EP0861931B1 - Method and device for the production of the yarn from at least two yarn components - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a yarn from at least two Yarn components, the yarn components before a collection stage in a last one Treatment stage can be compacted together into a yarn, as well as a plant for creating a yarn from at least two yarn components.

One method and one is known from European patent application 0434 601 A1 Device for producing untwisted yarn from at least two relative to one another known fibril bundles in which the fibril bundles, here called yarn components, each separately before stretching in each treatment stage treated to be textured together after stretching. To general knowledge, the textured yarn is then swirled to the fluffy type of yarn by texturing in a processable To get yarn. The treatment level consists of one before stretching False twist or intermingling stage around the individual fibrils of the yarn components to compact in order to get the possibility to change the distances between the to keep individual yarn components as small as possible without creating marginal fibrils intertwine of the individual yarn components and thereby cause faults or at least can lead to a mixture of the yarn components.

A method and a method are known from another European patent specification EP 0 485 871B1 Device known to produce a textured multicolor yarn, the individual colors spun separately from a spinning beam and cooled are then each separately via an oiling and then each to be passed separately through swirl nozzles. The swirling happens in such a way that they are at least as much as possible during the subsequent stretching is dissolved again. The purpose of swirling is to compact the individual bundles of fibrils, also called yarn components, if possible avoid that the individual fibril bundles with different colors interlock interweave to disturb the color separation in the end yarn. The stretched Fibril bundles are then immediately put together in a texturing nozzle textured, chilled and swirled together in a swirl, afterwards to be wound up. The latter vortex is a collective compacting i.e. a stitching of the three threads to create an actual coherent to produce windable yarn.

From the European patent application with the publication no. EP 0 784 109 A1 ... can be seen that different types of partial threads, for example different colored or differently dyeable partial threads, either from spinning beams or delivered by spools and each oiled before stretching and then can be precompacted to either together after stretching to be textured in one or each in a texturing device. After Texturing device, the plug emerging from the texturing device is cooled, the cooling already inside the texturing device, towards the outlet end the texturing device, at least partially.

After cooling the graft, the partial threads are each individually in a post-compaction preferably swirled around then together, i.e. summarized, to be swirled again in a collective compaction to get out of the threads to form a spoolable thread.

There are different types of texturing devices, as well as devices for Production of a corresponding yarn shown and described, on which the Description of this application is related, according to EP 0 784 109 A1.

The object of this invention is to guide the individual yarn components and the treatment of these yarn components up to the common compacting stage to effect the yarn components clearly and predeterminably in order to achieve the after common compacting stage to influence the resulting yarn character.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that at least procedurally a yarn component at least one treatment stage known per se passes through before this yarn component together with the further one or more treated or untreated yarn components the last treatment stage passes through, in order to then be collected as yarn in the collecting stage, during the system, at least two treatment stages for at least one There are yarn components that can be used optionally, and at least a compacting stage and a collecting stage for one of at least two yarn components existing yarn is provided. In detail, this is set out in the claims.

The yarn components can be freshly spun and drawn or act as drawn yarn components drawn from a spool. Likewise the yarn components can already be precompacted in the form of a swirl or have experienced a wrong turn.

The yarn components can also have other and different properties have, be it in relation to the type and / or structure and / or the color of the Yarn components, the type being based on differences in titer or in number Fibrils of yarn components or in polymer or in dyeability or in Cross-section of the fibrils or additives in the fibrils and the structure or on Changes or differences in the crystalline or molecular structure relates.

However, there is still the possibility of untreated in the sense of the invention Yarn components with treated yarn components in the common compacting stage in order to influence the character of the yarn in this way.

In addition, a staple yarn can also be used as an untreated yarn component, be it from synthetic or natural fibers spun, understood before the Collection level, i.e. winding out the finished yarn together with the others Yarn components is compacted compactly.

The treatment of the individual yarn components can be any known texturing, any known swirling, any known false twist or any other known method which in the yarn component an aforementioned type and / or structural change and / or causes a change in shape of the individual fibrils of the yarn component.

Since the yarn components mentioned, with the exception of the staple yarn components mentioned, are already stretched yarn components, the individual yarn components in an immediately following, also called "on-line", Treatment according to the invention, each separately textured, for example and compacted together after texturing, preferably swirled, to thereby produce a yarn ready for winding.

