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EP0512235B1 - Fuel rail - Google Patents

Fuel rail Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0512235B1
EP0512235B1 EP92105186A EP92105186A EP0512235B1 EP 0512235 B1 EP0512235 B1 EP 0512235B1 EP 92105186 A EP92105186 A EP 92105186A EP 92105186 A EP92105186 A EP 92105186A EP 0512235 B1 EP0512235 B1 EP 0512235B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
duct
supply line
channel
injection valves
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92105186A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0512235A1 (en
Inventor
Udo Dipl.-Ing. Hafner (Fh)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0512235A1 publication Critical patent/EP0512235A1/en
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Publication of EP0512235B1 publication Critical patent/EP0512235B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/46—Details, component parts or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus covered by groups F02M69/02 - F02M69/44
    • F02M69/462—Arrangement of fuel conduits, e.g. with valves for maintaining pressure in the pipes after the engine being shut-down
    • F02M69/465—Arrangement of fuel conduits, e.g. with valves for maintaining pressure in the pipes after the engine being shut-down of fuel rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/14—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors
    • F02M61/145—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors the injection nozzle opening into the air intake conduit

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a fuel distributor according to the preamble of claim 1. It is already known from DE-A-3326408, which is considered to be the closest prior art, that such a fuel distributor for an internal combustion engine is known, which is used for supplying fuel to several so-called Feed type of trained fuel injectors is used, has a number of continuous valve receiving openings, in which the fuel injectors can be used, corresponding to the number of fuel injectors, and has a flow cross-section that is open to the valve receiving openings and that through a partition wall into an inflow cross section that serves as a fuel supply line, and one Return flow cross section is divided.
  • the entire main fuel flow supplied to the fuel distributor flows through the inflow cross section which is directly connected to the valve receiving openings, while the fuel not sprayed off by the fuel injection valves reaches the return flow cross section.
  • the formation of fuel vapor bubbles in the fuel injection valve can then lead to starting difficulties of the internal combustion engine if fuel containing vapor bubbles is sprayed off in the first seconds after the start.
  • the cause of the starting difficulties is the strong emaciation and thus the unwillingness to ignite the fuel-air mixture formed.
  • These vapor bubbles also form when the freshly conveyed cool fuel flowing in via the fuel distributor when starting from the inflow cross section directly into the Fuel injector arrives because the hottest area is directly around the valve seat and at the latest there the more volatile fuel components turn into steam.
  • a fuel distributor (DE-A-38 43 097) for fuel injectors in a top-feed design, in which two metal pipes running at a radial distance are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the fuel supply line, which are connected to an electrical voltage and for measuring the Alcohol concentration in the fuel.
  • the tubes are provided with radial openings so that a subset of the main fuel flow flowing through the interior of the inner tube radially passes through the two tubes and into an annular space surrounding the outer tube, which is connected to the nozzle of the top feed fuel injection valves is.
  • the amount of fuel present in the annulus is also flushed very quickly downstream from the nozzle of the fuel injectors into the fuel supply line during a hot start, and freshly delivered fuel reaches the fuel injectors, the evaporates and leads to starting difficulties.
  • the fuel distributor according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that even in the first seconds after the hot start of the internal combustion engine, the spraying of vapor-free fuel by the fuel injection valves is ensured by the formation of a sufficient reservoir with vapor-free fuel.
  • the fuel-air mixture thus formed has good ignitability.
  • the second channel serves to increase the volume surrounding the fuel injection valves so that when the hot internal combustion engine is switched off, a sufficient amount of vapor-free, i.e. liquid fuel can accumulate, which enables the internal combustion engine to start hot and ensures the fuel supply until the fuel injection valves are sufficiently cooled down that no vapor bubbles form in the fresh fuel which reaches the fuel injection valves from the first channel.
  • the fuel distributor with the fuel supply line divided by a partition into a first channel and a second channel can be produced in a simple and inexpensive manner.
  • the storage volume surrounding the fuel injection valves is formed between the wall of the valve receiving openings and the circumference of the respective fuel injection valve.
  • a tube is arranged in the fuel supply line, which forms the partition between the first channel and the second channel.
  • the outer diameter of the tube is smaller than the diameter of the inner wall of the fuel supply line.
  • Such a partition wall formed by the tube has a very large surface area, so that the fuel located in the second channel is cooled particularly well by the fuel flowing past in the first channel.
  • FIG. 1 shows a fuel distributor according to the invention according to a first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 shows a section along the line II-II in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 shows a fuel distributor according to the invention according to a second embodiment
  • FIG. 4 shows an enlarged section of the fuel distributor shown in FIG Figure 5 shows a fuel distributor according to the invention according to a third embodiment.
  • the fuel distributors for fuel injection systems of mixed-compression spark-ignition internal combustion engines are designated by 1.
  • the fuel distributor 1, which has, for example, an elongated shape, is used to supply fuel to at least two, in the first exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, for example, four fuel injection valves 3.
  • the fuel distributor 1 along a longitudinal distribution axis 6 has a number of stepped valve receiving openings 5, corresponding to the number of fuel injection valves 3, through which the fuel injection valves 3 can be inserted so that the walls of the valve receiving openings 5 the fuel injection valves 3 in the direction of a receiving longitudinal axis 7 at least partially surround each valve receiving opening 5.
  • the fuel distributor 1 is e.g. so arranged on an intake manifold 8 of an internal combustion engine that the fuel injectors 3 used in the fuel distributor 1 discharge the fuel into intake manifold channels 9 of the intake manifold 8, for example immediately before intake valves, not shown, of the internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injection valves 3 shown for example in Figures 1, 3 and 5 have at one connection end 10 an electrical connector 11 with e.g. two electrical contact elements 13 and, for example, two fuel supply openings 15 on their circumference.
  • the fuel is dispensed from a valve end 17 of the respective fuel injector facing away from the connection end 10 when it is actuated.
  • a known contacting strip 19, shown in dashed lines in FIGS. 1, 3 and 5, is used, for example, for the electrical contacting of the fuel injection valves 3 on their electrical contact elements 13.
  • each fuel injection valve 3 On the circumference of each fuel injection valve 3, above the fuel supply openings 15, which are formed at least approximately at the same axial height of the receiving longitudinal axis 7, face the connection end 10, a first annular groove 21 and below the fuel supply openings 15 face the valve end 17, a second annular groove 23 intended.
  • a first sealing ring 25 is arranged in the first annular groove 21 and a second sealing ring 27 is arranged in the second annular groove 23.
  • the sealing rings 25, 27 provide a seal between the circumference of the fuel injection valve 3 and the wall of the valve receiving opening 5, so that the fuel to be supplied to the fuel supply openings 15 of the fuel injection valve 3 is prevented from escaping from the valve receiving opening 5 at an undesired location.
  • a fuel supply line 29 running in the longitudinal direction of the fuel distributor parallel to the longitudinal axis 6 of the distributor is formed, which serves to supply fuel to the fuel injection valves 3, for example has a circular cross section and is connected to the valve receiving openings 5.
  • a pipe 31 is arranged in the fuel supply line 29, the circumference of which has approximately the same diameter as the inner one Wall of the fuel supply line 29.
  • the assembly of the tube 31 into the fuel supply line 29 can be done, for example, by pressing in the tube 31 having a slightly larger diameter than the inner wall of the fuel line 29, so that a firm hold of the tube 31 in the fuel supply line 29 is ensured.
  • the circumference of the tube 31 in the first exemplary embodiment lies partially against the wall of the fuel supply line 29.
  • the fuel supply line 29 is divided into a first channel 33 and a second channel 35.
  • the first channel 33 is through the inner wall of the tube 31 and the second channel 35 through part of the outer wall of the tube 31, which is designed as a partition 37 and is deformed such that the partition 37, for example, parallel to the longitudinal axes 7 of the valve receiving openings 5th runs and limits the inner wall of the fuel supply line 29 facing the valve receiving openings 5.
  • the second channel 35 is tangentially connected to the individual valve receiving openings 5 by means of overlapping openings 38.
  • the first dividing wall 37 of the fuel supply line 29 extends somewhat beyond the valve receiving openings 5 in the direction of the longitudinal distribution axis 6.
  • the second channel 35 of the fuel supply line 29 is used to form a fuel reservoir.
  • the first channel 33 is connected to the second channel 35 through at least one through opening 39 passing through the partition wall 37.
  • the main stream of the fuel flushing the fuel distributor 1 flushes the first channel 33 for cooling the fuel injection valves 3 and the fuel distributor 1 and flows past the second channel 35 only separately through the partition wall 37. Only a small part of the fuel flowing through the first channel 33 reaches the second channel 35 through, for example, a through opening 39 and replaces the fuel discharged from this reservoir by the fuel injection valves 3.
  • the passage opening 39 can be in the middle, but also at a different location of the partition 37.
  • a ventilation opening passing through the partition wall 37 44 and 45 are provided, which establish a connection between the second channel 35 and the first channel 33 and serve to vent the second channel 35 serving as a fuel reservoir. Not only can fuel change between the first channel 33 and the second channel 35 take place via the ventilation openings 44 and 45, but vapor bubbles can also pass from the second channel 35 into the first channel 33.
