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EP0675990B1 - Bauelement, insbesondere für eine Dachkonstruktion, und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung - Google Patents

Bauelement, insbesondere für eine Dachkonstruktion, und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0675990B1
EP0675990B1 EP92909651A EP92909651A EP0675990B1 EP 0675990 B1 EP0675990 B1 EP 0675990B1 EP 92909651 A EP92909651 A EP 92909651A EP 92909651 A EP92909651 A EP 92909651A EP 0675990 B1 EP0675990 B1 EP 0675990B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
base profile
building unit
plate
covering plate
profile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92909651A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0675990A1 (de
Inventor
Peehr Mathias Oernfeldt Svensson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SVENSSON Peehr Mathias Oernfeldt
Original Assignee
SVENSSON Peehr Mathias Oernfeldt
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Application filed by SVENSSON Peehr Mathias Oernfeldt filed Critical SVENSSON Peehr Mathias Oernfeldt
Publication of EP0675990A1 publication Critical patent/EP0675990A1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/10—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with metal beams or girders, e.g. with steel lattice girders
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
    • E04C3/292—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures the materials being wood and metal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a building unit of the kind mentioned in the introductory part of claim 1.
  • a building unit according to the invention being characteristic by the items set forth in the characterizing clause of claim 1.
  • the beams of a building unit of this invention have no protruding side edges, the beam may be arranged outermost at the longitudinal side edges of the building unit, whereby the deflection of said longituinal side edges become as small as possible during weight load, and consequently a lasting vapour diffusion tightness in the joints between two neighbouring building units is achieved and may be made by common vapour sealing means.
  • the rigid edge joints thereby achieved between neighbouring building units enable them to transfer high bending moments, and the supporting ability of the building units locally in the joints or at the longitudinal edges becomes very high.
  • a compression resistant material being better suited for compressive loads than for tensile loads.
  • a tension resistant material being better suited for absorbing tensile loads than compressive loads.
  • relatively thin sheet or plate material of metal such as iron, steel, brass and aluminium, and steel and/or fiber reinforced concrete, plastic or wood.
  • An embodiment of a building unit according to claim 2 may preferably have a further, mainly for compression loads resistant plate being firmly secured over the total length of the beam to that part of its base profile located most distant from its covering plate.
  • a more universally applicable building unit seeing that it is suitable for applications as a heavy loaded building unit, e.g. as cantilever building unit, and as a vertical load bearing wall unit.
  • the building unit according to the invention may absorb forces or loads in the plane of the building unit and loads from the facades, more secure or safe building unit joints, seeing that the beams of the elements at the side edges of the building unit may be secured directly to each other.
  • the building units at the joints easily by known means be made vapour diffusion resistant and/or may absorb extra loads from e.g. tubing, lighting equipment etc. below the element joinings and possible extra loads from roofing units or installations arranged on a roof above the building unit joints or from heavy objects, such as shelves arranged on a floor above the building unit joints.
  • Said arrangement of the beams in the building units furthermore implies that arbitrary distances or openings for staircases, lifts, skylights etc.
  • the building units with their beams arranged at their side edges can be assembled resistant to bending moments directly at their side edges, 2) that the building units can be constructed completely alike at both side edges, so that they can be rotated 180 degrees about an axis perpendicular to the unit during the mounting, which again means 3) that different fewer building unit types may be necessary for a given building, particularly if the building units of the invention have box shaped beams at their longitudinal sides, and 4) that a greater constructional freedom of choice is obtained. Furthermore is achieved 5) that the vapour seal of the building unit can be hidden in and along its longitudinal sides, so that said vapour seal cannot be damaged during transportation and mounting of the building unit.
  • the invention relates to a method according to the introductory clause of claim 4 for manufacturing a building unit according to the invention for building purposes, e.g. roofing, ceiling, wall or floor purposes, and the method is characterized by the items set forth in the characterizing clause of said claim.
  • each beam per se is a finished unit, they might by simple means and before their mounting on a roofing or floor construction plate for forming a building element be provided with a predetermined curvature in their longitudinal directon, so that the roof or the floor in mounted and loaded condition e.g. becomes totally planar.
  • Fig. 1 shows two for building units known beams, socalled box girders, with square cross section and rectangular cross section, respectively, and of a uniform wall thickness.
  • Fig. 2 shows a beam 1 for a building unit according to the invention, where one of the plane sides 2, 3, 4, 5 of the beam consists of a covering plate 2 of a mainly for compressive load suitable and resistant material of a thickness of 1,5-115, preferably 32 times greater than the thickness of the abutting sides 3-5 of the beam 1.
  • the covering plate 2 e.g. may be made of 22 mm thick waterproof plywood, and the base profile plate 3-5 may be a 0.7 mm thick galvanized steel profile, the height of which varies according to its span or other conditions, under which the beam is to be used.
