EP0197371B1 - Fire detector arrangement with a suction system - Google Patents
Fire detector arrangement with a suction system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0197371B1 EP0197371B1 EP86103608A EP86103608A EP0197371B1 EP 0197371 B1 EP0197371 B1 EP 0197371B1 EP 86103608 A EP86103608 A EP 86103608A EP 86103608 A EP86103608 A EP 86103608A EP 0197371 B1 EP0197371 B1 EP 0197371B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flow
- speed
- value
- central station
- sensor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for early fire detection in a fire alarm system with an extraction system according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Suction systems are used for fire detection under special conditions, such as those found in warehouses or factories, high-bay warehouses or aircraft halls.
- the decisive factor for use is that the measuring points, i.e. the places where the fire detectors should be arranged, are inaccessible, confined to space or too high in very high rooms, so that normal point detectors cannot be used.
- a fire alarm system with an exhaust system generally consists of one or more exhaust pipes, which are connected in a star shape to a measuring chamber.
- a fan which sucks the air through the pipes via a smoke detector which is also arranged in the measuring chamber.
- the possibly smoky air enters the suction system through suitable suction openings in the suction pipes. If the smoke concentration is sufficiently high, the fire detector responds so that the associated control panel can give an alarm.
- the smoke detector needs a high sensitivity which is adapted to the respective configuration, because smoke that penetrates through one or more suction openings is to be detected, although this is diluted by the pure air flowing into the other openings. For this reason, an external, difficult setting of the smoke detector is required.
- reliable operation is only ensured if all openings for the air inlet are actually free. Even a slight increase in the flow resistance can cause the suction to be shifted to other pipes or openings, so that fires at the point in question are poorly or not recognized at all.
- a suction system with at least one pipe network for smoke detection is already known, in which a probe for measuring the flow rate of the extracted air is arranged in at least one suction pipe.
- the probe delivers an electrical signal depending on the flow rate, so that it can be recognized whether openings in the pipe network are blocked or whether the pipe network is open.
- a method for increasing the response sensitivity in a fire alarm system which has at least one detector and a control center with a data processing device, the detector querying its measured value from the control center and forming a detector idle value in the control center and is stored and wherein an alarm message is derived from the queried measured values if the queried measured value of the detector deviates from the detector idle value by a predeterminable amount.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method for early fire detection in a fire detection system with a known suction system, which avoids the disadvantages described above and does not require any special, highly sensitive and expensive fire detectors and no complex adjustment of the detectors.
- the method is based on a fire alarm system with an extraction system and with a control center which has a data processing device which regularly polls and processes the smoke detectors for their measured values, so that an alarm message can be derived therefrom.
- a respective idle value is formed and stored in the control center from the queried analog detector measurement values.
- An alarm message is derived from the queried measured values by comparison with the stored idle value when the queried measured value of the smoke detector in question increases the corresponding idle value by a predetermined amount, i.e. the adjustable alarm threshold, falls below or exceeds.
- a sensor is arranged in each exhaust pipe of the fire alarm system, which measures the flow rate.
- these analog measured values for the flow velocity are also regularly queried from the control center.
- a flow rate mean value is formed and stored in the control center for each flow rate sensor. The measured flow velocity measured values are compared with the corresponding mean value; If the queried measured value deviates by a predetermined amount, a fault message is issued.
- the amount of the alarm threshold is changed as a function of the determined flow velocity measured values.
- the amount of the alarm threshold is advantageously set as a function of the measured flow velocity measured values. For example, increasing the flow rate reduces the amount of the alarm threshold.
- the setting and the adjustment can advantageously be formed from the start-up of the fire alarm system or also at predeterminable time intervals from several successive measured values of the smoke detector idle values and the respective mean flow velocity values.
- the calibration or the individual setting of the measuring chamber takes place automatically when the device is switched on, i.e. during the commissioning of the fire alarm system, and can also be repeated at predetermined intervals, so that even a change in the idle value of the smoke detectors has no disruptive influence.
- Another advantage is that changes in the smoke detector behavior can be taken into account when the rest value is formed.
- the components and the method of the known pulse alarm system can be used in an advantageous manner, so that component aging or slow contamination of an individual detector is also taken into account by the rest value of the smoke detector and accordingly also the mean value of the each sensor for the flow velocity measurement can be tracked.
