EP0943055B1 - Method and device for determining the ion flow in internal combustion engines - Google Patents
Method and device for determining the ion flow in internal combustion engines Download PDFInfo
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- EP0943055B1 EP0943055B1 EP98943636A EP98943636A EP0943055B1 EP 0943055 B1 EP0943055 B1 EP 0943055B1 EP 98943636 A EP98943636 A EP 98943636A EP 98943636 A EP98943636 A EP 98943636A EP 0943055 B1 EP0943055 B1 EP 0943055B1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 108010076504 Protein Sorting Signals Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001423 beryllium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000752 ionisation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
- F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
Definitions
- DE-A-3128027 discloses a device for detecting knocking in internal combustion engines with at least one sensor measuring the ion current, a comparison device being provided for comparing the ion current signal of an ignited cylinder with the ion current signal of an unignited cylinder, and where In each case, an integrator of the comparison device (10) is connected upstream, which integrates the ion current of the ignited and the non-ignited cylinder within a measuring window.
- the gases involved can be ionized by chemical and physical processes. If a voltage is applied to two electrodes that protrude from the gas, a current can be measured. This is referred to below as the ion current.
- the spark plug is usually used as a measuring probe. After applying a voltage between the center electrode and After the ignition spark has subsided, the ion current can reach ground be measured.
- a fade-out can be Ion current measurement signal lead to signal jumps, which for example in a subsequent knock detection Leads to false detections.
- the ignition process is without disturbing the Hide measurement signal.
- Analog technology is used to evaluate the ion current signal implemented processes and components, e.g. Short-term integrators, or realized in digital technology Methods and components for use. It is common that Measurement signals of several cylinders in succession to these resources switch to save costs (multiplexing). The Multiplexing is without crosstalk between the Execute cylinder channels. It must also be prevented that the shorter cylinder-specific signal sections lead to a reduction in the quality of the offset correction. Improve security and robustness of Engine control and diagnostic functions by using them Signals with improved signal-to-noise ratio for feature formation.
- the object of the invention is to provide a Process that solves the problems mentioned.
- Figure 1 The integration of the method and the device in the technical environment is shown in Figure 1 in the form of a Block diagram clarified. Specific configurations of the essential signal processing blocks are shown in Figure 2 to Figure 4 including signal examples in more detail explained.
- the complete signal processing chain is shown in detail in FIG.
- the combustion process (2) which is initiated by the ignition (1). If the mixture is properly burned, ionization takes place in the combustion chamber.
- the means (3) is used to generate and measure an ion current signal (s1), which allows conclusions to be drawn about the ionization process during the mixture combustion.
- a means (4) in which the masking and offset value correction of the ion current signal takes place according to the invention.
- the ion current signals (s2) from different cylinders are advantageously combined to form a sum signal (s3).
- a unit (6) comprising an anti-aliasing filter (6.1) and an analog / digital converter (6.2) can be used to convert the ion current signal (s3), which is continuous in terms of time and value, into a digital signal sequence (s4).
- a feature generator (7) extracts feature vectors (s5) specific to the cylinder from the digital signal sequence (s4). On the basis of these feature vectors (s5), misfiring occurs in the following classifier (8).
- a control unit (10) is required to control the ignition (1) and the means (4) according to the invention for offset correction and masking.
- the method according to the invention for offset value correction and for spark masking of the ion current signal (s1) generated with the aid of means (3) is illustrated in FIG. 2.
- the signal (s1c) is generated from the signal (s1) in such a way that the signal (s1) is looped through within a defined measurement window area and is switched to a constant substitute value (s1b) outside this measurement window area.
- the proportion of the spark in the ion current (s1) is masked with this substitute value (s1b).
- the substitute value (s1b) should correspond in magnitude to the residual offset of the ion current signal (s1).
- the substitute value (s1b) is determined individually for each cycle shortly before the ignition process by means of a sample and hold circuit (4.2).
- the ion current signal (s1) is not accessed directly for the determination of the hold value (s1b), but rather a signal (s1a) which has been cleaned out of interference.
- the signal (s1) can be cleaned up with an adapted filter (4.1) as an example.
- Subtracting the substitute value (s1b) from the auxiliary signal (s1c) finally produces the output signal (s2).
- This signal (s2) is characterized in that it is free of jumps and is cleaned from ignition influences and from a current offset caused by shunts.
- the subsequent signal multiplexing (5) is shown in FIG.
