EP0043567A1 - Method of and grate furnace for combustion of solid fuel - Google Patents
Method of and grate furnace for combustion of solid fuel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0043567A1 EP0043567A1 EP81105171A EP81105171A EP0043567A1 EP 0043567 A1 EP0043567 A1 EP 0043567A1 EP 81105171 A EP81105171 A EP 81105171A EP 81105171 A EP81105171 A EP 81105171A EP 0043567 A1 EP0043567 A1 EP 0043567A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- combustion
- water vapor
- grate
- zones
- combustion air
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion
- F23L1/02—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion by discharging the air below the fire
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
- F23L7/002—Supplying water
- F23L7/005—Evaporated water; Steam
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for reducing the NO x emission in large furnaces and to an apparatus for performing the method.
- the steadily increasing environmental impact has led to the fact that large combustion plants pay attention to the lowest possible nitrogen oxide emissions.
- the nitrogen oxide formation depends on the one hand on the fuel used and on the other hand on the combustion temperature. With increasing dwell time and increasing excess air in the area of high temperatures, nitrogen oxide formation is favored.
- the object of the invention is to achieve a reduction in the combustion temperature below a certain value, from which a particularly strong formation of nitrogen oxide begins, in order to reduce the NO emission, and without the need for larger dust filters and larger conveying fans for the flue gases to be removed .
- This object is achieved according to the invention by a zone-wise supply of water vapor into the combustion layer along with the combustion air over the length of the fire, the individual zones being able to be acted upon independently of one another as a function of the NO x content in the flue gases.
- the use of water vapor as a ballast medium to lower the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber has the essential advantage that, due to the very high specific heat of water vapor, a great deal of heat can be extracted from the combustion process at a comparable small volume of the water vapor to be supplied, thereby reducing the combustion temperature to one Value can be reduced at which only very small amounts of nitrogen oxides are formed.
- the handling of the water vapor to be supplied is much easier than the flue gas recirculation, since the pipes to be used have a significantly smaller cross section have, which is why correspondingly small valves can be used, so that there is a much lower effort from a design point of view.
- the reduction of the NO x emission is achieved with particularly economical means if, in a further development of the invention, the water vapor to be introduced is removed as waste steam from the process circuit of the steam boiler assigned to the furnace.
- This exhaust steam which is available with a pressure of 1.5 to 2.0 bar and a saturation temperature of approximately 110 to 120 °, is particularly suitable for addition to the combustion air in order to reduce the combustion temperature as ballast medium.
- the combustion temperature is lowered not only because of the high specific heat of the water vapor, but also because of the ability of the water vapor to absorb radiation energy from the environment, which is based on the fact that water vapor is a tri-atomic gas.
- the water vapor is supplied essentially in countercurrent to the combustion air flowing upward out of the respective downwind zone against the combustion grate.
- a device or firing system for carrying out the method is characterized according to the invention in that the space under the firing grate is subdivided into separate underwind zones and each underwind zone is assigned a steam feed pipe which extends transversely to the grate longitudinal direction and is provided with water vapor blowout openings or water vapor blowout nozzles which let the water vapor escape essentially against the combustion air directed towards the bottom of the firing grate.
- a steam feed pipe which extends transversely to the grate longitudinal direction and is provided with water vapor blowout openings or water vapor blowout nozzles which let the water vapor escape essentially against the combustion air directed towards the bottom of the firing grate.
- the steam feed pipes are protected against the firing grate by a cover in each case, preferably by support frames of the grate construction. Without such protection, it could happen that the fine ash parts falling through the grate settle on the steam supply pipe and clog the steam outlet nozzles.
- a firing grate generally designated 1, which are delimited from one another by partition walls 3.
- the combustion air necessary for the combustion can be introduced through large openings 4 in the side wall 5 of the firing system 6 with inclined floors within the individual downwind zones 2 are designated, on which the ash falling through the furnace grate reaches a discharge opening 7.
- the supply of water vapor which is removed as waste steam from the process circuit of the steam boiler connected downstream of the furnace, takes place via steam supply pipes 8 which have steam blow-out nozzles or steam blow-out openings 9 which are arranged on the respective steam supply pipe 8 in such a way that they blow the water steam almost vertically downwards , as indicated by the dash-dotted arrows 19.
