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EP0117461B1 - Dispositif de contrôle en particulier pour une machine, une porte, ou dispositifs similaires - Google Patents

Dispositif de contrôle en particulier pour une machine, une porte, ou dispositifs similaires Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0117461B1
EP0117461B1 EP84101191A EP84101191A EP0117461B1 EP 0117461 B1 EP0117461 B1 EP 0117461B1 EP 84101191 A EP84101191 A EP 84101191A EP 84101191 A EP84101191 A EP 84101191A EP 0117461 B1 EP0117461 B1 EP 0117461B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
equipment
pump
accordance
emitter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84101191A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0117461A2 (fr
EP0117461A3 (en
Inventor
Günter Karrasch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraba GmbH
Original Assignee
Fraba GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraba GmbH filed Critical Fraba GmbH
Priority to AT84101191T priority Critical patent/ATE43925T1/de
Publication of EP0117461A2 publication Critical patent/EP0117461A2/fr
Publication of EP0117461A3 publication Critical patent/EP0117461A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0117461B1 publication Critical patent/EP0117461B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C3/00—Registering or indicating the condition or the working of machines or other apparatus, other than vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for monitoring a work machine, a door, or the like, consisting of the combination of pressure wave switches, between which a pressure transmitter is arranged, the connection of which to the pressure wave switches is made via lines, and with a monitoring relay which can be actuated by the pressure wave switches.
  • pneumatic elements represent another option for use in automatic controls. Such components are characterized by a long service life, insensitivity to electromagnetic interference, water and moisture and simple connections of pneumatic actuators. Pneumatic components work in such a way that an electrical signal is triggered by pressure changes (pressure increase or pressure drop). Depending on the version of the pressure sensor, a distinction is made between membrane switches, Bourdon tube switches and piston switches. Components of this type are used to avoid incorrect operation of work machines, crushing in automatic doors, or the like.
  • a generic device is known from CH-A-610 382.
  • a pressure transmitter is connected to two pressure wave switches, so that when a pressure is applied, the switches are actuated and a monitoring relay can be switched.
  • a suitable circuit ensures that the required functions can still be carried out for a certain time even if the system malfunctions.
  • the function of the system is not guaranteed if, for example, the lines from the pressure transmitter to the pressure wave switches are defective, so that no pressure can be built up in them, or if the event by which pressure is triggered is no longer removed from the line , so that the pressure within the line is constant again.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a generic device for monitoring a work machine, a door or the like in such a way that the system monitors itself.
  • a pump with the interposition of a check valve is connected to one of the pressure wave switches via a line, from which branches off between the pressure wave switch and the check valve, the line leading via the pressure transmitter to the other pressure wave switch.
  • the pressure transmitter and the pressure wave switch With the help of the pump building up the pressure in the lines to the pressure wave switches, the pressure transmitter and the pressure wave switch, it is possible to create a self-monitoring pneumatic arrangement, by means of which warning messages are issued if the device is not activated, the pressure transmitter is actuated, none There is a supply voltage, the hose lines or the pressure transmitter are malfunctioning (leaking or crushed), or components in the pressure wave combination itself are defective.
  • both an overpressure and a vacuum in the line, which is arranged between the pump and the pressure wave switches can be detected and reported so that the necessary circuits can be carried out.
  • a controlled permanent pressure is generated which is approximately constant in the entire pneumatic part.
  • the pump is arranged at the beginning of a pneumatic chain and the vacuum measurement takes place at the end of the chain. If the flow of air is prevented at any point in this chain, the pressure wave switch contact reports a negative pressure at the end of the chain. The previously energized relay drops out and passes the message on.
  • the signaling of the overpressure when the pressure transmitter is actuated also occurs at the beginning and end of the pneumatic chain and acts on the same relay.
  • the static and dynamic monitoring of the safety control according to the invention both of the pneumatic part and of the electrical system, takes place in the idle pressure or in the idle current principle.
  • a passage pressure transmitter (two-way pressure transmitter) with a length of at least 0.5 m can be connected as a pressure transmitter. It can further be provided that an air-tight resistor is arranged between the pump and the pressure wave switch.
  • pressure wave switches directly attached to the pressure transmitter can preferably be arranged.
  • the pressure wave switches are preferably designed with a changeover contact.
  • the pump pressure is in the range from 5 to 7 mbar. In order to maintain this working pressure, a pump interval of approximately 20 seconds can preferably be provided. It can also be provided that the monitoring relay drops out at a pressure below 3.5 mbar or at a pressure above 11.0 mbar.
  • the state of the system i. H. in particular the activity of the pump and the pressure information can be identified by displays, in particular LED displays can be used.
