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EP0090155B1 - Treibladungskartusche für eine Mörsergeschoss - Google Patents

Treibladungskartusche für eine Mörsergeschoss Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0090155B1
EP0090155B1 EP19830101273 EP83101273A EP0090155B1 EP 0090155 B1 EP0090155 B1 EP 0090155B1 EP 19830101273 EP19830101273 EP 19830101273 EP 83101273 A EP83101273 A EP 83101273A EP 0090155 B1 EP0090155 B1 EP 0090155B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
powder
cartridge
strips
casing
holes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19830101273
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0090155A3 (en
EP0090155A2 (de
Inventor
Rune Akhagen
Björn Pettersson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AFFAERSVERKET FFV
Original Assignee
Affarsverket FFV
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0090155A2 publication Critical patent/EP0090155A2/de
Publication of EP0090155A3 publication Critical patent/EP0090155A3/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/0823—Primers or igniters for the initiation or the propellant charge in a cartridged ammunition
    • F42C19/0826—Primers or igniters for the initiation or the propellant charge in a cartridged ammunition comprising an elongated perforated tube, i.e. flame tube, for the transmission of the initial energy to the propellant charge, e.g. used for artillery shells and kinetic energy penetrators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B30/00—Projectiles or missiles, not otherwise provided for, characterised by the ammunition class or type, e.g. by the launching apparatus or weapon used
    • F42B30/08—Ordnance projectiles or missiles, e.g. shells
    • F42B30/10—Mortar projectiles
    • F42B30/12—Mortar projectiles with provision for additional propulsive charges, or for varying the length
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/16—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile characterised by composition or physical dimensions or form of propellant charge, with or without projectile, or powder