- the water vapor is directed towards the core of the combustion air emerging from the opening 4, so that a mixture of cross and counterflow is established because the combustion air first enters the respective underwind zone in the horizontal direction, is distributed there and then upwards to the firing grate 1 arrives.
- the firing grate 1 consists in a known manner of individual grate steps 10 and 11, which are each constructed from grate bars lying side by side, which rest with their lower ends on step support frames 12 and 13, of which the step support frame 13 is fixed and the step support frame 12 is movable.
- the latter are on a zigzag Arranged bar 14 which is movable back and forth in the direction of the double arrow 15.
- This zigzag bar 14 is supported by rollers 16 on support frames 17 for the grate construction.
- the steam supply pipes 8 are arranged below this support frame 17, whereby they are protected against grate diarrhea.
- the regulation of the steam supply takes place zone by zone and preferably sequentially, for example depending on the length of the fire by means of corresponding valves 18 to 18 "" depending on the NO x content in the combustion gases, which can be determined by sensors 20 to 20 ".
- the sensors can, for example, sampling probes which lead to a gas chromatograph common to all sensors. With the aid of these sensors, the valves 18 to 18 "” and thus the steam supply to the different underwind zones 2 to 2 “” are regulated.
- only a single sensor can also be provided, but the regulation of the steam supply is more precise if several sensors are used.
- valve opening mechanism can be scanned one after the other for connection to the valve opening mechanism in such a way that, for example, when a harmful NO concentration in the front grate area is reached, the sensor 20 responds first and causes the valves 18 and 18 'to open. If the area of the harmful gases extends further over the length of the grate, then the sensor 20 'can cause the additional opening of the valve 18 "and so on or the associated valves.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Verminderung der NOx-Emission bei Großfeuerungen sowie auf eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for reducing the NO x emission in large furnaces and to an apparatus for performing the method.
Die stetig wachsende Umweltbelastung hat dazu geführt, daß man bei Großfeuerungen auf eine möglichst geringe Stickoxid-Emission achtet. Die Stickoxid-Bildung hängt im wesentlichen einerseits vom verwendeten Brennstoff und andererseits von der Verbrennungstemperatur ab. Mit zunehmender Verweilzeit und zunehmendem Luftüberschuß im Bereich hoher Temperaturen wird die Stickoxidbildung begünstigt.The steadily increasing environmental impact has led to the fact that large combustion plants pay attention to the lowest possible nitrogen oxide emissions. The nitrogen oxide formation depends on the one hand on the fuel used and on the other hand on the combustion temperature. With increasing dwell time and increasing excess air in the area of high temperatures, nitrogen oxide formation is favored.
Zur Verminderung der Stickoxid-Emission ist es bekannt, die Temperatur im Feuerungsraum bzw. in unmittelbarer Umgebung der im Feuerungsraum stattfindenden Verbrennung nicht über einen bestimmten Betrag ansteigen zu lassen, da es bekannt ist, daß die NOx -Bildung ab einer bestimmten kritischen Temperatur sehr stark ansteigt. Es liegen demnach Bemühungen vor, die Verbrennungstemperatur':möglichst unter diesem kritischen Wert zu halten, was einerseits durch Rauchgasrückführung und andererseits durch einen erhöhten Luftüberschuß erzielt wird. Beide bekannten Verfahren weisen einen wesentlichen Nachteil auf, der darin besteht, daß die zu fördernde und zu entstaubende Gasmenge wesentlich ansteigt, wodurch es erforderlich ist, ein wesentlich größeres Elektrofilter und auch größere Fördergebläse mit entsprechend höherem Energieaufwand zu installieren. Bei der Rauchgasrückführung tritt noch ein zusätzlicher Nachteil ein, der darin zu sehen ist, daß entsprechende Rohrleitungen vorgesehen werden müssen, die wegen der unvermeidlichen Temperaturschwankungen häufig zu Undichtigkeiten neigen, was in Verbindung mit dem notwendigen Überdruck, mit dem die Rauchgase in den Feuerungsraum eingeblasen werden müssen, zu einem Austreten von Rauchgasen in das Kesselhaus führt.To reduce nitrogen oxide emissions, it is known not to let the temperature in the combustion chamber or in the immediate vicinity of the combustion taking place in the combustion chamber rise above a certain amount, since it is known that the NO x formation is very high from a certain critical temperature rises sharply. Therefore exist efforts, the combustion temperature ': to keep possible below this critical value, which is achieved on the one hand through flue gas recirculation and on the other hand by an increased excess air. Both known methods have a major disadvantage, which is that the amount of gas to be conveyed and dedusted increases significantly, which means that it is necessary to use a much larger electrostatic filter and also larger conveying fans to install higher energy consumption. In the case of flue gas recirculation, there is an additional disadvantage, which can be seen in the fact that corresponding pipelines must be provided, which often tend to leak due to the inevitable temperature fluctuations, which in connection with the necessary excess pressure with which the flue gases are blown into the furnace must lead to smoke gases escaping into the boiler house.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Absenkung der Verbrennungstemperatur unter einen bestimmten Wert zu erreichen, ab welchem eine besonders starke Stickoxid-Bildung einsetzt, um somit die NO-Emission zu vermindern und zwar ohne daß größere Staubfilter und größere Fördergebläse für die abzuführenden Rauchgase erforderlich wären.The object of the invention is to achieve a reduction in the combustion temperature below a certain value, from which a particularly strong formation of nitrogen oxide begins, in order to reduce the NO emission, and without the need for larger dust filters and larger conveying fans for the flue gases to be removed .
