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EP0129701B1 - Oven device for cooling a workload, especially of metallic workpieces - Google Patents

Oven device for cooling a workload, especially of metallic workpieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0129701B1
EP0129701B1 EP84105678A EP84105678A EP0129701B1 EP 0129701 B1 EP0129701 B1 EP 0129701B1 EP 84105678 A EP84105678 A EP 84105678A EP 84105678 A EP84105678 A EP 84105678A EP 0129701 B1 EP0129701 B1 EP 0129701B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
cooling
closed
cooling gas
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84105678A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0129701A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Schmetz
Dieter Gierse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schmetz GmbH and Co KG
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Schmetz GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Priority to AT84105678T priority Critical patent/ATE31553T1/en
Publication of EP0129701A1 publication Critical patent/EP0129701A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0129701B1 publication Critical patent/EP0129701B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/767—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material with forced gas circulation; Reheating thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/84—Controlled slow cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • F27B2005/161—Gas inflow or outflow
    • F27B2005/162—Gas inflow or outflow through closable or non-closable openings of the chamber walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • F27B2005/166—Means to circulate the atmosphere
    • F27B2005/169—Means to circulate the atmosphere the atmosphere being continuously renewed by exterior means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a furnace system for cooling a batch, in particular of metallic workpieces, after heat treatment within a closed treatment chamber by blowing with a stream of cooling gas.
  • a furnace for carrying out a heat treatment of workpieces with a closed treatment chamber receiving the workpieces is known.
  • the chamber contains an inlet for introducing a substantially continuous flow of a gas which is active in the heat treatment and a connection for discharging a substantially constant gas flow from the chamber, with circulation devices being used to generate the gas flow.
  • spaces adjacent to the chamber are provided, each with an associated reciprocable piston.
  • At least two pistons can be arranged at right angles to one another. With the aid of these pistons, the gas in the chamber can be moved back and forth in a pulsating manner relative to the workpiece.
  • a suitable gas for carrying out a thermochemical process such as carburization, decarburization, reduction or nitriding is brought into contact with the surface of the workpiece.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a furnace system for cooling a batch after a heat treatment within a closed treatment chamber by blowing with a cooling gas, by means of which the thermal requirements during a cooling process can be better fulfilled than hitherto.
  • the flow of the cooling gas should be controllable within the treatment chamber in such a way that a largely uniform temperature distribution within the batch can be achieved if a desired cooling rate is maintained.
  • an electrical memory in the temperature control system which is used to store the control signals of an initial batch for a programmed control of repeat batches.
  • the advantages that can be achieved with the invention consist essentially in the fact that through the targeted use of the cooling gas flow in the treatment chamber in terms of intensity and / or direction, taking into account the conditions of the batch, cooling is carried out at a predetermined speed and the other largely uniform distribution of the temperature within the batch can be achieved.
  • Uniform temperature distribution means maintaining temperature differences within a specified range.
  • Such a cooling process can be carried out safely both within a treatment chamber in the form of a hollow cylinder and in the form of a hollow cube.
  • the inclusion of a temperature controller system on the basis of target-actual comparisons between the target values of the temperature specification and the measured actual values also offers the advantage of being able to carry out the entire cooling process automatically.
  • a vacuum chamber furnace which essentially consists of a double-walled cylindrical steel housing 1, which has a removable cover 2 on the underside, and a cylindrical treatment chamber located on the inside 3 with an upright cylinder axis and space on all sides to the inner wall of the steel housing 1. Loading takes place from the underside after removal of the cover 2.
  • the cover can just as well be arranged on the top of the steel housing.
  • partition walls 4 and 5 are arranged in the form of annular disks in the vicinity of the upper and lower ends of the treatment chamber. These dividing walls form a lower and an upper space 6 and 7 and a middle space in the intermediate space.
  • the middle room is divided by two partition walls 8 running in a common axial plane into two semicircular rooms 9, 10.
  • control valves for the inlet are designated E and for the outlet of the cooling gas with A, the affiliation to the respective space 6, 7, 9 or 10 being indicated by the additional digit.
  • the control valves are two-way valves that are actuated electromagnetically or in some other way.
  • FIG. 3 shows an oven system with a cubic treatment chamber 3 'inside a cylindrical steel housing 1', which is arranged with a horizontally extending cylinder axis.
  • the cover 2 ', with which the loading opening is closed, is located here on an end face of the steel housing 1'.
  • the steel housing 1 ' is shown on the left in cross section and on the right in longitudinal section.
  • the treatment chamber 3 'in the form of a cube has a length in the diagonals which corresponds approximately to the inside diameter of the cylindrical steel housing 1'.
  • partition walls 16, 17 are arranged in the form of circular sections. A total of six closed rooms are formed by these partition walls 16 and 17, namely a room 18 on the front sides and rooms 20, 21, 22 and 23 on the longitudinal walls of the treatment chamber 3 '.
  • the individual control valves are designated as in the furnace system according to FIG. 1 with the letters E and A with the addition of a number that corresponds to the reference number of the associated room.
  • FIG. 4 In the treatment chamber 3 'provided here in the form of a cube, eight different operating states are possible with regard to the guidance of the cooling gas in the interior of the treatment chamber 3'. These different operating states are shown in FIG. 4 in the same way as in FIG. 3 for the furnace system according to FIG. 1.
  • operating states 5 to 8 gas flows can be set which run in opposite directions perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. This is indicated by crosses or dots.
  • the table at the bottom shows the switching positions of the twelve control valves for all eight operating states.
  • the change in the intensity of the different flows of the cooling gas in the interior of the treatment chamber 3 or 3 ′ can be brought about in a simple manner by regulating the delivery rate of the blower device 14.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Control Of Heat Treatment Processes (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

