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EP0437341B1 - Wandstruktur - Google Patents

Wandstruktur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0437341B1
EP0437341B1 EP19910300132 EP91300132A EP0437341B1 EP 0437341 B1 EP0437341 B1 EP 0437341B1 EP 19910300132 EP19910300132 EP 19910300132 EP 91300132 A EP91300132 A EP 91300132A EP 0437341 B1 EP0437341 B1 EP 0437341B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
barrier
rigid part
crowd
pressure
force
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19910300132
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0437341A2 (de
EP0437341A3 (en
Inventor
Peter Hayes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hayes Peter
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0437341A2 publication Critical patent/EP0437341A2/de
Publication of EP0437341A3 publication Critical patent/EP0437341A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0437341B1 publication Critical patent/EP0437341B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/18—Status alarms
    • G08B21/182—Level alarms, e.g. alarms responsive to variables exceeding a threshold

Definitions

  • THIS INVENTION relates to barrier structures for controlling crowds, primarily of people, and to a method of detecting a potential or actual crowd control problem.
  • carrier structure herein is intended to include any structure which prevents or impedes the movement of people or animals including temporary or portable structures.
  • Barrier structures of various kinds are used to control crowds of people, such as spectators at sports events.
  • the crush barriers, handrails, walls and/or fences may be subjected to high, and even excessive, loading, possibly resulting in failure of the structures.
  • a crowd control barrier structure comprising a barrier intended to prevent or impede the movement of people or animals, at least a part of the barrier being of a rigid substantially unyielding construction; characterised in that the barrier structure comprises sensing means adapted to monitor the magnitude of force applied to the said rigid part of the barrier means by pressure of a crowd thereagainst.
  • the sensing means preferably comprises means to produce an electrical, ultrasonic, optical or hydraulic signal which varies in dependence upon the magnitude of said pressure.
  • Said means may comprise at least one strain gauge, load cell or displacement-responsive transducer.
  • the sensing means is preferably coupled to a remote monitoring station at which the effect of the force can be monitored.
  • a plurality of barrier means may be provided in a particular installation, each provided with respective sensing means, and all of said sensing means may be coupled to a common monitoring station.
  • the or each barrier means may comprise a barrier rail, a handrail or a fence supported by a plurality of support members, or may comprise a wall.
  • a method of detecting a potential or actual crowd control problem comprising monitoring a parameter of a barrier structure, which parameter varies in dependence upon the magnitude of pressure exerted against the barrier structure by the crowd.
  • a barrier structure 1 comprises a plurality of upright posts, such as a post 2, which support a rail 3 or a plurality of rails. At least some of the posts are braced by inclined braces 4. The posts, the rail or rails and the braces may be made of steel, for example.
  • a sensor 5 is provided at the base of at least one of the posts to sense a parameter which varies in dependence upon the force applied to the structure 1 as a result of crowd pressure thereagainst.
  • the sensor 5 may comprise a strain gauge, the output of which varies as a result of bending of the post under the applied force.
  • a sensor 6 may be provided at the base of at least one of the braces. Such sensor may sense tensile or compressive stress induced in the brace.
  • sensors (not shown) may be provided in association with the rail itself.
  • Each sensor may comprise an individual sensor element or a pack of sensor elements, and each element may comprise a load cell, a strain gauge or a displacement-responsive transducer, depending upon the parameter which is to be sensed.
  • the sensors may operate electrically, electronically, magnetically, ultrasonically, by electromagnetic radiation or hydraulically.
  • the or each sensor is preferably coupled by wire, a fibre optic cable, a radio, light or ultrasonic link, or a hydraulic line, as the case may be, to a central receiving station 7, at which the signal from the or each sensor can be monitored.
  • barrier structures may be provided around the enclosure, each provided with sensors, each of which is coupled to the central receiving station 7 or to another receiving station (not shown).
  • signals generated by the sensors are continuously monitored by personnel and/or by automatic monitoring devices at the receiving station or stations. If pressure against any of the barriers reaches a predetermined level at which a potential crown control or overcrowding problem is indicated, an audible and/or visual alarm is operated and/or automatic or manual means is operated to counter the problem.
  • gates may be manually or automatically closed to prevent the entry of further people into the enclosure or into a section of the enclosure. Alternatively or additionally, gates may be opened manually or automatically to allow people to escape from the enclosure.
  • Such automatic monitoring devices may be implemented by hardware and/or by a suitable data processor and software.
  • Fig. 2 shows an alternative form of barrier structure 8 which comprises concrete posts, such as a post 9, supporting a rail 10.
  • a sensor 11 is provide at the foot of the post 9 to detect tensile or compressive stress in the post, depending upon the direction of the force applied to the structure by the crowd. Otherwise, the arrangement can be similar to the Fig. 1 embodiment.
  • Fig. 3 shows a similar arrangement, but in which the barrier comprises a fence 12 supported by posts, such as a post 13.
  • Fig. 4 shows a wall 14 which includes panels incorporating sensors for sensing pressure exerted against the panels by a crowd.
  • panels 15, 16 and 17 of various shapes are illustrated.
  • alternative and/or additional sensors may be provided at any part of the barrier structure where a parameter changes due to force applied to the structure by pressure from the crowd.
  • the monitoring method according to the invention may be used in relation to existing barrier structures by the addition thereto of suitable sensors and associated monitoring equipment.
  • suitable sensors and associated monitoring equipment Alternatively, purpose-built barriers incorporating the sensors may be installed.
  • the provision of sensors in the barrier structures may also assist in the design of suitable structures for a particular situation.
  • the barrier structures may be used in relation to, for example, stadia, sports grounds, arenas and other public enclosures, and may be permanent structures or temporary or portable structures, such as structures erected temporarily for processions, festivals, outdoor meetings or rallies.
  • the invention is primarily for use in relation to crowds of people, it might be used in relation to animals.