It is also possible to use texturing nozzles of the same type with different gas pressures or different temperatures or different amounts of gas per Unit of time can be loaded, or there is also the possibility for at least a yarn component to choose a different texturing nozzle, which also can be operated differently in the aforementioned manner.

There is also the possibility of a thread tension described later by means of the figures in the individual yarn components before and / or in the common compacting to keep different in order to follow variations of the yarn character of compaction.

In the further can a guide of the individual described later by means of the figures Yarn components in the compaction are kept different on this Way the influence of the compacting on the individual yarn component differently and thus an influence on the yarn after the compacting component receive.

Another variant is that at least one treated yarn component with at least one untreated yarn component in the common compacting stage is combined into a yarn, thereby the character of the yarn after the compacting stage.

Basically, it should be mentioned that the yarn components are separated from each other until Collective compacting level are carried out, in order to have as many possible influences to get the finished yarn after the collective compaction to either to simplify the process or to change the character or structure of the finished yarn can still get different, even within the process Yarn components are passed through a treatment stage together.

The invention is neither to the mentioned treatment means nor to those mentioned Compacting means limited, but any treatment or compacting means are used to carry out the method.

The invention is therefore not restricted to the elements shown and described.

The invention is shown with reference to FIGS. 1 to 20, for example and purely schematically and briefly described below.

In Fig. 1, the row marked with 1 relates to a yarn component template, each template either stretched on-line from a spinning beam or a drawn yarn component coming from a bobbin can.

The number 2 denotes a number of treatment stages, whereby as from 1 shows that each yarn component has its own treatment stage.

3 denotes a common compacting stage which, as can be seen from FIG. 1, all yarn components 5 to 5.4 are summarized and then treated pass on as yarn 7 of collection level 4. At this collection level 4 it is a winding device.

2 is intended to show that the individual yarn components have no or no more can go through as a treatment step before the individual yarn components in the compacting stage 3 together to form a yarn 7.1.

The yarn 5 is by means of one treatment stage, the yarn 5.5 by means of two treatment stages and the yarn 5.6 is provided without treatment stages.

Furthermore, the yarn component 5.6 can either be a multifilament yarn or be a staple yarn or any other non-multifilament yarn.

The multifilament yarn can be an already textured or otherwise treated Trade yarn or any yarn of any yarn characteristic which is useful in one compacting stage together with at least one other Yarn component to be compacted.

If, as previously mentioned in Fig. 2, the yarn component 5.6 as a variant is a thread template not to be treated further, which with other thread components can be compacted, so it is usually the yarn templates 1 um yarn components, which may already be pre-compacted, usually stretched, but usually not textured, so the first Treatment level 2 for such yarns is texturing.

A further treatment step can then be carried out for a yarn component, as shown in FIG. 2 2.1 can be provided, for example, a so-called post-compaction is before this yarn component with the other two yarn components is combined into a yarn 7 in the collective compaction.

There is also the option of collective compacting two or more times perform what is shown in Fig. 2 with the dashed rectangle denoted by 3.1 is shown.

The same applies if treatment stage 2.1 involves post-compaction acts, i.e. that such post-compaction is also done two or more times can be carried out, which also applies to collective compacting 3.1.

If treatment level 2 is texturing, any of these can be known texturing devices or texturing methods used become. The way of the method or the device of texturing is not the subject of this invention.

The same applies if treatment level 2 or 2.1 or 3 or 3.1 is concerned is a swirl level; any known swirling methods can be used or devices are used, since such methods and devices are not the subject of this invention.

The same applies if treatment levels 2 or 2.1 or 3 or 3.1 are concerned False twist levels; any false twist levels known per se can can be used since they are not the subject of this invention.

The same applies to collection levels, i.e. there can be known winding devices or other collection levels not mentioned here.

It is also free to use the aforementioned treatment or collective Compacting levels due to variations in the equipment, for example with texturing nozzles by variations in the temperature, the amount (kg / h) and the pressure of the treatment gas operate differently.

3 shows an example of a swirl nozzle used as the compacting stage 3 or 3.1. This swirling nozzle corresponds to a swirling nozzle known per se the Heberlein company in Wattwil, Switzerland. However, it is understood that as mentioned earlier around any swirl nozzle or even one False twist nozzle of any make can act.