A method and oven equipment for cooling a charge after thermal treatment. The charge, which is located within a closed chamber, is cooled by blowing in cooling gas. The cooling occurs as a function of the actual conditions of the charge at a predetermined speed, and a uniform distribution of temperature within the charge is assured. For this purpose, the temperature distribution in the charge is measured by temperature sensors, and the intensity and/or direction of the flow of the cooling gas can be changed if deviations from the predetermined theoretical values occur. The wall of the closed treatment chamber of the oven equipment contains a plurality of gas passages which can either be closed off, or are permeable for gases yet impermeable for heat rays. Cooling gases are conducted through the chamber via control valves. The cooling gas is circulated with the aid of a blower unit along with a gas cooler. A temperature control system based on desired-actual-comparisons operates the control valves and the closure elements of the gas passages.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Ofenanlage zur Kühlung einer Charge, insbesondere aus metallischen Werkstücken, nach einer Wärmebehandlung innerhalb einer geschlossenen Behandlungskammer durch Anblasen mit einem Kühlgasstrom.The invention relates to a furnace system for cooling a batch, in particular of metallic workpieces, after heat treatment within a closed treatment chamber by blowing with a stream of cooling gas.

Aus der DE-A-2 624 828 ist ein Ofen zur Durchführung einer Wärmebehandlung von Werkstücken mit einer die Werkstücke aufnehmenden geschlossenen Behandlungskammer bekannt. Die Kammer enthält dabei einen Einlaß zum Einleiten eines im wesentlichen kontinuierlichen Stromes eines bei der Wärmebehandlung wirksamen Gases und einen Anschluß zum Ableiten eines im wesentlichen konstanten Gasstromes aus der Kammer, wobei Umwälzeinrichtungen zum Erzeugen der Gasströmung dienen. Weiter sind hierbei an die Kammer angrenzende Räume mit jeweils einem zugeordneten hin- und herbewegbaren Kolben vorgesehen. Dabei können wenigstens zwei Kolben rechtwinkelig zueinander angeordnet sein. Mit Hilfe dieser Kolben ist das in der Kammer befindliche Gas relativ zum Werkstück pulsierend hin- und herbewegbar. Bei diesem Verfahren wird ein geeignetes Gas zur Durchführung eines thermochemischen Prozesses wie Aufkohlung Entkohlung, Reduktion oder Nitrierung mit der Oberfläche des Werkstückes in Kontakt gebracht.From DE-A-2 624 828 a furnace for carrying out a heat treatment of workpieces with a closed treatment chamber receiving the workpieces is known. The chamber contains an inlet for introducing a substantially continuous flow of a gas which is active in the heat treatment and a connection for discharging a substantially constant gas flow from the chamber, with circulation devices being used to generate the gas flow. Furthermore, spaces adjacent to the chamber are provided, each with an associated reciprocable piston. At least two pistons can be arranged at right angles to one another. With the aid of these pistons, the gas in the chamber can be moved back and forth in a pulsating manner relative to the workpiece. In this method, a suitable gas for carrying out a thermochemical process such as carburization, decarburization, reduction or nitriding is brought into contact with the surface of the workpiece.

