EP0575935B1 - Magnetic rail brake device - Google Patents
Magnetic rail brake device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0575935B1 EP0575935B1 EP93109865A EP93109865A EP0575935B1 EP 0575935 B1 EP0575935 B1 EP 0575935B1 EP 93109865 A EP93109865 A EP 93109865A EP 93109865 A EP93109865 A EP 93109865A EP 0575935 B1 EP0575935 B1 EP 0575935B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic
- rail brake
- magnetic rail
- coil
- brake according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 210000002414 leg Anatomy 0.000 description 24
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
- B61H7/00—Brakes with braking members co-operating with the track
- B61H7/02—Scotch blocks, skids, or like track-engaging shoes
- B61H7/04—Scotch blocks, skids, or like track-engaging shoes attached to railway vehicles
- B61H7/06—Skids
- B61H7/08—Skids electromagnetically operated
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a magnetic rail brake according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a generic magnetic rail brake is from DE-OS 27 20 815 Knorr-Bremse GmbH, Kunststoff, known.
- This magnetic rail brake exists essentially two curved, metallic legs that are U-shaped are connected by means of a rigidly connected web part.
- the pole shoes which represent the end of the legs, each have at their ends two contact surfaces running parallel to the rail, which when the Magnetic rail brakes have a certain distance from the rail.
- the Legs themselves are curved, so that the pole shoes with their inner surfaces in lower part are closer than in the upper part of the legs. Through this Curvatures in the legs form a cavity between them, which leads to Recording the coil carrier is used.
- the main disadvantage of this known magnetic rail brake are its perceived geometric dimensions, the total length, i.e. Iron core plus bobbin is about 220 mm in height and 140 mm in width. These dimensions are perceived by the end customers as too large, so that its Installation options are limited.
- the total weight is proportional designed high, because for a certain nominal adhesive force (kN), e.g. 85 kN a Nominal current of approximately 29 amps is required to get the appropriate field strength achieve this required nominal adhesive force either by changing the to magnetizing core or by changing the flow of the excitation coils can be achieved.
- kN nominal adhesive force
- a training according to the features of the claims enables such a compact design of the magnetic rail brake that the entire height of the contact surface of the pole shoes on the rail up to the upper edge of the coil body is not larger than 160 mm, the clear dimensions width x height of the Spool-receiving space in the coil body essentially not 60x30 mm exceed.
- the height of the metallic, magnetic legs about 130 mm, where this measure is not significantly exceeded.
- the magnetic rail brake should be noted that when the Excitation coil as a high-performance coil whose excitation current is approx. 40 amperes can be increased, which in about a 50% higher rated current in Comparison to the conventional magnetic rail brakes means. Furthermore, by choosing suitable insulating materials, the filling factor of the magnetic coil is extremely large can be selected, creating the geometric dimensions of the magnetic rail brake be influenced favorably. It is advisable not to use the pole shoe width larger than 72 mm, because this width is roughly the width of the rail corresponds.
- Fig.1 the bobbin case is in a perspective view shown.
- the bobbin case 1 is used to hold the to achieve of the necessary electromagnetic flux required Windings 6.
- the oval or can be rectangular are evenly spaced Partitions 10 distributed and on the bobbin case 1 in their positions fixed.
- the magnetic force flow absorbing Pole shoe 3 inserted into the central opening 9, with its Legs overlaps the lower half of the bobbin case.
- the two legs 3 formed as separate parts Pole shoes are secured by screws 12 which secure the web part 2 penetrate, so firmly and permanently connected to each other that the simply available joint even after long periods of operation no disadvantageous increase in magnetic resistance is.
- the thickness of the partitions 10 is in terms of the size of the forces to be absorbed approx. 8 mm, their distance from the center line to The center line is approx. 100 mm each.
- An exemplary Formation of the pole shoes is with reference to Figures 2a and 2b described in more detail below.
- Fig.2a is a link of the bobbin case 1 in its front view with the bobbin case and the turns 6 therein shown.
- the metallic core of the coil 6 to be magnetized consists in principle of two legs 3, the U-shaped one Web 2 are rigidly connected and are shaped so that the The ends of the legs are within a few mm of one another with their inner surfaces come.
- the distance between the lower parts 13 of the legs 3 is approx. 12 mm and should not be far for physical reasons be undercut.
- the total width of both leg ends 13 plus the space of approximately 12 mm is 72 mm in the present Embodiment, which in some ways is an optimal measure represents.
- the bobbin 1 or bobbin case serves the Turns of the excitation coil in a mechanically stable border record and also against environmental influences such as moisture protect.
- an end plate 8 is used, which in close Contact with the turns on the last layer of the excitation coil 6 is placed and welded to the sides with the coil carrier 1 becomes. This creates a large amount of heat, which may damage the insulation of the windings.
- metallic become in the upper corners of the solenoid Angle plates 7 placed on the windings at a suitable point, see above that point heat occurs relatively evenly on a Large number of turns is transmitted, so that not the entire occurring amount of heat must be derived from a point.
- the Filling factor of the coil 6 By consistently using modern insulation materials, the Filling factor of the coil 6 compared to the previous embodiment be significantly increased. Through this measure, the Dimensions of the bobbin case or bobbin 1 considerable be reduced.