In Fig. 3, the swirl nozzle is 6 and the passage opening is 9 and the incoming gas is 8 characterized.

Seen in the running direction of the yarn components, the intermingling nozzle 6 is a guide ring 11 upstream, which serves to guide the yarn components 5 to 5.6, to this, as shown with Fig. 4, in different positions in the passage opening 9 of the Guide swirl nozzle 6, thereby different swirl effects on the corresponding yarn components 5 to 5.6. Here are for example 3 yarn components shown, which are basically at least two and can also be any previously mentioned yarn components.

The guide ring 11 can be moved as shown with the displacement directions 12 to change the positions of the yarn components in the passage opening.

There is also the possibility of the average opening 16 of the guide ring either circular or oval, or any shape, thereby different positions of the yarn components in the passage opening 9, provided that the guide rollers 11 upstream of the guide ring themselves are not changeable in their position, the position of the yarn components 5 to 5.6 in the passage opening 9 together with the guide ring 11 change.

With pinch rollers 14, which lie opposite the guide rollers 13 and together with these can form a pair of pinch rollers, it should be shown that in combination with a draw-off roller pair 15 provided after the swirling nozzle 6 the tension in the yarn components 5 to 5.6 are kept different can.

This thread tension in the individual yarn components alone or in Combination with the different position of the yarn components to achieve a different yarn character of the yarn 7 serve.

4 shows the top view of the swirling nozzle 6 according to arrows I-I.

In Fig. 4, the yarn components are 5 to 5.6 with an example of 3 yarn components shown. Likewise, the gas inlet with the gas 8 is shown as it is in connection represented with swirling nozzles from the aforementioned Heberlein company becomes.

Figures 5 to 19 show variations in the use of the treatment levels for treating the same or different yarn components.

The squares marked with 1 are yarn component templates, where the marking A1 in the corresponding square is either continuous filament bundle coming from a spinning beam or a bobbin while the marking A2 is in the corresponding square a yarn template made of staple yarn, which is either made of synthetic or natural fibers can be spun.

The squares marked with 2 relate to one in the aforementioned European one Patent application shown and described precompacting while with 2.1 a texturing treatment stage, with 2.2 a post-compacting treatment stage is characterized, each of which is also contained in the aforementioned EP application are.

As already mentioned at the beginning of this application, all treatment stages can be specified operated differently, thereby variations in yarn character or in the fabric made therefrom, for example a carpet.

5 shows with A1 that a filament bundle from the spinning beam in a pre-compacting treatment stage 2 is treated and together with a filament bundle A2, which comes from a bobbin with pre-stretched filament in the collective compaction treatment stage 3 compacted and then as yarn 7 in a collection stage 4, for example a winding device.

Instead of a bundle of filaments from a spool with pre-stretched synthetic filament can either be a synthetic or a natural fiber staple yarn together with the filament bundle of the spinning beam in the compacting stage 3 compacted and as Yarn 7 can be wound up in collection stage 4.

Basically, the filament bundles are always in collective compacting level 3 the collection stage 4 combined into a yarn 7, which is why the other Description relating to figures dispenses with the repetition of these functions becomes.

The difference between Fig. 6 and Fig. 5 is that the spinning beam Coming filament bundle A1 after the pre-compacting stage 2 another texturing stage 2.1 passes through this filament bundle with the filament bundle or yarn the coil A2 is guided into the collective compacting stage 3.

FIG. 7 shows that the filament bundle A1 coming from the spinning beam is opposite 6 additionally after the texturing stage 2.1 in the post-compacting stage 2.2 is compacted before this filament bundle with the filament bundle or the yarn of the bobbin A2 reaches the collective compacting stage 3.

8 shows two filament bundles A1, each coming from a spinning beam, which each compacted in precompact stage 2 and then together in the Collective compacting stage 3 can be compacted into a yarn 7.

FIG. 9 shows two filament bundles A1 each originating from a spinning beam, whereby the left filament bundle, through a precompact stage 2 and a texturing stage 2.1 is carried out before this with the one lying next to it Filament bundle, which is only passed through precompact stage 2, is combined into a yarn 7 in the collective compacting stage 3.

10 shows that the left-hand filament bundle A1 after the texturing stage 2.1 is still passed through a post-compacting stage 2.2 before this with the right-hand side Filament bundle, which only passed through a precompact stage 2 was compacted into a yarn 7 in collective compacting stage 3.