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Fencing (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Massenbeherrschungssperrgebilde mit einer Sperreinrichtung, die dazu dient, die Bewegung von Menschen oder Tieren zu verhindern oder zu behindern, wobei wenigstens ein Teil der Sperreinrichtung einen starren, im wesentlichen unnachgiebigen Aufbau hat, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Sperrgebilde eine Erfassungseinrichtung (5, 6, 11, 15, 16, 17) aufweist, die dazu dient, die Größe einer Kraft zu überwachen, die auf den starren Teil der Sperreinrichtung (2, 3, 9, 10, 13, 14) durch Druck einer Masse ausgeübt wird.
  2. Gebilde nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Erfassungseinrichtung (5, 6, 11, 15, 16, 17) wenigstens einen Dehnungsmesser zum Erfassen der Dehnung aufweist, die in dem starren Teil (2, 3, 3, 10, 13, 14) der Sperreinrichtung aufgrund der ausgeübten Kraft hervorgerufen wird.
  3. Gebilde nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Erfassungseinrichtung (5, 6, 11, 15, 16, 17) wenigstens eine Kraftmeßdose aufweist zum Erkennen der Belastung des starren Teils (2, 3, 9, 10, 13, 14) der Sperreinrichtung infolge der ausgeübten Kraft.
  4. Gebilde nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Erfassungseinrichtung (5, 6, 11, 15, 16, 17) wenigsten einen Verlagerungssensor aufweist zum Erfassen der verlagerung des oder innerhalb des starren Teils (2, 3, 9, 10, 13, 14) der Sperreinrichtung, die durch die ausgeübte Kraft verursacht wird.
  5. Gebilde nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Sperreinrichtung (1, 8) wenigstens ein Sperrteil (3, 10, 12) aufweist, das durch mehrere Halteteile (2, 4, 9, 13) gehalten ist, und wobei die Erfassungseinrichtung wenigstens einen Sensor (5, 6, 11) aufweist, der mit dem Halteteil gekoppelt ist.
  6. Gebilde nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sperre ein temporäres oder tragbares Gebilde ist.
  7. Massenüberwachungssystem mit einem Gebilde nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Erfassungseinrichtung (5, 6, 11, 15, 16, 17) mit einer Empfangsstation (7) verbunden ist, in welcher die Wirkung der Kraft überwacht werden kann.
  8. System nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Empfangsstation (7) eine Einrichtung aufweist zum Auslösen eines Alarms, wenn die überwachte Kraft über einen vorbestimmten Wert ansteigt.
  9. System nach Anspruch 7 oder Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Empfangsstation (7) eine Einrichtung aufweist, die aufgrund eines Anstiegs der überwachten Kraft über einen vorbestimmten wert die Betätigung einer Einrichtung zum Begrenzen des Massendruckes bewirkt.
  10. System nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Begrenzungseinrichtung ein Tor aufweist, das aufgrund des Anstiegs der überwachten Kraft automatisch geöffnet oder geschlossen wird.
  11. Verfahren zum Erkennen eines potentiellen oder aktuellen Massenbeherrschungsproblems unter verwendung eines Massenbeherrschungssperrgebildes nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch Überwachen eines Parameters des starren Teils (2, 3, 9, 10, 13, 14) der Sperreinrichtung, der sich in Abhängigkeit von der Größe des Druckes, der durch die Menge auf den starren Teil ausgeübt wird, verändert.
  12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Parameter die in dem starren Teil der Sperreinrichtung hervorgerufene Dehnung ist, die durch den Druck verursacht wird.
  13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Parameter die Belastung des starren Teils der Sperreinrichtung ist, die durch den Druck verursacht wird.
  14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Parameter die Verlagerung des oder innerhalb des starren Teils der Sperreinrichtung ist, die durch den Druck verursacht wird.
EP19910300132 1990-01-10 1991-01-09 Wandstruktur Expired - Lifetime EP0437341B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9000553 1990-01-10
GB909000553A GB9000553D0 (en) 1990-01-10 1990-01-10 Barrier structures