  • a storage volume 47 is formed which surrounds the fuel injection valve 3 and extends in the direction of the receiving longitudinal axis 7 from the first sealing ring 25 to the second sealing ring 27 and with the second channel 35 and with the fuel supply openings 15 of the respective fuel injection valve 3 is connected.
  • the second channel 35 of the fuel supply line 29 forming the fuel reservoir and the storage volume 47 surrounding each fuel injection valve 3 form a large volume which is present in the area of the fuel injection valves 3 and is referred to below as the thick juice store 49.
  • the person skilled in the art describes "thick juice" as the fuel which is reduced by the more volatile constituents which have escaped as vapor bubbles. Since this thick juice fuel has a high boiling point, it is less prone to vapor bubble formation than fuel of normal consistency. This is the only way to allow an exact metering of the amount of fuel during a hot start in liquid form, since steam bubbles can no longer influence metering.
  • the function of the thick juice accumulator 49 is as follows: after switching off a hot-running internal combustion engine equipped with the fuel distributor 1 according to the invention, there occurs one on the surface of the fuel injection valve 3 and of the fuel distributor 1 strong heat effect on the fuel which is now motionless in the thick juice store 49, since the cooling effect of the air flowing through the engine compartment, the cooling water circulated in the internal combustion engine and the fuel distributor 1 flushing during operation and partially flowing into the fuel reservoir formed by the second channel 35 There is no fuel. The result is heating of the fuel located in the thick juice store 49 and evaporation of the more volatile fuel components. This vapor bubble formation is further intensified by the fuel pressure in the first channel 33, which drops slowly after the internal combustion engine is switched off, and thus also in the thick juice reservoir 49.
  • the vapor bubbles collect on the partition 37 and at the latest at the next start of the internal combustion engine via the ventilation openings 44, 45 and the passage opening 39 from the second channel 35 of the fuel distributor line 29 into the first channel 33.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 A second exemplary embodiment according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, FIG. 4 showing a greatly enlarged section of the fuel distributor 1 shown in FIG. 3.
  • the same and equivalent parts are identified by the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a fuel supply line 29 running in the longitudinal direction of the fuel distributor and parallel to the longitudinal axis 6 of the distributor which serves to supply fuel to the fuel injection valves 3, e.g. has a circular cross section and is connected to the valve receiving openings 5 by means of the overlapping openings 38.
  • a tube 31 is arranged, which extends, for example, concentrically to the inner wall of the fuel supply line 29 and whose outer diameter is smaller than the diameter of the inner wall of the fuel supply line 29. This means that between the circumference of the tube 31 and the inner wall An annular gap 55 is formed in the fuel supply line 29.
  • the wall of the tube 31 serving as the partition 37 divides the fuel supply line 29 into the first channel 33 inside the tube 31 enclosed by the wall of the tube 31 and into the second channel 35 formed by the annular gap 55 outside the tube 31, both in parallel run to the distribution longitudinal axis 6.
  • the tube 31 is arranged eccentrically in the fuel supply line 29.
  • the second channel 35 is tangentially connected to the individual valve receiving openings 5 and to the storage volume 47 delimited in the radial direction by the circumference of the fuel injection valve 3 and the respective wall of the valve receiving opening 5.
  • the second channel 35 serves to form a fuel reservoir.
  • the wall of the tube 31 acting as a partition 37 between the two channels 33, 35 passes through at least one, for example circular or slit-shaped, passage opening 39 which connects the first channel 33 to the second channel 35.
  • the main stream of the fuel flushing the fuel distributor 1 flushes the first channel 33 for cooling the fuel injection valves 3 and the fuel distributor 1 and flows past the second channel 35 only separately through the partition wall 37. Only a small portion, which corresponds to the amount of fuel sprayed through the fuel injection valves 3, of the fuel flowing through the first channel 33 passes through, for example, a passage opening 39 into the second channel 35 and in this way replaces the fuel dispensed from this fuel reservoir.
  • the second channel 35 serving as the fuel reservoir and the individual storage volumes 47 surrounding the respective fuel injection valve 3 together form the thick juice reservoir 49, in which the hot internal combustion engine equipped with the fuel distributor 1 according to the invention, which is steam-free, that is to say liquid fuel, can accumulate and one enables trouble-free hot start of the internal combustion engine.
  • the annular fuel reservoir of the thick juice volume 49 which is formed around the tube 31 serving as the partition wall 37, is replaced by the fuel flushing through the first channel 33 of the fuel distributor 1 due to the large surface area of the e.g. Tube 31 arranged concentrically to the fuel supply line 29 is particularly well cooled.
  • FIG. 1 A third exemplary embodiment according to the invention is shown in FIG.
  • the same and equivalent parts are identified by the same reference numerals as in Figures 1 to 4.
  • a fuel supply line 29 is formed in the fuel distributor 1 which serves to supply fuel to the fuel injection valves 3, for example has a circular cross section and is connected to the valve receiving openings 5 by means of overlapping openings 38.
  • the fuel supply line 29 there is a strip 57, for example extending parallel to the longitudinal axis 6 of the fuel distributor 1 and forming the partition 37.
  • the strip 57 divides the fuel supply line 29 into a first channel 33 facing away from the valve receiving openings 5 and a second channel 35 tangentially connected to the individual valve receiving openings 5 and runs, for example, parallel to the longitudinal receiving axes 7 of the valve receiving openings 5.
  • the second channel 35 is used for formation of a fuel reservoir and is connected to the storage volume 47 surrounding the fuel injection valves 3, which together with the second channel 35 form the thick juice store 49.
  • a through opening 39 is formed in the partition wall 37, which connects the first channel 33 to the second channel 35. Cool fuel thus passes from the first channel 33 into the second channel 35 and replaces the fuel discharged from this fuel reservoir through the fuel injection valves 3.
  • the fuel distributor 1 according to the invention can e.g. by injection molding a metal or a plastic or also by forging a metal, e.g. of aluminum.
  • the tube 31 or the strip 57 are e.g. insert into the mold before injection molding.
  • a fuel distributor 1 according to the invention in an internal combustion engine enables spraying by forming a fuel reservoir with fuel free of vapor bubbles in the first seconds after the internal combustion engine has been hot started vapor-free and thus good ignitability fuel by the fuel injection valves and thus a reliable starting of the internal combustion engine and subsequent stable operation of the internal combustion engine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Brennstoffverteiler nach der Gattung des Anspruchs 1. Es ist bereits aus der DE-A-3326408, die als nächstkommender Stand der Technik angesehen wird, ein derartiger Brennstoffverteiler für eine Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, der zur Brennstoffversorgung mehrerer sogenannter in Side-Feed-Bauart ausgebildeter Brennstoffeinspritzventile dient, eine der Zahl der Brennstoffeinspritzventile entsprechende Anzahl von durchgehenden Ventilaufnahmeöffnungen, in die die Brennstoffeinspritzventile einsetzbar sind, und einen zu den Ventilaufnahmeöffnungen hin offenen Durchströmquerschnitt hat, der durch eine Trennwand in einen Zuströmquerschnitt, der als Brennstoffversorgungsleitung dient, und einen Rückströmquerschnitt geteilt ist. Dabei strömt über den direkt mit den Ventilaufnahmeöffnungen verbundenen Zuströmquerschnitt der gesamte dem Brennstoffverteiler zugeführte Brennstoff-Hauptstrom, während der nicht von den Brennstoffeinspritzventilen abgespritzte Brennstoff in den Rückströmquerschnitt gelangt. Bei einem Heißstart einer mit einem derartigen Brennstoffverteiler ausgestatteten Brennkraftmaschine kann es durch die Bildung von Brennstoffdampfblasen im Brennstoffeinspritzventil dann zu Startschwierigkeiten der Brennkraftmaschine kommen, wenn in den ersten Sekunden nach dem Start mit Dampfblasen versetzter Brennstoff abgespritzt wird. Ursache für die Startschwierigkeiten ist die starke Abmagerung und damit die Zündunwilligkeit des gebildeten Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches. Diese Dampfblasen bilden sich auch noch dann, wenn der beim Start über den Brennstoffverteiler zuströmende, frisch geförderte kühle Brennstoff aus dem Zuströmquerschnitt direkt in das Brennstoffeinspritzventil gelangt, da der heißeste Bereich unmittelbar um den Ventilsitz herum liegt und spätestens dort die leichter flüchtigen Brennstoffbestandteile in Dampf übergehen.The invention is based on a fuel distributor according to the preamble of claim 1. It is already known from DE-A-3326408, which is considered to be the closest prior art, that such a fuel distributor for an internal combustion engine is known, which is used for supplying fuel to several so-called Feed type of trained fuel injectors is used, has a number of continuous valve receiving openings, in which the fuel injectors can be used, corresponding to the number of fuel injectors, and has a flow cross-section that is open to the valve receiving openings and that through a partition wall into an inflow cross section that serves as a fuel supply line, and one Return flow cross section is divided. In this case, the entire main fuel flow supplied to the fuel distributor flows through the inflow cross section which is directly connected to the valve receiving openings, while the fuel not sprayed off by the fuel injection valves reaches the return flow cross section. In the event of a hot start of an internal combustion engine equipped with such a fuel distributor, the formation of fuel vapor bubbles in the fuel injection valve can then lead to starting difficulties of the internal combustion engine if fuel containing vapor bubbles is sprayed off in the first seconds after the start. The cause of the starting difficulties is the strong emaciation and thus the unwillingness to ignite the fuel-air mixture formed. These vapor bubbles also form when the freshly conveyed cool fuel flowing in via the fuel distributor when starting from the inflow cross section directly into the Fuel injector arrives because the hottest area is directly around the valve seat and at the latest there the more volatile fuel components turn into steam.