  • a time extension is provided for increasing the pump pressure after switching off, i. That is, the pump relay excitation remains for about 300 ms.
  • the tightness can be achieved for example by gluing the joints.
  • adjusting screws can be provided on the pressure wave switch for setting a predetermined leak.
  • FIG. 8 shows a basic circuit analogous to FIG. 7 with two monitoring relays.
  • FIG. 1 shows a basic circuit of a pressure wave combination with a first pressure wave switch 10, a second pressure wave switch 12, a pump 14 and a monitoring relay 16.
  • a supply voltage of 220 V AC is applied to the pump 14 via terminals 18, 20.
  • this supply voltage is converted to an excitation voltage of 27 V direct current, which is required to excite a pump relay 24 and to excite the monitoring relay 16.
  • LED displays 26, 28, 30 and 32 are provided to display the various operating states of the system.
  • the LED (Light Emitting Diode) 26 indicates whether the pump is in operation.
  • LED 28 lights up as soon as the pressure generated by the pump has reached the lower limit. This LED 28 shines yellow like the LED 26.
  • the green lit LED 30 indicates that the pressure in the system is within the predetermined limits.
  • a changeover contact 34 is provided in the pressure wave switch 10 and a changeover contact 36 is provided in the pressure wave switch 12.
  • the monitoring relay 16 is provided with a series resistor 38 and has changeover contacts 37 and 40.
  • the contact 40 is provided with connection contacts 41, 42, 44 and 46 and represents the useful contact for the machine to be monitored. This relay 16 is used to switch a connected machine on and off.
  • FIG. 2 shows a basic circuit of an embodiment of a pressure wave combination.
  • the pump 14 is connected to the first pressure wave switch 10 via a line 50.
  • An air-tight resistor 52 and a check valve 54 are provided in the line 50 in succession.
  • a line 56 branches off between the check valve 54 and the first pressure wave switch 10 and leads to the second pressure wave switch 12.
  • a pressure transmitter 58 is arranged in the line 56 between the pressure wave switch 10 and the pressure wave switch 12. This makes it possible to monitor the hose line leading to the pressure transmitter for crushing. Possible pinch points 60 and 62 are shown schematically in the hose line 56. If one side of the hose is pinched, the pressure is registered and reported at the pressure wave switch 12.
  • a negative pressure in the pressure transmitter for example when the pressure is interrupted by the pinch point 60, is reported by the pressure wave switch 12 located at the end of the pneumatic system.
  • the changeover contact 34 present in the pressure wave switch 10 controls the pump 14 and reports an overpressure in the system.
  • the changeover contact 36 present in the pressure wave switch 12 reports an overpressure and a vacuum. 2 shows the LEDs for displaying the current operating state of the system.
  • the yellow LED 26 indicates that the pump is in operation
  • the yellow LED 28 indicates that the pressure has built up
  • the green LED 30 indicates that the system is OK after it has been started
  • the red LED 32 indicates that there is a fault in the system.
  • the green LED 30 only lights up when the start button 80 is actuated, i. H. the yellow LED 28 or the red LED 32 goes out.
  • the device shown in FIG. 2 operates as follows:
  • the pump 14 integrated in the system generates a working pressure. This pressure is reduced by the air-tight resistor 52 and supplied to the pressure wave switch 10 via the check valve 54.
  • the pump 14 and thus the working pressure is controlled via a relay with a fixed switch-off delay.
  • the closing contact of the pressure wave switch 10 registers the overpressure on the left side as seen from the pressure transmitter 58.
  • the check valve 54 prevents the working pressure from being released via the pump 14.
  • the air flows into and out of this pressure transmitter 58 via the hose line 56 further supplied to the pressure wave switch 12.
  • this pressure wave switch 12 also has a changeover contact.
  • the opener registers a negative pressure and the closer registers the positive pressure as seen from the pressure transmitter 58 on the right-hand side at the end of the pneumatic line 56.
  • the negative pressure is preferably defined when the pressure in the pneumatic line is less than or equal to 3.5 mbar. There is an overpressure in the line if the pressure in the line is greater than or equal to 11 mbar. In both cases, the system indicates a malfunction.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of the preferred control-relevant pressure ranges. If a pressure wave combination is connected to a work machine, for example, the supply voltage is connected via terminals 18 and 20. The pump 14 then begins to pump, which is indicated by the yellow pump LED display. At the same time, the red LED display 32 lights up, which indicates a warning that the pressure is less than 3.5 mbar. After reaching 3.5 mbar, the yellow LED display 28 lights up, which indicates that the pressure is in the range between 3.5 and 11 mbar. If the combination is now started internally or externally by a push button, the red LED display 32 goes out and the green LED display 30 lights up, which indicates that the system is OK.