  • the sides 3-5 of the beam 1 being performed in one unit as a base profile consist of a mainly for tensile load suitable and resistant material as further defined in the introductory clause of the specification, and the mainly for compressive load suitable covering plate 2 is secured directly edge flushing and resistant to bending moments to the two longitudinal adhesive surfaces of flanges 6, 7 of the base profile 3-5.
  • the securing means are chosen in dependence on which materials are to be assembled, and said securing means include an adhesive assembly and, for further reinforcement thereof, a screw assembly, bolt assembly, nail assembly or the like.
  • a beam for the building unit having a low weight and a large supporting ability and without having any protruding side edges, and which beam can be manufactured at low costs.
  • the supporting ability may be further increased by arranging bulkheads 10 inside the beam 1 with predetermined spaces as indicated in fig. 3.
  • Each bulkhead 10 is e.g. secured perpendicularly to at least three of the inner walls of the beam, e.g. on the inner sides of the sides 3, 4 and 5.
  • Fig. 3 shows a building unit 12 according to the invention in which the beam 1 is used, and beams 1 are arranged as longitudinal girders in the building unit 12, which may be a roof element as shown, a ceiling element, a wall element or a floor element.
  • Fig. 3 shows furthermore that one of the beams 1 is arranged at each of the longitudinal side edges of the building unit 12.
  • the roof building unit shown in fig. 3 may e.g. at its upper side have a 16 mm thick waterproof plywood board 14 which is or will be covered by roofing foil or roofing felt.
  • Said plywood plate 14 is directly secured to the three shown longitudinal closed beams 1 by glueing and nails or screws, and directly below the beams 1 may be arranged a vapour tightening seal 15, e.g.
  • a mineral wool isolation 18 between the beams 1 may be arranged a mineral wool isolation 18, and a mineral wool isolation not shown may be arranged inside the beams themselves.
  • Fig. 4 shows a section perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the building unit in fig. 3. As will be seen, there is enough room between the beams 1 for large throughgoing openings in the building unit without resulting in any mentionable reduction of the supporting ability of the building unit.
  • Fig. 5 shows a building unit in the form of a roofing unit with the beams 1 in a different arrangement.
  • an isolating ceiling covering 16 is placed between the beams 1, and the vapour seal 15 is arranged above the beams 1 and the ceiling covering 16, but below the plywood board 14.
  • the ceiling covering 16 which along with the vapour seal 15 is secured e.g. by glueing to the plate 14, is made e.g. of isolating plates with a high cohesive force and being known as isolation plates from Dow Danmark A/S in the STYROFOAM®-programme of said company.
  • Upon the plywood board 14 is arranged a socalled outer isolation 20 which is vapour proof, heat proof and weather proof.
  • Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal joint between the longitudinal sides of two building units 12.
  • the width of the construction plate 14 is less than the width of the building unit 12 with a value corresponding to the width of the locking slab 22 for the mutual locking of the neighbouring building units, a further advantage of the building unit according to the invention is achieved, due to the location of said two beams 1 along the longitudinal sides of the building unit, seeing that the building unit width e.g. can be made 2,5% wider than the present plate standard width of 244 cm by the same material consumption and fewer working operations.
  • construction plates of standard width may be used, which width e.g. in Denmark are 244 cm as delivery measure, whereby the building units can obtain the convenient module width of 250 cm and the locking slabs get a width of 6 cm.
  • Fig. 7 shows an end joint between the ends of two building units 12 above a supporting girder 25, which supports the units 12 via their beams 1 and at their ends immediately below reinforcing end bulkheads 10 of the beams. Also by this assembly is used a locking slab 27.
  • Figs. 8-16 show some beam embodiments of the building unit according to the invention all being provided with a covering plate 2 and with abutting base profile sides 3 and 5 of less thickness.
  • Some of the beams viz. the ones shown on Figs. 10-15, have a further, mainly for compressive load suitable and resistant reinforcing plate 8 firmly secured over the full length of the beam to that part of the beam being most distant from the covering plate 2.
  • Said extra reinforcing plate 8 may as shown in figs. 10-12 be arranged inside upon the bottom of the beam 1 or as shown in Fig. 13-15 be arranged outside upon the bottom of the beam 1.
  • Such beams as shown in Figs. 10-15 are also suitable for use as girders in form of cantilevers or as wall supporting beams and columns.
  • the base profile side 4 may be a planar steel plate, which plate resistant to bending moments is secured to the sides 3 and 5 which may be U-formed so that short U-profile sides form the edge flanges 6, 7 of the base profile and the edge flanges for securing to the sides 3 and 5 of the steel plate 4 by riveting, welding or the like.
  • the wall thicknesses in the plate 2 and the plate of the base profile 3-5 can be mentioned following values in millimeters: 45:30, 40:21, 15:5, 20:5, 25:5, 35:5, 22:2, 24:2, 15:1, 20:1, 25:1, 20:0,7, 22:0,7, 32:1, 40:1, 100:2, 35:0,7, 60:1, 42:0,7, 50:0,7, 80:1, 90:1, 100:1, 70:0,7, 105:1, 80:0,7, 115:1.
  • the proportionals selected depend on the expected loadings for the building units and the number of beams, on the materials used and securing methods used and on the available standardized material thicknesses.
  • Fig. 16 shows an embodiment of a beam 1, when it, mounted in a building unit, is expected to be exposed to particularly high tensile loadings in the base profile sides 3 and 5, or where the sides 3 and 5 are manufactured in thicker material, such as fiber reinforced plastic.