- the free end of the leg 3 is opposite his approach on the web part 2 offset inwards, so that it Center line a distance of approx. 6 mm and up to opposite leg has a distance of 10 mm.
- the Cross section of the leg is substantially rectangular and has a width of about 35 mm at the height of the magnetic coil. At this The cross-sectional area is largest at the point and tapers off down to the end of pole shoes.
- pole shoes 3 and Links according to the invention in the coil box 1 is particularly good for the manufacture of the pole pieces 3 or at least their lower ones Wear sections suitable that the to the surfaces 11 subsequent vertical area of the legs grasp and in generally consist of steel.
- Wear sections suitable that the to the surfaces 11 subsequent vertical area of the legs grasp and in generally consist of steel.
- the pole pieces Steel can cause the contact length of the pole pieces to weld to lead. To avoid these welds it can be useful be on the extension of the thighs near her rail Area in the direction of the rail axis.
- leg sections can also be asymmetrical be trained.
- the lower one, adjoining the surfaces 11 Section of the two combined into a U-shaped structure Leg 3 is skimmed laterally by different dimensions, but with a mutual distance of about 12 mm remains.
- the bobbin case is laterally offset over the rail.
- Figure 2 is a partial sectional drawing along the in Fig.1 Section line A-B shown. It can be seen from this that the Foot 13 of the leg 3 has a length of approximately 90 mm.
- Figure 3 is a graphical representation in which the relationship between adhesive force and flooding of the iron core on the one hand, or the relationship between electrical power and flow on the other hand shown for the optimized magnetic rail brakes are.
- the electrical power (Pe) is in (kW) is shown as a function of the flow (kA), which is about 45 Ampere nominal current is about 1.45 kW.
- the dash-dotted curve (Pe) represents the electrical power. It shows a in the lower area flatter rise than in the upper range. That depends directly on the characteristic of the magnetization of the core together, which at low currents through the coil 6 relatively stronger is magnetized as in the upper saturation range.
- the solid curve (F H ) represents the adhesive force 15 of the weight-optimized magnet Nb.Gl.
- the solid curve (F H ) represents the adhesive force 15 of the weight-optimized magnet Nb.Gl.
- the optimized according to the invention stands out Magnetic rail brake by a relatively small weight, one low height and economically justifiable manufacturing and Material costs, with an adhesive force of 85 kN at a electrical output of 1.45 kW is guaranteed.
- the magnetic rail brake consists essentially of one Bobbin and several links, which are separated by partitions (10) are separated from each other, the links consisting of two magnetic Pole shoes (3) exist and rigidly with one another with a web part (2) are connected.
- the magnetic rail brake stands out in particular due to their low overall height and their relatively small size Weight off.
- the nominal current is around 40 amperes a nominal power of about 1.45 kW.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Dynamo-Electric Clutches, Dynamo-Electric Brakes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Magnetschienenbremse nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1. The present invention relates to a magnetic rail brake according to the preamble of claim 1.
Eine gattungsgemäße Magnetschienenbremse ist aus der DE-OS 27 20 815 der Knorr-Bremse GmbH, München, bekannt. Diese Magnetschienenbremse besteht im wesentlichen aus zwei geschwungenen, metallischen Schenkein, die U-förmig mittels eines starr verbundenen Stegteils verbunden sind. Um den Stegteil herum befindet sich eine Spule, die bei Erregung den Kern, also die Schenkel, aufmagnetisiert. A generic magnetic rail brake is from DE-OS 27 20 815 Knorr-Bremse GmbH, Munich, known. This magnetic rail brake exists essentially two curved, metallic legs that are U-shaped are connected by means of a rigidly connected web part. Around the bridge part there is a coil that magnetizes the core, i.e. the legs, when excited.
Die Polschuhe, die das Ende der Schenkel darstellen, weisen an ihren Enden jeweils zwei parallel zur Schiene verlaufende Auflageflächen auf, die bei Nichtbetätigung der Magnetschienenbremse einen gewissen Abstand von der Schiene haben. Die Schenkel selbst sind geschwungen, so daß die Polschuhe mit ihren Innenflächen im unteren Teil näher gegenüberliegen, als im oberen Teil der Schenkel. Durch diese Krümmungen in den Schenkeln wird zwischen diesen ein Hohlraum gebildet, der zur Aufnahme des Spulenträgers dient. The pole shoes, which represent the end of the legs, each have at their ends two contact surfaces running parallel to the rail, which when the Magnetic rail brakes have a certain distance from the rail. The Legs themselves are curved, so that the pole shoes with their inner surfaces in lower part are closer than in the upper part of the legs. Through this Curvatures in the legs form a cavity between them, which leads to Recording the coil carrier is used.