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch eine über die Feuerlänge verteilte, zonenweise Zuführung von Wasserdampf in die Brennschicht zusammen mit der Verbrennungsluft, wobei die einzelnen Zonen unabhängig voneinander in Abhängigkeit vom NO x -Gehalt in den Rauchgasen mit Wasserdampf beaufschlagbar sind.This object is achieved according to the invention by a zone-wise supply of water vapor into the combustion layer along with the combustion air over the length of the fire, the individual zones being able to be acted upon independently of one another as a function of the NO x content in the flue gases.
Durch die Verwendung von Wasserdampf als Ballastmedium zur Absenkung der Verbrennungstemperatur im Feuerungsraum wird der wesentliche Vorteil erzielt, daß aufgrund der sehr hohen spezifischen Wärme von Wasserdampf sehr viel Wärme den Verbrennungsprozeß bei einem vergleichbaren kleinen Volumen des zuzuführenden Wasserdampfes entzogen werden kann, wodurch die Verbrennungstemperatur auf einen Wert abgesenkt werden kann, bei welchem sich nur sehr geringe Mengen an Stickoxiden bilden. Darüber hinaus ist die Handhabung des zuzuführenden Wasserdampfes wesentlich einfacher als die Rauchgasrückführung, da die zu verwendenden Rohre einen wesentlich geringeren Querschnitt aufweisen, weshalb auch entsprechend kleine Ventile verwendet werden können, so daß sich aus konstruktiver Sicht ein wesentlich geringerer Aufwand ergibt. Aufgrund der verhältnismäßig geringen Volumenvergrößerung der Rauchgase, die auf die Wasserdampfzuführung zurückzuführen ist, ergibt sich in den allermeisten Fällen nicht die Notwendigkeit, das für die ursprüngliche Rauchgasmenge vorgesehene Entstaubungsfilter zu vergrößern. Auch ist es in den meisten Fällen nicht notwendig, größere Gebläse für das Abziehen der Rauchgase vorzusehen. Durch die Befeuchtung der Rauchgase infolge der Wasserdampfzuführung wird sogar der bekannte Effekt genutzt, daß der Wirkungsgrad des elektrischen Entstaubungsfilters erhöht wird.The use of water vapor as a ballast medium to lower the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber has the essential advantage that, due to the very high specific heat of water vapor, a great deal of heat can be extracted from the combustion process at a comparable small volume of the water vapor to be supplied, thereby reducing the combustion temperature to one Value can be reduced at which only very small amounts of nitrogen oxides are formed. In addition, the handling of the water vapor to be supplied is much easier than the flue gas recirculation, since the pipes to be used have a significantly smaller cross section have, which is why correspondingly small valves can be used, so that there is a much lower effort from a design point of view. Due to the relatively small increase in volume of the flue gases, which can be attributed to the water vapor supply, in most cases there is no need to enlarge the dedusting filter provided for the original amount of flue gas. It is also not necessary in most cases to provide larger fans for extracting the flue gases. The humidification of the flue gases as a result of the water vapor supply even uses the known effect that the efficiency of the electrical dust filter is increased.