Zu den gebräuchlichen Verfahren zum Härten von metallischen Werkstücken ist seit einiger Zeit als neues Verfahren das sogenannte Vakuum-Härten hinzugekommen. Dieses Verfahren besteht im wesentlichen darin, das Behandlungsgut (Charge) unter Vakuum auf die erforderliche Härtetemperatur zu erwärmen und hiernach durch Anblasen mit einem Kühlgas, wie z. B. Stickstoff oder Argon, abzuschrecken. Die Vorteile, die ein solches Verfahren vor allem hinsichtlich der Oberflächenqualität des Härtegutes bietet, können jedoch nicht ausgeschöpft werden, wenn der Abschreckvorgang innerhalb der Charge so ungleichmäßig verläuft, daß daraus stark unterschiedliche Härtewerte resultieren, oder wenn an einem einzelnen Behandlungsstück beachtliche Temperaturdifferenzen zwischen verschiedenen Stellen des Behandlungsstückes auftreten, die bleibende Formänderungen (Verzug) verursachen können. Solche Unzulänglichkeiten können verstärkt auftreten, wenn die einzelnen Behandlungsteile oder die ganze Charge unterschiedliche Massenverteilungen aufweisen oder wenn durch den Chargenaufbau die Durchströmung mit Kühlgas behindert wird.For some time now, vacuum hardening has been added to the usual methods for hardening metallic workpieces as a new method. This method consists essentially in heating the material to be treated (batch) under vacuum to the required hardening temperature and then by blowing with a cooling gas, such as. B. nitrogen or argon. The advantages offered by such a process, particularly with regard to the surface quality of the hardened material, cannot be exploited if the quenching process within the batch is so uneven that it results in very different hardness values, or if there are considerable temperature differences between different points on a single treatment item of the treatment piece occur, which can cause permanent changes in shape (distortion). Such inadequacies can occur if the individual treatment parts or the entire batch have different mass distributions or if the flow of cooling gas is hindered by the batch structure.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde für das Kühlen einer Charge nach einer Wärmebehandlung innerhalb einer geschlossenen Behandlungskammer durch Anblasen mit einem Kühlgas eine Ofenanlage bereitzustellen, mittels der die thermischen Anforderungen während eines Kühlprozesses besser als bisher erfüllbar sind, d. h. die Strömung des Kühlgases soll innerhalb der Behandlungskammer derart steuerbar sein, daß bei Einhaltung einer gewünschten Abkühlgeschwindigkeit eine weitgehend gleichmäßige Temperaturverteilung innerhalb der Charge erzielbar ist.The invention has for its object to provide a furnace system for cooling a batch after a heat treatment within a closed treatment chamber by blowing with a cooling gas, by means of which the thermal requirements during a cooling process can be better fulfilled than hitherto. H. the flow of the cooling gas should be controllable within the treatment chamber in such a way that a largely uniform temperature distribution within the batch can be achieved if a desired cooling rate is maintained.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Ofenanlage in einer Ausgestaltung gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention by a furnace system in an embodiment according to claim 1 or 2.

Für die Behandlung einer Anzahl gleichbleibender Chargen ist es vorteilhaft, einen elektrischen Speicher in das Temperaturregler-System einzubeziehen, der dazu dient, die Steuersignale einer Erstcharge für eine programmierte Steuerung von Wiederholchargen zu speichern.For the treatment of a number of constant batches, it is advantageous to include an electrical memory in the temperature control system which is used to store the control signals of an initial batch for a programmed control of repeat batches.

Die Anwendung einer Gasdurchtrittsöffnung, die gegen Wärmestrahlungsverluste optisch abgedeckt ist, ist an sich bekannt, z. B. aus der DE-A-1 800 782, die einen Vakuumofen zum Löten von Werkstücken zeigt.The use of a gas passage opening, which is optically covered against heat radiation losses, is known per se, for. B. from DE-A-1 800 782, which shows a vacuum furnace for soldering workpieces.