Nachteilig an dieser bekannten Magnetschienenbremse werden vor allem seine geometrischen Abmessungen empfunden, die in seiner Gesamtlänge, d.h. Eisenkern plus Spulenkörper etwa 220 mm in der Höhe und 140 mm in der Breite beträgt. Diese Maße werden von den Endabnehmern als zu groß empfunden, so daß seine Einbaumöglichkeiten begrenzt sind. Außerdem ist das Gesamtgewicht verhältnismäßig hoch ausgelegt, da für eine bestimmte Nenn-Haftkraft (kN), z.B. 85 kN ein Nennstrom von ca. 29 Ampere benötigt wird, um die entsprechende Feldstärke zu erzielen Diese geforderte Nenn-Haftkraft kann entweder durch Veränderung des zu magnetisierenden Kerns oder durch Änderung der Durchflutung der Erregerspulen erreicht werden. The main disadvantage of this known magnetic rail brake are its perceived geometric dimensions, the total length, i.e. Iron core plus bobbin is about 220 mm in height and 140 mm in width. These dimensions are perceived by the end customers as too large, so that its Installation options are limited. In addition, the total weight is proportional designed high, because for a certain nominal adhesive force (kN), e.g. 85 kN a Nominal current of approximately 29 amps is required to get the appropriate field strength achieve this required nominal adhesive force either by changing the to magnetizing core or by changing the flow of the excitation coils can be achieved.
Es mag naheliegen, diesen Nachteilen durch eine kompakte Bauweise der Magnetschienenbremse zu begegnen, wozu durch Nutzung einer Hochleistungsspule und geeigneter Isolierungsstoffe der benötigte Raum zur Aufnahme der Windungen der Magnetspule möglichst klein zu halten ist; hierdurch kann ohne Minderung der Nenn-Haftkraft eine Verringerung der Abmessungen möglich sein. Ziel solcher fachüblichen Bemühungen muß es sein, in jedem Falle eine geforderte Nenn-Haftkraft von 85 kN bei möglichst kleinen geometrischen Abmessungen und geringen Gesamtgewicht zu erreichen. It may be obvious to address these disadvantages through a compact design of the To counter magnetic rail brakes, which is done by using a high-performance coil and suitable insulation materials the space required to accommodate the Turns of the magnetic coil should be kept as small as possible; this can be done without Reduction of the nominal adhesive force a reduction in dimensions may be possible. The aim of such specialist efforts must always be a required one Nominal adhesive force of 85 kN with the smallest possible geometric dimensions and to achieve a low overall weight.
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine sich aus den vorstehend als naheliegend und fachüblich bezeichneten Bemühungen ergebende Magnetschienenbremse bereitzustellen, die bei äußerst praktischer und vorteilhafter Herstellungsmöglichkeit ihrer Erregungsspule zugleich deren Isolierung vor der Gefahr von Durchschlägen schützt. It is an object of the present invention, one from the above as obvious and customarily designated efforts resulting magnetic rail brake provide that at extremely practical and beneficial Possibility of manufacturing their excitation coil at the same time their insulation before Protects against the risk of breakdowns.
Diese Aufgabe wird für eine den eingangs genannten Merkmalen entsprechende Magnetschienenbremse erfindungsgemäß durch eine Ausbildung gemäß den im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruches 1 genannten Merkmalen gelöst. Dabei kann es besonders vorteilhaft sein, wenn das metallische Winkelstück wie in Unteranspruch 2 angegeben aus gut wärmeleitendem Material wie Kupfer besteht This task is for one of the characteristics mentioned above Magnetic rail brake according to the invention by training in accordance with characterizing part of claim 1 mentioned features. Here it can be particularly advantageous if the metallic angle piece as in Subclaim 2 indicated made of good heat-conducting material such as copper
In den Unteransprüchen 3 bis 10 sind vorteilhafte, weitere Ausbildungsmöglichkeiten für eine derart ausgebildete Magnetschienenbremse aufgezeigt. In the subclaims 3 to 10 are advantageous, further training opportunities for a magnetic rail brake designed in this way.
Eine Ausbildung gemäß den Merkmalen der Patentansprüche ermöglicht eine so kompakte Ausbildung der Magnetschienenbremse, daß die gesamte Bauhöhe von der Auflagefläche der Polschuhe auf der Schiene bis zur Oberkante des Spulenkörpers nicht größer als 160 mm wird, wobei die lichten Maße Breite x Höhe des die Spule aufnehmenden Raumes im Spulenkörper im wesentlichen 60x30 mm nicht übersteigen. Darüber hinaus beträgt bei einer derart optimierten Magnetschienenbremse die Bauhöhe der metallischen, magnetischen Schenkel ca. 130 mm, wobei dieses Maß nicht wesentlich überschritten wird. Um die geforderte Haftkraft von 85 kN zu erreichen ist es notwendig, eine Durchflutung der Erregerspule von ca. 5 kA zu wählen, um die metallischen Schenkel bis zur Sättigung aufzumagnetisieren. A training according to the features of the claims enables such a compact design of the magnetic rail brake that the entire height of the contact surface of the pole shoes on the rail up to the upper edge of the coil body is not larger than 160 mm, the clear dimensions width x height of the Spool-receiving space in the coil body essentially not 60x30 mm exceed. In addition, with such an optimized magnetic rail brake the height of the metallic, magnetic legs about 130 mm, where this measure is not significantly exceeded. To the required adhesive force of 85 To reach kN, it is necessary to flood the excitation coil by approx. 5 kA to select to magnetize the metallic legs to saturation.