The. 11 shows, compared to FIG. 10, the variant that the right-hand filament bundle additionally after the precompacting stage 2 through the texturing stage 2.1 becomes one before the two filament bundles in the collective compacting stage 3 Yarn 7 are merged.

Fig. 12 shows a filament bundle or staple yarn of a bobbin A2, the staple yarn can exist either as synthetic fibers or natural fibers, which with two filament bundles of FIG. 8 or 9 or 10 or 1 in the collective compacting stage 3 is compacted into a yarn 7.

13 shows three filament bundles A1 each originating from a spinning beam, the right-hand filament bundle all treatment stages before the collective compaction stage passes alone while the left-sided and middle filament bundle together through the post-compacting stage 2.2 and then together with the right-hand filament bundle in collective stage 3 to a yarn 7 to be compacted.

Basically, "right-hand filament bundle" should be understood to mean that which with a view of the figure on the right of a correspondingly medium or corresponding "left-hand filament bundle" is shown in the corresponding figure.

FIG. 14 shows, as a variant of FIG. 13, that the left-hand and middle filament bundle After precompacting stage 2, textured together in stage 2.1 and then in stage 2.2 is compacted again with the right-hand filament bundle, which is carried out through all treatment levels 2 to 2.2, in the collective compacting level 3 to be compacted into a yarn 7.

Fig. 15 shows the combination of a filament bundle A2 made of either synthetic fibers or natural fibers, which in the collective compacting stage 3 with filament bundles 13 or 14 is collectively compacted to obtain a yarn 7.

16 shows three filament bundles A1, each from a spinning beam, the right-hand side Filament bundle goes through all treatment stages 2 to 2.2 alone while the middle and left-hand filament bundles precompacted together in treatment stage 2 is then used as a precompacted bundle of filaments textured in stage 2.1 and to be compacted in stage 2.2 before this common filament bundle with the right-hand filament bundle in the collective compacting stage 3 is compacted into a yarn 7.

17 shows four filament bundles A1, each originating from a spinning beam, whereby the two right-hand filament bundles are precompacted together in stage 2 then as a common filament bundle through the texturing stage 2.1 and then through the post-compaction stage 2.2 before this common filament bundle with the two filament bundles on the left a yarn 7 can be compacted collectively. The two left-hand filament bundles each pre-compacted in stage 2 to work together in stage 2.1 textured and to be compacted together in level 2.2 to be as a common Bundles as mentioned above with the common right-hand filament bundle to be compacted collectively in level 3.

18 also shows four filament bundles originating from a spinning beam A1, the left-hand filament bundle going through all stages 2 to 2.2 alone, before this with one from the adjacent single filament bundle Triple filament bundle combined filament bundle in the collective compacting stage 3 is compacted into a yarn 7. The triple filament bundle settles on the one hand from a single filament bundle A1 and one from two single filament bundles A1 summarized double filament bundle together, the Single filament bundle on its own and the double filament bundle together through a precompacting stage 2, and then together through the texturing stage 2.1 and then through the post-compacting stage 2.2 are then together in the stage before collective compacting 3 2.2 to be compacted.

19 shows on the right-hand side two yarns A2 of one bobbin each, one bobbin a staple yarn with synthetic fibers and the other spool A2 a staple yarn with natural fibers may have, or both spools have different synthetic staple yarns or different natural staple yarns. The summarized Stacking yarn in collection level 3 either with the two filament bundles of the figures 16 or 17 or 18 as a combined filament bundle in the collective compacting stage 3 is compacted into a yarn 7.

20 primarily shows that a further collective compacting stage 3.1 is provided, in which the yarn components 5, 5.1 and 5.2 are compacted into a roving 7.1 be, which with a further roving 7.2, summarized from the yarn components 5.3 and 5.4, compacted to yarn 7 in the last compacting stage 3 is before it is wound up at collection level 4, for example.

The squares of the treatment levels, which are only shown with dashed lines Lines are shown that, for example, the individual yarn components of Figures 8,9,10 and 11 compacted as roving 7.1 in a compacting stage 3.1 before this roving according to FIG. 12 with the individual yarn component is compacted from level A2 in compacting level 3 to yarn 7. The same thing applies to the yarn components of FIGS. 13 and 14 or of FIGS. 16, 17 and 18, which are each compacted to a yarn 7.1 in a compacting stage 3.1 before this roving according to FIGS. 12, 15 or 19 with the individual yarn component level A2 in Fig. 12 or 15 or the two yarn components of the two levels A2 is compacted into a yarn 7 in FIG. 19.