- the signals from a plurality of cylinders can advantageously be combined in the form of temporal multiplexing to form a common signal (s3). Due to the measurement window masking in (4), mutual influence of the multiplexed signals is excluded. This greatly reduces the resources required for signal transmission and the subsequent digitization.
- an anti-aliasing filter (6.1) can advantageously also be connected into the signal path. By appropriate design of this filter there is also the possibility of adapting the signal (s3) specifically to lower sampling rates.
- a discrete signal sequence (s4) is available at the output of the analog / digital converter (6.2).
- cylinder-specific feature vectors are formed from the signal (s4).
- a possible implementation of the feature generator (7) is shown as an example in FIG.
- the medium (7.1) is used to split the continuous data stream (s4) into the individual cylinder parts.
- a two-dimensional feature vector can then be formed for each cylinder-specific combustion cycle, consisting of the maximum ion current value and the short-term integral over the ion current measurement window.
- a downstream classifier (8) can be based on the Feature vectors (s5) by comparison with accordingly calculated thresholds a distinction from regular Make burns and misfires.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 Based on the method presented, a alternative method, which is illustrated by FIGS. 5 and 6 is explained, can be used.
- This alternative method replaces that in FIG. 1 described means 3, 4, 5 and 10, uses the signal the combustion process (2) and provides a signal s8.3 that processed according to the invention in the same way as signal s3 becomes.
- an ion current is advantageously selected in the selection unit (8.1) from a plurality of different cylinders.
- This ion current signal is measured using means (8.2) before it experiences the offset correction and masking of the ignition spark according to the invention in means (8.3).
- the masking of the ignition spark and the offset correction are illustrated in FIG. 6.
- the means (8.3.5) are used to switch to a constant value previously defined according to the invention, which does not allow a jump in the signal (s8.3).
- a new offset value is first formed with the means (8.3.1) and (8.3.2), which is subtracted from the original signal from means (8.2) with means (8.3.4).
- the determination of the offset value is completed according to the invention before the ignition spark is visible in the ion current signal.
- the signal from the combustion process (2) can be cleaned up with an adapted filter (8.3.1) as an example.
- the means (8.3.5) are used to switch back to the output of the means (8.3.4).
- the determined value from means (8.3.1) is held in the sample and hold circuit (8.3.2) until the next switching of means (8.3.5) and (8.1), so that according to means (8.3.5) an offset value-adjusted and interference-adjusted according to the invention Signal (s8.3) is available for further processing in means (6).
- a control unit 8.4 is required for the timing of means 1, 8.1, 8.2 and 8.3.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
Die DE-A-3128027 offenbart eine
Vorrichtung zum Erkennen des Klopfens bei Brennkraftmaschinen
mit mindestens einem den Ionenstrom messenden
Sensor, wobei eine Vergleichseinrichtung
zum Vergleich des Ionenstrom-Signals eines
gezündeten Zylinders mit dem Ionenstrom-Signal eines
nicht gezündeten Zylinders vorgesehen ist,
und wobei
jeweils ein Integrator der Vergleichseinrichtung
(10) vorgeschaltet ist, der das Ionenstrom des gezündeten
und des nicht gezündeten Zylinders innerhälb
eines Meßfensters aufintegriert.DE-A-3128027 discloses a device for detecting knocking in internal combustion engines with at least one sensor measuring the ion current, a comparison device being provided for comparing the ion current signal of an ignited cylinder with the ion current signal of an unignited cylinder,
and where
In each case, an integrator of the comparison device (10) is connected upstream, which integrates the ion current of the ignited and the non-ignited cylinder within a measuring window.
Bei Verbrennungen kann durch chemische und physikalische
Vorgänge eine Ionisierung der beteiligten Gase erfolgen.
Wird an zwei voneinander isoliert in das Gas hineinragenden
Elektroden eine Spannung angelegt, kann ein Strom gemessen
werden. Dieser wird nachfolgend als Ionenstrom bezeichnet.In the case of burns, the gases involved can be ionized by chemical and physical processes.
If a voltage is applied to two electrodes that protrude from the gas, a current can be measured. This is referred to below as the ion current.
Dieses Phänomen ist auch an Brennkraftmaschinen, z.B. an Ottomotoren, zu beobachten. Seit langem wird versucht, den Ionenstrom für verschiedene Motorsteuerungs- und Diagnosefunktionen einzusetzen, beispielsweise für Klopfdetektion, Aussetzererkennung, Phasenerkennung, Schätzung des Verbrennungsdruckes bzw. der Lage des Druckmaximums, Bestimmung der Gemischzusammensetzung und Erkennung der Magerlaufgrenze.This phenomenon is also found on internal combustion engines, e.g. on Otto engines to watch. It has been tried for a long time Ionic current for various engine control and Use diagnostic functions, for example for Knock detection, misfire detection, phase detection, Estimation of the combustion pressure or the position of the Maximum pressure, determination of mixture composition and Detection of the lean running limit.
