US3846881A - Filament crimping - Google Patents
Filament crimping Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3846881A US3846881A US00215461A US21546172A US3846881A US 3846881 A US3846881 A US 3846881A US 00215461 A US00215461 A US 00215461A US 21546172 A US21546172 A US 21546172A US 3846881 A US3846881 A US 3846881A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- filament structure
- crimper
- crimp
- filament
- portions
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
- D02G1/12—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes
- D02G1/127—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes including drawing or stretching on the same machine
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method and apparatus for crimping filament structures and to the crimped prod- LlCt.
- crimped filament structures can be made by simultaneously stuffer crimping in one crimper at least two portions of the structure which are at different temperatures when fed to the crimper.
- a single filament structure is divided into at least two portions and one portion is heated before feeding to the crimper.
- a filament structure produced by simultaneous crimping of at least two portions of the structures at different temperatures in a single crimper is chopped to produce crimped staplefibers.
- My invention also includes apparatus for performing the process described above and the resulting products.
- a stuffer crimper 11 comprises crimper rolls 12 and 13, inlet guide 14 and body 16.
- a heater 17 is provided in the path of the portion of the feed to the crimper, and guide rolls 18 and 19 are provided in a separate path to the crimper.
- Guide rolls 20 and 21 are provided for the combined filament struc ture.
- a tow 22 passes over guide roll 20, is divided into two filament structure portions 23 and 24.
- Portion 23 passes over heater l7 and then to guide roll 21 while portion 24 passes around guide rolls l8 and 19' through a path in which it is not subjected toheating by heater l7.
- Portions 23 and 24 are recombined on guide roll 21 and fed into stuffer crimper 11.
- the crimped product from crimper 11 is removed therefrom for further handling as desired and necessary. This can include for example takeup rolls for packaging or the yarn can be sent directly to further processing, for example, choppingto produce staple fibers.
- EXAMPLE In an example according to my invention, utilizingthe apparatus described above, a 5,000 denier, 280 filament, drawn polypropylene tow was supplied to stuffer crimper 11 having one-fourth inch face width crimper rolls, at 40 meters per minute. One-half of the tow (2,500 denier) was routed over heater 17 which was a draw shoe type surface heater with temperature control and controlled at 400F. surface temperature. The other half of the tow (2,500 denier) was passed over guide rolls 18 and 19 out of contact with heater 17. The two halves were recombined at roll 21 and were crimped in crimper 11. The resulting crimped tow had two distinct crimp levels.
- the portion of the tow passing over heater 17 was guided away from the surface thereof whereby the two portions of the tow were fed to crimper 11 at substantially the same temperature.
- the resulting tow had near uniform, one level crimp.
- This example illustrates the effectiveness of the apparatus and method according to my invention to produce a crimped tow having two levels of crimp and demonstrates further that this result is not obtained merely by dividing the tow into two parts without heating one of the parts.
- filament structure has been used to include all crimpable filaments including yarns, tows, slivers, rovings, etc.
- the material from which the filaments are made can be any material which produces crimpable filaments including, for example, polypropylene, nylon, polyester, etc.
- means other than surface heaters can be used for heating one portion of the filament structure including such means as radiant heaters, contact with heated fluid, etc.
- Means other than the guide rolls can be used for providing the separate paths for the filament portions.
- the temperatures of thetwo portions which are combined and fed to the crimper can vary widely depending upon the condition of the structure to be processed and the results desired.
- the cooler of the two portions can be at ambient temperature or can be below or above ambient temperature.
- the temperature of the warmer portion should be sufficiently above that of the cooler portion to give the desired variation in crimp level and the resulting product. In general, the larger the temperature differential the more noticeable will be the resulting two crimp level in the product.
- crimp level in this application is used to mean crimp frequencies and amplitudes as well as the nature of the crimping, i.e., the shape of the crimp loops, and a variation in crimp level can be in any one or more of these elements of crimp. For example, two crimp levels are obtained when two crimp frequencies are obtained even though the amplitude may be substantially the same. However, more commonly, when practicing my invention differences in both frequency and amplitude result.
- a method of producing a crimped filament structure comprising passing a first portion of said filament structure into a stuffer crimper at a first temperature;
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Abstract
Two separate filament structures are crimped simultaneously but at different temperatures to produce a combined filament structure having two levels of crimp.