- the individual display of the smoke detector it is also possible to display the relevant exhaust pipe in the event of a fault.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
- Fire Alarms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Brandfrüherkennung in einer Brandmeldeanlage mit einem Absaugsystem gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for early fire detection in a fire alarm system with an extraction system according to the preamble of claim 1.
Zur Branderkennung unter speziellen Bedingungen, wie sie beispielsweise in Lager- oder Fabrikhallen, Hochregallagern oder Flugzeughallen, gegeben sind, werden Absaugsysteme verwendet. Maßgebend für den Einsatz ist in der Regel, daß die Meßstellen, also die Orte, wo die Brandmelder anzuordnen wären, unzugänglich, räumilch beengt oder in sehr hohen Räumen zu hoch angeordnet sind, so daß normale Punktmelder nicht verwendet werden können.Suction systems are used for fire detection under special conditions, such as those found in warehouses or factories, high-bay warehouses or aircraft halls. As a rule, the decisive factor for use is that the measuring points, i.e. the places where the fire detectors should be arranged, are inaccessible, confined to space or too high in very high rooms, so that normal point detectors cannot be used.
Eine Brandmeldeanlage mit einem Absaugsystem besteht im allgemeinen aus einem oder mehreren Absaugrohren, die sternförmig an eine Meßkammer angeschlossen sind. In der Meßkammer befindet sich ein Ventilator, der die Luft durch die Rohre über einen ebenfalls in der Meßkammer angeordneten Rauchmelder saugt. Die gegebenenfalls rauchhaltige Luft tritt über geeignete Ansaugöffnungen in den Ansaugrohren in das Absaugsystem ein. Bei hinreichend großer Rauchkonzentration spricht der Brandmelder an, so daß die dazugehörige Zentrale einen Alarm geben kann.A fire alarm system with an exhaust system generally consists of one or more exhaust pipes, which are connected in a star shape to a measuring chamber. In the measuring chamber there is a fan which sucks the air through the pipes via a smoke detector which is also arranged in the measuring chamber. The possibly smoky air enters the suction system through suitable suction openings in the suction pipes. If the smoke concentration is sufficiently high, the fire detector responds so that the associated control panel can give an alarm.
Bei den bisher bekannten Brandmeldeanlagen mit einem Absaugsystem ergeben sich in nachteiliger Weise einige Schwierigkeiten. Der Rauchmelder benötigt eine der jeweiligen Konfiguration angepaßte hohe Ansprechempfindlichkeit, weil bereits Rauch, der durch ein oder mehrere Ansaugöffnungen eindringt, erkannt werden soll, obgleich dieser durch die in die anderen Öffnungen strömende reine Luft verdünnt wird. Daher ist eine äußere diffizile Einstellung des Rauchmelders erforderlich. Eine zuverlässige Funktion ist aber nur dann sichergestellt, wenn tatsächlich alle Öffnungen für den Lufteintritt frei sind. Bereits eine geringfügige Erhöhung des Strömungswiderstandes kann eine Verlagerung des Ansaugens auf andere Rohre oder Offnungen bewirken, so daß Brände an der betreffenden Stelle schlecht oder gar nicht erkannt werden.In the previously known fire alarm systems with an exhaust system, there are some difficulties. The smoke detector needs a high sensitivity which is adapted to the respective configuration, because smoke that penetrates through one or more suction openings is to be detected, although this is diluted by the pure air flowing into the other openings. For this reason, an external, difficult setting of the smoke detector is required. However, reliable operation is only ensured if all openings for the air inlet are actually free. Even a slight increase in the flow resistance can cause the suction to be shifted to other pipes or openings, so that fires at the point in question are poorly or not recognized at all.
Aus der FR-A 2 518 287 ist bereits ein Absaugsystem mit zumindest einem Rohrnetz zur Rauchentdeckung bekannt, in dem in zumindest einem Absaugrohr eine Sonde zum Messen der Durchflußmenge der abgesaugten Luft angeordnet ist. Die Sonde liefert ein elektrisches Signal in Abhängigkeit von der Durchflußmenge, so daß erkannt werden kann, ob Öffnungen im Rohrnetz verstopft sind oder ob das Rohrnetz offen ist.From FR-A 2 518 287 a suction system with at least one pipe network for smoke detection is already known, in which a probe for measuring the flow rate of the extracted air is arranged in at least one suction pipe. The probe delivers an electrical signal depending on the flow rate, so that it can be recognized whether openings in the pipe network are blocked or whether the pipe network is open.