Als Meßsonde wird üblicherweise die Zündkerze verwendet. Nach Anlegen einer Spannung zwischen Mittelelektrode und Masse kann nach Abklingen des Zündfunkens der Ionenstrom gemessen werden.The spark plug is usually used as a measuring probe. After applying a voltage between the center electrode and After the ignition spark has subsided, the ion current can reach ground be measured.
Dabei treten folgende Probleme auf: The following problems arise:
Aufgrund von Nebenschlußwiderständen außerhalb und innerhalb der Zündkerze (z.B. Verschmutzung des Zündkerzenisolators) kommt es zu einem Stromoffset, der eine exakte Erfassung des durch die Verbrennung erzeugten Ionenstromes stört. Dieser Stromoffset ist zu eliminieren.Due to shunt resistance outside and inside the spark plug (e.g. contamination of the spark plug insulator) there is a current offset, which is an exact recording of the interferes with the ion current generated by the combustion. This Electricity offset must be eliminated.
Während der Brenndauer des Zündfunkens ist keine Ionenstrommessung möglich. Eine Ausblendung kann im Ionenstrommeßsignal zu Signalsprüngen führen, welche beispielsweise bei einer nachfolgenden Klopferkennung zu Fehldetektionen führt. Der Zündvorgang ist ohne Störung des Meßsignals auszublenden.There is none during the spark duration Ion current measurement possible. A fade-out can be Ion current measurement signal lead to signal jumps, which for example in a subsequent knock detection Leads to false detections. The ignition process is without disturbing the Hide measurement signal.
Zur Auswertung des Ionenstromsignals kommen in Analogtechnik realisierte Verfahren und Komponenten, z.B. Kurzzeitintegratoren, oder in Digitaltechnik realisierte Verfahren und Komponenten zur Anwendung. Es ist üblich, die Meßsignale mehrere Zylinder nacheinander auf diese Resourcen zu schalten, um Kosten zu sparen (Multiplexing). Das Multiplexing ist ohne Übersprechen zwischen den Zylinderkanälen auszuführen. Weiterhin ist zu verhindern, daß die nun kürzeren zylinderindividuellen Signalabschnitte zu einer Qualitätsminderung bei der Offsetkorrektur führen. Verbesserung der Sicherheit und Robustheit von Motorsteuerungs- und Diagnosefunktionen durch Nutzung dieser Signale mit verbessertem Störabstand zur Merkmalsbildung .Analog technology is used to evaluate the ion current signal implemented processes and components, e.g. Short-term integrators, or realized in digital technology Methods and components for use. It is common that Measurement signals of several cylinders in succession to these resources switch to save costs (multiplexing). The Multiplexing is without crosstalk between the Execute cylinder channels. It must also be prevented that the shorter cylinder-specific signal sections lead to a reduction in the quality of the offset correction. Improve security and robustness of Engine control and diagnostic functions by using them Signals with improved signal-to-noise ratio for feature formation.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht in der Angabe eines Verfahrens, das die genannten Probleme löst.The object of the invention is to provide a Process that solves the problems mentioned.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und die erfindungsgemäße
Vorrichtung, gemäß Anspruch 1, 2 bzw. 11, 12, zur Erfassung des Ionenstroms an
Brennkraftmaschinen wird im folgenden anhand eines
Ausführungsbeispiels mit Bezug auf die Figuren 1 bis 4
erläutert.The inventive method and the inventive
Device according to
Die Einbindung des Verfahrens und der Vorrichtung in das technische Umfeld wird in Figur 1 in Form einer Blockdarstellung verdeutlicht. Konkrete Ausgestaltungen der wesentlichen Signalverarbeitungsblöcke werden in Figur 2 bis Figur 4 unter Einbeziehung von Signalbeispielen näher erläutert.The integration of the method and the device in the technical environment is shown in Figure 1 in the form of a Block diagram clarified. Specific configurations of the essential signal processing blocks are shown in Figure 2 to Figure 4 including signal examples in more detail explained.