Die Verminderung der NOx-Emission wird mit besonders wirtschaftlichen Mitteln dann erreicht, wenn in Weiterbildung der Erfindung der einzuführende Wasserdampf als Abdampf dem Prozeßkreislauf des der Feuerung zugeordneten Dampfkessels entnommen wird. Dieser Abdampf, der mit einem Druck von 1,5 bis 2,0 bar und einer Sättigungstemperatur von ungefähr 110 bis 120° zur Verfügung steht, eignet sich in besonders günstiger Weise zur Beimischung zur Verbrennungsluft, um als Ballastmedium die Verbrennungstemperatur zu vermindern. Dabei wird die Verbrennungstemperatur nicht nur wegen der hohenspezifischen Wärme des Wasserdampfes abgesenkt, sondern auch wegen der Fähigkeit des Wasserdampfes, Strahlungsenergie aus der Umgebung aufzunehmen, die auf der Tatsache beruht, daß Wasserdampf ein dreiatomiges Gas ist.The reduction of the NO x emission is achieved with particularly economical means if, in a further development of the invention, the water vapor to be introduced is removed as waste steam from the process circuit of the steam boiler assigned to the furnace. This exhaust steam, which is available with a pressure of 1.5 to 2.0 bar and a saturation temperature of approximately 110 to 120 °, is particularly suitable for addition to the combustion air in order to reduce the combustion temperature as ballast medium. The combustion temperature is lowered not only because of the high specific heat of the water vapor, but also because of the ability of the water vapor to absorb radiation energy from the environment, which is based on the fact that water vapor is a tri-atomic gas.
Um eine besonders gleichmäßige Vermischung des Wasserdampfes mit der Verbrennungsluft zu erzielen, wird der Wasserdampf im wesentlichen im Gegenstrom der aus der jeweiligen Unterwindzone nach oben gegen den Feuerungsrost strömenden Verbrennungsluft zugeführt.In order to achieve a particularly uniform mixing of the water vapor with the combustion air, the water vapor is supplied essentially in countercurrent to the combustion air flowing upward out of the respective downwind zone against the combustion grate.
Zur Vermeidung von Kondensationserscheinungen kann es empfehlenswert sein, die Verbrennungsluft vorzuwärmen.To avoid condensation, it may be advisable to preheat the combustion air.
Eine Vorrichtung bzw. Feuerungsanlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens ist nach der Erfindung dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Raum unter dem Feuerungsrost in einzelne voneinander getrennte Unterwindzonen unterteilt und jeder Unterwindzone ein Dampfzuführungsrohr zugeordnet ist, das sich quer zur Rostlängsrichtung erstreckt und mit Wasserdampfausblaseöffnungen bzw. Wasserdampfausblasedüsen versehen ist, die den Wasserdampf im wesentlichen entgegen der zur Unterseite des Feuerungsrostes gerichteten Verbrennungsluft austreten lassen. Bei bekannten Feuerungsanlagen, bei denen die Verbrennungsluft aus großen öffnungen einer Seitenbegrenzungswand der Feuerungsanlage austritt, wird sich eine Mischung aus Querstrom.und Gegenstrom von Wasserdampf und Luft einstellen.A device or firing system for carrying out the method is characterized according to the invention in that the space under the firing grate is subdivided into separate underwind zones and each underwind zone is assigned a steam feed pipe which extends transversely to the grate longitudinal direction and is provided with water vapor blowout openings or water vapor blowout nozzles which let the water vapor escape essentially against the combustion air directed towards the bottom of the firing grate. In known firing systems in which the combustion air emerges from large openings in a side boundary wall of the firing system, a mixture of crossflow and counterflow of water vapor and air will occur.
Um einer Verstopfungsgefahr der Wasserdampfausblasedüsen vorzubeugen, sind in weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung die Dampfzuführungsrohre gegen den Feuerungsrost durch jeweils eine Abdeckung vorzugsweise durch Unterstützungsrahmen der Rostkonstruktion geschützt. Ohne einen solchen Schutz könnte der Fall eintreten, daß die durch den Feuerungsrost hindurchfallenden feinen Aschenteile sich auf dem Dampfzuführungsrohr absetzen und die Wasserdampfausblasedüsen verstopfen.In order to prevent the water vapor blow-out nozzles from becoming blocked, in a further embodiment of the invention the steam feed pipes are protected against the firing grate by a cover in each case, preferably by support frames of the grate construction. Without such protection, it could happen that the fine ash parts falling through the grate settle on the steam supply pipe and clog the steam outlet nozzles.