Bekannt ist ebenfalls ein Brennstoffverteiler (DE-A-38 43 097) für Brennstoffeinspritzventile in Top-Feed-Bauart, bei dem in Längsrichtung der Brennstoffversorgungsleitung zwei mit radialem Abstand verlaufende, metallene Rohre angeordnet sind, die an einer elektrischen Spannung liegen und zur Messung der Alkoholkonzentration im Brennstoff dienen. Die Rohre sind mit radialen Öffnungen versehen, so daß eine Teilmenge des durch das Innere des inneren Rohres fließenden Brennstoff-Hauptstromes radial durch die beiden Rohre hindurchtritt und in einen das äußere Rohr umgebenden Ringraum gelangt, der mit den Stutzen der Top-Feed-Brennstoffeinspritzventile verbunden ist. Infolge der durch die Rohre gebildeten Doppelwand wird bei einem Heißstart keine Kühlung des sich im Ringraum befindlichen Brennstoffes durch den im inneren Rohr strömenden Brennstoff-Hauptstrom erzielt. Da zur Konzentrationsmessung ständig eine relativ große Brennstoffmenge radial durch die Rohre strömen muß, wird bei einem Heißstart außerdem die im Ringraum vorhandene Brennstoffmenge sehr schnell von den Stutzen der Brennstoffeinspritzventile weg nach stromabwärts in die Brennstoffversorgungsleitung gespült, und frisch geförderter Brennstoff gelangt in die Brennstoffeinspritzventile, der ausdampft und zu Startschwierigkeiten führt.Also known is a fuel distributor (DE-A-38 43 097) for fuel injectors in a top-feed design, in which two metal pipes running at a radial distance are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the fuel supply line, which are connected to an electrical voltage and for measuring the Alcohol concentration in the fuel. The tubes are provided with radial openings so that a subset of the main fuel flow flowing through the interior of the inner tube radially passes through the two tubes and into an annular space surrounding the outer tube, which is connected to the nozzle of the top feed fuel injection valves is. As a result of the double wall formed by the tubes, no cooling of the fuel located in the annular space is achieved by the main fuel flow flowing in the inner tube during a hot start. Since a relatively large amount of fuel constantly has to flow radially through the tubes for concentration measurement, the amount of fuel present in the annulus is also flushed very quickly downstream from the nozzle of the fuel injectors into the fuel supply line during a hot start, and freshly delivered fuel reaches the fuel injectors, the evaporates and leads to starting difficulties.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Der erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffverteiler mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß auch in den ersten Sekunden nach dem Heißstart der Brennkraftmaschine das Abspritzen dampfblasenfreien Brennstoffs durch die Brennstoffeinspritzventile gewährleistet ist durch die Bildung eines ausreichenden Reservoirs mit dampfblasenfreiem Brennstoff. Das so gebildete Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisch weist eine gute Zündfähigkeit auf. Der zweite Kanal dient dazu, das die Brennstoffeinspritzventile umgebende Volumen so zu vergrößern, daß sich bei dem Abstellen der heißen Brennkraftmaschine eine ausreichende Menge dampffreien, also flüssigen Brennstoffes ansammeln kann, die einen Heißstart der Brennkraftmaschine ermöglicht und so lange die Brennstoffversorgung sicherstellt, bis die Brennstoffeinspritzventile ausreichend abgekühlt sind, daß sich in dem frischen Brennstoff, der aus dem ersten Kanal zu den Brennstoffeinspritzventilen gelangt, keine Dampfblasen bilden.The fuel distributor according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that even in the first seconds after the hot start of the internal combustion engine, the spraying of vapor-free fuel by the fuel injection valves is ensured by the formation of a sufficient reservoir with vapor-free fuel. The fuel-air mixture thus formed has good ignitability. The second channel serves to increase the volume surrounding the fuel injection valves so that when the hot internal combustion engine is switched off, a sufficient amount of vapor-free, i.e. liquid fuel can accumulate, which enables the internal combustion engine to start hot and ensures the fuel supply until the fuel injection valves are sufficiently cooled down that no vapor bubbles form in the fresh fuel which reaches the fuel injection valves from the first channel.