  • Fig. 17 shows an embodiment of a beam on a building unit according to the invention, whereby a better fire resistance as well as a greater strength is achieved, so that the duration of the higher fire resistance is increased.
  • an inner base profile 30 In the outermost base profile 3-5 and at a distance therefrom there is inserted an inner base profile 30.
  • a heat isolating material 32, 33 In the space 31 between the two base profiles is arranged a heat isolating material 32, 33, of which at least the upper material 33 is nail proof and glued to the upper end parts of both profiles 3-5, 30.
  • the upper surface 34 of the upper material 33 is flush with the upper end edges of the two profiles 3-5, 30 and forms a securing, abutting and glueing surface for the covering plate 2.
  • a construction plate 14 is secured to the middle of the covering plate 2, said construction plate 14 here is made of a steel plate with intermediate reinforcing ribs.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Baueinheit, vorzugsweise für Dachkonstruktionen, wobei zwei oder mehr Balken als Längstragbalken in der Baueinheit (12) angeordnet sind, wie z. B. ein Dachteil, ein Deckenteil, ein Mauerteil oder ein Bodenteil, und worin der Balken (1) ein vieleckige, geometrische Form hat, wie z. B. eine Kastenform oder eine trapezähnliche Form, und ein Basisprofil (3-5) aus einem hauptsächlich für Zuglasten geeigneten Material beinhaltet, bestehend aus einem oberseitig offenen U-förmigen Metallprofil (3-5) aus einem Blech oder einem dünnen Plattenmaterial mit klebenden Oberflächen an den Flanschen, die einwärts gerichtet an der oberen Seite der Profile sind, und einer oberen Abdeckplatte (2) aus einem hauptsächlich für Drucklasten geeigneten Material z. B. bestehend aus Sperrholz, welches in alle Richtungen wesentlich steifer ist als eine Platte des Basisprofils (3-5), wobei besagte Platte (2) durch eine Kleberschicht auf der gesamten Oberfläche der klebenden Oberflächen an den Flanschen (6, 7) des Basisprofils sicher und beständig gegen Biegungsmomente direkt auf dem Basisprofil (3-5) befestigt ist, so daß die Abdeckplatte (2) und das Basisprofil (3-5) zusammen eine statisch zusammenwirkende stützende Einheit bilden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwei der Balken (1) längs zueinander und an jeder der Längsseiten der Baueinheit (12) angeordnet sind, wo sie die Längsseiten der Baueinheit bilden, daß die Abdeckplatte (2) des Balkens die gleiche Breite hat wie das Basisprofil (3-5) und längs beider Längsseiten mit den Seiten des Basisprofils bündig ist, und daß die dauerhafte Verbindung zwischen der Abdeckplatte (2) und dem Basisprofil (3-5) auch Sicherungselemente wie Schrauben, Nägel, Nieten oder ähnliche Elemente, die sich vollständig oder teilweise durch die Abdeckplatte (2) erstrecken, beinhaltet.
  2. Baueinheit nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine weitere, hauptsächlich gegen Drucklasten beständige Platte (8) sicher über der gesamten Länge ihres Balkens (1) an dem Teil des Basisprofils, der am meisten von seiner Abdeckplatte (2) beabstandet ist, gesichert ist.
  3. Baueinheit nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, wobei zu deren versteifung oder Verstärkung zwei oder mehr Balken an einem Baubrett (14) oder einer Bauplatte (14) befestigt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zum gegenseitigen Verriegeln benachbarter Baueinheiten die Breite der Bauplatte (14) um einen mit der Breite einer Verriegelungsplatte (22) korrespondierenden Wert kleiner ist als die Breite der Baueinheit (12).
  4. Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Baueinheit (12) nach Anspruch 1, vorzugsweise für Dachzwecke, wobei jeder Stützbalken (1) aus einem zu einer Seite offenen dreiseitigen Basisprofil (3-5, 30), das aus einer dünnen, hauptsächlich gegen Zuglasten beständigen Platte besteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß besagte offene Längsseite des Basisprofile (3-5, 30) dann durch Sichern einer Abdeckplatte (2) direkt an seine beiden klebenden Schenkel-Oberflächen (6, 7, 30) geschlossen wird zum Bilden des Balkens in einer gegen Biegungsmomente beständigen Weise, wobei besagte Abdeckplatte (2) aus einem hauptsächlich gegen Drucklasten beständigen Material besteht und die gleiche Breite hat wie die Breite des offenen Basisprofils des Balkens (1) und dann wenigstens zwei solcher Balken (1) an einer Bauplatte (14) zum Bilden einer Baueinheit (12) gesichert werden, in der eine der Seiten (3 oder 5) in jedem der beiden Balken (1) die jeweiligen zwei Längsseiten der Baueinheit bilden.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, wobei das Basisprofil dreiseitig ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Längs-V-Profil (35) im Inneren des Basisprofils (3-5, 30) angeordnet wird, wobei die Klappkanten des V-Profils (35) in den unteren zwei Ecken des U-Profils abgestützt sind und der Boden des V-Profils die Mitte der Abdeckplatte (2) trifft, wenn es an dem Basisprofil (3-5, 30) gesichert wird.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß alle Basisprofile (3-5) der Balken (1) für eine Baueinheit (12) bevor die Abdeckplatten (12) an ihren jeweiligen Profilen (3-5) gesichert werden, eine Aufwärts- oder Abwärtekrümmung zum Verspannen der Baueinheit in einer Richtung entgegen der auf die Einheit bei der zukünftigen Benutzung einwirkenden Zug- und Druckbeanspruchung erhalten.
EP92909651A 1991-04-29 1992-04-29 Bauelement, insbesondere für eine Dachkonstruktion, und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung Expired - Lifetime EP0675990B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK77991A DK77991D0 (da) 1991-04-29 1991-04-29 Hulprofil til bygningsbrug, et byggeelement og en tagkonstruktion, hvori hulprofilet er anvendt, samt en fremgangsmaade til fremstilling af hulprofilet
DK779/91 1991-04-29
PCT/DK1992/000134 WO1992019826A1 (en) 1991-04-29 1992-04-29 Beam or girder for building construction and a building unit including said beam or girder, and a method of manufacturing the beam or girder