Description
United States Patent 11 1 Hume et al. 28/72.l7
Erickson Nov. 12, 1974 [5 FILAMENT CRlMPlNG 3.115.744 12/1963 N611 57 157 8 3.175.348 3/1965 [75] wayne Erckson Greemmc 3.199.281 8/1965 MilelOV 61111. 57 140 8 73 Assignee; i i petroleum Company, 3,234,624 2/ 1966 Shuttuck 28/111 Bartlesvme Okla 3,384,932 5/1968 Watson 19/65 T 3.387.349 6 1968 1111116111: Cl 111. 28/72.]4 x [22] Filed: Jan. 5, 1972 3,408,251 10 1968 01111111 Cl 111. 28/7217 x 3.423.809 1/1969 8611111111 28/7217 PP 215,461 3,601,872 8/1971 P0111111 et 111.... 28/].3 3,653,198 4/1972 Hopkins 28/7217 [52] CL D 28/7214 3.681.821 8 1972 Buck 2.8/1.3 [51] Int. Cl D02g l/l2 [58] Field 61 Search 28/1.6, 1.2, 1.3, 72.1, Emmmepmus 264/168, 282-, 57/140 B, 157 s [57] ABSTRACT Two separate filament structures are crimped simulta- [56] References Cited neously but at different temperatures to produce 8 UNITED STATES PATENTS combined filament structure having two levels of 2,810,281 10/1957 Appleton et 111. 28/72.17 x 3,039,171 6/1962 4 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure PAIENIEDIIBV 121914 3Q846l881 INVENTOR. W. K. ERICKSON A T TOR/V5 rs I 1 FILAMENT CRIMPING BACKGROUND OF INVENTION This invention relates to a method and apparatus for crimping filament structures and to the crimped prod- LlCt.
Often it is desirable to crimp synthetic filament structures to increase the bulk and cover, improve the hand, etc. In many instances it is preferred to avoid having the crimp in register, that is having the crimp loops of SUMMARY OF INVENTION I have found that crimped filament structures can be made by simultaneously stuffer crimping in one crimper at least two portions of the structure which are at different temperatures when fed to the crimper. Fur-- ther according to my invention a single filament structure is divided into at least two portions and one portion is heated before feeding to the crimper. Further according to my invention a filament structure produced by simultaneous crimping of at least two portions of the structures at different temperatures in a single crimper, is chopped to produce crimped staplefibers.
My invention also includes apparatus for performing the process described above and the resulting products.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION In the drawing a stuffer crimper 11 comprises crimper rolls 12 and 13, inlet guide 14 and body 16. A heater 17 is provided in the path of the portion of the feed to the crimper, and guide rolls 18 and 19 are provided in a separate path to the crimper. Guide rolls 20 and 21 are provided for the combined filament struc ture.
In operation a tow 22 passes over guide roll 20, is divided into two filament structure portions 23 and 24. Portion 23 passes over heater l7 and then to guide roll 21 while portion 24 passes around guide rolls l8 and 19' through a path in which it is not subjected toheating by heater l7. Portions 23 and 24 are recombined on guide roll 21 and fed into stuffer crimper 11. The crimped product from crimper 11 is removed therefrom for further handling as desired and necessary. This can include for example takeup rolls for packaging or the yarn can be sent directly to further processing, for example, choppingto produce staple fibers.
EXAMPLE In an example according to my invention, utilizingthe apparatus described above, a 5,000 denier, 280 filament, drawn polypropylene tow was supplied to stuffer crimper 11 having one-fourth inch face width crimper rolls, at 40 meters per minute. One-half of the tow (2,500 denier) was routed over heater 17 which was a draw shoe type surface heater with temperature control and controlled at 400F. surface temperature. The other half of the tow (2,500 denier) was passed over guide rolls 18 and 19 out of contact with heater 17. The two halves were recombined at roll 21 and were crimped in crimper 11. The resulting crimped tow had two distinct crimp levels.
For comparison, holding the stuffer box pressure and the crimper roll pressure constant, the portion of the tow passing over heater 17 was guided away from the surface thereof whereby the two portions of the tow were fed to crimper 11 at substantially the same temperature. The resulting tow had near uniform, one level crimp.
This example illustrates the effectiveness of the apparatus and method according to my invention to produce a crimped tow having two levels of crimp and demonstrates further that this result is not obtained merely by dividing the tow into two parts without heating one of the parts.