Der Brennstoffverteiler mit der durch eine Trennwand in einen ersten Kanal und in einen zweiten Kanal aufgeteilten Brennstoffversorgungsleitung läßt sich auf einfache und kostengünstige Art und Weise herstellen.The fuel distributor with the fuel supply line divided by a partition into a first channel and a second channel can be produced in a simple and inexpensive manner.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Brennstoffverteilers möglich.Advantageous further developments and improvements of the fuel distributor specified in claim 1 are possible through the measures listed in the subclaims.

Für eine zusätzliche Vergrößerung des die Brennstoffeinspritzventile umgebenden Volumens ist es vorteilhaft, wenn zwischen der Wandung der Ventilaufnahmeöffnungen und dem Umfang des jeweiligen Brennstoffeinspritzventils die Brennstoffeinspritzventile umgebende Speichervolumen gebildet sind.For an additional enlargement of the volume surrounding the fuel injection valves, it is advantageous if the storage volume surrounding the fuel injection valves is formed between the wall of the valve receiving openings and the circumference of the respective fuel injection valve.

Zur einfachen und kostengünstigen Ausbildung einer Trennwand ist es vorteilhaft, wenn in der Brennstoffversorgungsleitung ein Rohr angeordnet ist, das die Trennwand zwischen dem ersten Kanal und dem zweiten Kanal bildet.For simple and inexpensive formation of a partition, it is advantageous if a tube is arranged in the fuel supply line, which forms the partition between the first channel and the second channel.

Von Vorteil ist es, wenn der äußere Durchmesser des Rohres kleiner ist als der Durchmesser der inneren Wandung der Brennstoffversorgungsleitung. Eine solche durch das Rohr gebildete Trennwand weist eine sehr große Oberfläche auf, so daß der in dem zweiten Kanal befindliche Brennstoff durch den in dem ersten Kanal vorbeiströmenden Brennstoff besonders gut gekühlt wird.It is advantageous if the outer diameter of the tube is smaller than the diameter of the inner wall of the fuel supply line. Such a partition wall formed by the tube has a very large surface area, so that the fuel located in the second channel is cooled particularly well by the fuel flowing past in the first channel.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 einen erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffverteiler gemäß eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels, Figur 2 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie II-II in Figur 1, Figur 3 einen erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffverteiler gemäß eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels, Figur 4 einen vergrößert dargestellten Ausschnitt des in der Figur 3 dargestellten Brennstoffverteilers und Figur 5 einen erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffverteiler gemäß eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels.Embodiments of the invention are shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. 1 shows a fuel distributor according to the invention according to a first embodiment, FIG. 2 shows a section along the line II-II in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows a fuel distributor according to the invention according to a second embodiment, FIG. 4 shows an enlarged section of the fuel distributor shown in FIG Figure 5 shows a fuel distributor according to the invention according to a third embodiment.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

Die in der Zeichnung beispielsweise dargestellten Brennstoffverteiler für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von gemischverdichtenden fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen sind mit 1 bezeichnet. Der beispielsweise eine langgestreckte Form aufweisende Brennstoffverteiler 1 dient zur Brennstoffversorgung von zumindest zwei, bei dem in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellten ersten Ausführungsbeispiel von z.B. vier Brennstoffeinspritzventilen 3. Zur Aufnahme der Brennstoffeinspritzventile 3 hat der Brennstoffverteiler 1 entlang einer Verteilerlängsachse 6 eine der Zahl der Brennstoffeinspritzventile 3 entsprechende Anzahl von durch den Brennstoffverteiler 1 hindurchgehenden gestuften Ventilaufnahmeöffnungen 5, in die die Brennstoffeinspritzventile 3 so eingesetzt werden können, daß die Wandungen der Ventilaufnahmeöffnungen 5 die Brennstoffeinspritzventile 3 in Richtung einer Aufnahmelängsachse 7 jeder Ventilaufnahmeöffnung 5 zumindest teilweise umgeben.The fuel distributors for fuel injection systems of mixed-compression spark-ignition internal combustion engines, for example shown in the drawing, are designated by 1. The fuel distributor 1, which has, for example, an elongated shape, is used to supply fuel to at least two, in the first exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, for example, four fuel injection valves 3. For receiving the fuel injection valves 3, the fuel distributor 1 along a longitudinal distribution axis 6 has a number of stepped valve receiving openings 5, corresponding to the number of fuel injection valves 3, through which the fuel injection valves 3 can be inserted so that the walls of the valve receiving openings 5 the fuel injection valves 3 in the direction of a receiving longitudinal axis 7 at least partially surround each valve receiving opening 5.

Der Brennstoffverteiler 1 ist z.B. so an einem Saugrohr 8 einer Brennkraftmaschine angeordnet, daß die in dem Brennstoffverteiler 1 eingesetzten Brennstoffeinspritzventile 3 den Brennstoff in Saugrohrkanäle 9 des Saugrohres 8 abgeben, beispielsweise unmittelbar vor nicht dargestellte Einlaßventile der Brennkraftmaschine.The fuel distributor 1 is e.g. so arranged on an intake manifold 8 of an internal combustion engine that the fuel injectors 3 used in the fuel distributor 1 discharge the fuel into intake manifold channels 9 of the intake manifold 8, for example immediately before intake valves, not shown, of the internal combustion engine.

Die in den Figuren 1, 3 und 5 beispielsweise dargestellten Brennstoffeinspritzventile 3 haben an einem Anschlußende 10 einen elektrischen Anschlußstecker 11 mit z.B. zwei elektrischen Kontaktelementen 13 und an ihrem Umfang beispielsweise zwei Brennstoffzufuhröffnungen 15. Der Brennstoff wird aus einem dem Anschlußende 10 abgewandten Ventilende 17 des jeweiligen Brennstoffeinspritzventils bei dessen Betätigung abgegeben.The fuel injection valves 3 shown for example in Figures 1, 3 and 5 have at one connection end 10 an electrical connector 11 with e.g. two electrical contact elements 13 and, for example, two fuel supply openings 15 on their circumference. The fuel is dispensed from a valve end 17 of the respective fuel injector facing away from the connection end 10 when it is actuated.

Zur elektrischen Kontaktierung der Brennstoffeinspritzventile 3 an deren elektrischen Kontaktelementen 13 dient beispielsweise eine in den Figuren 1, 3 und 5 gestrichelt dargestellte bekannte Kontaktierungsleiste 19.A known contacting strip 19, shown in dashed lines in FIGS. 1, 3 and 5, is used, for example, for the electrical contacting of the fuel injection valves 3 on their electrical contact elements 13.

