozeßdaten, wobei einzelne Maschinenkomponenten auch unabhängig voneinander beaufschlagt werden können. Hierzu können die Prozeßdaten einer Auswerteeinheit zugeführt werden, die den Herstellungsprozeß überwacht und die Maschinenkomponenten gegebenenfalls beaufschlagt. Eine derartige On-Line-Beeinflussung der Maschine bzw. des Herstellungsprozesses ermöglicht es, sofort auf unvorhergesehene Veränderungen oder beabsichtigte Wechsel zwischen verschiedenen Prozeßarten, beispielsweise zur Durchführung von Sortenwechseln in Papiermaschinen, durch entsprechende Steuerung bzw. Regelung der jeweiligen Maschinenkomponenten zu reagieren. Durch die Erfindung werden insbesondere schnelle Sortenwechsel ermöglicht.The continuous or continuous data acquisition allows continuous control and / or regulation of machine components in dependence on the process data, whereby individual machine components can also be acted upon independently of each other. For this purpose, the process data can be fed to an evaluation unit, which monitors the production process and if necessary acts on the machine components. Such an on-line influencing of the machine or of the production process makes it possible to react immediately to unforeseen changes or intended changes between different types of process, for example to carry out grade changes in paper machines, by appropriate control or regulation of the respective machine components. The invention allows, in particular, rapid variety changes.
Erfindungsgemäß kann die Datenerfassung auch in regelmäßigen oder unregelmäßigen Zeitabständen erfolgen, um beispielsweise routinemäßige Überprüfungen der gesamten Maschine oder einzelner Maschinenabschnitte bzw. Teilabschnitte durchzuführen. Es ist auch möglich, eine Datenerfassung nur dann vorzunehmen, wenn an der Maschine Störungen auftreten, um z.B. durch Erfassen der Prozeßdaten an in Prozeßrichtung hintereinander angeordneten Meßbereichen bzw. Meßstellen die Störungsquelle zu lokalisieren. Hierzu kann wenigstens eine mobile Meßeinrichtung vorgesehen sein, die zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens nacheinander an den einzelnen Meßbereichen bzw. -stellen installiert wird. Es ist grundsätzlich auch möglich, mit mehreren derartigen mobilen Meßeinrichtungen die Maschine, die Materialbahn und/oder die Umgebung an allen Meßstellen bzw. Meßbereichen gleichzeitig zu untersuchen.According to the invention, the data acquisition can also take place at regular or irregular intervals, for example, to carry out routine checks of the entire machine or individual machine sections or subsections. It is also possible to carry out a data acquisition only if faults occur at the machine in order to localize the interference source, for example by detecting the process data at measuring areas or measuring points arranged one behind the other in the process direction. For this purpose, at least one mobile measuring device can be provided which is successively installed at the individual measuring ranges or points for carrying out the method according to the invention. It is also possible in principle, with several such mobile measuring devices to examine the machine, the web and / or the environment at all measuring points or measuring ranges simultaneously.
Gemäß einem weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung werden die Prozeßdaten in einer Prozeßdatenbank abgelegt.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the process data are stored in a process database.
Die über den jeweiligen Herstellungsprozeß bzw. Prozeßabschnitt gewonnenen Kenntnisse gehen auf diese Weise nicht verloren und können interessierten Kreisen zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Des weiteren kann auf derartige Prozeßdatenbanken beispielsweise über das Internet von außen zugegriffen werden, wodurch beispielsweise eine Ferndiagnose durch den Maschinenhersteller ermöglicht wird. Außerdem kann auf der Grundlage der in der Datenbank gespeicherten und abrufbaren Informationen eine Fernsteuerung bzw. Fernregelung der Maschine bzw. des Herstellungsprozesses von jedem beliebigen Ort aus erfolgen.The knowledge gained about the respective production process or process section is not lost in this way and can be made available to interested parties. Furthermore, such process databases can be accessed from the outside, for example, via the Internet, thereby enabling, for example, remote diagnostics by the machine manufacturer. In addition, based on the information stored and retrievable in the database, remote control of the machine or manufacturing process can be done from any location.