Im einzelnen ist in Figur 1 die komplette
Signalverarbeitungskette dargestellt. Am Anfang dieser Kette
steht der Verbrennungsprozeß (2), der durch die Zündung (1)
eingeleitet wird. Bei ordnungsgemäßer Gemischverbrennung
findet im Brennraum eine Ionisation statt. Das Mittel (3)
dient zur Erzeugung und Messung eines Ionenstromsignals
(s1), welches Rückschlüsse auf den Ionisationsprozeß während
der Gemischverbrennung zuläßt. Daran schließt sich ein
Mittel (4) an, in welcher die erfindungsgemäße Maskierung
und Offsetwertkorrektur des Ionenstromsignals stattfindet.
Mit Hilfe einer Multiplexereinrichtung (5) werden die
Ionenstromsignale (s2) von unterschiedlichen Zylindern
vorteilhafterweise zu einem Summensignal (s3)
zusammengefaßt. Die erfindungsgemäße Aufbereitung des
Signals (s3) ermöglicht die Nutzung desselben neben der
Aussetzererkennung auch für weiterreichende Anwendungen (9),
wie z.B. der Klopfdetektion.
Für die Signalauswertung bietet sich eine rechnergestützte
Weiterverarbeitung an. Für die Umsetzung des zeit- und
wertekontinuierlichen Ionenstromsignals (s3) in eine
digitale Signalfolge (s4) kann eine Einheit (6) aus
Antialiasing-Filter (6.1) und Analog/Digital-Umsetzer (6.2)
verwendet werden. Aus der digitalen Signalfolge (s4)
extrahiert ein Merkmalsbildner (7) zylinderindividuelle
Merkmalsvektoren (s5). Auf der Basis dieser Merkmalsvektoren
(s5) findet im nachfolgenden Klassifikator (8) die Erkennung
von Verbrennungsaussetzern statt.
Für die zeitliche Ansteuerung der Zündung (1) sowie des
erfindungsgemäßen Mittels (4) zur Offsetkorrektur und
Maskierung wird eine Steuereinheit (10) benötigt.The complete signal processing chain is shown in detail in FIG. At the beginning of this chain is the combustion process (2), which is initiated by the ignition (1). If the mixture is properly burned, ionization takes place in the combustion chamber. The means (3) is used to generate and measure an ion current signal (s1), which allows conclusions to be drawn about the ionization process during the mixture combustion. This is followed by a means (4) in which the masking and offset value correction of the ion current signal takes place according to the invention. With the aid of a multiplexer device (5), the ion current signals (s2) from different cylinders are advantageously combined to form a sum signal (s3). The processing of the signal (s3) according to the invention enables the same to be used in addition to misfire detection for more extensive applications (9), such as knock detection.
Computer-aided processing is available for signal evaluation. A unit (6) comprising an anti-aliasing filter (6.1) and an analog / digital converter (6.2) can be used to convert the ion current signal (s3), which is continuous in terms of time and value, into a digital signal sequence (s4). A feature generator (7) extracts feature vectors (s5) specific to the cylinder from the digital signal sequence (s4). On the basis of these feature vectors (s5), misfiring occurs in the following classifier (8).
A control unit (10) is required to control the ignition (1) and the means (4) according to the invention for offset correction and masking.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Offsetwertkorrektur und
zur Zündfunkenmaskierung des mit Hilfe des Mittels (3)
erzeugten Ionenstromsignals (s1) wird in Figur 2
veranschaulicht. In einem ersten Schritt wird dazu aus dem
Signal (s1) das Signal (s1c) derart erzeugt, daß innerhalb
eines definierten Meßfensterbereiches das Signal (s1)
durchgeschleift wird und außerhalb dieses
Meßfensterbereiches auf einen konstanten Ersatzwert (s1b)
umgeschaltet wird. Insbesondere wird der Anteil des
Zündfunkens im Ionenstrom (s1) mit diesem Ersatzwert (s1b)
maskiert. Der Ersatzwert (s1b) soll dabei
größenordnungsmäßig dem Restoffset des Ionenstromsignals
(s1) entsprechen. Zu diesem Zweck wird der Ersatzwert (s1b)
zyklusindividuell kurz vor dem Zündvorgang mittels eines
Abtasthalteschaltung (4.2) ermittelt. Vorteilhafterweise
wird für die Ermittlung des Haltewertes (s1b) nicht auf das
Ionenstromsignal (s1) direkt zugegriffen, sondern auf ein
störbereinigtes Signal (s1a). Die Störbereinigung des
Signals (s1) kann beispielhaft mit einem angepaßten Filter
(4.1) erfolgen. Durch Subtraktion des Ersatzwertes (s1b) von
dem Hilfssignal (s1c) entsteht schließlich das
Ausgangssignal (s2). Dieses Signal (s2) ist dadurch
gekennzeichnet, daß es sprungfrei ist und von Zündeinflüssen
sowie von einem durch Nebenschlüssen verursachten
Stromoffsets bereinigt ist.