Hinsichtlich der in den Unteransprüchen 3 bis 10 aufgezeigten Aubildungsmöglichkeiten der Magnetschienenbremse ist anzumerken, daß bei Ausbildung der Erregerspule als Hochleistungsspule deren Erregerstrom auf ca. 40 Ampere heraufgesetzt werden kann, was in etwa einem 50 % höheren Nennstrom im Vergleich zu den herkömmlichen Magnetschienenbremsen bedeutet. Ferner kann durch Auswahl geeigneter Isolierstoffe der Füllfaktor der Magnetspule extrem groß gewählt werden, wodurch die geometrischen Abmessungen der Magnetschienenbremse günstig beeinflußt werden. Es ist zweckmäßig, die Polschuhbreite nicht größer als 72 mm zu bemessen, da diese Breite in etwa der Breite der Schiene entspricht . With regard to the training options shown in subclaims 3 to 10 the magnetic rail brake should be noted that when the Excitation coil as a high-performance coil whose excitation current is approx. 40 amperes can be increased, which in about a 50% higher rated current in Comparison to the conventional magnetic rail brakes means. Furthermore, by choosing suitable insulating materials, the filling factor of the magnetic coil is extremely large can be selected, creating the geometric dimensions of the magnetic rail brake be influenced favorably. It is advisable not to use the pole shoe width larger than 72 mm, because this width is roughly the width of the rail corresponds.
Im nun Folgenden wird die vorliegende Erfindung anhand von Zeichnungen im einzelnen näher beschrieben. Es zeigen
- Fig.1
- eine perspektivische Ansicht des Spulenkastens mit eingebauten Trennwänden (10) und einem montierten Polschuhpaar (3);
- Fig.2a
- eine Vorderansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Polschuhpaars (3) mit der eingebauten im Schnitt dargestellten Erregerspule (6);
- Fig.2b
- eine Schnittzeichnung entlang der Schnittlinie A-B in der Fig.2a;
- Fig.3
- eine graphische Darstellung, die den Zusammenhang zwischen Haftkraft und der Durchflutung einerseits und der elektrischen Leistung und der Durchflutung andererseits für verschiedene vergleichbare Zwischenglieder der Magnetschienenbremse darstellt.
- Fig. 1
- a perspective view of the bobbin case with built-in partitions (10) and an assembled pair of pole pieces (3);
- Fig.2a
- a front view of the pole shoe pair (3) according to the invention with the built-in excitation coil (6) shown in section;
- Fig.2b
- a sectional drawing along the section line AB in Figure 2a;
- Fig. 3
- a graphic representation that shows the relationship between the adhesive force and the flow on the one hand and the electrical power and the flow on the other hand for various comparable intermediate elements of the magnetic rail brake.
In Fig.1 ist der Spulenkasten in einer perspektivischen Darstellung dargestellt. Der Spulenkasten 1 dient zur Aufnahme der zur Erzielung des notwendigen elektromagnetischen Flußes erforderlichen Wicklungen 6. In der Öffnung 9 des Spulenkastens 1, die oval oder rechteckig ausgeführt sein kann, sind in gleichmäßigen Abständen Trennwände 10 verteilt und am Spulenkasten 1 in ihren Stellungen fixiert. Zwischen je zwei derartigen Trennwänden 10 wird ein im Querschnitt U-förmiger, den magnetischen Kraftfluß aufnehmender Polschuh 3 in die Mittelöffnung 9 eingesetzt, wobei er mit seinen Schenkeln die untere Spulenkastenhälfte übergreift. Zwischen jeden dieser Polschuhe und seiner Umgebung besteht nach oben und quer zur Schienenachse so viel Spiel, daß sich die Flächen 11 an den Enden der Schenkel 3 unabhängig von der durch die Abnützung bedingten jeweiligen Formen des Schienenkopfes auf letzteren voll auflegen können. Die beiden als getrennte Teile ausgebildeten Schenkel 3 der Polschuhe werden durch Schrauben 12, welche den Stegteil 2 durchdringen, miteinander so fest und dauerhaft verbunden, daß durch die nur einfach vorhandene Stoßstelle auch nach längerem Betrieb keine nachteilige Erhöhung des magnetischen Widerstandes bedingt ist. In Fig.1 the bobbin case is in a perspective view shown. The bobbin case 1 is used to hold the to achieve of the necessary electromagnetic flux required Windings 6. In the opening 9 of the coil box 1, the oval or can be rectangular, are evenly spaced Partitions 10 distributed and on the bobbin case 1 in their positions fixed. Between two such partition walls 10 is a Cross-section U-shaped, the magnetic force flow absorbing Pole shoe 3 inserted into the central opening 9, with its Legs overlaps the lower half of the bobbin case. Between everyone this pole piece and its surroundings exist upwards and across Rail axis so much play that the surfaces 11 at the ends the leg 3 regardless of that caused by wear Place the respective forms of the rail head fully on the latter can. The two legs 3 formed as separate parts Pole shoes are secured by screws 12 which secure the web part 2 penetrate, so firmly and permanently connected to each other that the simply available joint even after long periods of operation no disadvantageous increase in magnetic resistance is.