Die Vorteile, die mit der Erfindung erzielbar sind, bestehen im wesentlichen darin, daß durch den gezielten Einsatz des Kühlgasstromes in der Behandlungskammer hinsichtlich Intensität und/ oder Richtung unter Berücksichtigung der Gegebenheiten der Charge zum einen die Abkühlung mit einer vorgegebenen Geschwindigkeit durchgeführt und zum anderen eine weitgehend gleichmäßige Verteilung der Temperatur innerhalb der Charge erreichbar ist. Gleichmäßige Temperaturverteilung bedeutet hierbei die Einhaltung von Temperaturdifferenzen innerhalb einer vorgegebenen Bandbreite. Die sichere Durchführung eines solchen Abkühlungsprozesses ist dabei sowohl innerhalb einer Behandlungskammer im Form eines hohlen Zylinders als auch in Form eines hohlen Würfels möglich. Die Einbeziehung eines Temperaturregler-Systems auf der Basis von Soll-Ist-Vergleichen zwischen den Soll-Werten der Temperaturvorgabe und den gemessenen Ist-Werten bietet ferner den Vorteil, den gesamten Kühlvorgang automatisch durchführen zu können.The advantages that can be achieved with the invention consist essentially in the fact that through the targeted use of the cooling gas flow in the treatment chamber in terms of intensity and / or direction, taking into account the conditions of the batch, cooling is carried out at a predetermined speed and the other largely uniform distribution of the temperature within the batch can be achieved. Uniform temperature distribution means maintaining temperature differences within a specified range. Such a cooling process can be carried out safely both within a treatment chamber in the form of a hollow cylinder and in the form of a hollow cube. The inclusion of a temperature controller system on the basis of target-actual comparisons between the target values of the temperature specification and the measured actual values also offers the advantage of being able to carry out the entire cooling process automatically.

Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden nachstehend näher erläutert. Es zeigen :

  • Fig. 1 eine Prinzipdarstellung einer Ofenanlage mit zylindrischer Behandlungskammer,
  • Fig. 2 eine Prinzipdarstellung einer Ofenanlage mit würfelförmiger Behandlungskammer,
  • Fig. 3 Schemata der verschiedenen Betriebszustände hinsichtlich der Strömung des Kühlgases in der Behandlungskammer der Ofenanlage nach Fig. 1 und
  • Fig. 4 Schemata der verschiedenen Betriebszustände hinsichtlich der Strömung des Kühlgases in der Behandlungskammer der Ofenanlage nach Fig. 2.
Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are explained in more detail below. Show it :
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of an oven system with a cylindrical treatment chamber,
  • 2 shows a schematic diagram of an oven system with a cubic treatment chamber,
  • 3 shows schemes of the various operating states with regard to the flow of the cooling gas in the treatment chamber of the furnace system according to FIGS. 1 and
  • 4 shows diagrams of the various operating states with regard to the flow of the cooling gas in the treatment chamber of the furnace system according to FIG. 2.

Zu der in Fig. 1 abgebildeten Ofenanlage gehört ein Vakuum-Kammerofen, der im wesentlichen aus einem doppelwandigen zylindrischen Stahlgehäuse 1, das an der Unterseite einen abnehmbaren Deckel 2 aufweist, und einer im Innern befindlichen zylindrischen Behandlungskammer 3 mit aufrechtstehender Zylinderachse und allseitigem Zwischenraum zur Innenwandung des Stahlgehäuses 1 besteht. Die Beschickung erfolgt von der Unterseite nach Abnahme des Deckels 2. Ebensogut kann der Deckel oben am Stahlgehäuse angeordnet sein.1 includes a vacuum chamber furnace which essentially consists of a double-walled cylindrical steel housing 1, which has a removable cover 2 on the underside, and a cylindrical treatment chamber located on the inside 3 with an upright cylinder axis and space on all sides to the inner wall of the steel housing 1. Loading takes place from the underside after removal of the cover 2. The cover can just as well be arranged on the top of the steel housing.

Im Zwischenraum zwischen der Behandlungskammer 3 und dem Stahlgehäuse 1 sind in der Nähe des oberen und unteren Endes der Behandlungskammer 3 Trennwände 4 und 5 in Form von Ringscheiben angeordnet. Durch diese Trennwände sind im Zwischenraum ein unterer und ein oberer Raum 6 bzw. 7 und ein mittlerer Raum gebildet. Der mittlere Raum ist durch zwei in einer gemeinsamen Axialebene verlaufende Trennwände 8 in zwei im Grundriß halbrunde Räume 9, 10 unterteilt.In the space between the treatment chamber 3 and the steel housing 1 3 partition walls 4 and 5 are arranged in the form of annular disks in the vicinity of the upper and lower ends of the treatment chamber. These dividing walls form a lower and an upper space 6 and 7 and a middle space in the intermediate space. The middle room is divided by two partition walls 8 running in a common axial plane into two semicircular rooms 9, 10.

