EP0031055B1 - Door-fitting for parallel guiding of a door - Google Patents

Abstract

The arrangement for mounting a door pivotable about a vertical axis and guided for parallel displacement relative to a housing has a guiding element arranged to guide a door for parallel displacement, and a supporting element arranged to support the door on the housing and pivotably connected with the latter. The supporting element is composed of two separate shaped members which are mirror-inverted relative to one another and each having a horizontally extending leg and a vertically extending leg. The vertically extending legs have adjustable length and, upon adjustment of relative position of the horizontal legs, are fixedly connected with one another for joint rotation.

Description

The invention relates to a fitting for doors with a parallel guide of the door pivotally mounted on a vertical axis, consisting of an upper and lower support arm, which are fixedly connected to the axis and form a frame-shaped, rigid linkage, and a parallel guide arm which has offset articulation points .

With these fittings, the door is always guided parallel to itself during its opening and closing movement, which is why wide doors also require a relatively small free space for their movement. The entire door opening is released in the open position.

There is a fitting according to the preamble of claim 1 for vehicle doors known (DE-U No. 1804634), in which the rigid linkage consists of a one-piece U-shaped bracket, on the bracket ends protruding bearing journals received in fixed bearings of the vehicle. The entire linkage is arranged in a vertical plane. The vertical axis is formed by the continuous web of the U-bracket and received in an edge-side housing of the door.

This fitting must be made to fit any given height of a door. Even if you only restrict yourself to standardized door sizes, an extensive range of different fitting lengths is required, which leads to confusing storage. It is difficult to achieve a good installation of the door on all sides in the closed state with such rigid linkages in the fitting. The inevitable bearing play, the long support arms and mounting inaccuracies mean that the door gapes in places in the closed position. For vehicle doors of moderate width, small door gaps can still be covered by elastic sealing strips on the door circumference, but this cannot be applied to cabinet doors. In the case of tall and wide cabinet doors, as are required for cabinet walls, there are gaps in the closed position of the door that would no longer be covered by sealing strips. The known fittings require high precision in manufacture and assembly, which is unacceptable for a mass-produced cabinet.

The invention seeks to remedy this. The invention, as characterized in the claims, solves the problem of developing a simple, cost-saving fitting which, even after a long period of use, produces an all-round system of the door in the closed position.

In the invention, there are two cranks that can be adjusted with respect to one another in terms of their length and their rotational position, the two legs of which are spatially spaced from one another. Each of the two cranks has a horizontal and a vertical leg, the crankings of the two cranks being mirror images of each other. After the rotationally fixed coupling of the two vertical legs has been set, the horizontal legs are able to exert a torque on the door they are carrying, with which a targeted pressure of the door can be achieved at a point which would otherwise gap. For this setting, it is only necessary to release the coupling between the two vertical legs when the door is fully closed, to briefly press the gaping door position against the cabinet and to connect the vertical legs in a rotationally fixed manner in this pressing position. This provides a simple, easy-to-install adjustment option for the fitting, which can also be carried out by inexperienced people. Readjustments of the fitting are also easily possible in this way if the wood of the cupboard or door should warp.

In principle, a uniform set of cranks can be used for a wide range of doors of different heights. The desired length adjustment can be obtained by cutting off the unnecessary end pieces of the two vertical legs. When excess end pieces are cut off, there is no need to be too pedantic if one uses a sleeve encompassing the vertical legs at the ends to couple the cranks, which are directed against one another with their ends in a butt joint.

The connection of the fitting to the door can be carried out particularly easily if fastening clips are attached to the rear of the door, which grip around the two vertical legs of the two cranks to form the pivot bearing. This means that the door can be pivoted about the longitudinal axis. This bracket can be used advantageously to carry the door if you use a radial shoulder on one of the two vertical legs on which the door is supported. In the simplest case, such a radial shoulder uses an adjusting ring which can be fixed on the vertical leg and which engages under one of the holding clips on the door. At the same time, well-defined spacing heights for vertical adjustment of the door are obtained if, on the one hand, a stop on the door side and a projection provided on the vertical leg, e.g. a cross pin, on the other hand, a variable-distance link, namely an annular body with different receptacles for the cross pin, provides.