Wird zwecks Durchführung einer Bremsung der Schienenbremsmagnet durch eine hier nicht gezeigte Vorrichtung auf die Schiene herabgesenkt und die Spulenwicklung unter Spannung gesetzt, so erzeugt der Stromfluß im Polschuh einen magnetischen Fluß, der durch die Polschuhe und den Schienenkopf geschlossen wird. Die Flächen 11 der Schenkel 3 werden infolgedessen in einer dem magnetischen Fluß entsprechenden Stärke auf den Schienenkopf herabgezogen und an denselben angepreßt. Die um die Längsachse des Schienenbremsmagneten vorhandenen Beweglichkeit der Polschuhe 3 läßt dabei dieselbe auch auf verschieden abgenutzten Schienenköpfen einwandfrei aufliegen und den gewünschten magnetischen Fluß sowie über den Reibschluß der Magnetschienenbremse zur Schienen eine ausreichende Bremskraft zustandekommen. Die Trennwände 10 sorgen dafür, daß sich die Polschuhe trotz ihrer Beweglichkeit gegenseitig nicht beeinträchtigen und nehmen außerdem die durch die Reibung am Schienenkopf entstehende Kräfte in den Polschuhen auf und leiten sie an den Spulenkasten 1 weiter, von welchem sie auf das abzubremsende Fahrzeug übertragen werden. Is used to brake the rail brake magnet by a device not shown here on the rail lowered and the coil winding energized, so the current flow in the pole piece creates a magnetic flux that passes through the pole shoes and the rail head is closed. Areas 11 the leg 3 are consequently in a the magnetic flux appropriate strength pulled down on the rail head and on pressed against the same. The one around the longitudinal axis of the rail brake magnet existing mobility of the pole shoes 3 leaves the same rest perfectly on differently worn rail heads and the desired magnetic flux and the frictional engagement of the Magnetic rail brakes for rails have sufficient braking force occurrence. The partitions 10 ensure that the Pole shoes not mutually despite their mobility affect and also take on by the friction Forces arising in the pole shoes and guide them to the bobbin case 1, from which it is to be braked Vehicle can be transferred.
Die Dicke der Trennwände 10 beträgt im Hinblick auf die Größe der aufzunehmenden Kräfte ca. 8 mm, ihr Abstand von Mittellinie zu Mittellinie beträgt jeweils ca. 100 mm. Eine beispielhafte Ausbildung der Polschuhe ist unter Bezugnahme auf die Fig.2a und 2b nachfolgend näher beschrieben. The thickness of the partitions 10 is in terms of the size of the forces to be absorbed approx. 8 mm, their distance from the center line to The center line is approx. 100 mm each. An exemplary Formation of the pole shoes is with reference to Figures 2a and 2b described in more detail below.
In Fig.2a ist ein Glied des Spulenkastens 1 in seiner Vorderansicht mit dem Spulenkasten und der darin liegenden Windungen 6 dargestellt. Der zu magnetisierende metallische Kern der Spule 6 besteht im Prinzip aus zwei Schenkeln 3, die U-förmig über einen Steg 2 starr miteinander verbunden sind und so geformt sind, daß die Schenkelenden bis auf wenige mm mit ihrem Innenflächen aneinander kommen. Der Abstand zwischen den unteren Teilen 13 der Schenkel 3 beträgt ca. 12 mm und sollte aus physikalischen Gründen nicht weit unterschritten werden. Die Gesamtbreite beider Schenkelenden 13 plus dem Zwischenraum von ca. 12 mm beträgt 72 mm im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel, was in gewisser Hinsicht ein optimales Maß darstellt. Der Spulenträger 1 oder auch Spulenkasten dient dazu, die Windungen der Erregerspule in einer mechanisch stabilen Umrandung aufzunehmen und zusätzlich gegen Umwelteinflüsse wie Feuchtigkeit zu schützen. Diesem Zwecke dient ein Abschlußblech 8, das in engem Kontakt mit den Windungen auf die letzte Lage der Erregerspule 6 gelegt wird und an den Seiten mit dem Spulenträger 1 verschweißt wird. Hierbei entsteht punktuell eine große Wärmeentwicklung, die unter Umständen die Isolation der Wicklungen beschädigen kann. Aus diesem Grunde werden in den oberen Ecken der Magnetspule metallische Winkelbleche 7 an geeigneter Stelle auf die Wicklungen gelegt, so daß punktuell auftretende Wärme verhältnismäßig gleichmäßig auf eine Vielzahl von Windungen übertragen wird, so daß nicht die gesamte auftretende Wärmemenge von einem Punkt abgeleitet werden muß. In Fig.2a is a link of the bobbin case 1 in its front view with the bobbin case and the turns 6 therein shown. The metallic core of the coil 6 to be magnetized consists in principle of two legs 3, the U-shaped one Web 2 are rigidly connected and are shaped so that the The ends of the legs are within a few mm of one another with their inner surfaces come. The distance between the lower parts 13 of the legs 3 is approx. 12 mm and should not be far for physical reasons be undercut. The total width of both leg ends 13 plus the space of approximately 12 mm is 72 mm in the present Embodiment, which in some ways is an optimal measure represents. The bobbin 1 or bobbin case serves the Turns of the excitation coil in a mechanically stable border record and also against environmental influences such as moisture protect. For this purpose, an end plate 8 is used, which in close Contact with the turns on the last layer of the excitation coil 6 is placed and welded to the sides with the coil carrier 1 becomes. This creates a large amount of heat, which may damage the insulation of the windings. Out because of this, metallic become in the upper corners of the solenoid Angle plates 7 placed on the windings at a suitable point, see above that point heat occurs relatively evenly on a Large number of turns is transmitted, so that not the entire occurring amount of heat must be derived from a point.