In Figur 3 ist das anschließende Signalmultiplexing (5)
dargestellt. Aufgrund der besonderen Eigenschaft der
zylinderindividuellen Signale nach Art von (s2) können die
Signale von mehreren Zylindern vorteilhafterweise in Form
eines zeitlichen Multiplexings zu einem gemeinsamen Signal
(s3) zusammengefaßt werden. Dabei ist aufgrund der in (4)
erfolgten Meßfenstermaskierung eine gegenseitige
Beeinflussung der gemultiplexten Signale ausgeschlossen..
Dadurch läßt sich der Ressourcenaufwand für die
Signalübertragung und die anschließende Digitalisierung
stark verringern.
Vor dem Analog/Digital-Umsetzer (6.2) kann
vorteilhafterweise noch ein Antialiasing-Filter (6.1) in den
Signalweg geschalten werden. Durch entsprechende
Ausgestaltung dieses Filters besteht ferner die Möglichkeit
das Signal (s3) speziell an niedere Abtastraten anzupassen.
Am Ausgang des Analog/Digital-Umsetzers (6.2) steht eine
diskrete Signalfolge (s4) zur Verfügung.The method according to the invention for offset value correction and for spark masking of the ion current signal (s1) generated with the aid of means (3) is illustrated in FIG. 2. In a first step, the signal (s1c) is generated from the signal (s1) in such a way that the signal (s1) is looped through within a defined measurement window area and is switched to a constant substitute value (s1b) outside this measurement window area. In particular, the proportion of the spark in the ion current (s1) is masked with this substitute value (s1b). The substitute value (s1b) should correspond in magnitude to the residual offset of the ion current signal (s1). For this purpose, the substitute value (s1b) is determined individually for each cycle shortly before the ignition process by means of a sample and hold circuit (4.2). Advantageously, the ion current signal (s1) is not accessed directly for the determination of the hold value (s1b), but rather a signal (s1a) which has been cleaned out of interference. The signal (s1) can be cleaned up with an adapted filter (4.1) as an example. Subtracting the substitute value (s1b) from the auxiliary signal (s1c) finally produces the output signal (s2). This signal (s2) is characterized in that it is free of jumps and is cleaned from ignition influences and from a current offset caused by shunts.
The subsequent signal multiplexing (5) is shown in FIG. Because of the special property of the cylinder-specific signals of the type of (s2), the signals from a plurality of cylinders can advantageously be combined in the form of temporal multiplexing to form a common signal (s3). Due to the measurement window masking in (4), mutual influence of the multiplexed signals is excluded. This greatly reduces the resources required for signal transmission and the subsequent digitization.
In front of the analog / digital converter (6.2), an anti-aliasing filter (6.1) can advantageously also be connected into the signal path. By appropriate design of this filter there is also the possibility of adapting the signal (s3) specifically to lower sampling rates. A discrete signal sequence (s4) is available at the output of the analog / digital converter (6.2).
Mit Hilfe eines Merkmalsbildners (7) werden aus dem Signal
(s4) zylinderindividuelle Merkmalsvektoren (s5) gebildet. In
Figur 4 ist beispielhaft eine mögliche Realisierung des
Merkmalsbildners (7) dargestellt.
Zuerst erfolgt mit Hilfe eines Mittels (7.1) die Aufspaltung
des kontinuierlichen Datenstroms (s4) in die
zylinderindividuellen Anteile. In einfachster Ausführung
kann anschließend für jeden zylinderindividuellen
Verbrennungszyklus ein zweidimensionaler Merkmalsvektor,
bestehend aus dem Ionenstrommaximalwert und dem
Kurzzeitintegral über das Ionenstrommeßfenster, gebildet
werden. With the help of a feature generator (7), cylinder-specific feature vectors (s5) are formed from the signal (s4). A possible implementation of the feature generator (7) is shown as an example in FIG.
First the medium (7.1) is used to split the continuous data stream (s4) into the individual cylinder parts. In the simplest version, a two-dimensional feature vector can then be formed for each cylinder-specific combustion cycle, consisting of the maximum ion current value and the short-term integral over the ion current measurement window.
