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EP0442331B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour diminuer la possibilité de repérage des gaz - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour diminuer la possibilité de repérage des gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0442331B1
EP0442331B1 EP91101318A EP91101318A EP0442331B1 EP 0442331 B1 EP0442331 B1 EP 0442331B1 EP 91101318 A EP91101318 A EP 91101318A EP 91101318 A EP91101318 A EP 91101318A EP 0442331 B1 EP0442331 B1 EP 0442331B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
diesel engine
exhaust
cooling
cooling device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91101318A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0442331A1 (fr
Inventor
Hubert-Peter Dr. Hitziger
Helmut Pleimling
Werner Dr. Dietrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Caterpillar Energy Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Motoren Werke Mannheim AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG, Motoren Werke Mannheim AG filed Critical Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Priority to DE59101739T priority Critical patent/DE59101739D1/de
Publication of EP0442331A1 publication Critical patent/EP0442331A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0442331B1 publication Critical patent/EP0442331B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids
    • F01N3/043—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids without contact between liquid and exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
    • F01N2250/10—Combinations of different methods of purification cooling and filtering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for reducing the location of gases, in particular exhaust gases from a diesel internal combustion engine.
  • Exhaust gases from diesel engines can be located due to their emission of electromagnetic waves in the visible and infrared range.
  • white and blue smoke emissions play a role in cold starts and warm-up operation
  • black smoke emissions play a role in warm starts, acceleration and under load.
  • the entire exhaust gas mass radiates in the infrared range depending on its temperature.
  • the diesel soot which is a black emitter, emits particularly intensely.
  • GB-A 2,161,397 describes a device for the aftertreatment of the exhaust gases from diesel engines, in which the exhaust gas is filtered in the entire operating range of the diesel internal combustion engine and then cooled and in certain cases can be heated before cooling.
  • the invention has for its object to improve the solution of the generic script to prevent the location of the exhaust gases from internal combustion engines, in particular diesel internal combustion engines in their entire operating range including cold start and warm-up.
  • the filtering of the exhaust gases primarily removes the clearly visible and intensely heat-radiating soot particles.
  • the cold but also clearly visible White and blue smoke is ignited by heating and burns to invisible carbon dioxide and water vapor due to the residual oxygen contained in the exhaust gas of the diesel engine. It is basically the same whether the white and blue smoke is heated before or after filtering the exhaust gas.
  • heating up before filtering has the advantage that only one exhaust gas heating device is required to burn the hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas and to heat up the particle filter for regeneration.
  • Cooling the exhaust gas reduces its radiation intensity in the infrared range. Since the exhaust gas heat is required for the regeneration of the particle filter device and since heat is generated during the regeneration in the particle filter device itself, it is expedient to carry out the cooling of the exhaust gas after the filtering and therefore to arrange the exhaust gas cooling device downstream of the particle filter device.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device acts in all operating points of the diesel internal combustion engine, while the exhaust gas heating device is only required for the combustion of the white and blue smoke and for the regeneration of the particle filter device.
  • Monolithic ceramic filters are particularly suitable for thermal regeneration. They can be heated by means of electrical resistance heating or by means of flame heating.
  • the electrical resistance heating has the advantage that it does not consume any residual oxygen when heating, and is therefore particularly suitable for burning the hydrocarbons during cold start and warm-up.
  • flame heating has the advantage of being operated with low electrical energy. This in turn offers the option of operating the flame heater before starting the diesel engine.
  • the diesel engine can be preheated via the exhaust gas cooling device if it is connected to the liquid cooling system of the diesel engine. In this way, the formation of white and blue smoke is largely avoided and its possible existing residues are burned immediately, so that an optical location of the diesel engine is hardly possible even with a cold start.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device can be bypassed by an advantageous development of the invention and thus be overridden. In this case, the exhaust gas flows outside without cooling, which saves cooling power and thus fuel.
  • An advantageous design of the exhaust gas cooling device provides corrosion protection against the hot sulfur dioxide-containing exhaust gases and against aggressive components of the cooling water. This advantage has a particular impact on marine diesel engines, where the risk of corrosion is particularly high due to the high sulfur content of the fuel and - in the case of sea water cooling - because of the aggressiveness of the sea water.
  • the figure shows: is a schematic representation of the diesel engine with a device for reducing the location of the exhaust gases.
  • the diesel internal combustion engine 1 is supplied with combustion air via the intake air line 8 and in turn emits the exhaust gases to the exhaust line 2.