Des weiteren ist es bevorzugt, wenn die Prozeßdaten in einem Reflexionsmeßverfahren erfaßt werden. Hierdurch ist es nicht erforderlich, zur Durchführung von Messungen an der Materialbahn Durchstrahlverfahren einzusetzen, die einen freien Zug der Materialbahn erfordern, damit Sender und Empfänger auf unterschiedlichen Seiten der Materialbahn angeordnet werden können. Messungen im Reflexionsverfahren, bei denen Sender und Empfänger auf der selben Bahnseite angeordnet sind, erfordern keine freien Züge und können daher auch bei sehr hohen Bahngeschwindigkeiten durchgeführt werden, bei denen freie Züge nicht mehr realisierbar sind. Erfindungsgemäß können die Materialbahn betreffende Prozeßdaten jeweils in einem Bereich erfaßt werden, an dem die Materialbahn geführt oder gestützt ist, insbesondere durch ein Trockensieb, eine Walze oder einen Zylinder.Furthermore, it is preferable if the process data are detected in a reflection measuring method. As a result, it is not necessary to use transmission methods for carrying out measurements on the material web, which require a free movement of the material web, so that transmitter and receiver can be arranged on different sides of the material web. Measurements in the reflection method, in which the transmitter and receiver are arranged on the same side of the track, do not require free trains and can therefore also be carried out at very high web speeds, in which free trains are no longer feasible. According to the invention, the process data relating to the material web can each be detected in an area where the material web guided or supported, in particular by a drying wire, a roller or a cylinder.
Die Erfindung gestattet es, das Längsprofil und/oder den Trocknungsverlauf der Materialbahn zu kontrollieren und/oder zu regeln. Dies kann durch Regelung der Heizkurve der Trockenpartie und/oder der einzelnen Trockengruppen, Trockner und/oder Befeuchter erfolgen. Diese Regelung kann in einem oder mehreren Teilabschnitten vorgenommen werden. Vorzugsweise erfolgt die Regelung kontinuierlich.The invention makes it possible to control and / or regulate the longitudinal profile and / or the drying course of the material web. This can be done by controlling the heating curve of the dryer section and / or the individual dryer groups, dryer and / or humidifier. This regulation can be made in one or more subsections. The regulation preferably takes place continuously.
Eine bevorzugte Anwendung der Erfindung sind Feuchtigkeitsmessungen entlang der Trockenpartie. Auf der Grundlage der gemessenen Feuchtigkeit der Materialbahn, d.h. durch Messen der Bahnfeuchte, kann deren Feuchtequerprofil, deren Feuchtelängsprofil und/oder deren Trocknungsverlauf geregelt werden. Dies kann beispielsweise durch Regelung der Heizkurve der Trockenpartie und/oder durch Regelung der einzelnen Trockengruppen, Trockner und/oder Befeuchter erfolgen.A preferred application of the invention are moisture measurements along the dryer section. Based on the measured moisture of the web, i. By measuring the moisture content of the railway, its moisture cross-section, its moisture longitudinal profile and / or its course of drying can be regulated. This can be done for example by controlling the heating curve of the dryer section and / or by controlling the individual dryer groups, dryer and / or humidifier.
Bezüglich des Messsystems wird die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe durch die Kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 27 gelöst.With respect to the measuring system, the object underlying the invention is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 27.
Vorzugsweise umfaßt das Meßsystem wenigstens eine Meßeinrichtung, die zum Erfassen von Prozeßdaten an mehreren Meßstellen ausgebildet und hierzu wenigstens zwei jeweils einer Drehbewegung oder einer Linearbewegung entsprechende Freiheitsgrade aufweist oder um eine Achse drehbar ist. Mit einer einzigen derartigen beweglichen Meßeinrichtung können Prozeßdaten an einer Vielzahl von Meßstellen in kurzer Zeit erfaßt werden.Preferably, the measuring system comprises at least one measuring device, which is designed to detect process data at a plurality of measuring points and for this purpose at least two each of a rotary movement or a linear movement has corresponding degrees of freedom or is rotatable about an axis. With a single such movable measuring device process data can be detected at a plurality of measuring points in a short time.