An undesired sagging of the door is further reduced if the cabinet-side pivot bearing is surrounded by a raceway parallel to the turning circle of the cranks, on which a link located on the horizontal leg of the crank is guided. For this purpose, the raceway can be arranged on a bearing plate which can also be used as a screw-on base of the pivot bearing and which has a receptacle for a bearing journal at the crank end on the cabinet side in the center of the circle. This track can also be used to lock preferred door positions, such as the full open and closed position of the door when the link is resilient resiliently trained and provided the career with a corresponding leadership profile. As a link, it is advisable to provide a roller on a telescopic guide parallel to the axis of rotation, which sits on the horizontal leg of the crank and which is moved along a track formed by a web of different heights.

• Fig. 1 und 2 eine Querschnittansicht durch einen mit dem erfindungsgemässen Beschlag versehenen Schrank mit in Schliesslage bzw. voller Offenlage befindlichen Tür,
• Fig. 3 eine Rückansicht der voll aufgeschwenkten Tür mit im Endbereich geschnittenen Beschlag,
• Fig. 4 in schaubildlicher Darstellung den aus zwei Z- Kurbeln zusammengesetzten türtragenden Beschlagteil,
• Fig. 5 in stark perspektivischer Darstellung einen mit dem erfindungsgemässen Beschlag versehenen Schrank bei teilweise geöffneter Tür,
• Fig. 6a bis 6c eine zur Anbringung der Tür am Beschlag dienliche Halterung,
• Fig. 7, 8a und 8b diverse am Beschlag vorgesehene Schellen zur Türanbringung und Kupplung,
• Fig. 9 und 10 einen Axialschnitt bzw. eine Draufsicht des schrankseitigen Drehlagers,
• Fig. 11 die Seitenansicht eines zur Höheneinstellung der Tür am Beschlag dienenden Kronenrings, und
• Fig. 12 ein Detail einer im Drehlagerbereich befindlichen Positionssteuerung.

In the following, the invention is partially illustrated in several exemplary embodiments. Show it:

• 1 and 2 is a cross-sectional view through a cabinet provided with the fitting according to the invention with the door in the closed position or fully open position,
• 3 shows a rear view of the fully opened door with the fitting cut in the end area,
• 4 shows a diagrammatic representation of the door supporting fitting part composed of two Z-cranks,
• 5 is a perspective view of a cabinet provided with the fitting according to the invention with the door partially open,
• 6a to 6c a bracket useful for attaching the door to the fitting,
• 7, 8a and 8b various clamps provided on the fitting for door attachment and coupling,
• 9 and 10 an axial section and a plan view of the cabinet-side pivot bearing,
• 11 is a side view of a crown ring serving to adjust the height of the door on the fitting, and
• Fig. 12 shows a detail of a position control located in the pivot bearing area.

As can best be seen from FIG. 5, the fitting according to the invention consists of a pair of parallel guides of the door 20 relative to the handlebars 11, 12 which provide the cabinet body 21 and which, as can be seen better from the distortion-free top view in FIG. 1, have a correspondingly effective one Length but have laterally offset articulation points. As a result, the door 20 is in a parallel position to its full closed position 20 'in FIG. 1 or full open position 20 "of FIG. 2 in each phase of its opening movement. One handlebar serves as a support arm 11 for holding the door, while the other Handlebar as the guide arm 12 controls the parallel position of the door 20 mentioned, whereby the door rotates in a defined manner about a pivot axis 22 located in the door center zone as shown in Fig. 1. The pivot axis is determined by the pivot point on the door side of two support arms 11. A single guide arm is sufficient 12, which, according to FIG. 1, has a different offset than the support arms 11.