Im Boden, in der Decke und in der Zylinderwandung der Behandlungskammer 3 sind jeweils eine Vielzahl von Gasdurchtrittsöffnungen 11 enthalten, die entweder durchlässig für Gase, jedoch undurchlässig für Wärmestrahlen sind oder durch nicht dargestellte Klappen verschließbar sind. Zur Betätigung der Klappen dienen Stellgeräte wie Hubzylinder oder dergleichen. In jeden der Räume 6, 7, 9 und 10 münden je zwei Rohranschlüsse für das Einleiten bzw. Ableiten von Kühlgas. Diese Rohranschlüsse sind über Verbindungsleitungen und je ein Steuerventil einerseits an die Druckseite 12 und andererseits an die Saugseite 13 einer Gebläseeinrichtung 14 angeschlossen. Auf der Saugseite ist der Gebläseeinrichtung ein Gaskühler 15 vorgeschaltet.In the floor, in the ceiling and in the cylinder wall of the treatment chamber 3, a large number of gas passage openings 11 are contained, which are either permeable to gases, but impermeable to heat rays or can be closed by flaps (not shown). Actuators such as lifting cylinders or the like are used to actuate the flaps. In each of rooms 6, 7, 9 and 10 two pipe connections open for the introduction or discharge of cooling gas. These pipe connections are connected via connecting lines and a control valve on the one hand to the pressure side 12 and on the other hand to the suction side 13 of a blower device 14. A gas cooler 15 is connected upstream of the blower device on the suction side.

Die Steuerventile für den Einlaß sind mit E und für den Auslaß des Kühlgases mit A bezeichnet, wobei durch die zusätzliche Ziffer die Zugehörigkeit zu dem jeweiligen Zwischenraum 6, 7, 9 oder 10 kenntlich gemacht ist. Bei den Steuerventilen handelt es sich um Zwei-Wege-Ventile, die elektromagnetisch oder in anderer Weise betätigt werden.The control valves for the inlet are designated E and for the outlet of the cooling gas with A, the affiliation to the respective space 6, 7, 9 or 10 being indicated by the additional digit. The control valves are two-way valves that are actuated electromagnetically or in some other way.

Bei einer in dieser Weise ausgebildeten Behandlungskammer 3 sind hinsichtlich der Führung des Kühlgases im Innern der Behandlungskammer 3 sechs unterschiedliche Betriebszustände einstellbar. Dargestellt sind diese Betriebszustände in Fig. 3, wobei in der am unteren Rand abgebildeten Tabelle für jeden Betriebszustand die Schaltstellungen der insgesamt acht Steuerventile angegeben sind. Hierbei bedeutet: I = Ventil geöffnet und 0 = Ventil geschlossen. Fig. 2 zeigt eine Ofenanlage mit würfelförmiger Behandlungskammer 3' im Innern eines zylindrischen Stahlgehäuses 1', welches mit waagerecht verlaufender Zylinderachse angeordnet ist. Der Deckel 2', mit dem die Beschickungsöffnung verschlossen wird, befindet sich hier an einer Stirnseite des Stahlgehäuses 1'.In a treatment chamber 3 designed in this way, six different operating states can be set with regard to the guidance of the cooling gas inside the treatment chamber 3. These operating states are shown in FIG. 3, the switching positions of the total of eight control valves being indicated for each operating state in the table shown at the bottom. Here: I = valve open and 0 = valve closed. Fig. 2 shows an oven system with a cubic treatment chamber 3 'inside a cylindrical steel housing 1', which is arranged with a horizontally extending cylinder axis. The cover 2 ', with which the loading opening is closed, is located here on an end face of the steel housing 1'.