Durch konsequente Anwendung moderner Isolationmaterialien konnte der Füllfaktor der Spule 6 gegenüber der bisherigen Ausuführungsform wesentlich erhöht werden. Durch diese Maßnahme können die Abmessungen des Spulenkastens oder Spulenträgers 1 beträchtlich reduziert werden. By consistently using modern insulation materials, the Filling factor of the coil 6 compared to the previous embodiment be significantly increased. Through this measure, the Dimensions of the bobbin case or bobbin 1 considerable be reduced.
Weiterhin trägt zur Verringerung und Optimierung des Gewichtes bzw. der geometrischen Abmessungen die Maßnahme bei, eine wesentlich höhere Leistung in der Erregerspule in Kauf zu nehmen, als bei den vergleichbaren Erregerspulen der bekannten Magnetschienenbremse. Durch die oben getroffenen Maßnahmen wurde eine Gesamthöhe von 160 mm erzielt, gemessen von den Flächen 11 der Polschuhe bis zur Oberkante des Spulenträgers 1 bzw. des Spulenkastens. Dieses wichtige Maß sollte unter keinen Umständen überschritten werden. Furthermore helps to reduce and optimize the weight or the geometric dimensions of the measure, an essential to accept higher power in the excitation coil than in the comparable excitation coils of the known magnetic rail brake. The measures taken above resulted in a total amount of 160 mm achieved, measured from the surfaces 11 of the pole pieces to Top edge of the bobbin 1 or the bobbin case. This important measure should under no circumstances be exceeded.
Im unteren Bereich ist das freie Ende der Schenkel 3 gegenüber seinem Ansatz am Stegteil 2 nach innen versetzt, so daß es zur Mittellinie einen Abstand von ca. 6 mm und bis zum gegenüberliegenden Schenkel einen Abstand von 10 mm aufweist. Der Querschnitt des Schenkels ist im wesentlichen rechteckig und weist in Höhe der Magnetspule eine Breite von etwa 35 mm auf. An dieser Stelle ist die Querschnittsfläche am größten und verjüngt sich nach unten zum Ende Polschuhe hin. In the lower area, the free end of the leg 3 is opposite his approach on the web part 2 offset inwards, so that it Center line a distance of approx. 6 mm and up to opposite leg has a distance of 10 mm. Of the Cross section of the leg is substantially rectangular and has a width of about 35 mm at the height of the magnetic coil. At this The cross-sectional area is largest at the point and tapers off down to the end of pole shoes.
Die vorstehend beschriebene Ausführungsform der Polschuhe 3 bzw. der erfindungsgemäßen Glieder im Spulenkasten 1 ist besonders gut für die Fertigung der Polschuhe 3 oder wenigstens ihrer unteren Verschleißabschnitte geeignet, die den an die Flächen 11 anschließenden Vertikalbereich der Schenkel unfassen und im allgemeinen aus Stahl bestehen. Bei Fertigung der Polschuhe aus Stahl kann die Aufstandslänge der Polschuhe zu Aufschweißungen führen. Zur Vermeidung dieser Aufschweißungen kann es zweckmäßig sein, auf die Verlängerung der Schenkel in ihrem schienennahen Bereich in Schienenachsrichtung zu verzichten. The above-described embodiment of the pole shoes 3 and Links according to the invention in the coil box 1 is particularly good for the manufacture of the pole pieces 3 or at least their lower ones Wear sections suitable that the to the surfaces 11 subsequent vertical area of the legs grasp and in generally consist of steel. When manufacturing the pole pieces Steel can cause the contact length of the pole pieces to weld to lead. To avoid these welds it can be useful be on the extension of the thighs near her rail Area in the direction of the rail axis.
Schließlich können die Schenkelabschnitte auch unsymmetrisch ausgebildet sein. Der untere, an die Flächen 11 anschließende Abschnitt der beiden zu einem U-förmigen Gebilde zusammengefaßten Schenkel 3 ist hierbei um unterschiedliche Maße seitlich abgeköpft, wobei allerdings ihr gegenseitiger Abstand von ca. 12 mm erhalten bleibt. Der Spulenkasten befindet sich hierbei seitlich versetzt über der Schiene. Finally, the leg sections can also be asymmetrical be trained. The lower one, adjoining the surfaces 11 Section of the two combined into a U-shaped structure Leg 3 is skimmed laterally by different dimensions, but with a mutual distance of about 12 mm remains. The bobbin case is laterally offset over the rail.