The two support arms 11 are each sections of two rigid tubular profile pieces, which are cranked in mirror image to one another, which is advantageous in terms of manufacture, adaptation of assembly. Each of these profile pieces forms a one-piece Z-crank 10 or 10 ', which has a spatial Z-leg profile. Because of their mirror-inverted shape, it is sufficient to describe only the Z-crank 10 arranged in the upper door region using the diagram of FIG.

The crank 10 comprises a short end leg 13, which is adjoined by a Z central web 14. Although it is not functionally necessary, these crank sections lie essentially in a horizontal plane and form the angled support arm 11, which fulfills the function of a handlebar in the fitting. The horizontal leg 13 carries a journal sleeve 16, which is used to support the entire bracket 1 0, 1 0 'and which, as shown in FIG. 9, can be welded to the tubular profile. The crank 10 also has a vertically running Z-leg 15, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the door and meets the vertical leg 15 'of the lower Z-crank 10' running in mirror image. In the case of assembly, as can be seen from FIGS. 4 and 8, the ends 17, 17 'of the two vertical legs 15, 15' lie against each other as far as possible in the butt joint, so that the flow of force is well transmitted under loads. A connecting clamp 18 is placed around the end sections of the vertical legs 15, 15 ', which ensures a rotationally fixed coupling of the two cranks 10, 10'. In the present case, this connection consists of a C-clamp which can be fixed by screws and which expediently has a viewing window 19 in its clamp wall for observing the butt joint of the ends 17, 17 '. In order to achieve an all-round pressure of the door at the opening 35 of the cabinet 20 in the closed position 20 'according to FIG can, in order to always ensure the all-round installation of the door.

The non-rotatably joined vertical legs 15, 15 'form a vertical shaft on which the door 20, as can best be seen from FIG. 3, is articulated by means of brackets 23 which simply encompass the round profile of the vertical legs 15, 15'. Although a Q-clamp can be used for this purpose, the ends of which can easily be screwed onto the rear of the door leaf, the two-part brackets 23 shown in more detail in FIGS. 6a to 6c are used in the present case. The holder 23 comprises a lower shell 24, which is screwed at 25 to the back of the door leaf. To fix the position, a bottom-side pin 27 can be countersunk in the door leaf 20. After inserting the tubular profile 15, a complementarily profiled cover shell 26 is put on and screwed tightly to the lower shell 24 at 28. The cut lines for the sectional views of FIGS. 6a and 6b are drawn in as dash-dot lines Vla and Vlb in the top view of FIG. 6c. A rotatable play arises between the fully assembled holder 23 and the tubular profile 15, as a result of which the tubular axis 22 indicated in FIGS. 1, 6a and 6c becomes the relevant pivot axis for the door 20.

The coupled vertical legs 15, 15 'also serve to suspend the Door 20, for which a clamping ring 29, which can be fixed by a pressure screw in the desired height position of the vertical leg 15, 15 ', is used, which is shown in FIG. 7 and whose position of use results from FIGS. 3 and 4. The uppermost bracket 23 of the door 20 is supported on the upper end of the fixed clamping ring 29, as can be seen in FIG. 3, and takes up the weight of the door 20. For exact height adjustment of the door 20, it is sufficient to loosen the pressure screw of the clamping ring 29 slightly and to fix it again after appropriate adjustment, which is carried out continuously. Although unnecessary, such a support could be provided on several or all of the brackets 23 for the purpose of uniform load distribution.

Instead of a clamping ring 29, any support shoulders on the vertical legs 15, 15 'could be used to support the door, e.g. Radial cam or the 30 in FIG. 11 apparent, fixed in the tube profile clamping pin in this case a height adjustment possible by visible in FIG. ¹ 1 crown ring 31, a washer with one of said brackets cooperates such as 23 of the door and its upper smooth End face 32 has as a support bearing. In this respect, the same effect as with the aforementioned clamping ring 29 is present. The lower end face of the crown ring 31 is, however, provided along its entire circumference with a continuous group of edge cut-outs 33 which establish a crown-like appearance of the ring 31. The group of these outbreaks 33 lies on a spiral line indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 11, which may have a small slope. As a result, the height gradation of adjacent edge cutouts 33, in which the dowel pin 30 can optionally engage by turning the crown ring 31, is small and can be of the order of a millimeter. The door height can be adjusted by simply lifting and turning the crown ring, which can be done by any layperson without tools.