In derartigen Brandmeldeanlagen werden daher zur Detektion im Absaugsystem in der Regel spezielle, hochempfindliche Rauchmelder eingesetzt, die vor Ort in ihrer Empfindlichkeit einreguliert werden müssen. Diese Melder sind naturgemäß relativ teurer und bedingen einen hohen Justageaufwand. Zur Überwachung des Lufteintritts wird im allgemeinen der Unterdruck in der Meßkammer bestimmt. Auch hierfür ist eine hohe Meßgenauigkeit erforderlich, um einerseits einzelne verstopfte Ansaugöffnungen erkennen zu können und andererseits unnötige Fehlmeldungen der Überwachungsschaltung zu vermeiden. Die daher notwendige individuelle Einstellung vor Ort führt zu hohen Kosten.In fire detection systems of this type, special, highly sensitive smoke detectors are therefore generally used for detection in the extraction system, and their sensitivity must be adjusted on site. Naturally, these detectors are relatively more expensive and require a lot of adjustment. The vacuum in the measuring chamber is generally determined to monitor the air inlet. This also requires a high level of measurement accuracy, on the one hand to be able to recognize individual clogged suction openings and, on the other hand, to avoid unnecessary error messages from the monitoring circuit. The necessary individual setting on site leads to high costs.
Aus der EP-A 0 070 449 ist ein Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Ansprechempfindlichkeit in einer Brandmeldeanlage bekannt, die zumindest einen Melder und eine Zentrale mit einer Datenverarbeitungseinrichtung aufweist, wobei der Melder von der Zentrale aus auf seinen Meßwert abgefragt und in der Zentrale ein Melderruhewert gebildet und gespeichert wird und wobei aus den abgefragten Meßwerten eine Alarmmeldung abgeleitet wird, wenn der abgefragte Meßwert des Melders vom Melderruhewert um einen vorgebbaren Betrag abweicht.From EP-A 0 070 449 a method for increasing the response sensitivity in a fire alarm system is known which has at least one detector and a control center with a data processing device, the detector querying its measured value from the control center and forming a detector idle value in the control center and is stored and wherein an alarm message is derived from the queried measured values if the queried measured value of the detector deviates from the detector idle value by a predeterminable amount.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zur Brandfrüherkennung in einer Brandmeldeanlage mit einem bekannten Absaugsystem anzugeben, welches die oben geschilderten Nachteile vermeidet und keine speziellen, hochempfindlichen und teueren Brandmelder sowie kein aufwendiges Einstellen der Melder erfordert.The object of the invention is to provide a method for early fire detection in a fire detection system with a known suction system, which avoids the disadvantages described above and does not require any special, highly sensitive and expensive fire detectors and no complex adjustment of the detectors.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß bei einem eingangs beschriebenen Verfahren mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention in a method described at the outset with the characterizing features of patent claim 1.
Dem Verfahren ist eine Brandmeldeanlage mit einem Absaugsystem und mit einer Zentrale, die eine Datenverarbeitungseinrichtung aufweist, zugrunde gelegt, die die Rauchmelder regelmäßig auf ihre Meßwerte abfragt und verarbeitet, so daß daraus eine Alarmmeldung abgeleitet werden kann. In der Zentrale wird aus den abgefragten analogen Meldermeßwerten ein jeweiliger Ruhewert gebildet und gespeichert. Aus den abgefragten Meßwerten wird durch Vergleich mit dem gespeicherten Ruhewert eine Alarmmeldung abgeleitet, wenn der abgefragte Meßwert des betreffenden Rauchmelders den entsprechenden Rauchmelder-Ruhewert um einen vorgegebenen Betrag, d.h. die einstellbare Alarmschwelle, unter- bzw. überschreitet.The method is based on a fire alarm system with an extraction system and with a control center which has a data processing device which regularly polls and processes the smoke detectors for their measured values, so that an alarm message can be derived therefrom. A respective idle value is formed and stored in the control center from the queried analog detector measurement values. An alarm message is derived from the queried measured values by comparison with the stored idle value when the queried measured value of the smoke detector in question increases the corresponding idle value by a predetermined amount, i.e. the adjustable alarm threshold, falls below or exceeds.