In der Prinzipdarstellung der Fig. 2 ist das Stahlgehäuse 1' links im Querschnitt und rechts im Längsschnitt dargestellt. Die Behandlungskammer 3' in der Gestalt eines Würfels hat in den Diagonalen eine Länge, die etwa dem Innendurchmesser des zylindrischen Stahlgehäuses 1' entspricht. Im Zwischenraum zwischen Behandlungskammer 3' und Stahlgehäuse 1' sind in der Nähe der Enden - in Richtung der Zylinderachse - der Behandlungskammer 3' an jeder der vier Wandungen der Behandlungskammer 3' Trennwände 16, 17 in Form von Kreisabschnitten angeordnet. Durch diese Trennwände 16 und 17 sind insgesamt sechs abgeschlossene Räume gebildet, nämlich an den Stirnseiten je ein Raum 18. 19 und an den Längswandungen der Behandlungskammer 3' die Räume 20, 21, 22 und 23.2, the steel housing 1 'is shown on the left in cross section and on the right in longitudinal section. The treatment chamber 3 'in the form of a cube has a length in the diagonals which corresponds approximately to the inside diameter of the cylindrical steel housing 1'. In the space between the treatment chamber 3 'and the steel housing 1', near the ends - in the direction of the cylinder axis - of the treatment chamber 3 'on each of the four walls of the treatment chamber 3', partition walls 16, 17 are arranged in the form of circular sections. A total of six closed rooms are formed by these partition walls 16 and 17, namely a room 18 on the front sides and rooms 20, 21, 22 and 23 on the longitudinal walls of the treatment chamber 3 '.

Auch hier münden in jeden dieser Räume je zwei Rohranschlüsse für das Einleiten bzw. Ableiten von Kühlgas. Diese sind über Steuerventile und Verbindungsleitungen einerseits an die Druckseite 12 und andererseits an die Saugseite 13 einer Gebläseeinrichtung 14 mit einem Gaskühler 15 angeschlossen. In allen sechs Wandungen der Behandlungskammer 3' sind eine Vielzahl von Gasdurchtrittsöffnungen 11' enthalten, die entweder durchlässig für Gase, jedoch undurchlässig für Wärmestrahlen sind oder durch nicht dargestellte Verschlußelemente verschließbar sind.Here, too, two pipe connections lead into each of these rooms for the introduction or discharge of cooling gas. These are connected via control valves and connecting lines on the one hand to the pressure side 12 and on the other hand to the suction side 13 of a blower device 14 with a gas cooler 15. In all six walls of the treatment chamber 3 ', a plurality of gas passage openings 11' are contained, which are either permeable to gases but impermeable to heat rays or can be closed by closure elements, not shown.

Die einzelnen Steuerventile sind wie bei der Ofenanlage nach Fig. 1 mit den Buchstaben E und A unter Hinzufügung einer Ziffer, die mit der Bezugszahl des zugehörigen Raumes übereinstimmt, bezeichnet.The individual control valves are designated as in the furnace system according to FIG. 1 with the letters E and A with the addition of a number that corresponds to the reference number of the associated room.

Bei der hier vorgesehenen Behandlungskammer 3' in Form eines Würfels sind acht unterschiedliche Betriebszustände hinsichtlich der Führung des Kühlgases im Innern der Behandlungskammer 3' möglich. Dargestellt sind diese unterschiedlichen Betriebszustände in Fig. 4 in der gleichen Weise wie in Fig. 3 für die Ofenanlage nach Fig. 1. Bei den Betriebszuständen 5 bis 8 sind Gasströmungen einstellbar, die senkrecht zur Zeichenebene in entgegengesetzten Richtungen verlaufen. Dies ist durch Kreuze bzw. Punkte angedeutet. Die am unteren Rand befindliche Tabelle zeigt für alle acht Betriebszustände die Schaltstellungen der insgesamt zwölf Steuerventile.In the treatment chamber 3 'provided here in the form of a cube, eight different operating states are possible with regard to the guidance of the cooling gas in the interior of the treatment chamber 3'. These different operating states are shown in FIG. 4 in the same way as in FIG. 3 for the furnace system according to FIG. 1. In operating states 5 to 8, gas flows can be set which run in opposite directions perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. This is indicated by crosses or dots. The table at the bottom shows the switching positions of the twelve control valves for all eight operating states.

Die Änderung der Intensität der verschiedenen Strömungen des Kühlgases im Innern der Behandlungskammer 3 bzw. 3' kann auf einfache Weise durch eine Regelung der Fördermenge der Gebläseeinrichtung 14 bewirkt werden.The change in the intensity of the different flows of the cooling gas in the interior of the treatment chamber 3 or 3 ′ can be brought about in a simple manner by regulating the delivery rate of the blower device 14.