Wenn gemäß einer bevorzugten Variante die Meßeinrichtung zur Messung von Querprofilen der jeweiligen Meßgröße etwa senkrecht zur Bahnlauf-, Maschinen- oder Prozeßrichtung bewegbar ist, können durch Vorsehen mehrerer derartiger Meßeinrichtungen in Prozeßrichtung hintereinander gleichzeitig mehrere Querprofile und Längsprofile der jeweiligen Meßgröße erhalten werden.If, according to a preferred variant, the measuring device for measuring transverse profiles of the respective measured variable is movable approximately perpendicular to the web running, machine or process direction, a plurality of transverse profiles and longitudinal profiles of the respective measured variable can be obtained simultaneously by providing a plurality of such measuring devices in the process direction.
Weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen, der Beschreibung sowie der Zeichnung angegeben.Further preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims, the description and the drawing.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden beispielhaft unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung beschrieben, deren einzige Figur schematisch ein an einer Papiermaschine eingesetztes Meßsystem zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung zeigt.The invention is described below by way of example with reference to the drawing, the single figure of which schematically shows a measuring system used on a paper machine for carrying out the method according to the invention according to an embodiment of the invention.
In der Figur ist ein Teil einer Papiermaschine dargestellt, bei der in Prozeßrichtung P eine Pressenpartie 20, eine Trockenpartie 10, eine Veredelungspartie 22 sowie eine Rollerpartie 24 aufeinanderfolgen.In the figure, a part of a paper machine is shown in which in the process direction P a
Die Trockenpartie 10 und die Veredelungspartie 22 umfassen jeweils mehrere Teilabschnitte 14, die durch Quadrate symbolisiert sind. In der Trokkenpartie 10 können die Teilabschnitte 14 beispielsweise einzelne Trokkenzylinder, Gruppen von Trockenzylindern oder allgemein unterschiedliche Trocknungssysteme sein.The drying
Durch schraffierte Dreiecke sind in der Figur einzelne Meßbereiche 12 angedeutet, an denen jeweils mit zumindest einer (nicht dargestellten) Meßeinrichtung Prozeßdaten über zumindest eine Meßgröße erfaßt werden.By hatched triangles,
Bevorzugt ist in jedem Meßbereich 12 eine Meßeinrichtung vorgesehen, die mehrere Freiheitsgrade aufweist und insbesondere in zumindest einer Längsrichtung, beispielsweise der Maschinenrichtung, der Querrichtung oder der vertikalen Richtung, verfahrbar sowie über ein Gelenk in zumindest einer Ebene schwenkbar bzw. drehbar ist. Mit einer einzigen Meßeinrichtung kann somit ein Meßbereich 12 abgedeckt werden, in welchem die Papierbahn, eine Maschinenkomponente und die Umgebung an einer Vielzahl von einzelnen Meßstellen untersucht werden können.Preferably, a measuring device is provided in each measuring
In dem in der Figur dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind in Prozeßrichtung P die drei ersten Meßbereiche 12 sowie der fünfte und siebte Meßbereich 12 unterhalb des jeweiligen Teilabschnitts 14 bzw. der jeweiligen Maschinenkomponenten der Trockenpartie 10 angeordnet. Der vierte sowie der letzte Meßbereich 12 befinden sich jeweils innerhalb eines Teilabschnitts 14 der Trockenpartie 10 und können jeweils z.B. mit einer Meßeinrichtung erreicht werden, die am freien Ende eines in die Trockenpartie 10, beispielsweise in den Zwischenraum zwischen einzelnen Trockenzylindem, hineinragenden Träger angebracht ist. Der in Prozeßrichtung P sechste Meßbereich 12 befindet sich oberhalb der Trockenpartie 10, wobei die zur Durchführung der Messungen an diesem Meßbereich 12 vorgesehene Meßeinrichtung beispielsweise an einem sich nach Art eines Hallenkranes über die Trockenpartie 10 hinweg erstreckenden Träger bzw. Gestell angebracht sein kann.In the exemplary embodiment shown in the figure, the three first measuring
Jede Meßeinrichtung umfaßt zumindest einen Meßkopf, der zum Erfassen von eine Meßgröße betreffenden Daten ausgebildet ist. Die Messung kann entweder an der Papiermaschine, der Papierbahn oder an der Umgebung durchgeführt werden.Each measuring device comprises at least one measuring head, which is designed to detect data relating to a measured quantity. The measurement can be performed either on the paper machine, the paper web or in the environment.