Im nachfolgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer Feuerungsanlage mit Rückschubrost näher erläutert, die nur als ein nicht einschränkendes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Feuerungsanlage zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens anzusehen ist.The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a firing system with a sliding grate, which is only to be regarded as a non-limiting embodiment of a firing system for carrying out the method according to the invention.
In der Zeichnung zeigen:
- Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt durch einen Feuerungsrost mit Unterwindzonen und
Figur 3 einen Schnitt nach der Linie II-II in Fig. 1.
- Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a grate with underwind zones and
- 3 shows a section along the line II-II in Fig. 1st
Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich, sind unterhalb eines insgesamt mit 1 bezeichneten Feuerungsrostes mehrere Unterwindzonen 2 bis 2"' vorgesehen, die gegeneinander durch Trennwände 3 abgegrenzt sind. Durch große Öffnungen 4 in der Seitenwand 5 der Feuerungsanlage ist die für die Verbrennung notwendige Verbrennungsluft einführbar. Mit 6 sind schräg gestellte Böden innerhalb der einzelnen Unterwindzonen 2 bezeichnet, auf denen die durch den Feuerungsrost hindurchfallende Asche zu einer Austragsöffnung 7 gelangt.1,
Die Zuführung von Wasserdampf, der als Abdampf dem Prozeßkreislauf des der Feuerung nachgeschalteten Dampfkessels entnommen wird, erfolgt über Dampfzuführungsrohre 8, die Dampfausblasedüsen bzw. Dampfausblaseöffnungen 9 aufweisen, die so an dem jeweiligen Dampfzuführungsrohr 8 angeordnet sind, daß sie den Wasserdampf nahezu senkrecht nach unten ausblasen, wie dies durch die strichpunktierten Pfeile 19 angedeutet ist. Der Wasserdampf wird dabei auf den Kern der aus der Öffnung 4 austretenden Verbrennungsluft gerichtet, so daß sich eine Mischung aus Quer- und Gegenstrom einstellt, weil die Verbrennungsluft zunächst in horizontaler Richtung in die jeweilige Unterwindzone eintritt, sich dort verteilt und dann nach oben zum Feuerungsrost 1 gelangt.The supply of water vapor, which is removed as waste steam from the process circuit of the steam boiler connected downstream of the furnace, takes place via
Der Feuerungsrost 1 besteht in bekannter Weise aus einzelnen Roststufen 10 und 11, die jeweils aus nebeneinander liegenden Roststäben aufgebaut sind, welche mit ihren unteren Enden auf Stufentragrahmen 12 und 13 aufruhen, von denen die Stufentragrahmen 13 fest und die Stufentragrahmen 12 bewegbar sind. Letztere sind auf einem Zickzack-Balken 14 angeordnet, der in Richtung des Doppelpfeiles 15 hin und her bewegbar ist. Dieser Zickzack-Balken 14 ist mittels Rollen 16 auf Unterstützungsrahmen 17 für die Rostkonstruktion abgestützt.The firing grate 1 consists in a known manner of
Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich, sind die Dampfzuführungsrohre 8 unterhalb dieser Unterstützungsrahmen 17 angeordnet, wodurch sie gegen den Rostdurchfall geschützt sind.As can be seen from Fig. 1, the
Die Regelung der Dampfzufuhr erfolgt zonenweise und vorzugsweise sequentiell, z.B. je nach Feuerlänge mittels entsprechender Ventile 18 bis 18"" in Abhängigkeit von dem NO x -Gehalt in den Feiue rungsgasen, der durch Sensoren 20 bis 20" feststellbar ist. Die Sensoren können z.B. Entnahmesonden sein, die zu einem für alle Sensoren gemeinsamen Gas-Chromatographen führen. Mit Hilfe dieser Sensoren werden die Ventile 18 bis 18"" und damit die Dampfzuführung zu den verschiedenen Unterwindzonen 2 bis 2 "' geregelt. Selbstverständlich kann auch nur ein einziger Sensor vorgesehen sein, jedoch ist die Regelung der Dampfzuführung genauer, wenn mehrere Sensoren zur Anwendung gelangen. Diese können für sich nacheinander zur Aufschaltung auf den Ventilöffnungsmechanismus abgetastet werden in der Art, daß z.B. bei Erreichung einer schädlichen NO -Konzentration im vorderen Rostbereich der Sensor 20 zuerst anspricht und die Öffnung der Ventile 18 und 18' veranlaßt. Falls sich der Bereich der schädlichen Gase über die Rostlänge weiter ausdehnt, kann alsdann der Sensor 20' die zusätzliche Öffnung des Ventils 18" bewirken und so. fort. Umgekehrt kann bei sich verbrennungsmäßig einstellender Verminderung der Schadgaserzeugung der entsprechende Sensor die Drosselung bzw. Schließung des oder der zugeordneten Ventile bewirken.The regulation of the steam supply takes place zone by zone and preferably sequentially, for example depending on the length of the fire by means of
Der große Vorteil der Wasserdampfeinblasung unmittelbar in die Brennschicht ist darin zu sehen, daß die Verbrennung bereits in statu nascendi daran gehindert wird, hohe, die NOx-Bildung provozierende Werte anzunehmen.The great advantage of blowing steam directly into the burning layer is that the combustion is prevented in statu nascendi from assuming high values that provoke the formation of NO x .