Ein nachgeschalteter Klassifikator (8) kann anhand der Merkmalsvektoren (s5) durch Vergleich mit entsprechend berechneten Schwellwerten eine Unterscheidung von regulären Verbrennungen und Verbrennungsaussetzern vornehmen.A downstream classifier (8) can be based on the Feature vectors (s5) by comparison with accordingly calculated thresholds a distinction from regular Make burns and misfires.
In Anlehnung an das vorgestellte Verfahren kann ein, alternatives Verfahren, das durch die Figuren 5 und 6 näher erläutert wird, genutzt werden.Based on the method presented, a alternative method, which is illustrated by FIGS. 5 and 6 is explained, can be used.
Dieses alternative Verfahren ersetzt die in Figur 1 beschriebenen Mittel 3,4,5 und 10, benutzt das Signal aus dem Verbrennungsprozeß (2) und liefert ein Signal s8.3, das in gleicher Weise wie Signal s3 erfindungsgemäß verarbeitet wird.This alternative method replaces that in FIG. 1 described means 3, 4, 5 and 10, uses the signal the combustion process (2) and provides a signal s8.3 that processed according to the invention in the same way as signal s3 becomes.
In dem ersten erfindungsgemäßen Schritt wird in der
Auswahleinheit (8.1) unter mehreren von unterschiedlichen
Zylindern in vorteilhafter Weise ein Ionenstrom ausgewählt.
Dieses Ionenstromsignal wird mit Mittel (8.2) gemessen,
bevor es in Mittel (8.3) die erfindungsgemäße
Offsetkorrektur und Maskierung des Zündfunkens erfährt. Die
Maskierung des Zündfunkens und die Offsetkorrektur wird in
Figur 6 veranschaulicht.
Bevor das Mittel (8.1) die Auswahl der Ionenströme
verändert, wird mit Mittel (8.3.5) auf einen zuvor
erfindungsgemäß festgelegten, konstanten Wert umgeschaltet,
welcher keinen Sprung im Signal (s8.3) zuläßt. Während
dieser Maskierung wird zunächst ein neuer Offsetwert mit den
Mitteln (8.3.1) und (8.3.2) gebildet, der mit Mittel (8.3.4)
von dem ursprünglichen Signal aus Mittel (8.2) abgezogen
wird. Die Bestimmung des Offsetwertes ist erfindungsgemäß
abgeschlossen, bevor im Ionenstromsignal der Zündfunke
sichtbar wird. Die Störbereinigung des Signals aus dem
Verbrennungsprozeß (2) kann beispielhaft mit einem
angepaßten Filter (8.3.1) erfolgen. Ist im Anschluß daran
der Einfluß des Zündfunkens auf das Ionenstromsignal zu
Ende, wird mit Mittel (8.3.5) auf den Ausgang des Mittels
(8.3.4) zurückgeschalten. In der Abtasthalteschaltung
(8.3.2) wird der ermittelte Wert aus Mittel (8.3.1) bis zum
nächsten Umschalten der Mittel (8.3.5) und (8.1) gehalten,
so daß nach Mittel (8.3.5) ein erfindungsgemäß
offsetwertbereinigtes und störbereinigtes Signal (s8.3) zur
weiteren Verarbeitung in Mittel (6) vorliegt. Für die
zeitliche Ansteuerung der Mittel 1, 8.1, 8.2 und 8.3 wird
eine Steuereinheit 8.4 benötigt.In the first step according to the invention, an ion current is advantageously selected in the selection unit (8.1) from a plurality of different cylinders. This ion current signal is measured using means (8.2) before it experiences the offset correction and masking of the ignition spark according to the invention in means (8.3). The masking of the ignition spark and the offset correction are illustrated in FIG. 6.
Before the means (8.1) changes the selection of the ion currents, the means (8.3.5) are used to switch to a constant value previously defined according to the invention, which does not allow a jump in the signal (s8.3). During this masking, a new offset value is first formed with the means (8.3.1) and (8.3.2), which is subtracted from the original signal from means (8.2) with means (8.3.4). The determination of the offset value is completed according to the invention before the ignition spark is visible in the ion current signal. The signal from the combustion process (2) can be cleaned up with an adapted filter (8.3.1) as an example. When the influence of the ignition spark on the ion current signal has ended, the means (8.3.5) are used to switch back to the output of the means (8.3.4). The determined value from means (8.3.1) is held in the sample and hold circuit (8.3.2) until the next switching of means (8.3.5) and (8.1), so that according to means (8.3.5) an offset value-adjusted and interference-adjusted according to the invention Signal (s8.3) is available for further processing in means (6). A control unit 8.4 is required for the timing of
Claims (20)
- Method for processing ion-current signals of an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder,in which a 2nd signal is formed by an offset correction and a masking,the offset correction being performed by detecting the level of the ion-current signal of the cylinder by measuring the ion-current signal in the cylinder before each ignition process, and an offset value being determined therefrom, and the offset value being subtracted from the ion-current signal by the time of the next ignition process, andthe masking being performed by replacing the ion-current signal by the offset value during an ignition process.