Dabei können einige der in Prozeßrichtung P hintereinander vorgesehenen Meßbereiche 12 jeweils zur Messung der gleichen Meßgröße, beispielsweise des Feuchtigkeitsgehalts der Papierbahn, vorgesehen sein, um so ein Längsprofil dieser Meßgröße zu ermitteln. Des weiteren können an jedem Meßbereich 12 entweder mit Hilfe von mehreren unterschiedlichen Meßeinrichtungen oder mehreren unterschiedlich ausgebildeten Meßköpfen, die zu einer Einheit bzw. Meßeinrichtung zusammengefaßt sind, unterschiedliche Meßgrößen gemessen werden. Auf diese Weise können an jedem Meßbereich 12 Messungen an der Papierbahn, der Papiermaschine und der Umgebung vorgenommen werden.In this case, some of the
Entsprechendes gilt auch für die Veredelungspartie 22, an der in der gezeigten Ausführungsform zwei Meßbereiche 12 vorgesehen sind, wobei der in Prozeßrichtung P erste Meßbereich 12 unterhalb der Veredelungspartie 22 angeordnet ist und sich der zweite Meßbereich 12 innerhalb des hinteren von zwei Teilabschnitten 14 befindet.The same applies to the finishing
Die Meßbereiche 12 unterhalb und oberhalb der Trockenpartie 10 sowie der Veredelungspartie 22 befinden sich jeweils in Prozeßrichtung P entweder unmittelbar vor oder hinter einem Teilabschnitt 14.The measuring
Wie in der Figur durch die von den Meßbereichen 12 ausgehenden Pfeile angedeutet, werden die Prozeßdaten einer gemeinsamen Erfassungseinheit 18 zugeführt, die mit den in den Meßbereichen 12 angeordneten Meßeinrichtungen kommuniziert.As indicated in the figure by the arrows emerging from the measuring
Von der Erfassungseinheit 18 werden die Prozeßdaten an eine gemeinsame Auswerteeinheit 16 übermittelt, wie in der Figur durch den Pfeil T angedeutet. In der Auswerteeinheit 16 erfolgt eine gemeinsame Auswertung der Prozeßdaten, bei der auch zusätzliche Prozeßparameter wie beispielsweise die Prozeßgeschwindigkeit berücksichtigt werden können, um durch die integrierte Betrachtung der Prozeßdaten und eventuell der zusätzlichen Daten ein Bild vom Zustand der Trockenpartie 10 und der Veredelungspartie 22 sowie von deren Einfluß auf die Papierbahn und somit auf den Herstellungsprozeß zu erhalten.From the
Die Erfassung und Auswertung der Prozeßdaten findet bevorzugt ununterbrochen statt, um eine kontinuierliche Überwachung und Beurteilung der Papiermaschine bzw. von deren Trockenpartie 10 und Veredelungspartie 22 zu ermöglichen. Die Auswerteeinheit 16 kann mit einem Rechner versehen sein, auf dem Software zur Modellierung des Herstellungsprozesses bzw. der in der Trockenpartie 10 und der Veredelungspartie 22 ablaufenden Prozesse installiert ist. Die die tatsächlichen Verhältnisse an der Papiermaschine widerspiegelnden Prozeßdaten können zur Überprüfung und Optimierung derartiger Modelle verwendet werden. Insbesondere dann, wenn die Maschine auf der Grundlage derartiger Modelle gesteuert bzw. geregelt wird, erfolgt die Überprüfung und Anpassung der Modelle in Abhängigkeit von den tatsächlichen Prozeßdaten on-line, um eine kontinuierliche Beeinflussung der Maschine unter Berücksichtigung der Prozeßdaten zu realisieren.The detection and evaluation of the process data preferably takes place continuously in order to enable a continuous monitoring and evaluation of the paper machine or of its
Auf der Grundlage der erfaßten Prozeßdaten und/oder der Ausgangsdaten von Prozeßmodellen erfolgt durch die Auswerteeinheit 16 gegebenenfalls eine Steuerung und/oder Regelung einzelner Maschinenkomponenten in der Trockenpartie 10 und der Veredelungspartie 22, wie durch den Pfeil R in der Figur angedeutet. Grundsätzlich können über die Auswerteeinheit 16 auch an anderen Abschnitten der Papiermaschine, an denen keine in die integrierte Betrachtung eingehenden Daten erfaßt werden, Maschinenkomponenten beaufschlagt werden.On the basis of the acquired process data and / or the output data of process models, the
Des weiteren besteht erfindungsgemäß die Möglichkeit zu einer in der Figur durch den Pfeil D angedeuteten Datenübertragung an eine Datenbank zur Speicherung der Prozeßdaten oder über Datenleitungen, beispielsweise unter Einbeziehung des Internet, an externe Empfänger. Auf diese Weise kann eine Ferndiagnose sowie Fernsteuerung bzw. -regelung der Papiermaschine beispielsweise durch den Maschinenhersteller erfolgen.Furthermore, according to the invention, there is the possibility of a data transmission indicated in the figure by the arrow D to a database for storing the process data or via data lines, for example with the inclusion of the Internet, to external recipients. In this way, a remote diagnosis and remote control or regulation of the paper machine can be done for example by the machine manufacturer.