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0675990A1 EP0675990A1 (de) 1995-10-11
EP0675990B1 true EP0675990B1 (de) 1997-07-09

Family

ID=8097461

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92909651A Expired - Lifetime EP0675990B1 (de) 1991-04-29 1992-04-29 Bauelement, insbesondere für eine Dachkonstruktion, und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0675990B1 (de)
AU (1) AU1688192A (de)
DE (1) DE69220817T2 (de)
DK (2) DK77991D0 (de)
WO (1) WO1992019826A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9408884D0 (en) * 1994-05-05 1994-06-22 Ollis William J B Building elements incorporation timber and insulation materials
GB2311794B (en) * 1996-04-02 1999-08-11 Portakabin Ltd Floor structure
DK0980456T3 (da) * 1997-05-06 2002-10-14 Peehr Mathias Oernfel Svensson Præfabrikeret tagpladeelement samt bærebjælke dertil
EP0913537A3 (de) * 1997-10-31 2000-03-22 Stressline Limited Bodenstruktur
FR3132113B1 (fr) * 2022-01-26 2024-10-25 Valeurs Alpines Plancher pour module d’habitation

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1419827A (en) * 1920-06-28 1922-06-13 Firm Luftschiffbau Zeppelin Gm Construction member
US1527728A (en) * 1920-06-28 1925-02-24 Firm Luftschiffbau Zeppelin Gm Hollow bar in two pieces
US3241285A (en) * 1964-05-27 1966-03-22 Int Nickel Co Structural member for supporting loads
SE385603B (sv) * 1974-05-07 1976-07-12 Larssen J F Byggnadsenhet
SE447003B (sv) * 1982-09-06 1986-10-20 Sune Persson Balk
GB2200668A (en) * 1987-02-09 1988-08-10 Colin John Freeman Elongate hollow structural supporting members

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK77991D0 (da) 1991-04-29
WO1992019826A1 (en) 1992-11-12
AU1688192A (en) 1992-12-21
DE69220817T2 (de) 1998-02-12
DE69220817D1 (de) 1997-08-14
DK0675990T3 (da) 1998-01-26
EP0675990A1 (de) 1995-10-11

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