- Method for processing ion-current signals in an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder,in which a 2nd signal is formed by means of an offset correction and a masking,the offset correction being performed by detecting the level of the ion-current signal of the cylinder before an ignition process and determining therefrom an offset value which is subtracted from the original ion-current signal, andthe masking being performed by replacing the ion-current signal by a previously fixed constant value during an ignition process and the determination of the offset value performed prior thereto.
- Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a plurality of cylinders are provided, in that the 2nd signals of the plurality of cylinders of the internal combustion engine are used to form a 3rd signal by virtue of the fact that in the case of Claim 1 after the offset correction and masking the 2nd signals are combined by a multiplexer, and in the case of Claim 2 the ion-current signals of the various cylinders are selected by a selection unit before the offset correction and masking.
- Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the 3rd signal thus conditioned is further processed by means of a method for knock recognition.
- Method according to Claims 1 - 4, characterized in that the determined offset values are used to diagnose the ignition system and the sparking-plug condition (sparking-plug fouling) by means of comparison with threshold values that are fixed or dependent on operating state.
- Method according to Claims 3 to 5, characterized in that short-term integration of the 3rd signal inside measurement windows assigned to the individual cylinders generates a 1st feature which permits misfire detection by means of comparison with threshold values that are fixed or dependent on operating state.
- Method according to Claims 3 to 5, characterized in that maximum value evaluation of the 3rd signal inside measurement windows assigned to the individual cylinders generates a 2nd feature which permits misfire detection by means of comparison with threshold values that are fixed or dependent on operating state.
- Method according to Claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the 1st and 2nd features are used in a two-dimensional feature space for the detection of misfires.
- Method according to Claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the 3rd signal is subjected to low pass filtering and analogue-to-digital conversion, and is used in a suitable microcomputer as the basis for further engine control functions.
- Method according to Claims 6 - 8, characterized in that the misfire detection is carried out after digitization in the microcomputer.
- Device for processing ion-current signals in an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder,in which a 2nd signal is formed by an offset correction and a masking,the offset correction being performed by detecting the level of the ion-current signal of the cylinder by measuring the ion-current signal in the cylinder before each ignition process, and an offset value being determined therefrom, and the offset value being subtracted from the ion-current signal by the time of the next ignition process, andthe masking being performed by replacing the ion-current signal by the offset value during an ignition process.
- Device for processing ion-current signals in an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder,in which a 2nd signal is formed by means of an offset correction and a masking,the offset correction being performed by detecting the level of the ion-current signal of the cylinder before an ignition process and determining therefrom an offset value which is subtracted from the original ion-current signal, andthe masking being performed by replacing the ion-current signal by a previously fixed constant value during an ignition process and the determination of the offset value performed prior thereto.
- Device according to Claim 11 or 12, characterized in that a plurality of cylinders are provided, in that the 2nd signals of the plurality of cylinders of the internal combustion engine are used to form a 3rd signal by virtue of the fact that in the case of Claim 11 after the offset correction and masking the 2nd signals are combined by a multiplexer, and in the case of Claim 12 the ion-current signals of the various cylinders are selected by a selection unit before the offset correction and masking.
- Device according to Claim 13, characterized in that the 3rd signal thus conditioned is further processed by means of a method for knock recognition.
- Device according to Claims 11 - 14, characterized in that the determined offset values are used to diagnose the ignition system and the sparking-plug condition (sparking-plug fouling) by means of comparison with threshold values that are fixed or dependent on operating state.
- Device according to Claims 13 to 15, characterized in that short-term integration of the 3rd signal inside measurement windows assigned to the individual cylinders generates a 1st feature which permits misfire detection by means of comparison with threshold values that are fixed or dependent on operating state.
- Device according to Claims 13 to 15, characterized in that maximum value evaluation of the 3rd signal inside measurement windows assigned to the individual cylinders generates a 2nd feature which permits misfire detection by means of comparison with threshold values that are fixed or dependent on operating state.
- Device according to Claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the 1st and 2nd features are used in a two-dimensional feature space for the detection of misfires.