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a propellant and ignition cartridge designed to be enclosed in a cartridge tube for a finned projectile where the wall of the cartridge tube has a number of through holes so as to permit the outward flow of powder gases from powder which has been ignited in the cartridge, the cartridge having a casing which is dimensioned to burst in the centre of said holes.
  • a propellant and ignition cartridge designed to be enclosed in a cartridge tube for a finned projectile where the wall of the cartridge tube has a number of through holes so as to permit the outward flow of powder gases from powder which has been ignited in the cartridge, the cartridge having a casing which is dimensioned to burst in the centre of said holes.
  • Finned projectiles for mortars usually have a tail portion in the form of a cartridge tube which is surrounded by wings or stabilizing fins, and which encloses an ignition and propellant cartridge of the above-mentioned kind. Apart from this cartridge possibly a further quantity of powder is provided on the outside of the cartridge tube, usually in the form of a number of increment charges, of which some are often made up from thinner powders that the remaining increment charges.
  • the cartridge tube is provided with a number of through holes to permit the exit of the powder gases.
  • the gases provide a propellant effect for the projectile, and secondly the requisite ignition impulse to any increment charges possibly present on the outside of the cartridge tube.
  • the propellant cartridge has a double task, firstly to be a portion of the propellant charge, and secondly to be the ignition unit for the majority if the propellant charge.
  • the minimum charge which can be solely the propellant cartridge, or the propellant cartridge and only one increment charge (that with the thinnest powder) it is essential that the propellant cartridge should provide complete uniform combustion of the powder charge in the barrel at the low pressure which is achieved with such a small charge.
  • the maximum pressure in the barrel in such cases is about 10 MPa.
  • the hot gases flowing outwards from the system of holes are employed together with the powder particles which have been ignited but have not yet burnt out, which are normally flake powder in the form of flakes 1-3 mm square.
  • the ignited powder in the propellant cartridge is subjected, on flowing outwards into the barrel where the volume is 10 times greater than that in the cartridge tube, to a considerable reduction in temperature and pressure which reduces its effect as the igniter impulse for the powder in the increment charge.
  • the ignition impulse from the outflowing hot gases is very intensive but of short duration, usually less than 0.1 ms.
  • the aim of the present invention is to present a propellant and ignition cartridge of the type specified on the preamble which provides uniform, fast and reliable combustion of the powder in the cartridge, and, in case of the provision of increment charges, without crushing of the increment charge powder taking place.
  • This objective is achieved in that the propellant and ignition cartridge in accordance with the invention has the characteristics of claim 1.
  • Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through the rear portion of a mortar shell having a propellant and ignition cartridge in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows on an enlarged scale a longitudinal section through a propellant and ignition cartridge in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 3 illustrates the pressure in the propellant cartridge as a function of time, firstly with a known propellant cartridge, and secondly for two different cartridges in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 1 illustrated the rear portion of a finned projectile in the form of a mortar shell 1 with a tail portion in the form of an essentially hollow- cylindrical cartridge tube 2 which is open at the rear.
  • the rearmost portion of the cartridge tube 2 is surrounded by conventional guide fins 3 whilst its frontal portion is surrounded by eight sections of ring-shaped conventional increment charges 4.
  • the well section 5 of the cartridge tube 2 located inside and somewhat forward of the increment charges has a plurality of through holes so as to permit the outward flow of the powder gases from a propellant and ignition cartridge 8 which is situationed in the hollow cylindrical space 7 of the cartridge tube.
  • the propellant and ignition cartridge 8 includes a hollow cylindrical casing 9, open at the.rear, the rear open end of which is attached over an ignition screw 10 which can be threaded into the cartridge tube 2.
  • the ignition screw 10 is provided with a conventional detonator 11 having a chamber 12 for expansion of the detonator gases.
  • an ignition container 13 is provided, the ignition charge 13a of which, e.g. black powder or a pyrotechnic charge, communicates with the chamber 12 by means of holes 14 in the rear wall of the ignition container 13.
  • the ignition container 13 has a plurality of radially-directed holes 15 which open out in the interior of the propellant and ignition cartridge 8.
  • a batch 16 of extended powder strips 17 rests against the forward face of the ignition container 13. As indicated best in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, close to its rear end the strips 17 are held together by a clamp 18. By this means the batch of strips 16 exhibits a brush-like appearance, so that a ring-shaped space 19 which tapers at the front is formed between the batch 16 and the wall of the cartridge 8.
  • the powder strips 17 extend over a major portion of the length of the cartridge casing 9, preferably over at least 75% thereof. With the embodiment illustrated in Figures 1-2, the strips 17 extend from the forward end of the ignition container 13 mainly up to the forward end of the cartridge casing 9. The width of the strips 17 is preferably 0.4-0.9 times the diameter of the casing 9. The thickness of the strips which can be 0.3-1.0 mm is governed by the desired combustion duration. With this powder form extremely stable and uniform charge density is obtained over the entire length of the cartridge. These properties are accentuated if the strips 17 are held together in a batch, as shown for example at 18 in Figure 2. In accordance with an embodiment which is not illustrated the strips 17 can be subdivided into several separate batches which are held together.
  • the casing 9 preferably comprises a thin metal plate, preferably aluminium tube.
  • the thickness of the casing 9 is matched to suit the area of the individual exit flow holes 6, so that the opening of the holes 6 (stampings in the plate) takes place at an internal pressure which is suitable from the functional viewpoint.
  • the number of holes 6 is governed by the fact that the total hole area (total exit flow area) in relation to the total exposed surface available for combustion of the powder in the propellant cartridge is to provide the relationship between the burning powder surface and the discharge area which together with the combustion properties of the powder govern the "stagnation pressure" which is defined by the following equation:
  • the stagnation pressure must be higher than the pressure at which the system of holes opens. This means that only a small portion of the powder in the propellant cartridge burns to provide the opening pressure. After the opening pressure has been achieved, the majority of the powder in the cartridge tube burns and the gases flow outwards during a period of time which can be selected so that the requisite, but not harmful, speed is obtained. This is appropriately 0.5-3 ms, preferably 1-2 ms calculated from the time when the holes open until the pressure in the cartridge tube has again dropped to the hole opening pressure after passage of the stagnation pressure (pressure peak). This time curve is obtained if the holes 6 of the cartridge tube, the casing 9 and the powder strips 17 are dimensioned as specified above.
  • the opening pressure should be selected at so high a level that the powder in the cartridge is sufficiently over ignited, but not so high that the shock of opening extensively crushes the partial charge powder located outside.
  • the opening pressure can, dependent on the various applications, be selected between 10-50 MPa and preferably be 20-40 MPa.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates comparative tests using conventional propellant cartridges and propellant cartridges in accordance with the present invention.
  • the curve A shows the pressure in a propellant cartridge with flake powder as a function of time
  • curves B and C show the pressure as a function of time for two propellant cartridges in accordance with the invention with varying thickness for the powder strips.
  • P and U denote the stagnation pressure and the opening pressure respectively.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Mechanical Pencils And Projecting And Retracting Systems Therefor, And Multi-System Writing Instruments (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Claims (3)