  • An exhaust gas heating device 3, a particle filter device 4 and an exhaust gas cooling device 5 are provided in the exhaust gas line 2 in series in the flow direction.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device 5 is connected to a bypass line 6 with a shut-off device 7 in parallel.
  • the device works as follows: The exhaust gases of the diesel internal combustion engine 1 are conducted via the exhaust line 2 to the particle filter device 4, in which the exhaust soot is largely filtered out. The cleaned exhaust gas then passes into the exhaust gas cooling device 5, in which the exhaust gas is cooled.
  • This is preferably a ceramic heat exchanger that is particularly resistant to the hot, corrosive exhaust gas and the cooling water.
  • the cooling circuit of the exhaust gas cooling device 5 is connected to that of the diesel internal combustion engine, so that the cooling heat of the diesel internal combustion engine 1 and the exhaust gas cooling device 5 is given to the air in a common recooler.
  • a bypass line 6 with a shut-off device 7 is available.
  • the particle filter device 4 is a monolithic ceramic filter or ceramic wound-candle filter or other filter of known or possible type. If these filters are coated with soot, they can e.g. B. regenerated by burning.
  • the exhaust gas heating device 3 supplies the heat required for this purpose. With the exhaust gas heating device 3, the exhaust gas is also heated during the cold start and warm-up of the diesel internal combustion engine 1. This burns any white or blue smoke that may be generated and prevents the diesel engine from being recognized even during a cold start. Likewise, however, are all other regeneration processes that work according to the heating method or the method of lowering the reaction temperatures of soot, white and blue smoke.
  • the exhaust gas heating device 3 can also be used for preheating the diesel engine and for auxiliary heating.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device 5 is used via the common cooling circuit, the diesel engine 1 and a possibly existing heating heat exchanger to heat up.
  • an electric cooling water pump is advantageously provided, which keeps the cooling circuit going even when the diesel internal combustion engine is at a standstill.
  • the exhaust gas cooling device 5 In stationary application, it may be advantageous to use the exhaust gas cooling device 5 as part of a total energy system. This possibility also exists in the case of ship drives, with fresh water cooling of the exhaust gas cooling device 5 being possible here in the event of a lack of heat.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible, by cleaning and cooling the exhaust gas, to make it considerably more difficult to locate diesel internal combustion engines, specifically when they are used in vehicles, ships and stationary systems.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé pour diminuer la possibilité de repérage des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur diesel, dans lequel toute l'étendue de son domaine de fonctionnement, les gaz sont filtrés puis refroidis, avec réchauffement intermédiaire dans certains cas de fonctionnement, caractérisé en ce que le chauffage des gaz a lieu pendant le démarrage à froid et la montée en température, afin de produire la combustion des hydrocarbures contenus dans les gaz d'échappement de manière à réduire également le repérage de l'émission due aux hydrocarbures dans le domaine visible.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le réchauffement des gaz d'échappement à lieu avant leur filtration.
  3. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1, comprenant un moteur diesel (1) dont les gaz d'échappement s'écoulent dans une canalisation (2) sur laquelle sont montés successivement dans le sens de l'écoulement un dispositif de filtration des particules (4), un dispositif de refroidissement des gaz (5) et éventuellement, en amont du dispositif (4) un dispositif de réchauffement des gaz (3), caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de filtration des particules (4) est un filtre céramique monolithique.
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif (3) de réchauffement des gaz utilise des résistances électriques.
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif (3) de réchauffement des gaz, est un dispositif à flamme.
  6. Dispositif selon une des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif d'abaissement des températures de réaction des particules de noir de carbone, des fumées blanches et bleues, est monté en amont du filtre (4) ou dans ce filtre.
  7. Dispositif selon une des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de refroidissement (5) des gaz d'échappement, est constitué par un échangeur eau-gaz résistant à la corrosion, de préférence en céramique.
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de refroidissement de dispositif réfroidisseur des gaz (5) fonctionne en liaison avec le circuit de refroidissement du moteur diesel (1).
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif réfroidisseur des gaz (5) peut utiliser directement l'eau de mer comme source froide.
  10. Dispositif selon une des revendications 3 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu une conduite obturable (6) contournant le dispositif réfroidisseur des gaz (5).
EP91101318A 1990-02-15 1991-02-01 Procédé et dispositif pour diminuer la possibilité de repérage des gaz Expired - Lifetime EP0442331B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59101739T DE59101739D1 (de) 1991-02-01 1991-02-01 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verminderung der Ortbarkeit von Gasen.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19904004636 DE4004636A1 (de) 1990-02-15 1990-02-15 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verminderung der ortbarkeit von gasen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0442331A1 EP0442331A1 (fr) 1991-08-21
EP0442331B1 true EP0442331B1 (fr) 1994-06-01