- Device according to Claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the 3rd signal is subjected to low pass filtering and analogue-to-digital conversion, and is used in a suitable microcomputer as the basis for further engine control functions.
- Device according to Claims 16 - 18, characterized in that the misfire detection is carried out in the microcomputer after digitization.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19744163A DE19744163A1 (en) | 1997-10-07 | 1997-10-07 | Processing of IC engine ionic current signals for engine control functions |
| DE19744163 | 1997-10-07 | ||
| PCT/DE1998/001839 WO1999018350A1 (en) | 1997-10-07 | 1998-07-03 | Method and device for determining the ion flow in internal combustion engines |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0943055A1 EP0943055A1 (en) | 1999-09-22 |
| EP0943055B1 true EP0943055B1 (en) | 2003-10-01 |
Family
ID=7844778
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98943636A Expired - Lifetime EP0943055B1 (en) | 1997-10-07 | 1998-07-03 | Method and device for determining the ion flow in internal combustion engines |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6185500B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0943055B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2001507426A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19744163A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999018350A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10008553B4 (en) * | 2000-02-24 | 2009-01-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for evaluating an ion current sensor signal of an internal combustion engine |
| US6498490B2 (en) | 2000-06-28 | 2002-12-24 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Ion sense ignition bias circuit |
| JP3614149B2 (en) * | 2002-04-17 | 2005-01-26 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Combustion state detection device for internal combustion engine |
| JP3633580B2 (en) * | 2002-04-17 | 2005-03-30 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Misfire detection device for internal combustion engine |
| DE10248227A1 (en) * | 2002-10-16 | 2004-04-29 | Volkswagen Ag | Signal transmission method between ignition control device and engine control device for automobile IC engine using combining of engine parameter signals before transmission |
| US6998846B2 (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2006-02-14 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Ignition diagnosis using ionization signal |
| US6951201B2 (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2005-10-04 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Method for reducing pin count of an integrated coil with driver and ionization detection circuit by multiplexing ionization and coil charge current feedback signals |
| US20050028786A1 (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-02-10 | Zhu Guoming G. | Ionization detection system architecture to minimize PCM pin count |
| US6848421B1 (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2005-02-01 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Engine control method and apparatus using ion sense combustion monitoring |
| US20090078027A1 (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2009-03-26 | Lycoming Engines, A Division Of Avco Corporation | Aircraft engine cylinder assembly knock detection and suppression system |
| ITRE20110060A1 (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2013-02-03 | Emak Spa | "CARBURETION CONTROL SYSTEM" |
| DE102016218673B4 (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2019-03-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for knock detection of an internal combustion engine |
| US11542899B2 (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2023-01-03 | Matthew M Delleree | Ion sensing for vapor start control |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3128027A1 (en) * | 1981-07-16 | 1983-02-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Device for detecting knocking in internal-combustion engines |
| US5206809A (en) * | 1989-09-04 | 1993-04-27 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | Heat measuring system for detecting knock in internal combustion engine |
| KR940010732B1 (en) * | 1991-02-15 | 1994-10-24 | 미쓰비시덴키 가부시키가이샤 | Combustion detecting apparatus for internal combustion engine |
| US5337716A (en) * | 1992-02-04 | 1994-08-16 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Control apparatus for internal combustion engine |
| US5687082A (en) * | 1995-08-22 | 1997-11-11 | The Ohio State University | Methods and apparatus for performing combustion analysis in an internal combustion engine utilizing ignition voltage analysis |
| DE19642654B4 (en) * | 1996-10-16 | 2004-02-05 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Method for controlling the adjustable operating parameters of a direct-injection internal combustion engine |
| US5775298A (en) * | 1996-12-09 | 1998-07-07 | General Motors Corporation | Internal combustion engine control |
-
1997
- 1997-10-07 DE DE19744163A patent/DE19744163A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-07-03 EP EP98943636A patent/EP0943055B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-03 JP JP52073499A patent/JP2001507426A/en active Pending
- 1998-07-03 US US09/319,041 patent/US6185500B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-07-03 DE DE59809800T patent/DE59809800D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-07-03 WO PCT/DE1998/001839 patent/WO1999018350A1/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19744163A1 (en) | 1999-04-08 |
| US6185500B1 (en) | 2001-02-06 |
| EP0943055A1 (en) | 1999-09-22 |
| JP2001507426A (en) | 2001-06-05 |
| WO1999018350A1 (en) | 1999-04-15 |
| DE59809800D1 (en) | 2003-11-06 |
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