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT81105171T ATE11076T1 (en) | 1980-07-08 | 1981-07-03 | METHOD AND FIRING OF THE GRAVE FOR FIRING SOLID FUEL. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3025851A DE3025851C2 (en) | 1980-07-08 | 1980-07-08 | Grate firing |
| DE3025851 | 1980-07-08 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0043567A1 true EP0043567A1 (en) | 1982-01-13 |
| EP0043567B1 EP0043567B1 (en) | 1985-01-02 |
Family
ID=6106698
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP81105171A Expired EP0043567B1 (en) | 1980-07-08 | 1981-07-03 | Method of and grate furnace for combustion of solid fuel |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4394118A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0043567B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5747109A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE11076T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1180537A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3025851C2 (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4467731A (en) * | 1982-08-13 | 1984-08-28 | Kelley Company, Inc. | Steam injection system for an incinerator |
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| US4731990A (en) * | 1985-07-30 | 1988-03-22 | Michael Munk | Internal combustion engine system and method with reduced noxious emissions |
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| US5029557A (en) * | 1987-05-01 | 1991-07-09 | Donlee Technologies, Inc. | Cyclone combustion apparatus |
| DE3913886A1 (en) * | 1989-04-27 | 1990-10-31 | Omnical Gmbh | Control of nitrous oxide in boiler flue gases - by control of flow rate of recirculated flue gases to minimise formation of nitrous oxide before discharge into atmosphere |
| DE4113484A1 (en) * | 1991-04-25 | 1992-10-29 | Wanka Edwin Dipl Ing Fh | Method of improving efficiency of IC engine - involves mixing combustion air with water and ionised oxygen@ |
| DE19542013B4 (en) * | 1995-11-10 | 2004-09-16 | Karl Von Wedel | Sideboard for a cooling grate |
| US5832846A (en) * | 1996-01-11 | 1998-11-10 | Public Service Electric And Gas Corporation | Water injection NOx control process and apparatus for cyclone boilers |
| DE19744867A1 (en) * | 1997-10-10 | 1999-04-15 | Munters Euroform Gmbh Carl | Method and device for operating a boiler fired with liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons |
| US6089223A (en) * | 1998-01-28 | 2000-07-18 | Webco Industries, Incorporated | Direct contact water heating system |
| US6708496B2 (en) | 2002-05-22 | 2004-03-23 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Humidity compensation for combustion control in a gas turbine engine |
| US6715295B2 (en) | 2002-05-22 | 2004-04-06 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Gas turbine pilot burner water injection and method of operation |
| US6742341B2 (en) * | 2002-07-16 | 2004-06-01 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Automatic combustion control for a gas turbine |
| US8703064B2 (en) | 2011-04-08 | 2014-04-22 | Wpt Llc | Hydrocabon cracking furnace with steam addition to lower mono-nitrogen oxide emissions |
| EP3290794A1 (en) | 2016-09-05 | 2018-03-07 | Technip France | Method for reducing nox emission |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE64961C (en) * | A. R. SENNETT in Brentford, Middlesex, England | Device for introducing air or air and steam into boiler furnaces | ||
| GB196054A (en) * | 1922-01-11 | 1923-04-11 | Joseph Albert Hill | An improved method of and apparatus for firing the furnaces of steam generators and other furnaces |
| US1563132A (en) * | 1924-07-02 | 1925-11-24 | Wrigley Charles | Combustion accelerator and smoke consumer |
| DE547218C (en) * | 1930-05-31 | 1932-03-21 | Sulzer Ag | Grate firing for steam boilers, in which a steam air mixture is passed under or over the grate |