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ID=6400177

Family Applications (1)

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EP91101318A Expired - Lifetime EP0442331B1 (fr) 1990-02-15 1991-02-01 Procédé et dispositif pour diminuer la possibilité de repérage des gaz

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0442331B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE4004636A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL2005284C2 (nl) * 2010-08-27 2012-02-28 Trs Transportkoeling B V Verbrandingsmotor voorzien van een uitlaatpijp.
NL2005285C2 (nl) * 2010-08-27 2012-02-28 Trs Transportkoeling B V Verbrandingsmotor voorzien van een uitlaatpijp.
DE102011015513A1 (de) * 2011-03-30 2012-10-04 Dif Die Ideenfabrik Gmbh Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung für ein Wasserfahrzeug und ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2161397A (en) * 1984-07-11 1986-01-15 Michael George Berry Exhaust catalytic combustor

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FR864188A (fr) * 1939-11-18 1941-04-21 Dispositifs de camouflage des feux industriels et autres
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DE1099799B (de) * 1959-04-14 1961-02-16 Daimler Benz Ag Auspuffleitung fuer Kraftwagen
DE1530842A1 (de) * 1963-02-27 1969-05-14 Rheinstahl Henschel Ag Gepanzertes Fahrzeug mit Antrieb durch eine Gasturbine
DE1576781C3 (de) * 1967-02-25 1978-09-07 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Vorrichtung an Abgasanlagen von Brennkraftmaschinen für Panzerfahrzeuge
GB1295751A (fr) * 1969-02-19 1972-11-08
FR2508098B2 (fr) * 1977-07-11 1986-07-04 Pusch Gunter Procede et dispositif de protection de vehicules mobiles contre l'observation par appareils a rayons infrarouges
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DE2731205C3 (de) * 1977-07-11 1983-02-17 Pusch, Günter, Dr.-Ing., 6903 Neckargemünd Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schutz (IR-Tarnung) der Austrittsstellen heißer Gase, wie z.B. Auspuffstutzen von Brennkraftmaschinen
US4326378A (en) * 1980-01-31 1982-04-27 Texaco Inc. Filter for an internal combustion engine having rejuvenation capabilities
JPS6131131Y2 (fr) * 1981-03-26 1986-09-10
DE3127106A1 (de) * 1981-07-09 1983-01-27 Hughes Helicopters, Inc., 90230 Culver City, Calif. Vorrichtung zur strahlungsabschirmung und gasausbreitung
JPS58199018A (ja) * 1982-05-18 1983-11-19 Nippon Denso Co Ltd 電気的加熱手段を有する排気ガス微粒子浄化装置
DE3437750A1 (de) * 1984-10-16 1986-05-07 Helmut 2420 Eutin Krueger-Beuster Hilfseinrichtung
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Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2161397A (en) * 1984-07-11 1986-01-15 Michael George Berry Exhaust catalytic combustor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4004636A1 (de) 1991-08-22
EP0442331A1 (fr) 1991-08-21

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