Throughout the application and in the claims the term filament structure has been used to include all crimpable filaments including yarns, tows, slivers, rovings, etc. The material from which the filaments are made can be any material which produces crimpable filaments including, for example, polypropylene, nylon, polyester, etc.
Reasonable variation and modification are possible within the scope of my invention. For example, means other than surface heaters can be used for heating one portion of the filament structure including such means as radiant heaters, contact with heated fluid, etc. Means other than the guide rolls can be used for providing the separate paths for the filament portions. The temperatures of thetwo portions which are combined and fed to the crimper can vary widely depending upon the condition of the structure to be processed and the results desired. The cooler of the two portions can be at ambient temperature or can be below or above ambient temperature. The temperature of the warmer portion should be sufficiently above that of the cooler portion to give the desired variation in crimp level and the resulting product. In general, the larger the temperature differential the more noticeable will be the resulting two crimp level in the product. Although the invention has been described and presently finds its greatest application in systems in which the feed to the crimper is divided into only two parts, the invention also is applicable to systems in which the feed is divided into three or more portions at different temperature levels.
The term crimp level in this application is used to mean crimp frequencies and amplitudes as well as the nature of the crimping, i.e., the shape of the crimp loops, and a variation in crimp level can be in any one or more of these elements of crimp. For example, two crimp levels are obtained when two crimp frequencies are obtained even though the amplitude may be substantially the same. However, more commonly, when practicing my invention differences in both frequency and amplitude result.
What is claimed is:
l. A method of producing a crimped filament structure comprising passing a first portion of said filament structure into a stuffer crimper at a first temperature;
recombining said first and second portions; and
passing said recombined portions to a stuffer crimper whereby said first and second portions are simultaneously subjected to crimping conditions at substantially different temperatures producing a filament structure having crimp variations between individual filaments thereof.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein said filament structure having crimp variations is cut to produce staple fibers.
4. The method of claim 2 wherein said second portion of filament structure is heated by passing said second portion in proximity to heating means.
Claims (4)
1. A method of producing a crimped filament structure comprising passing a first portion of said filament structure into a stuffer crimper at a first temperature; simultaneously passing a second portion of said filament structure into said stuffer crimper at a second temperature substantially higher than said first temperature; and simultaneously subjecting said first portion and said second portion to crimping conditions in said stuffer crimper thereby producing a filament structure having crimp variations between individual filaments thereof.
2. A method of producing a filament structure comprising dividing a filament structure into a first portion and a second portion; heating said second portion to a temperature substantially above the temperature of said first portion; recombining said first and second portions; aNd passing said recombined portions to a stuffer crimper whereby said first and second portions are simultaneously subjected to crimping conditions at substantially different temperatures producing a filament structure having crimp variations between individual filaments thereof.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein said filament structure having crimp variations is cut to produce staple fibers.
4. The method of claim 2 wherein said second portion of filament structure is heated by passing said second portion in proximity to heating means.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00215461A US3846881A (en) | 1972-01-05 | 1972-01-05 | Filament crimping |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00215461A US3846881A (en) | 1972-01-05 | 1972-01-05 | Filament crimping |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3846881A true US3846881A (en) | 1974-11-12 |
Family
ID=22803071
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00215461A Expired - Lifetime US3846881A (en) | 1972-01-05 | 1972-01-05 | Filament crimping |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3846881A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0874072A1 (en) * | 1996-01-12 | 1998-10-28 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | Method and apparatus for the manufacture of a multi-coloured yarn composed of differentially dyed continuous filament yarns |