Claims (29)
- Method for operating a machine for producing and/or finishing webs, in particular paper webs, in which, in the area of at least one machine section, process data about at least one measured variable relating to the production process are acquired and evaluated jointly, the process data acquisition being carried out in a plurality of measuring areas (12) which are arranged one after another in the process direction (P), process data being acquired in the area of a drying section (10) of a paper machine, comprising a plurality of drying groups (14), and each drying group (14) in each case being assigned a measuring area (12) comprising at least one measuring point,
characterized in that
one measured variable relates to a characteristic value of a fabric, in particular its temperature, moisture or permeability. - Method according to Claim 1,
characterized in that, at least with regard to some measuring areas (12), the process data acquisition is carried out at least substantially simultaneously. - Method according to Claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that the process data acquisition is carried out in the area of subsections (14) in which machine settings can be varied, in particular by means of open-loop and/or closed-loop control of machine components. - Method according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that process data about a plurality of different measured variables are preferably acquired at least substantially simultaneously. - Method according to Claim 4,
characterized in that the measured variables relate to the machine, the web and the environment. - Method according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that one measured variable relates to a characteristic paper-specific value, in particular the moisture, the temperature, the thickness or the grammage of a paper web. - Method according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that one measured variable relates to a characteristic value of a drying section (10), in particular a surface property, preferably the surface temperature of a drying cylinder or a roll. - Method according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that one measured variable relates to a characteristic value of a steam and/or condensate system of a drying section (10). - Method according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that one measured variable relates to a characteristic value of the air, in particular its temperature or humidity, or an air flow, in particular its direction or velocity, in the area of the machine section. - Method according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the process data are acquired at least substantially uninterruptedly. - Method according to at least one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the process data are acquired at preferably regular time intervals.
- Method according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the process data are supplied to an evaluation unit (16), which is designed to monitor and/or influence the production process by means in particular of continuous open-loop and/or closed-loop control of machine components as a function of the process data. - Method according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that machine components are controlled and/or regulated independently of one another on the basis of the process data. - Method according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the process data are acquired and evaluated in order to carry out changes between various types of process, in particular grade changes in paper machines. - Method according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the process data are used to locate faults, in particular faulty machine components. - Method according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the process data are used in a model describing the production process, preferably at least with respect to the machine section. - Method according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the process data are transmitted to a location separated physically from the machine, in particular by using the Internet. - Method according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the process data are acquired and/or evaluated at a location separated physically from the machine. - Method according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the process data are acquired in a reflection measuring method. - Method according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the process data relate to the web and in each case are acquired in an area in which the web is guided or supported, in particular by a dryer fabric, a roll or a cylinder. - Method according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the longitudinal profile and/or the course of the drying of the web are preferably monitored and/or regulated continuously, in particular by regulating the heating curve of the drying section and/or regulating the individual drying groups, dryers and/or moisteners. - Method according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the process data are acquired in the drying section (10) in at least two measuring areas (12) after the last press in the process direction (P). - Method according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that, on the basis of the measured moisture of the web, the transverse moisture profile of the latter is preferably regulated in sections, in particular by means of dryers, moisteners that can be regulated zone by zone and/or within the press section (20) by using at least one steam blower box. - Method according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that, on the basis of the measured moisture of the web, the longitudinal moisture profile of the latter is regulated, in particular by regulating the heating curve of the drying section and/or regulating the individual drying groups, dryers and/or moisteners. - Method according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that, on the basis of the measured moisture of the web, the course of the drying of the latter is regulated, in particular by regulating the heating curve of the drying section and/or regulating the individual drying groups, dryers and/or moisteners. - Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the process data are stored in a process database, to which access can be made from outside, preferably via the Internet.