  • the opener of the pressure wave switch 10 interrupts the pump relay excitation.
  • the pump relay 24 remains energized for approximately 300 msec, however, so that the pressure in the system can increase to approximately 7.0 mbar during this time. A comparison 15 is provided for this. After these 300 msec, the relay 24 drops out and the pump 14 stops, which means that the pump LED display 26 goes out. If the pressure in the system drops to 5.0 mbar after some time, the pump 14 is switched on again. This pumping process is suitably repeated at intervals of approximately 20 seconds.
  • the relay 16 After pressing the start button, the relay 16 picks up and goes through its own contact 37 in self-holding (closed-circuit principle). This position is the actual monitoring position of the system. After a power failure or an overpressure or underpressure occurs, the relay 16 drops out and must be restarted. After relay 16 drops out, the green LED display 30 goes out and the red LED display 32 lights up.
  • Fig. 4 shows a basic circuit of the pump control.
  • the excitation voltage of the relay 24 of 27 V reaches the relay 24 from the opening contact 34 of the pressure wave switch 10 which is closed up to 5.0 mbar, via a diode 70 and a diode 72 and the yellow light-emitting diode 26 to the relay 24.
  • capacitors 74 and 76 are also charged .
  • the relay 24 picks up and lies on its own contact, the charged capacitor 76 to the coil.
  • the pump 14 is excited via a diode 78.
  • the pressure wave switch 10 which interrupts pressure at 5.0 mbar, extends the pump excitation by approx. 300 msec from the time capacitor until a pressure of approx. 7.0 mbar is built up.
  • the relay 24 drops out, the pump 14 stops and the yellow LED 26 goes out.
  • the pressure drop in the system again pulls the relay 24 at 5.0 mbar pressure and thereby the pump 14 into operation. This process is repeated at intervals of approximately 20 seconds.
  • Fig. 5 shows a Pnnzipschalt ⁇ ng the monitoring circuit.
  • the actual monitoring circuit consists of the pressure wave switch 10 with changer 34 and the pressure wave switch 12 with changer 36, the LED indicators 28, 30 and 32, which state the state of the combination, and the monitoring relay 16 with its series resistor 38.
  • the two pressure wave switches 10 and 12 are geometrically arranged so that they are arranged once in front of the pressure sensor 58 and once after the pressure sensor 58 to the hose lines 56 u. a. monitor for bruises or breaks.
  • the monitoring can only be started if the short circuit of the relay 16, which has been triggered by the pressure wave switch 12, is released. This is the case when the pressure in the system reaches 3.5 or 11.0 mbar.
  • the opener of the pressure wave switch 12 opens at 3.5 mbar and the yellow LED display 28 «Pressure lights up. After pressing a button 80, the relay 16- goes into latching via its own contact 37. The red LED display 32 goes out and the green LED display 30 lights up.
  • the drop conditions for relay 16 are as follows: at a pressure of less than or equal to 3.5 mbar, the pneumatic system is considered to be interrupted and at a pressure of overpressure. Danger avoidance is greater than or equal to 11.0 mbar. In the event of negative or positive pressure, the relay 16 is short-circuited and drops out.
  • This selected circuit makes it possible to significantly increase the sensitivity of the circuit by means of pressure wave switches mounted outside the control. For this purpose, it is sufficient to connect a pressure wave change contact 82 set to 3.5 mbar and 11.0 mbar directly to the pressure transmitter 58 and to connect it electrically to the combination.
  • the NO contacts and NC contacts of the pressure wave switch must be bridged and connected to terminals 84 and 86. As a result, negative or positive pressure is registered directly at the pressure transmitter and immediately processed electrically in the combination without possibly having to go through long connecting hoses.
  • the function of the external pressure wave switch 82 is identical to that of the pressure wave switch 12 in the combination.
  • FIG. 6 shows a circuit analogous to the basic circuit shown in FIG. 1, but in which, in addition to the monitoring relay 16, further monitoring relays 17, 17a in order to ensure operational reliability if the first relay 16 should fail. Since the output contacts of these relays are connected in series, the probability that all contacts fail at the same time is very low.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 show basic circuits of pressure wave combinations which are fed directly with alternating or direct current of 24 V and which have a monitoring relay 16 (FIG. 7) or two monitoring relays 16 and 17, 17a (FIG. 8) analogous to FIG. 1 or 6.
  • the device according to the invention or the system according to the invention it is possible to detect negative and positive pressure by means of only two pressure wave switches.
  • a time extension is used after switching off.
  • the sensitivity and speed of the system can be increased by using extra-long hose lines between the pressure sensor and the pressure wave switch by additional pressure wave switches directly attached to the pressure sensor.