In Fig.2 wird eine Teilschnittzeichnung entlang der in Fig.1 gezeigten Schnittlinie A-B gezeigt. Hieraus ist ersichtlich, daß der Fuß 13 der Schenkel 3 eine Länge von ca. 90 mm aufweist. In Figure 2 is a partial sectional drawing along the in Fig.1 Section line A-B shown. It can be seen from this that the Foot 13 of the leg 3 has a length of approximately 90 mm.
Fig.3 ist eine graphische Darstellung, in der der Zusammenhang zwischen Haftkraft und Durchflutung des Eisenkerns einerseits, bzw. der Zusammenhang zwischen elektrischer Leistung und der Durchflutung andererseits für die optimierte Magnetschienenbremsen dargestellt sind. In der unteren Kurve 14 ist die elektrische Leistung (Pe) in (kW) als Funktion der Durchflutung (kA) aufgezeigt, die bei etwa 45 Ampère Nennstrom etwa 1,45 kW beträgt. Dies stellt zwar eine verhältnismäßig große Leistung dar, ist jedoch infolge moderner Spulentechnologie und nur kurzzeitigen Betriebsweise der Magnetschienenbremse zu verkraften, so daß keine übermäßige Erwärmung der Spulen bzw. des metallischen Kerns auftritt wie bereits erwähnt, stellt die strichpunktierte Kurve (Pe) die elektrische Leistung dar. Sie zeigt im unteren Bereich einen flacheren Anstieg als im oberen Breich. Das hängt unmittelbar mit der Charakteristik der Magnetisierung des Kerns zusammen, der bei geringen Stromstärken durch die Spule 6 verhältnisnäßig stärker magnetisiert wird als im oberen Sättigungsbereich. Figure 3 is a graphical representation in which the relationship between adhesive force and flooding of the iron core on the one hand, or the relationship between electrical power and flow on the other hand shown for the optimized magnetic rail brakes are. In the lower curve 14, the electrical power (Pe) is in (kW) is shown as a function of the flow (kA), which is about 45 Ampere nominal current is about 1.45 kW. Although this represents one relatively large performance, but is due to more modern Coil technology and only short-term operation of the Cope with magnetic rail brakes so that no excessive Heating of the coils or the metallic core occurs as already mentioned, the dash-dotted curve (Pe) represents the electrical power. It shows a in the lower area flatter rise than in the upper range. That depends directly on the characteristic of the magnetization of the core together, which at low currents through the coil 6 relatively stronger is magnetized as in the upper saturation range.
Die durchgezogene Kurve (FH) stellt die Haftkraft 15 des gewichtsoptimierten Magneten Nb.Gl. dar. Hier ist, ebenfalls bedingt durch die Charakteristik der Magnetisierungskurve des Kerns, im unteren Bereich ein starker Anstieg zu verzeichnen, während im oberen Bereich nur eine geringe Zunahme der Haftkraft bei proportional ansteigender Durchflutung zu verzeichnen ist. The solid curve (F H ) represents the adhesive force 15 of the weight-optimized magnet Nb.Gl. Here, also due to the characteristic of the magnetization curve of the core, there is a strong increase in the lower area, while in the upper area there is only a slight increase in the adhesive force with proportionally increasing flow.
Alles in allem zeichnet sich die erfindungsgemäße optimierte Magnetschienenbremse durch ein verhältnismäßig kleines Gewicht, eine niedrige Bauhöhe und ökonomisch vertretbare Herstellungs- und Materialkosten aus, wobei eine Haftkraft von 85 kN bei einer elektrischen Leistung von 1,45 kW gewährleistet wird. All in all, the optimized according to the invention stands out Magnetic rail brake by a relatively small weight, one low height and economically justifiable manufacturing and Material costs, with an adhesive force of 85 kN at a electrical output of 1.45 kW is guaranteed.
Mit der vorliegenden Erfindung wird eine Magnetschienenbremse vorgestellt, die insbesondere für Schienenfahrzeuge geeignet ist. Die Magnetschienenbremse besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Spulenkörper und mehreren Gliedern, die durch Trennwände (10) voneinander getrennt sind, wobei die Glieder aus zwei magnetischen Polschuhen (3) bestehen und mit einem Stegteil (2) starr miteinander verbunden sind. Die Magnetschienenbremse zeichnet sich insbesondere durch ihre geringe Gesamtbauhöhe und ihr verhältnismäßig geringes Gewicht aus. Die im vorliegenden Fall gewählte Betriebsspannung der Magnete beträgt U=110 Volt. Der Nennstrom beträgt etwa 40 Ampère bei einer Nennleistung von etwa 1,45 kW. With the present invention, a magnetic rail brake presented, which is particularly suitable for rail vehicles. The magnetic rail brake consists essentially of one Bobbin and several links, which are separated by partitions (10) are separated from each other, the links consisting of two magnetic Pole shoes (3) exist and rigidly with one another with a web part (2) are connected. The magnetic rail brake stands out in particular due to their low overall height and their relatively small size Weight off. The operating voltage selected in the present case Magnet is U = 110 volts. The nominal current is around 40 amperes a nominal power of about 1.45 kW.