The pivot bearing for the support arms 11 of the two Z-cranks 10, 10 'is, as shown in FIG. 2, set back relative to the front opening plane 35 of the cabinet, which applies in a corresponding manner to the articulation point 36 of the guide arm 12 which is laterally displaced. The free end of the guide arm 12 is rotatably connected to the door 20 in the edge region of the rear by a bearing block 37 having flanges. After the articulation axis has been released from the bearing block 37 and a snap connection at the articulation point 36 on the cabinet side, the guide arm 12 can be easily dismantled without endangering its safety in use.

9 and 10 the more precise appearance of the bearings 40 of the Z-cranks 10, 10 'can be seen. The bearing 40, as can already be seen in FIGS. 1, 2 and 5, comprises a bearing plate 41 which is screwed to the bottom wall 38 or the top wall 38 'of the cabinet 21 and has through holes for the fastening screws 42 and is profiled in a special way. The bearing plate 41 has a semicircular outline with a flange 43 on one side, which comes to bear on a side wall 39 of the cabinet body 21, where it is screwed down by further fastening screws 42. The bearing plate 41 could also serve as an assembly part for connecting the bottom and side walls 38, 39. The bearing plate 41 has a raised web 44 along its circumference, the upper side of which forms a raceway 45 for a roller 46 guided thereon. In the journal sleeve 16 already mentioned above at the end of the horizontal Z-leg 13 there is in each case an axle bolt 47 which can be seen in FIG. 9 and which engages in a bearing bush 48 located in the center of the circle of the bearing plate 41 and which in the material of the floor or ceiling wall 38, 38 'can be sunk. The engagement position of the bolt is secured by a locking screw 50 which engages in an inserted bolt groove 49.

At a distance corresponding to the circular radius of the race 45 from the axis of the bolt 47, a guide sleeve 51 is embedded and welded into the tubular profile of the horizontal Z-leg 13, in which a piston 52 can be telescoped, which is spring-loaded in the extension direction by a compression spring 53 supported therein is. The piston is provided with a forked recess 54, in which the roller 46 is received with its axis. In the assembled state, the roller 46 runs on the web 45 using the pressure force of the spring 53. The aligned position of the roller 46 with its race 45, which must also exist when the horizontal leg 13 is rotated, is prevented from rotating between the guide sleeve 51 and the piston 52 reached. In the present case, the guide sleeve and the piston are profiled with a non-circular cross-section, as can be seen from the different jacket thickness in FIG. 9.

With this bearing design, the desired locking of the door can be achieved in certain pivot positions, for which the open and closed positions of the door are used in the present case. At the same time an automatic drive of the door 20 is achieved in the last phase of movement. For this purpose, the track 45 is profiled at the desired points by changing the height of the web 44, as is explained in more detail in FIG. 12. There the web profile is shown in that area 56 of the track 45 where the roller 46 is in the position 20 "of FIG. 2 when the door is fully open. The web decreases in full height 55, on one side an inclined ramp 57 is formed along which the spring-loaded roller 46 moves along by itself, so that a drive effect occurs.The other flank of this lowering 56 is so steep that it interacts with the roller 58 like a stop and thereby slows down the The dimensioning of the support arm 11 formed by the Z crank 10 ensures that the opened door 20 "is swiveled out fully with respect to the door opening 35 of the cabinet 21, because the opening edge of the Cupboard is encompassed in the region of the side wall 39.

A similar profile of the track 45 is found at that point which, according to FIGS. 1 and 10, characterizes the closed position 20 'of the door. Appropriately, to increase the latching effect, the flanks of the web lowering there are steeper.