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0437341A2 EP0437341A2 (de) 1991-07-17
EP0437341A3 EP0437341A3 (en) 1992-09-02
EP0437341B1 true EP0437341B1 (de) 1997-07-30

Family

ID=10669086

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910300132 Expired - Lifetime EP0437341B1 (de) 1990-01-10 1991-01-09 Wandstruktur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0437341B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69127000T2 (de)
GB (1) GB9000553D0 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023147054A1 (en) * 2022-01-28 2023-08-03 Comprise Technologies, Inc. Cushioned barricade with crowd surge monitoring and alert system

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016020476A1 (en) * 2014-08-06 2016-02-11 Agt International Gmbh Collapsible smart fence
DE102015209433B4 (de) * 2015-05-22 2018-06-21 Oliver Kastens Verwendung eines Wellenbrechers in einem Sicherheitssystem für ein Veranstaltungsgelände
US10914557B2 (en) 2016-12-09 2021-02-09 Motorola Solutions, Inc. Method, device, and system for managing a formation of electronically-embedded intelligent shields

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IL60240A (en) * 1980-06-05 1982-07-30 Beta Eng & Dev Ltd Intrusion detection system and detectors useful therein
GB2162981A (en) * 1984-08-09 1986-02-12 Shorrock Security Systems Ltd Intruder detection barrier
FR2587057B1 (fr) * 1985-09-06 1987-12-04 Cloez Gerard Grille de protection a deverrouillage automatique en cas de panique
GB2239272A (en) * 1989-11-11 1991-06-26 Soltrepac Ltd Crowd control barrier

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023147054A1 (en) * 2022-01-28 2023-08-03 Comprise Technologies, Inc. Cushioned barricade with crowd surge monitoring and alert system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0437341A2 (de) 1991-07-17
DE69127000D1 (de) 1997-09-04
GB9000553D0 (en) 1990-03-14
EP0437341A3 (en) 1992-09-02
DE69127000T2 (de) 1998-03-05

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