An dem Umfang jedes Brennstoffeinspritzventils 3 sind oberhalb der zumindest in etwa in der gleichen axialen Höhe der Aufnahmelängsachse 7 ausgebildeten Brennstoffzufuhröffnungen 15 dem Anschlußende 10 zugewandt eine erste Ringnut 21 und unterhalb der Brennstoffzufuhröffnungen 15 dem Ventilende 17 zugewandt eine zweite Ringnut 23 vorgesehen. In der ersten Ringnut 21 ist ein erster Dichtring 25 und in der zweiten Ringnut 23 ein zweiter Dichtring 27 angeordnet. Die Dichtringe 25, 27 stellen eine Abdichtung zwischen dem Umfang des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 3 und der Wandung der Ventilaufnahmeöffnung 5 her, so daß verhindert wird, daß der den Brennstoffzufuhröffnungen 15 des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 3 zuzuführende Brennstoff aus der Ventilaufnahmeöffnung 5 an unerwünschter Stelle austritt.On the circumference of each fuel injection valve 3, above the fuel supply openings 15, which are formed at least approximately at the same axial height of the receiving longitudinal axis 7, face the connection end 10, a first annular groove 21 and below the fuel supply openings 15 face the valve end 17, a second annular groove 23 intended. A first sealing ring 25 is arranged in the first annular groove 21 and a second sealing ring 27 is arranged in the second annular groove 23. The sealing rings 25, 27 provide a seal between the circumference of the fuel injection valve 3 and the wall of the valve receiving opening 5, so that the fuel to be supplied to the fuel supply openings 15 of the fuel injection valve 3 is prevented from escaping from the valve receiving opening 5 at an undesired location.

In dem Brennstoffverteiler 1 ist eine in Längsrichtung des Brennstoffverteilers parallel zu der Verteilerlängsachse 6 verlaufende Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 ausgebildet, die der Brennstoffversorgung der Brennstoffeinspritzventile 3 dient, beispielsweise einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt hat und mit den Ventilaufnahmeöffnungen 5 in Verbindung steht.In the fuel distributor 1, a fuel supply line 29 running in the longitudinal direction of the fuel distributor parallel to the longitudinal axis 6 of the distributor is formed, which serves to supply fuel to the fuel injection valves 3, for example has a circular cross section and is connected to the valve receiving openings 5.

Bei dem in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellten ersten Ausführungsbeispiel, wobei die Figur 2 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie II-II in Figur 1 zeigt, ist in der Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 ein Rohr 31 angeordnet, dessen Umfang in etwa den gleichen Durchmesser hat wie die innere Wandung der Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29. Die Montage des Rohres 31 in die Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 kann beispielsweise durch Einpressen des einen geringfügig größeren Durchmesser als die innere Wandung der Brennstoffleitung 29 aufweisenden Rohres 31 erfolgen, so daß ein fester Halt des Rohres 31 in der Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 gewährleistet ist. Es ist aber auch möglich, das einen etwas kleineren Durchmesser als die Wandung der Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 aufweisende Rohr 31 in die Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 einzuschieben und beispielsweise an seinen Enden mit dem Brennstoffververteiler zu verbinden.In the first exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, FIG. 2 showing a section along the line II-II in FIG. 1, a pipe 31 is arranged in the fuel supply line 29, the circumference of which has approximately the same diameter as the inner one Wall of the fuel supply line 29. The assembly of the tube 31 into the fuel supply line 29 can be done, for example, by pressing in the tube 31 having a slightly larger diameter than the inner wall of the fuel line 29, so that a firm hold of the tube 31 in the fuel supply line 29 is ensured. However, it is also possible to insert the tube 31, which has a somewhat smaller diameter than the wall of the fuel supply line 29, into the fuel supply line 29 and to connect it, for example, at its ends to the fuel distributor.

Das Rohr 31 bei dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel liegt mit seinem Umfang teilweise an der Wandung der Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 an. Im Bereich der beispielsweise vier Ventilaufnahmeöffnungen 5 ist der Querschnitt des Rohres 31 in Richtung senkrecht zu der Verteilerlängsachse 6 den Ventilaufnahmeöffnungen 5 abgewandt teilweise durch Zusammenpressen plastisch verformt. Auf diese Weise wird die Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 in einen ersten Kanal 33 und in einen zweiten Kanal 35 aufgeteilt. Der erste Kanal 33 wird durch die innere Wandung des Rohres 31 und der zweite Kanal 35 durch einen Teil der äußeren Wandung des Rohres 31, der als Trennwand 37 ausgebildet und so verformt ist, daß die Trennwand 37 z.B. parallel zu den Aufnahmelängsachsen 7 der Ventilaufnahmeöffnungen 5 verläuft und der den Ventilaufnahmeöffnungen 5 zugewandten inneren Wandung der Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 begrenzt. Der zweite Kanal 35 steht tangential mit den einzelnen Ventilaufnahmeöffnungen 5 mittels Überschneidungsöffnungen 38 in Verbindung. Bei dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel erstreckt sich die erste Trennwand 37 der Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 in Richtung der Verteilerlängsachse 6 etwas über die Ventilaufnahmeöffnungen 5 hinaus.The circumference of the tube 31 in the first exemplary embodiment lies partially against the wall of the fuel supply line 29. In the area of, for example, four valve receiving openings 5 the cross-section of the tube 31 in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 6 of the valve receptacle 5 facing away plastically deformed by pressing together. In this way, the fuel supply line 29 is divided into a first channel 33 and a second channel 35. The first channel 33 is through the inner wall of the tube 31 and the second channel 35 through part of the outer wall of the tube 31, which is designed as a partition 37 and is deformed such that the partition 37, for example, parallel to the longitudinal axes 7 of the valve receiving openings 5th runs and limits the inner wall of the fuel supply line 29 facing the valve receiving openings 5. The second channel 35 is tangentially connected to the individual valve receiving openings 5 by means of overlapping openings 38. In the first exemplary embodiment, the first dividing wall 37 of the fuel supply line 29 extends somewhat beyond the valve receiving openings 5 in the direction of the longitudinal distribution axis 6.

Der zweite Kanal 35 der Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 dient zur Bildung eines Brennstoffreservoirs. Durch mindestens eine durch die Trennwand 37 hindurchgehende Durchgangsöffnung 39 steht der erste Kanal 33 mit dem zweiten Kanal 35 in Verbindung. Der den Brennstoffverteiler 1 spülende Hauptstrom des Brennstoffs durchspült zur Kühlung der Brennstoffeinspritzventile 3 und des Brennstoffverteilers 1 den ersten Kanal 33 und strömt an dem zweiten Kanal 35 nur durch die Trennwand 37 getrennt vorbei. Nur ein geringer Teil des durch den ersten Kanal 33 strömenden Brennstoffs gelangt durch die beispielsweise eine Durchgangsöffnung 39 in den zweiten Kanal 35 und ersetzt den aus diesem Reservoir durch die Brennstoffeinspritzventile 3 abgegebenen Brennstoff. Die Durchgangsöffnung 39 kann in der Mitte, aber auch an anderer Stelle der Trennwand 37 liegen.The second channel 35 of the fuel supply line 29 is used to form a fuel reservoir. The first channel 33 is connected to the second channel 35 through at least one through opening 39 passing through the partition wall 37. The main stream of the fuel flushing the fuel distributor 1 flushes the first channel 33 for cooling the fuel injection valves 3 and the fuel distributor 1 and flows past the second channel 35 only separately through the partition wall 37. Only a small part of the fuel flowing through the first channel 33 reaches the second channel 35 through, for example, a through opening 39 and replaces the fuel discharged from this reservoir by the fuel injection valves 3. The passage opening 39 can be in the middle, but also at a different location of the partition 37.