Ferner ist in jedem Absaugrohr der Brandmeldeanlage ein Sensor angeordnet, der die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit mißt. Diese analogen Meßwerte für die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit werden erfindungsgemäß ebenfalls regelmäßig von der Zentrale aus abgefragt. In der Zentrale wird für jeden Strömungsgeschwindigkeits-Sensor ein Strömungsgeschwindigkeits-Mittelwert gebildet und gespeichert. Die abgefragten Strömungsgeschwindigkeits-Meßwerte werden mit dem entsprechenden Mittelwert verglichen; weicht der abgefragte Meßwert um einen vorgegebenen Betrag ab, so wird eine Störungsmeldung abgegeben. Des weiteren wird mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren der Betrag der Alarmschwelle in Abhängigkeit von den ermittelten Strömungsgeschwindigkeits-Meßwerten verändert.Furthermore, a sensor is arranged in each exhaust pipe of the fire alarm system, which measures the flow rate. According to the invention, these analog measured values for the flow velocity are also regularly queried from the control center. A flow rate mean value is formed and stored in the control center for each flow rate sensor. The measured flow velocity measured values are compared with the corresponding mean value; If the queried measured value deviates by a predetermined amount, a fault message is issued. Furthermore, with the method according to the invention, the amount of the alarm threshold is changed as a function of the determined flow velocity measured values.
Mit der Erfassung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit in den einzelnen Absaugrohren und durch die Auswertung der analogen Meßwerte sowohl des Rauchmelders als auch der Geschwindigkeits-Sensoren in der Zentrale sind keine individuellen Einstellungen, die diffizil und kostenintensiv sind, weder des Rauchmelders noch der Strömungssensoren in der Meßkammer vor Ort erforderlich. Damit entfallen sämtliche Einstellmittel und sämtliche Einstellarbeiten vor Ort. Die Einstellung und der Abgleich erfolgt mit Hilfe der Datenverarbeitungseinrichtung in der Zentrale. Dabei wird der Betrag der Alarmschwelle in vorteilhafter Weise in Abhängigkeit von den ermittelten Strömungsgeschwindigkeits-Meßwerten eingestellt. Zum Beispiel verringert eine Vergrößerung der Strömungsgeschwindingkeit den Betrag der Alarmschwelle. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß ohne manuelle Einstellung ein Absaugsystem mit vielen Ansaugöffnungen, also hoher Strömungsgeschwindigkeit, ebenso empfindlich auf Rauch an einer Öffnung reagiert, wie Absaugsysteme mit weniger Ansaugöffnungen, also niedrigerer Strömungsgeschwindigkeit.With the detection of the flow speed in the individual suction pipes and the evaluation of the analog measured values of both the smoke detector and the speed sensors in the control center, there are no individual settings that are difficult and cost-intensive, neither the smoke detector nor the flow sensor ren required in the measuring chamber on site. This eliminates all setting means and all setting work on site. The setting and the adjustment takes place with the help of the data processing device in the central office. The amount of the alarm threshold is advantageously set as a function of the measured flow velocity measured values. For example, increasing the flow rate reduces the amount of the alarm threshold. This has the advantage that, without manual adjustment, a suction system with many suction openings, that is to say a high flow rate, is just as sensitive to smoke at an opening as suction systems with fewer suction openings, that is to say a lower flow rate.
Die Einstellung und der Abgleich kann in vorteilhafter Weise mit der Inbetriebnahme der Brandmeldeanlage oder auch in vorgebbaren Zeitabständen aus mehreren aufeinanderfolgenden Meßwerten der Rauchmelder-Ruhewerte und der jeweiligen Strömungsgeschwindigkeits-Mittelwerte gebildet werden. Es erfolgt also automatisch das Abgleichen bzw. das individuelle Einstellen der Meßkammer mit dem Einschalten, also während der Inbetriebnahme der Brandmeldeanlage, und kann auch in vorgegebenen Abständen wiederholt werden, so daß auch eine Veränderung des Ruhewerts der Rauchmelder keinen störenden Einfluß hat.The setting and the adjustment can advantageously be formed from the start-up of the fire alarm system or also at predeterminable time intervals from several successive measured values of the smoke detector idle values and the respective mean flow velocity values. The calibration or the individual setting of the measuring chamber takes place automatically when the device is switched on, i.e. during the commissioning of the fire alarm system, and can also be repeated at predetermined intervals, so that even a change in the idle value of the smoke detectors has no disruptive influence.
Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, wie oben schon erwähnt, daß mit der Neubildung des Ruhewerts Veränderungen im Rauchmelderverhalten berücksichtigt werden können. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Brandmeldeanlage mit Absaugsystem können in vorteilhafter Weise die Komponenten und das Verfahren des bekannten Puls-Melde-Systems verwendet werden, so daß auch eine Bauteilealterung oder langsame Verschmutzung eines einzelnen Melders berücksichtigt wird, indem der Ruhewert des Rauchmelders und entsprechend auch der Mittelwert des jeweiligen Sensors für die Strömungsgeschwindigkeitsmessung nachgeführt werden kann. Dabei ist es neben der individuellen Anzeige des Rauchmelders möglich, im Störungsfall auch das betreffende Absaugrohr anzuzeigen.Another advantage, as already mentioned above, is that changes in the smoke detector behavior can be taken into account when the rest value is formed. In the fire alarm system according to the invention with an extraction system, the components and the method of the known pulse alarm system can be used in an advantageous manner, so that component aging or slow contamination of an individual detector is also taken into account by the rest value of the smoke detector and accordingly also the mean value of the each sensor for the flow velocity measurement can be tracked. In addition to the individual display of the smoke detector, it is also possible to display the relevant exhaust pipe in the event of a fault.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT86103608T ATE49484T1 (en) | 1985-03-20 | 1986-03-18 | FIRE DETECTION SYSTEM WITH AN EXHAUST SYSTEM. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3510100 | 1985-03-20 | ||
| DE3510100 | 1985-03-20 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0197371A1 EP0197371A1 (en) | 1986-10-15 |
| EP0197371B1 true EP0197371B1 (en) | 1990-01-10 |
Family
ID=6265823
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP86103608A Expired - Lifetime EP0197371B1 (en) | 1985-03-20 | 1986-03-18 | Fire detector arrangement with a suction system |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0197371B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE49484T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3668247D1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11609144B2 (en) | 2020-05-08 | 2023-03-21 | Carrier Corporation | Detection of leakage in an aspirating fire detection system |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4428694C2 (en) | 1994-08-12 | 1996-06-20 | Wagner Alarm Sicherung | Air pressure compensated fire detection device and method |
| DE10231230B4 (en) * | 2002-05-13 | 2004-07-22 | F & B GmbH Feuerschutz & Brandbekämpfung | Water spray system for localizing the location of the fire |
| AU2003902318A0 (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2003-05-29 | Vision Fire And Security Pty Ltd | Improved Sensing Apparatus And Method |
| EP1665189B1 (en) * | 2003-09-24 | 2011-02-09 | Xtralis Technologies Ltd | Method and apparatus for determining operational condition of pollution monitoring equipment |
| DE102004044094A1 (en) * | 2004-09-09 | 2006-03-30 | Hekatron Vertriebs Gmbh | Intake fire detector and method of operation |
| US7504962B2 (en) | 2005-11-22 | 2009-03-17 | Joseph Stephen Smith | Apparatus for enclosing a smoke detector |
| US20100194575A1 (en) * | 2009-01-30 | 2010-08-05 | Carlos Pedrejon Rodriguez | Dual channel aspirated detector |
| CN118397781B (en) * | 2024-04-23 | 2024-10-18 | 深圳市宇波智能股份有限公司 | Intelligent building is security protection alarm device for fire control |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1232841A (en) * | 1968-05-09 | 1971-05-19 | ||
| US4254414A (en) * | 1979-03-22 | 1981-03-03 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Processor-aided fire detector |
| DE3127324A1 (en) * | 1981-07-10 | 1983-01-27 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR INCREASING THE SENSITIVITY AND EMERGENCY SAFETY IN A DANGER, IN PARTICULAR FIRE DETECTING SYSTEM |
| FR2518287A1 (en) * | 1981-12-10 | 1983-06-17 | Cerberus Guinard | Electrical conductor free smoke detector pipe networks - includes air flow sensor to indicate blockage of any air sampling holes in network using wheatstone bridge and heating resistors |
-
1986
- 1986-03-18 AT AT86103608T patent/ATE49484T1/en active
- 1986-03-18 EP EP86103608A patent/EP0197371B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-03-18 DE DE8686103608T patent/DE3668247D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11609144B2 (en) | 2020-05-08 | 2023-03-21 | Carrier Corporation | Detection of leakage in an aspirating fire detection system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3668247D1 (en) | 1990-02-15 |
| ATE49484T1 (en) | 1990-01-15 |
| EP0197371A1 (en) | 1986-10-15 |
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