Furthermore, further collective compacting stages, not shown here, can be used are provided so that more than two rovings can be formed, which combined in the last collective compacting stage to form a yarn 7 become.

It is also possible to use other variations of rovings 7.1 or 7.2 to combine. These rovings can be as in the previous examples FIGS. 1 to 19 are composed of continuous filament bundles and staple yarns, with different filament bundles or staple yarns Types can be combined.

Basically in FIG. 20, as in FIGS. 1 and 2 and 5 to 19, the treatment stages marked with the numbers 1, 2, 2.1, 2.2, 3 and 4, plus the new treatment level 3.1, which, as mentioned above, are provided one or more times can.

The following is for all figures shown an oiling level between levels 1 and 2 for To provide yarn components, which are composed of fibril bundles.

In addition, the various treatment stages can correspond to those mentioned at the beginning Operating variants are operated to match the yarn character of the finished yarn 7 additionally influenced.

Is the pre-compacting stage 2 instead of a gas dynamic one False twist organ around a disk twist or friction twist, by means of which can be precompacted, so are the changeable operating parameters of the Disc or friction swirl organ Variations in the speed of the disc swirl organ or variations in the surface roughness of the individual disks or the Disc of the twist element or wrap angle of the filament bundle on the Disc or the discs.

Ultimately, the squares not shown with solid lines should indicate that further combination variants are possible within the meaning of the invention, which in the examples are not included, which is why the invention is not based on the examples shown is restricted.

Furthermore, the squares not shown with solid lines are intended to indicate that the functions 2 to 2.2 shown are intended to be plug-in, i.e. it can functions corresponding to the desired yarn character are omitted or added become.

Known means can be provided to media that are used to operate the mentioned treatment levels are provided, each in a predetermined way operate.

• ein Druckeinstellmittel,
• ein Mengeneinstellmittel,
• ein Temperatureinstellmittel,

The media mentioned are a gas and the media mentioned are at least one of the following media, namely

• a pressure adjusting means,
• a quantity adjuster,
• a temperature setting means

• das Verändern der Drehzahl der Scheiben,
• das Verändern der Oberflächenrauhigkeit,
• das Verändern des Umschlingungswinkels des Filamentbündels an der einzelnen Scheibe.

The media 2 mentioned can also be mechanical compacting means, preferably a disk twist element, at least one of the following variants having to be provided for operating the media or for compacting a bundle of yarn on the twist element, namely

• changing the speed of the disks,
• changing the surface roughness,
• changing the wrap angle of the filament bundle on the single disc.

The use of at least 2 treatment stages for a yarn component can optionally done.

Commenting on documents according to the research report: US 4,025,595

Different types of yarn components are described, each individually are swirled and then mixed together.

US 4 164 836

Twine components are twisted and then together swirled.

The two processes can be used to produce yarns whose variety is limited.

Claims (26)

1. A method for the production of a yarn from one or more yarn components (5, 5.1), which are compacted together to form yarn prior to winding in a collective handling step (3), characterised in that at least one yarn component in at least one preceding handling step (2) is handled in a manner different to that of the other yarn component or components, or that a filament bundle is derived from a spinning beam, and that another yarn, whether it be a filament bundle or natural fibre staple yarn, derives from a bobbin.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the handling step or steps (2, 3) is or are at least one of the following handling steps:

   any inherently known texturing step

   any inherently known false twist step

   any inherently known intermingling step,

   whereby the false twist step or steps and the intermingling step or steps are each compacting steps.
3. A method according to claims 1 and 2, characterised in that for each yarn component different or the same texturing steps and/or different or the same false twist steps and/or different or the same intermingling steps are selected.
4. A method according to claims 1 to 3, characterised in that more than one compacting step is provided for, one after another, in the conveying direction of the finished yarn.
5. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that before the last compacting handling step (3), at least one further compacting handling step (3.1) is provided for, in which at least two yarn components are compacted together to form a roving yarn (7.1), whereby the roving yam (7.1) is compacted together with another roving yarn (7.2) in the last compacting step (3)to form yarn, whereby the roving yarn (7.1) is composed of at least one yarn component.
6. A method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the compacting steps provided for one after another are of different means of effect.
7. A method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that each handling step is a step in which the yarn components undergo a permanent structure change and/or a change of form.
8. A method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one yarn component features a thread or yarn tension in the compacting step, which is different from the other or others.
9. A method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one yarn component in the compacting step features a different position from the position of the other yarn component and/or the positions of the other yam components.
10. A method according to claim 2, characterised in that the operating parameters of the operating medium of the individual handling steps are changeable in a predetermined manner, in order thereby to modify the structure and therefore the appearance of the corresponding yam or fabric manufactured therefrom.
11. A method according to claim 10, characterised in that a change in the operating parameters involves a change of at least one of the following parameters of the operating medium, namely:

    The pressure (bar)

    The quantity (kg/h)

    The temperature (°C)
12. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the yam components involve at least one endless filament bundle in combination with at least one further endless filament bundle or a staple fibre yarn.
13. A system for the production of a yam with two or more yarn components (5, 5.1) presented, which can be compacted together prior to winding in a collective handling step (3) to form yarn (7), characterised in that at least one upstream handling step (2) is provided for, for the handling of the minimum of one individual yarn component (5) in a different manner to the other yarn (5.1) or yarns (5.1, 5.2), or that a filament bundle derives from a spinning beam and that another yarn, whether it be a filament bundle or a synthetic or natural fibre staple yarn, derives from a bobbin.
14. A system according to claim 14, characterised in that per handling step different texturing devices and/or different false twist devices and/or different intermingling devices can be used.
15. A system according to claim 13, characterised in that the compacting step is at least one of the following compacting steps:

    any inherently known false twist device,

    any inherently known intermingling device.
16. A system according to claim 13, characterised in that, in the event of several upstream handling steps (2), the false twist devices and/or the intermingling devices per yarn component are different.
17. A system according to claim 13, characterised in that, in the event of several upstream handling steps (2), the false twist devices and/or the intermingling devices per yarn component are different.
18. A system according to claim 13, characterised in that, in addition, a collective step (4) is provided for the finished yarn, and the collective step is for preference a spooling device (4).
19. A system according to claim 14, characterised in that inherently known media are provided for, to operate, each in a predetermined manner, media which are provided for the operation of the said handling steps.
20. A system according to claim 19, characterised in that the said media involve a gas, and said media involve at least one of the following media, namely:

    A pressure adjusting medium,

    A quantity adjusting medium,

    A temperature adjusting medium.
21. A system according to claim 19, characterised in that the said media (2) involve mechanical compacting media, for preference a disk-shaped twisting device, whereby at least one of the following variants is provided for the operation of the media and/or for compacting a yarn bundle on the twisting device, namely:

    Changing the revolution speed of the disk,

    Changing the surface roughness,

    Changing the looping angle of the filament bundle at the individual disk.
22. A system according to claim 13, characterised in that the compacting stage (2) is an intermingling stage (6), whereby, upstream seen in the direction of the thread run, a guide ring (11) is provided for, capable of being changed in its position, in order to provide the guidance of the yarn components (5-5.6) in a variable manner in the intermingling device (6), and that the position of the yarn components (5-5.6) in the intermingling device is variable accordingly, in order thereby to obtain different intermingling effects on the corresponding yarn components (5-5.6).
23. A system according to claim 22, characterised in that the guide ring (11) features a passage aperture (16), which is either circular or oval, or features any shape in order thereby to obtain different positions of the yarn components (5-5.6) in the passage aperture.
24. A system according to claim 22, characterised in that, from the compacting step (2) a pair of clamping rollers (13, 14) is provided per yarn component (5-5.6), and after the compacting step (2) a pair of take-off rollers (15), and that the tension in the yam components (5-5.6) can be maintained as the same or different by means of appropriate media, not shown here, taking effect on the pair of clamping rollers (13,14).
25. A system according to claims 22 and 24, characterised in that the said media for changing the said position of the yam components (5-5.6) and the said media for changing the said yarn tension in the yam components (5-5.6) are combined.
26. A system according to one of claims 13 to 25, characterised in that the yarn components involve at least one endless filament bundle in combination with at least one further endless filament bundle or a staple fibre yarn.

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