1. Treibladungs- und Zündungskartusche (8), die bestimmt ist, in eine Kartuschenröhre (2) eines mit Finnen versehenen Geschosses (1) eingeschlossen zu werden, wobei die Wand (5) der Kartuschenröhre (2) eine Anzahl von durchgehenden Löchern (6) hat, um den Fluß von Pulvergasen nach außen zu erlauben von Pulver, das in der Kartusche gezündet worden ist, wobei die Kartusche (8) ein Gehäuse (9) hat, das dimensioniert ist, um in der Mitte dieser Löcher (6) zu zerplatzen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Pulver aus einer Vielzahl von ausgedehnten Pulverstreifen (17) besteht, die hauptsächlich in Längsrichtung der Kartusche (8) ausgerichtet sind, und daß die Pulververbrennung einen Stagnationsdruck (P) hat, der höher ist als der Öffnungsdruck, an dem das Gehäuse in der Mittel der Löcher (6) zerplatzt, wobei der Stagnationsdruck näher bestimmt ist gemäß der Formel
Figure imgb0003
wobei P der Stagnationsdruck ist, KD die gesamte Pulveroberfläche geteilt durch den gesamten Entladungsbereich für die Pulvergase ist und Z und r Eigenschaften des Pulvers sind, und daß die Löcher (6), das Gehäuse (9) und die Pulverstreifen (17) solch einen Bereich, eine Dicke und Pulvereigenschaften aufweisen, daß der Druck der Gase von dem Pulver in der Kartuschenröhre (2) für einen Zeitraum von 0,5 bis 3 ms, vorzugsweise 1 bis 2 ms, nachdem der Öffnungsdruck erreicht worden ist, höher ist als der Öffnungsdruck.
2. Kartusche nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Streifen (17) sich über einen größeren Teil der Länge des Kartuschengehäuses (9) erstrecken, vorzugsweise über mindestens 75% davon, und daß die Breite der Streifen (17) 0,4 bis 0,9 mal der Durchmesser des Kartuschengehäuses (9) ist.
3. Kartusche nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch Einrichtungen (18), um die Pulverstreifen (17) zumindest teilweise gegeneinander zusammenzuhalten in den Enden, die der Zündladung (13a) gegenüberliegen, wobei sie einen Raum (19) zwischen den Pulverstreifen (17) und dem Gehäuse (9) zur Verfügung stellen, der mit der Zündladung (13a) verbunden ist.
EP19830101273 1982-03-30 1983-02-10 Treibladungskartusche für eine Mörsergeschoss Expired EP0090155B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8202006A SE444724B (sv) 1982-03-30 1982-03-30 Driv- och tendpatron till vinggranat
SE8202006 1982-03-30

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0090155A2 EP0090155A2 (de) 1983-10-05
EP0090155A3 EP0090155A3 (en) 1984-03-28
EP0090155B1 true EP0090155B1 (de) 1986-09-17

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19830101273 Expired EP0090155B1 (de) 1982-03-30 1983-02-10 Treibladungskartusche für eine Mörsergeschoss

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP0090155B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3366169D1 (de)
NO (1) NO151342C (de)
SE (1) SE444724B (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2764682B1 (fr) * 1997-06-11 1999-09-03 Lacroix Soc E Ensemble de propulsion pour projectile limitant l'effort de recul
US7024998B2 (en) * 2003-06-27 2006-04-11 Raytheon Company Projectile with propelling charge holder

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1301905A (fr) * 1961-07-10 1962-08-24 Hotchkiss Brandt Projectile d'artillerie perfectionné
NL291890A (de) * 1962-04-26
US3182595A (en) * 1962-07-20 1965-05-11 Harry F Hassmann Igniter assembly containing strands of benite
CH438093A (de) * 1963-06-12 1967-06-15 Military Training Device Co Ak Kartusche
BE773633A (fr) * 1970-04-10 1972-01-31 Foerenade Fabriksverken Charge de propulsion, notamment pour des munitions de grand diametre

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE8202006L (sv) 1983-10-01
NO151342C (no) 1985-03-27
EP0090155A3 (en) 1984-03-28
SE444724B (sv) 1986-04-28
NO151342B (no) 1984-12-10
NO830726L (no) 1983-10-03
DE3366169D1 (en) 1986-10-23
EP0090155A2 (de) 1983-10-05

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