| DE919188C (en) * | 1949-10-27 | 1954-10-14 | Martin Joh Jos Dr Ing | Device for setting the underwind in grate furnaces with zone division |
| DE1039176B (en) * | 1955-06-04 | 1958-09-18 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | Process for the operation of grate furnaces with zone division |
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| US1159862A (en) * | 1915-02-16 | 1915-11-09 | Westinghouse Machine Co | Furnace. |
| US1291175A (en) * | 1916-04-24 | 1919-01-14 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Apparatus for washing waste gases and utilizing the heat thereof. |
| US3183864A (en) * | 1962-02-14 | 1965-05-18 | Combustion Eng | Method and system for operating a furnace |
| US3456606A (en) * | 1967-07-10 | 1969-07-22 | Benjamin Withorn | Combustion apparatus |
| US3530807A (en) * | 1969-04-28 | 1970-09-29 | Solomon Zalman | Anti-pollution apparatus |
| US3785304A (en) * | 1972-03-13 | 1974-01-15 | K Stookey | Method and apparatus for the thermal reduction of rubber or plastic material |
| US4089639A (en) * | 1974-11-26 | 1978-05-16 | John Zink Company | Fuel-water vapor premix for low NOx burning |
| CH583881A5 (en) * | 1975-07-04 | 1977-01-14 | Von Roll Ag | |
| US4008038A (en) * | 1975-09-10 | 1977-02-15 | Columbia Technical Corporation | Fuel conditioning apparatus and method |
| US4173450A (en) * | 1976-03-29 | 1979-11-06 | Allied Energy Corporation | Device for injecting air processed to increase its humidity into oil burning furnaces |
| US4162140A (en) * | 1977-09-26 | 1979-07-24 | John Zink Company | NOx abatement in burning of gaseous or liquid fuels |
| US4244684A (en) * | 1979-06-12 | 1981-01-13 | Carmel Energy, Inc. | Method for controlling corrosion in thermal vapor injection gases |
-
1980
- 1980-07-08 DE DE3025851A patent/DE3025851C2/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-07-03 DE DE8181105171T patent/DE3168027D1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-07-03 AT AT81105171T patent/ATE11076T1/en active
- 1981-07-03 EP EP81105171A patent/EP0043567B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-07-07 CA CA000381267A patent/CA1180537A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-07-07 JP JP56105141A patent/JPS5747109A/en active Granted
- 1981-07-08 US US06/281,309 patent/US4394118A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE64961C (en) * | A. R. SENNETT in Brentford, Middlesex, England | Device for introducing air or air and steam into boiler furnaces | ||
| GB196054A (en) * | 1922-01-11 | 1923-04-11 | Joseph Albert Hill | An improved method of and apparatus for firing the furnaces of steam generators and other furnaces |
| US1563132A (en) * | 1924-07-02 | 1925-11-24 | Wrigley Charles | Combustion accelerator and smoke consumer |
| DE547218C (en) * | 1930-05-31 | 1932-03-21 | Sulzer Ag | Grate firing for steam boilers, in which a steam air mixture is passed under or over the grate |
| DE919188C (en) * | 1949-10-27 | 1954-10-14 | Martin Joh Jos Dr Ing | Device for setting the underwind in grate furnaces with zone division |
| DE1039176B (en) * | 1955-06-04 | 1958-09-18 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | Process for the operation of grate furnaces with zone division |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4467731A (en) * | 1982-08-13 | 1984-08-28 | Kelley Company, Inc. | Steam injection system for an incinerator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3025851C2 (en) | 1982-06-03 |
| US4394118A (en) | 1983-07-19 |
| DE3025851A1 (en) | 1982-01-21 |
| JPH0113001B2 (en) | 1989-03-03 |
| ATE11076T1 (en) | 1985-01-15 |
| JPS5747109A (en) | 1982-03-17 |
| DE3168027D1 (en) | 1985-02-14 |
| CA1180537A (en) | 1985-01-08 |
| EP0043567B1 (en) | 1985-01-02 |
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