Claims (3)

1. An oven device for cooling a workload, especially of metallic workpieces, after a heat treatment within a closed treatment chamber by blowing with a cooling gas current which is adapted to be generated in the chamber in different directions by means of a blower device, the chamber haring the shape of a hollow cylinder, with the following features :
the chamber (3) is disposed with the cylinder axis upright concentrically in a closed cylindrical housing (1) with an intermediate space all round,
partitions (4, 5 and 8) are disposed in the annulus between the chamber (3) and the housing (1) at right angles to the walls of the chamber (3) and of the housing (I), on the one hand near the top and bottom ends of the chamber (3) and on the other hand in a axial plane between the bottom and top partitions (4, 5) so that a closed space (6, 7) is formed one above and one below the chamber (3) and two closed spaces (9,10) are formed around the chamber (3)
a plurality of gas passage aperatures (11) are formed in the walls of the chamber (3) and are either closable or permeable to gases but are impermeable to heat radiation,
two pipe connections for the introduction and discharge of cooling gas are provided in the housing wall in each case in the area of each of the four intermediate spaces (6, 7, 9 and 10),
at each intermediate space (6, 7, 9 and 10) a connection is made in each case via a connecting line and a control valve to the delivery side and the second connection is made via a connecting line and a control valve to the intake side of the blower device (14) for cooling gas and
a temperature controller system based on a comparison between the set-values of the preset temperature and the measured actual values serves to actuate the control valves and the closure elements of the gas passage apertures (11
2. An oven device for cooling a workload, especially of metallic workpieces after heat treatment within a closed treatment chamber by blowing with a cooling gas current adapted to the generated in the chamber in different directions by means of a blower device, the chamber having the shape of a hollow cube, with the following features :
the chamber (3') is disposed in a closed cylindrical housing (1') with a horizontal cylinder axis at a distance from the end walls of the housing (1'),
partitions (16, 17) which bridge the intermediate space are provided in the area of each of the four walls of the chamber (3') which extend in the direction of the cylinder axis of the housing (1') so that closed spaces (18, 19, 20, 21, 22 and 23) are formed between each chamber wall and the inner wall of the housing (1')
the walls of the chamber (3') are formed with a plurality of gas passage apertures (11') which are either closable or permeable to gases but impermeable to heat radiation,
two pipe connections for the introduction and discharge of cooling gas are provided in each case in the container wall in the area of each of the six intermediate spaces (18, 19, 20, 21, 22 and 23),
at each intermediate space (18, 19, 20, 21, 22 and 23) a connection is made in each case via a connecting line and a control valve to the delivery side and the second connection is made via a connecting line and a control valve to the intake side of the blower device (14) for cooling gas and
a temperature controller system based on comparison between the set-values of the preset temperature and measured actual values serves to actuate the control valves and the closure elements of the gas passage apertures (11').
3. An oven device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that an electrical storage device is provided which serves to store control signals of a first workload for a programmed control of repetition workloads.
EP84105678A 1983-06-22 1984-05-18 Oven device for cooling a workload, especially of metallic workpieces Expired EP0129701B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84105678T ATE31553T1 (en) 1983-06-22 1984-05-18 FURNACE PLANT FOR COOLING A BATCH, ESPECIALLY OF METALLIC WORKPIECES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833322386 DE3322386A1 (en) 1983-06-22 1983-06-22 METHOD FOR COOLING A BATCH AFTER A HEAT TREATMENT, AND OVEN SYSTEM FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD
DE3322386 1983-06-22

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EP0129701A1 EP0129701A1 (en) 1985-01-02
EP0129701B1 true EP0129701B1 (en) 1987-12-23

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EP84105678A Expired EP0129701B1 (en) 1983-06-22 1984-05-18 Oven device for cooling a workload, especially of metallic workpieces

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US (2) US4634103A (en)
EP (1) EP0129701B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE31553T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3322386A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3322386A1 (en) 1985-01-10
EP0129701A1 (en) 1985-01-02
US4634103A (en) 1987-01-06
ATE31553T1 (en) 1988-01-15
US4713124A (en) 1987-12-15
DE3322386C2 (en) 1991-02-14

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