Zusätzlich sind an zwei Enden 41 bzw. 42 des zweiten Kanals 35 z.B. jeweils eine durch die Trennwand 37 hindurchgehende Entlüftungsöffnung 44 bzw. 45 vorgesehen, die eine Verbindung zwischen dem zweiten Kanal 35 und dem ersten Kanal 33 herstellen und zur Entlüftung des als Brennstoffreservoir dienenden zweiten Kanals 35 dienen. Über die Entlüftungsöffnungen 44 bzw. 45 kann nicht nur ein Brennstoffwechsel zwischen dem ersten Kanal 33 und dem zweiten Kanal 35 erfolgen, sondern es können auch Dampfblasen vom zweiten Kanal 35 in den ersten Kanal 33 übertreten.In addition, at two ends 41 and 42 of the second channel 35 there are, for example, a ventilation opening passing through the partition wall 37 44 and 45 are provided, which establish a connection between the second channel 35 and the first channel 33 and serve to vent the second channel 35 serving as a fuel reservoir. Not only can fuel change between the first channel 33 and the second channel 35 take place via the ventilation openings 44 and 45, but vapor bubbles can also pass from the second channel 35 into the first channel 33.

In radialer Richtung zwischen der Wandung jeder Ventilaufnahmeöffnung 5 und dem Umfang des jeweiligen Brennstoffeinspritzventils 3 ist ein das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 3 umgebendes Speichervolumen 47 gebildet, das sich in Richtung der Aufnahmelängsachse 7 von dem ersten Dichtring 25 bis zu dem zweiten Dichtring 27 erstreckt und mit dem zweiten Kanal 35 sowie mit den Brennstoffzufuhröffnungen 15 des jeweiligen Brennstoffeinspritzventils 3 in Verbindung steht.In the radial direction between the wall of each valve receiving opening 5 and the circumference of the respective fuel injection valve 3, a storage volume 47 is formed which surrounds the fuel injection valve 3 and extends in the direction of the receiving longitudinal axis 7 from the first sealing ring 25 to the second sealing ring 27 and with the second channel 35 and with the fuel supply openings 15 of the respective fuel injection valve 3 is connected.

Der das Brennstoffreservoir bildende zweite Kanal 35 der Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 und das jedes Brennstoffeinspritzventil 3 umgebende Speichervolumen 47 bilden ein großes im Bereich der Brennstoffeinspritzventile 3 vorhandenes, im folgenden als Dicksaftspeicher 49 bezeichnetes Volumen. Als "Dicksaft" bezeichnet der Fachmann den um die leichter flüchtigen Bestandteile, die als Dampfblasen ausgetreten sind, verminderten Brennstoff. Da dieser Dicksaft-Brennstoff einen erhöhten Siedepunkt aufweist, neigt er weniger zur Dampfblasenbildung als Brennstoff normaler Konsistenz. Erst dadurch ist eine exakte Zumessung der Brennstoffmenge beim in flüssiger Form Heißstart möglich, da Dampfblasen die Zumessung nicht mehr beeinflussen können.The second channel 35 of the fuel supply line 29 forming the fuel reservoir and the storage volume 47 surrounding each fuel injection valve 3 form a large volume which is present in the area of the fuel injection valves 3 and is referred to below as the thick juice store 49. The person skilled in the art describes "thick juice" as the fuel which is reduced by the more volatile constituents which have escaped as vapor bubbles. Since this thick juice fuel has a high boiling point, it is less prone to vapor bubble formation than fuel of normal consistency. This is the only way to allow an exact metering of the amount of fuel during a hot start in liquid form, since steam bubbles can no longer influence metering.

Die Funktion des Dicksaftspeichers 49 ist wie folgt: Nach Abstellen einer mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffverteiler 1 ausgerüsteten, heißgefahrenen Brennkraftmaschine kommt es an der Oberfläche des Brennstoffeinspritzventiles 3 und des Brennstoffverteilers 1 zu einer starken Wärmeeinwirkung auf den nun bewegungslos im Dicksaftspeicher 49 befindlichen Brennstoff, da die kühlende Wirkung der den Motorraum durchströmenden Luft, des in der Brennkraftmaschine umgewälzten Kühlwassers und des während des Betriebes den Brennstoffverteiler 1 spülenden und teilweise in das durch den zweiten Kanal 35 gebildete Brennstoffreservoir einströmenden frischen Brennstoffes fehlt. Die Folge ist eine Erwärmung des im Dicksaftspeicher 49 befindlichen Brennstoffes und ein Ausdampfen der leichter flüchtigen Brennstoffbestandteile. Diese Dampfblasenbildung wird durch den nach Abstellen der Brennkraftmaschine langsam abfallenden Brennstoffdruck in dem ersten Kanal 33 und damit auch im Dicksaftspeicher 49 noch verstärkt. Die Dampfblasen sammeln sich an der Trennwand 37 und treten spätestens beim nächsten Start der Brennkraftmaschine über die Entlüftungsöffnungen 44, 45 und die Durchgangsöffnung 39 aus dem zweiten Kanal 35 der Brennstoffverteilerleitung 29 in den ersten Kanal 33 über. Einige Zeit nach dem Abstellen der heißgefahrenen Brennkraftmaschine sind alle leichter flüchtigen Brennstoffbestandteile innerhalb des Dicksaftspeichers 49 verdampft, zurück bleibt der Dicksaft. Kommt es nun zu einem Heißstart der Brennkraftmaschine, so wird für die ersten Sekunden nach dem Start eben dieser flüssige Dicksaft durch das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 3 abgespritzt. Dadurch ist die Zündwilligkeit des aufbereiteten Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches vom Start an gewährleistet. Durch die zwischen dem ersten Kanal 33 und dem zweiten Kanal 35 in der Trennwand 37 ausgebildete Durchgangsöffnung 39 gelangt zunehmend der durch eine nicht dargestellte Brennstoffpumpe geförderte kühle Brennstoff zu den Brennstoffeinspritzventilen 3. Ein sinnvoller Übergang von der Förderung von Dicksaft zur Förderung von kühlem Brennstoff läßt sich durch eine angepaßte Wahl der Große des Dicksaftspeichers 49 erreichen, also durch eine Wahl der Größe des zweiten Kanals 35 und des Speichervolumes 47.The function of the thick juice accumulator 49 is as follows: after switching off a hot-running internal combustion engine equipped with the fuel distributor 1 according to the invention, there occurs one on the surface of the fuel injection valve 3 and of the fuel distributor 1 strong heat effect on the fuel which is now motionless in the thick juice store 49, since the cooling effect of the air flowing through the engine compartment, the cooling water circulated in the internal combustion engine and the fuel distributor 1 flushing during operation and partially flowing into the fuel reservoir formed by the second channel 35 There is no fuel. The result is heating of the fuel located in the thick juice store 49 and evaporation of the more volatile fuel components. This vapor bubble formation is further intensified by the fuel pressure in the first channel 33, which drops slowly after the internal combustion engine is switched off, and thus also in the thick juice reservoir 49. The vapor bubbles collect on the partition 37 and at the latest at the next start of the internal combustion engine via the ventilation openings 44, 45 and the passage opening 39 from the second channel 35 of the fuel distributor line 29 into the first channel 33. Some time after the hot engine has been switched off, all of the more volatile fuel components within the thick juice store 49 have evaporated, leaving the thick juice. If the internal combustion engine now starts hot, this liquid thick juice is sprayed through the fuel injection valve 3 for the first seconds after the start. This ensures that the prepared fuel-air mixture is ready to ignite from the start. Through the through opening 39 formed in the partition 37 between the first duct 33 and the second duct 35, the cool fuel conveyed by a fuel pump (not shown) increasingly reaches the fuel injection valves 3. A sensible transition from the conveyance of thick juice to the conveyance of cool fuel can be achieved can be achieved by a suitable choice of the size of the thick juice store 49, that is to say by a choice of the size of the second channel 35 and the storage volume 47.