| US6076345A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 2000-06-20 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | Method and apparatus for generating a yarn composed of at least two yarn components |
Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2810281A (en) * | 1954-11-01 | 1957-10-22 | Delaware Mills Inc | Textile articles and processes for making same |
| US3039171A (en) * | 1960-06-09 | 1962-06-19 | Du Pont | Process of drawing filaments |
| US3115744A (en) * | 1959-07-24 | 1963-12-31 | British Nylon Spinners Ltd | Process for the manufacture of crimped yarn |
| US3175348A (en) * | 1963-09-11 | 1965-03-30 | Bloch Godfrey | Process and apparatus for making bulked filament yarns |
| US3199281A (en) * | 1961-09-27 | 1965-08-10 | Du Pont | Composite polyester yarn of differentially shrinkable continuous filaments |
| US3234624A (en) * | 1963-02-27 | 1966-02-15 | Bancroft & Sons Co J | Method and apparatus for making limited stretch bulked yarn |
| US3384932A (en) * | 1964-02-28 | 1968-05-28 | Celanese Corp | Method of improving the uniformity of an unopened tow band and apparatus for making cigarette filters therefrom |
| US3387349A (en) * | 1965-04-08 | 1968-06-11 | Bancroft & Sons Co J | Differential feed roll crimper and method |
| US3408251A (en) * | 1964-01-10 | 1968-10-29 | Davies Stanley | Tows of synthetic filaments and method for making the same |
| US3423809A (en) * | 1967-11-15 | 1969-01-28 | Du Pont | Process for forming differential shrinkage bulked yarn |
| US3601872A (en) * | 1967-12-12 | 1971-08-31 | American Enka Corp | Manufacture of crimped yarns |
| US3653198A (en) * | 1967-05-10 | 1972-04-04 | Stevens & Co Inc J P | Method for manufacturing a plied yarn |
| US3681821A (en) * | 1970-01-19 | 1972-08-08 | Thomas M Buck | Method and apparatus for dephasing and entangling crimp yarn |
-
1972
- 1972-01-05 US US00215461A patent/US3846881A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2810281A (en) * | 1954-11-01 | 1957-10-22 | Delaware Mills Inc | Textile articles and processes for making same |
| US3115744A (en) * | 1959-07-24 | 1963-12-31 | British Nylon Spinners Ltd | Process for the manufacture of crimped yarn |
| US3039171A (en) * | 1960-06-09 | 1962-06-19 | Du Pont | Process of drawing filaments |
| US3199281A (en) * | 1961-09-27 | 1965-08-10 | Du Pont | Composite polyester yarn of differentially shrinkable continuous filaments |
| US3234624A (en) * | 1963-02-27 | 1966-02-15 | Bancroft & Sons Co J | Method and apparatus for making limited stretch bulked yarn |
| US3175348A (en) * | 1963-09-11 | 1965-03-30 | Bloch Godfrey | Process and apparatus for making bulked filament yarns |
| US3408251A (en) * | 1964-01-10 | 1968-10-29 | Davies Stanley | Tows of synthetic filaments and method for making the same |
| US3384932A (en) * | 1964-02-28 | 1968-05-28 | Celanese Corp | Method of improving the uniformity of an unopened tow band and apparatus for making cigarette filters therefrom |
| US3387349A (en) * | 1965-04-08 | 1968-06-11 | Bancroft & Sons Co J | Differential feed roll crimper and method |
| US3653198A (en) * | 1967-05-10 | 1972-04-04 | Stevens & Co Inc J P | Method for manufacturing a plied yarn |
| US3423809A (en) * | 1967-11-15 | 1969-01-28 | Du Pont | Process for forming differential shrinkage bulked yarn |
| US3601872A (en) * | 1967-12-12 | 1971-08-31 | American Enka Corp | Manufacture of crimped yarns |
| US3681821A (en) * | 1970-01-19 | 1972-08-08 | Thomas M Buck | Method and apparatus for dephasing and entangling crimp yarn |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0874072A1 (en) * | 1996-01-12 | 1998-10-28 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | Method and apparatus for the manufacture of a multi-coloured yarn composed of differentially dyed continuous filament yarns |
| US6085395A (en) * | 1996-01-12 | 2000-07-11 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | Method and apparatus for producing a multicolored yarn from differently colored part-threads of endless filament |
| US6094790A (en) * | 1996-01-12 | 2000-08-01 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | Method and apparatus for producing a multicolored yarn from differently colored part-threads of endless filament |
| US6119320A (en) * | 1996-01-12 | 2000-09-19 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | Method and apparatus for producing a multicolored yarn from differently colored part-threads of endless filament |
| CN1121517C (en) * | 1996-01-12 | 2003-09-17 | 里特机械公司 | Method and apparatusfor producing multicoloured yarn from differently coloured part-threads of endless filament |
| US6076345A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 2000-06-20 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | Method and apparatus for generating a yarn composed of at least two yarn components |
| US6442923B1 (en) | 1997-02-26 | 2002-09-03 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | Method and apparatus for generating a yarn composed of at least two yarn components |
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