To insert an assembly aid, the horizontal leg, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 9, is provided with an opening 59. Before the fitting is assembled, when it is disassembled into its components 10, 10 'and 12 for shipping purposes, a screw 62 is inserted in the opening 59, which engages in the internal thread 60 of the piston 52, which is indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 9. As a result, the piston 52 carrying the roller 46 and the compression spring 53 are first captively connected to the associated Z crank 10. By means of this screw, the entire catch can be pulled back into the guide sleeve 51 in the bearing 40 before the Z-crank is assembled, so that the bearing parts can be brought into engagement undisturbed. Then the screw is simply unscrewed again, the already out-of-roundness of the telescopic guide of the piston 52 also proving useful here.

As can also be seen from FIG. 9, the end opening of the tubular profile lying in the storage area is closed by means of a suitable plastic stopper 61 or the like.

Claims (9)

1. (a) A fitting for parallel guiding of a door (20), in particular a cabinet door, during transition between the closed (20') and open positions (20") thereof,

(b) comprising a bracket-shaped, inherently stiff carrying structure (10, 10'), in particular of bent round section,

(c) whose intermediate bracket shank (15, 15') is pivoted to the door (20), thereby supporting the latter, and constitutes a· vertical pivot axis (22), and

(d) whose bracket end sections rigidly connected to the upper and lower bracket shank (15,15'), in particular provided by bent portions of the round section, constitute carrying arms (11) having their ends received in stationary bearings (40),

(3) and further comprising a parallel guide arm (12) having laterally offset pivot points (36, 37),

characterized in that

(f) the carrying structure is composed of two, respectively one-piece bracket halves in the form of spatial cranks (10, 10')

(g) which have a horizontal (13) and a vertical shank (15, 15') each, relative to a horizontal intermediate web (14)-in an inverse relationship to each other-and in which the horizontal shank (13) and the intermediate web (14) together form a respective carrying arm (11),

(h) the vertical shanks (15, 15') are adapted to be cut to length depending on the respective height of the door (20),

(i) both vertical shanks (15, 15') have their shank ends (17, 17') facing each other after installation of the door (20), and together constitute an initially separated intermediate bracket shank in the carrying structure (10, 10'), and

(k) whereupon the shank ends (17,17') of the two vertical shanks (15, 15') are adapted to be intercoupled (18), secure against rotation, by an adjustable pivot mechanism of their associated carrying arms (11).

2. A fitting as claimed in the claim 1, characterized in that the vertical shanks (15, 15') of the two cranks (10, 10') having a tubular profile are butting each other their face ends (17,17') and are releasably interconnected by a sleeve (18) gripping therearound.

3. A fitting as claimed in the claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the back of the door (20) is provided with holding clamps (23) mounted thereto which grip around the vertical shanks (15, 15') of the two cranks (10, 10') for provision of a pivot bearing.

4. A fitting as claimed in any one or several of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the door (20) is supported against one of the two vertical shanks (15, 15') via a radial shoulder (29, 30).

5. A fitting as claimed in the claim 4, characterized in that the radial shoulder comprises an adjusting ring (29) adapted to be affixed to the vertical shank (15), gripping underneath one of the holding clamps (23) of the door.

6. A fitting as claimed in the claim 4, characterized in that the radial shoulder comprises a projection (30) which is supported against one of the holding clamps (23) of the door, with the interposition of a space-varying member (31) such as an annular body, having vertically differing recesses (33) for accommodation of the projection (30).

7. A fitting as claimed in any one or several of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the stationary pivot bearing (40) of the cabinet is enclosed by a track (45) parallel to the radius of turn of the cranks, having guided therealong a member (46) mounted to the horizontal shank (13) of the crank.

8. A fitting as claimed in the claim 7, characterized in that the member (46) is resiliently spring-pressed against the track (45), and the track has a guide profile (55) preferring specific rotated positions of the cranks such as fully open position and closed position of the door (20", 20').

9. A fitting as claimed in the claim 8, characterized in that the member comprises a roller (46) on a telescopic guide (51,52) parallel to the pivot axis, and the track is provided by a vertically differing (55) web (44) on a bearing plate (41), having a receptacle (48) in the center of circle of the track for a pivot pin (47) on the crank end (13) on the side of the cabinet.

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