Ein zweites erfindungsgemäßes Ausführungsbeispiel ist in den Figuren 3 und 4 dargestellt, wobei die Figur 4 einen stark vergrößerten Ausschnitt des in der Figur 3 dargestellten Brennstoffverteilers 1 zeigt. Gleiche und gleichwirkende Teile sind durch die gleichen Bezugszeichen gekennzeichnet, wie in den Figuren 1 und 2.A second exemplary embodiment according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, FIG. 4 showing a greatly enlarged section of the fuel distributor 1 shown in FIG. 3. The same and equivalent parts are identified by the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 and 2.

In dem Brennstoffverteiler 1 ist eine in Längsrichtung des Brennstoffverteilers parallel zu der Verteilerlängsachse 6 verlaufende Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 ausgebildet, die der Brennstoffversorgung der Brennstoffeinspritzventile 3 dient, z.B. einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt hat und mit den Ventilaufnahmeöffnungen 5 mittels der Überschneidungsöffnungen 38 in Verbindung steht. In der Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 ist ein Rohr 31 angeordnet, das beispielsweise konzentrisch zu der inneren Wandung der Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 verläuft und dessen äußerer Durchmesser kleiner ist als der Durchmesser der inneren Wandung der Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29. Dadurch ist zwischen dem Umfang des Rohres 31 und der inneren Wandung der Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 ein ringförmiger Spalt 55 gebildet. Die als Trennwand 37 dienende Wandung des Rohres 31 teilt die Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 in den durch die Wandung des Rohres 31 umschlossenen ersten Kanal 33 innerhalb des Rohres 31 und in den durch den ringförmigen Spalt 55 gebildeten zweiten Kanal 35 außerhalb des Rohres 31 auf, die beide parallel zu der Verteilerlängsachse 6 verlaufen.In the fuel distributor 1, a fuel supply line 29 running in the longitudinal direction of the fuel distributor and parallel to the longitudinal axis 6 of the distributor is formed, which serves to supply fuel to the fuel injection valves 3, e.g. has a circular cross section and is connected to the valve receiving openings 5 by means of the overlapping openings 38. In the fuel supply line 29, a tube 31 is arranged, which extends, for example, concentrically to the inner wall of the fuel supply line 29 and whose outer diameter is smaller than the diameter of the inner wall of the fuel supply line 29. This means that between the circumference of the tube 31 and the inner wall An annular gap 55 is formed in the fuel supply line 29. The wall of the tube 31 serving as the partition 37 divides the fuel supply line 29 into the first channel 33 inside the tube 31 enclosed by the wall of the tube 31 and into the second channel 35 formed by the annular gap 55 outside the tube 31, both in parallel run to the distribution longitudinal axis 6.

Es ist aber auch möglich, daß das Rohr 31 exzentrisch in der Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 angeordnet ist.But it is also possible that the tube 31 is arranged eccentrically in the fuel supply line 29.

Der zweite Kanal 35 steht tangential mit den einzelnen Ventilaufnahmeöffnungen 5 und dem in radialer Richtung durch den Umfang des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 3 und die jeweilige Wandung der Ventilaufnahmeöffnung 5 begrenzten Speichervolumen 47 in Verbindung. Der zweite Kanal 35 dient zur Bildung eines Brennstoffreservoirs. Durch die als Trennwand 37 zwischen den beiden Kanälen 33, 35 wirkende Wandung des Rohres 31 geht zumindest eine z.B. kreisförmige oder schlitzförmige Durchgangsöffnung 39 hindurch, die den ersten Kanal 33 mit dem zweiten Kanal 35 verbindet.The second channel 35 is tangentially connected to the individual valve receiving openings 5 and to the storage volume 47 delimited in the radial direction by the circumference of the fuel injection valve 3 and the respective wall of the valve receiving opening 5. The second channel 35 serves to form a fuel reservoir. By the wall of the tube 31 acting as a partition 37 between the two channels 33, 35 passes through at least one, for example circular or slit-shaped, passage opening 39 which connects the first channel 33 to the second channel 35.

Der den Brennstoffverteiler 1 spülende Hauptstrom des Brennstoffs durchspült zur Kühlung der Brennstoffeinspritzventile 3 und des Brennstoffverteilers 1 den ersten Kanal 33 und strömt an dem zweiten Kanal 35 nur durch die Trennwand 37 getrennt vorbei. Nur ein geringer Teil, der der durch die Brennstoffeinspritzventile 3 abgespritzten Brennstoffmenge entspricht, des durch den ersten Kanal 33 strömenden Brennstoffs gelangt durch die beispielsweise eine Durchgangsöffnung 39 in den zweiten Kanal 35 und ersetzt auf diese Weise den aus diesem Brennstoffreservoir abgegebenen Brennstoff.The main stream of the fuel flushing the fuel distributor 1 flushes the first channel 33 for cooling the fuel injection valves 3 and the fuel distributor 1 and flows past the second channel 35 only separately through the partition wall 37. Only a small portion, which corresponds to the amount of fuel sprayed through the fuel injection valves 3, of the fuel flowing through the first channel 33 passes through, for example, a passage opening 39 into the second channel 35 and in this way replaces the fuel dispensed from this fuel reservoir.

Der als Brennstoffreservoir dienende zweite Kanal 35 und die einzelnen, das jeweilige Brennstoffeinspritzventil 3 umgebenden Speichervolumen 47 bilden gemeinsam den Dicksaftspeicher 49, in dem sich der nach dem Abstellen der mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffverteiler 1 ausgerüsteten heißen Brennkraftmaschine dampffreie, also flüssige Brennstoff ansammeln kann und der einen problemlosen Heißstart der Brennkraftmaschine ermöglicht.The second channel 35 serving as the fuel reservoir and the individual storage volumes 47 surrounding the respective fuel injection valve 3 together form the thick juice reservoir 49, in which the hot internal combustion engine equipped with the fuel distributor 1 according to the invention, which is steam-free, that is to say liquid fuel, can accumulate and one enables trouble-free hot start of the internal combustion engine.

Das um das als Trennwand 37 dienende Rohr 31 herum gebildete ringförmige Brennstoffreservoir des Dicksaftvolumens 49 wird durch den den ersten Kanal 33 des Brennstoffverteilers 1 durchspülenden Brennstoff aufgrund der großen Oberfläche des z.B. konzentrisch zu der Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 angeordneten Rohres 31 besonders gut gekühlt.The annular fuel reservoir of the thick juice volume 49, which is formed around the tube 31 serving as the partition wall 37, is replaced by the fuel flushing through the first channel 33 of the fuel distributor 1 due to the large surface area of the e.g. Tube 31 arranged concentrically to the fuel supply line 29 is particularly well cooled.