- Measuring system for implementing the method according to at least one of the preceding claims, having at least one measuring device for acquiring at least one measured variable relating to process data at at least one measuring point in a measuring area (12), and having an evaluation unit (16) for the joint evaluation of the process data, measuring devices being provided in the area of a drying section (10) of a paper machine, comprising a plurality of drying groups (14), and each drying group (14) in each case being assigned a measuring area (12) comprising at least one measuring point, characterized in that one measured variable relates to a characteristic value of a fabric, in particular its temperature, moisture or permeability.
- Measuring system according to Claim 27, characterized in that the measuring device for acquiring process data at a plurality of measuring points in a measuring area (12) can be rotated about an axis or has at least two degrees of freedom in each case corresponding to a rotational movement or a linear movement.
- Measuring system according to Claim 27 or 28, characterized in that the measuring device can be moved, in particular approximately perpendicular to the process direction (P), in order to measure profiles of the respective measured variable.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19911394A DE19911394A1 (en) | 1999-03-15 | 1999-03-15 | Method for operating a machine for the production and / or finishing of material webs |
| DE19911394 | 1999-03-15 | ||
| PCT/EP2000/002198 WO2000055421A1 (en) | 1999-03-15 | 2000-03-13 | Method for operating a machine for producing and/or improving material webs |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1161595A1 EP1161595A1 (en) | 2001-12-12 |
| EP1161595B1 true EP1161595B1 (en) | 2009-12-23 |
Family
ID=7900978
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00910822A Expired - Lifetime EP1161595B1 (en) | 1999-03-15 | 2000-03-13 | Method for operating a machine for producing and/or improving material webs |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6712937B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1161595B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19911394A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000055421A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4109580A4 (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2023-11-22 | LG Energy Solution, Ltd. | Automatic electrode drying control system and automatic electrode drying control method |
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| FI115669B (en) * | 2002-10-09 | 2005-06-15 | Stora Enso Oyj | Procedure and display system for monitoring the change in the quality of a product made with a paper or cardboard machine |
| DE10260464A1 (en) * | 2002-12-21 | 2004-07-01 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Method and device for operating a machine for producing and / or finishing a material web |
| DE10305596A1 (en) † | 2003-02-11 | 2004-09-02 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Method for creating a standardized state analysis of parameters and / or operating states influencing the quality of the fibrous web to be produced during the production of a fibrous web and machine for carrying out the method |
| US9481777B2 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2016-11-01 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method of dewatering in a continuous high internal phase emulsion foam forming process |
| DE102018203976A1 (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2019-09-19 | Homag Gmbh | Method for error detection and system for machining a workpiece |
| JP7348023B2 (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2023-09-20 | 株式会社日本製鋼所 | Coated film manufacturing method and coated film manufacturing device |
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1999
- 1999-03-15 DE DE19911394A patent/DE19911394A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-03-13 WO PCT/EP2000/002198 patent/WO2000055421A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-03-13 US US09/936,526 patent/US6712937B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-03-13 EP EP00910822A patent/EP1161595B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-13 DE DE50015829T patent/DE50015829D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4109580A4 (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2023-11-22 | LG Energy Solution, Ltd. | Automatic electrode drying control system and automatic electrode drying control method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1161595A1 (en) | 2001-12-12 |
| DE19911394A1 (en) | 2000-09-21 |
| US6712937B1 (en) | 2004-03-30 |
| WO2000055421A1 (en) | 2000-09-21 |
| DE50015829D1 (en) | 2010-02-04 |
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