- 11
- Spulenträgerkasten Bobbin case
- 22nd
- Steg web
- 33rd
- Polschuh-Schenkel Pole shoe leg
- 44th
- Hohlraum cavity
- 55
- 66
- Windungswicklung Winding winding
- 77
- Winkelblech Angle plate
- 88th
- Abdeckblech Cover plate
- 99
- Mittelöffnung Middle opening
- 1010th
- Trennwände Partitions
- 1111
- Auflagefläche Contact surface
- 1212th
- Schrauben Screws
- 1313
- Polschuhend-Teile Pole end parts
- 1414
- elektrische Leistung electrical power
- 1515
- Haftkraft Adhesive force
Claims (10)
- Magnetic rail brake having pole shoes (3) which are U-shaped in cross-section and are formed symmetrically or asymmetrically, whose curved metallic and magnetic arms form a hollow chamber (4) in the middle into which is fitted a matching coil body of a coil (6) with windings which surrounds the crosspiece portion (2) of the pole shoes (3), characterised in that above the windings on the two upper corners of the coil (6) a metallic angle section (7) is fitted which uniformly distributes the spot heat when an end plate (8) is welded.
- Magnetic rail brake according to claim 1, characterised in that the metallic angle section (7) is made of material such as copper (Cu) which is a good heat conductor.
- Magnetic rail brake according to claim 1, characterised in that the insulation of the windings of the coil (6) is extremely thin so that the filling factor is large.
- Magnetic rail brake according to claim 1, characterised in that the pole shoe width is not greater than 72 mm and the pole shoe height is between 10 and 20 mm.
- Magnetic rail brake according to claim 1, characterised in that the pole shoe spacing in the direction transverse to the rail is not greater than 12 mm.
- Magnetic rail brake according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the magnetic coil (6) is a high power coil with an extremely favourable filling factor.
- Magnetic rail brake according to claim 6, characterised in that the operating voltage of the electromagnets is U = 110 volt, and two magnetic coils are respectively connected in series.
- Magnetic rail brake according to claim 1, characterised in that the attractive force is about 85 kN.
- Magnetic rail brake according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that in the region below the crosspiece (2) the pole shoes (3) are designed to be stepped inwardly and, in the region of the coil body (1), the pole shoes (3) have a thickness of about 35 mm transversely to the rail axis.
- Magnetic rail brake according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that in their lower region on both sides the pole shoes (3) have a length of about 20 mm in the direction of the rail axis, proceeding from the lower support surface (11) to the curve of the outer surface of the pole shoes (3).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE9208380U | 1992-06-23 | ||
| DE9208380U DE9208380U1 (en) | 1992-06-23 | 1992-06-23 | Magnetic rail brake |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0575935A1 EP0575935A1 (en) | 1993-12-29 |
| EP0575935B1 true EP0575935B1 (en) | 1998-02-18 |
Family
ID=6880829
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93109865A Expired - Lifetime EP0575935B1 (en) | 1992-06-23 | 1993-06-21 | Magnetic rail brake device |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0575935B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH0678517A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE163282T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE9208380U1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL1022885C2 (en) | 2003-03-10 | 2004-09-13 | Walker Europ Holding B V | Electrically operated magnetic rail brake device, as well as device movable along one or more rails, provided with a rail brake device. |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004018008B3 (en) * | 2004-04-14 | 2005-12-22 | Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH | Magnetic rail brake device with flat brake magnet |
| CN102991528A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-03-27 | 镇江电磁设备厂有限责任公司 | Magnetic rail brake electromagnet |
| DE102017006732A1 (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2019-01-17 | Knorr-Bremse Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung | Magnetic rail brake device of a rail vehicle with an enlarged winding space |
| DE102017006736B4 (en) | 2017-07-17 | 2024-10-02 | Knorr-Bremse Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung | Link magnetic rail brake device of a rail vehicle with electrical connection device at the end links |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE662235C (en) * | 1934-03-02 | 1938-07-08 | Aeg | Coil for rail brake magnets, enclosed in a metal housing and surrounded by insulation |
| JPS5288291A (en) * | 1976-01-19 | 1977-07-23 | Hitachi Ltd | Process and apparatus for regeneration of activated carbon |
| DE2720815A1 (en) * | 1977-05-09 | 1978-11-23 | Knorr Bremse Gmbh | MAGNETIC RAIL BRAKE |
| DE2752016C2 (en) * | 1977-11-22 | 1982-04-01 | Knorr-Bremse GmbH, 8000 München | Excitation coil for rail brake magnets |
-
1992
- 1992-06-23 DE DE9208380U patent/DE9208380U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-06-21 EP EP93109865A patent/EP0575935B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-21 AT AT93109865T patent/ATE163282T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-06-21 DE DE59308153T patent/DE59308153D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-06-23 JP JP5152108A patent/JPH0678517A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL1022885C2 (en) | 2003-03-10 | 2004-09-13 | Walker Europ Holding B V | Electrically operated magnetic rail brake device, as well as device movable along one or more rails, provided with a rail brake device. |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE163282T1 (en) | 1998-03-15 |
| JPH0678517A (en) | 1994-03-18 |
| DE59308153D1 (en) | 1998-03-26 |
| EP0575935A1 (en) | 1993-12-29 |
| DE9208380U1 (en) | 1992-08-13 |
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