  • the stated current, pressure and time values represent preferred values which guarantee a high degree of functional reliability. It is of course possible to move the device to other areas.
  • the pressure transmitter can be designed in the form of a mat or as an elastic edge on the edge of a door.
  • the monitoring of both the pneumatic and the electrical system is carried out in the above-described devices in the static pressure or in the closed-circuit principle.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Dispositif pour contrôler une machine-outil, une porte ou analogue, constitué par la combinaison d'interrupteurs à ondes de pression (10) et (12), entre lesquels est disposé un capteur de pression (58), dont la liaison aux interrupteurs à ondes de pression (10, 12) est réalisée par l'intermédiaire de canalisations (50, 56 ou 56), et d'un relais de contrôle (16) pouvant être actionné par les interrupteurs à ondes de pression (10, 12), caractérisé par le fait qu'une pompe (14) est reliée, moyennant le montage intercalé d'une soupape antiretour (54) et d'une canalisation (50), à l'un des interrupteurs à ondes de pression (10), à partir duquel s'étend, en dérivation, entre cet interrupteur à ondes de pression (10) et la soupape antiretour (54), la canalisation (56) aboutissant, par l'intermédiaire du capteur de pression (58), à l'autre interrupteur à ondes de pression (12).
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les canalisations (50, 56) sont des tuyaux.
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'une unité fixe (52) opposant une résistance au passage de l'air est disposée entre la pompe (14) et les interrupteurs à ondes de pression (10, 12).
4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le capteur de pression (58) est réalisé à la manière d'un capteur de pression à traversée (capteur de pression à deux voies) sous la forme d'une baguette de transmission de la pression, d'un profilé de protection de porte ou d'un mat de transmission de la pression.
5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cas de canalisations très longues en forme de tuyaux (56) entre le capteur de pression (58) et les interrupteurs à ondes de pression (10, 12), il est prévu des interrupteurs à ondes de pression (82) montés directement sur le capteur de pression (58).
6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les interrupteurs à ondes de pression (10, 12) comportent des contacts de commutation (34, 36).
7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la pression de la pompe est comprise entre 5,0 et 7,0 mbars, que l'intervalle d'actionnement de la pompe est égal à environ 20 secondes et que, dans le cas d'une pression inférieure à 3,5 mbars ou supérieure à 11,0 mbars, le relais de contrôle (16) retombe.
8. Dispositif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu des dispositifs d'affichage à diodes LED (26-32) servant à indiquer l'état de la pompe et les valeurs de la pression.
9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que, pour accroître la pression de la pompe, il est prévu, après le débranchement, une temporisation d'environ 300 ms.
10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le système est étanche et que les points de liaison du système sont collés ou vissés par l'intermédiaire de colliers pour tuyaux.
11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que des vis de réglage permettant de régler un défaut d'étanchéité sont prévues sur les interrupteurs à ondes de pression (10, 12).
EP84101191A 1983-02-28 1984-02-06 Dispositif de contrôle en particulier pour une machine, une porte, ou dispositifs similaires Expired EP0117461B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84101191T ATE43925T1 (de) 1983-02-28 1984-02-06 Vorrichtung insbesondere zur ueberwachung einer arbeitsmaschine, einer tuer, oder dergleichen.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3306965 1983-02-28
DE3306965 1983-02-28
DE3325680 1983-07-15
DE3325680A DE3325680A1 (de) 1983-02-28 1983-07-15 Vorrichtung insbesondere zur ueberwachung einer arbeitsmaschine, einer tuer, oder dergleichen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0117461A2 EP0117461A2 (fr) 1984-09-05
EP0117461A3 EP0117461A3 (en) 1985-08-21
EP0117461B1 true EP0117461B1 (fr) 1989-06-07

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ID=25808604

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84101191A Expired EP0117461B1 (fr) 1983-02-28 1984-02-06 Dispositif de contrôle en particulier pour une machine, une porte, ou dispositifs similaires

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0117461B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3325680A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH610382A5 (en) * 1976-04-09 1979-04-12 Bircher Ag Electropneumatic safety control device for an automatic door or gate operating system
CH637726A5 (en) * 1979-01-26 1983-08-15 Bircher Ag Electropneumatic safety control device for a system provided with a drive
DE3014192A1 (de) * 1980-04-14 1981-10-15 Ernst Tesch Gmbh & Co Kg, 5600 Wuppertal Signalisierungseinrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0117461A2 (fr) 1984-09-05
DE3478648D1 (en) 1989-07-20
DE3325680A1 (de) 1984-08-30
EP0117461A3 (en) 1985-08-21

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