Ein drittes erfindungsgemäßes Ausführungsbeispiel ist in der Figur 5 dargestellt. Gleiche und gleichwirkende Teile sind durch die gleichen Bezugszeichen gekennzeichnet wie in den Figuren 1 bis 4. In Längsrichtung des Brennstoffverteilers 1 parallel zu der Längsachse 6 verlaufend ist in dem Brennstoffverteiler 1 eine Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 ausgebildet, die der Brennstoffversorgung der Brennstoffeinspritzventile 3 dient, z.B. einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt hat und mit den Ventilaufnahmeöffnungen 5 mittels Überschneidungsöffnungen 38 in Verbindung steht. In der Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 ist ein sich z.B. parallel zu der Verteilerlängsachse 6 des Brennstoffverteilers 1 erstreckender, die Trennwand 37 bildender Streifen 57 angeordnet. Der Streifen 57 teilt die Brennstoffversorgungsleitung 29 in einen den Ventilaufnahmeöffnungen 5 abgewandten ersten Kanal 33 und einen tangential mit den einzelnen Ventilaufnahmeöffnungen 5 in Verbindung stehenden zweiten Kanal 35 auf und verläuft z.B. parallel zu den Aufnahmelängsachsen 7 der Ventilaufnahmeöffnungen 5. Der zweite Kanal 35 dient zur Bildung eines Brennstoffreservoirs und ist mit den die Brennstoffeinspritzventile 3 umgebenden Speichervolumen 47 verbunden, die gemeinsam mit dem zweiten Kanal 35 den Dicksaftspeicher 49 bilden. In der Trennwand 37 ist z.B. eine Durchgangsöffnung 39 ausgebildet, die den ersten Kanal 33 mit dem zweiten Kanal 35 verbindet. So gelangt kühler Brennstoff aus dem ersten Kanal 33 in den zweiten Kanal 35 und ersetzt den aus diesem Brennstoffreservoir durch die Brennstoffeinspritzventile 3 abgegebenen Brennstoff.A third exemplary embodiment according to the invention is shown in FIG. The same and equivalent parts are identified by the same reference numerals as in Figures 1 to 4. In Running in the longitudinal direction of the fuel distributor 1 parallel to the longitudinal axis 6, a fuel supply line 29 is formed in the fuel distributor 1 which serves to supply fuel to the fuel injection valves 3, for example has a circular cross section and is connected to the valve receiving openings 5 by means of overlapping openings 38. In the fuel supply line 29 there is a strip 57, for example extending parallel to the longitudinal axis 6 of the fuel distributor 1 and forming the partition 37. The strip 57 divides the fuel supply line 29 into a first channel 33 facing away from the valve receiving openings 5 and a second channel 35 tangentially connected to the individual valve receiving openings 5 and runs, for example, parallel to the longitudinal receiving axes 7 of the valve receiving openings 5. The second channel 35 is used for formation of a fuel reservoir and is connected to the storage volume 47 surrounding the fuel injection valves 3, which together with the second channel 35 form the thick juice store 49. For example, a through opening 39 is formed in the partition wall 37, which connects the first channel 33 to the second channel 35. Cool fuel thus passes from the first channel 33 into the second channel 35 and replaces the fuel discharged from this fuel reservoir through the fuel injection valves 3.

Der erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffverteiler 1 kann z.B. durch Spritzgießen eines Metalles oder eines Kunststoffes oder auch durch Schmieden eines Metalles, z.B. von Aluminium, ausgebildet werden. Das Rohr 31 bzw. der Streifen 57 sind z.B. vor dem Spritzgießen in die Form einzulegen.The fuel distributor 1 according to the invention can e.g. by injection molding a metal or a plastic or also by forging a metal, e.g. of aluminum. The tube 31 or the strip 57 are e.g. insert into the mold before injection molding.

Die Verwendung eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffverteilers 1 bei einer Brennkraftmaschine ermöglicht durch die Bildung eines Brennstoffreservoirs mit dampfblasenfreiem Brennstoff in den ersten Sekunden nach dem Heißstart der Brennkraftmaschine das Abspritzen dampfblasenfreien und damit eine gute Zündfähigkeit aufweisenden Brennstoffes durch die Brennstoffeinspritzventile und damit ein zuverlässiges Starten der Brennkraftmaschine und einen sich daran anschließenden stabilen Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine.The use of a fuel distributor 1 according to the invention in an internal combustion engine enables spraying by forming a fuel reservoir with fuel free of vapor bubbles in the first seconds after the internal combustion engine has been hot started vapor-free and thus good ignitability fuel by the fuel injection valves and thus a reliable starting of the internal combustion engine and subsequent stable operation of the internal combustion engine.

Claims (9)

  1. Fuel rail for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines for supplying fuel to at least two fuel injection valves (3), with a number of stepped valve location openings (5), the number corresponding to the number of fuel injection valves (3), which pass through the fuel rail (1) and into which the fuel injection valves (3) can be inserted, the valve location openings (5) at least partially surrounding the fuel injection valves (3), and with a fuel supply line (29) which is connected to the valve location openings (5), characterized in that the fuel supply line (29) is divided by a dividing wall (37) into a first duct (33) and into a second duct (35), in that the main fuel flow fed to the fuel rail flows through the first duct (33), and the second duct (35), which forms a fuel reservoir, is connected to the first duct (33) by at least one through-opening (39), which passes through the dividing wall (37) and through which only a partial quantity of the fuel of the main fuel flow flows and reaches the individual valve location openings (5), with the result that the first duct (33) is connected to the valve location openings (5) only by the second duct (35).
  2. Fuel rail according to Claim 1, characterized in that reservoir volumes (47) surrounding the fuel injection valves are formed between the wall of the valve location openings (5) and the circumference of the respective fuel injection valves (3).
  3. Fuel rail according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fuel supply line (29) has arranged in it a pipe (31) which forms the dividing wall (37) between the first duct (33) and the second duct (35).
  4. Fuel rail according to Claim 3, characterized in that, to form the two ducts (33, 35), the pipe (31) is deformed in the region of the valve location openings (5).
  5. Fuel rail according to Claim 3, characterized in that the outside diameter of the pipe (31) is smaller than the diameter of the inner wall of the fuel supply line (29).
  6. Fuel rail according to Claim 5, characterized in that the pipe (31) is arranged concentrically in the fuel supply line (29).
  7. Fuel rail according to Claim 5, characterized in that the pipe (31) is arranged eccentrically in the fuel supply line (29).
  8. Fuel rail according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the dividing wall (37) is formed by a strip (57) arranged in the fuel supply line (29).
  9. Fuel rail according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least one vent opening (44, 45), which passes through the dividing wall (37) and connects the second duct (35) to the first duct (33), is provided at both ends (41, 42) of the second duct (35).
EP92105186A 1991-05-08 1992-03-26 Fuel rail Expired - Lifetime EP0512235B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4115039 1991-05-08
DE4115039A DE4115039A1 (en) 1991-05-08 1991-05-08 FUEL DISTRIBUTOR

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EP0512235A1 EP0512235A1 (en) 1992-11-11
EP0512235B1 true EP0512235B1 (en) 1995-09-13

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JP (1) JPH05126013A (en)
DE (2) DE4115039A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH05126013A (en) 1993-05-21
DE4115039A1 (en) 1992-11-12
EP0512235A1 (en) 1992-11-11
DE59203625D1 (en) 1995-10-19
US5295467A (en) 1994-03-22
DE4115039C2 (en) 1993-09-16

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