EE202300027A - System and method for loading and securing a semi-trailer - Google Patents

Abstract

The system for loading and attaching the semi-trailer 21 to the platform wagon 22 with a track width of 1520 mm consists of a crane for lifting the semi-trailer 21 from the ramp 4 and a cross beam 1, the straps 20 of which are attached to the means of transshipment of the semi-trailer 21 2, 3 with the lower lifting cross beam 3 and two wheel fastening elements for the lower lifting cross beams 2 of the semi-trailer. The lower lifting cross beam 3 of the semi-trailer, which is designed to lock the fixing finger of the semi-trailer saddle, is equipped with an automatic locking mechanism that locks the fixing finger of the semi-trailer saddle and prevents the lower lifting cross beam 3 from being disengaged, and with locking means that fix the semi-trailer to the railway platform car 22 with a gauge of 1520 mm, with the locking devices removably attached to the railway platform car 22 fasteners intended for gripping the lower lifting cross beams 2 of the semi-trailer, the rear wheels of the semi-trailer; and for inserting and locking the lower lifting cross beam 3 of the semi-trailer with the slot recess 16 of the support frame 5 adapted for the lower lifting cross beam 3, the support frame 5 being removably attached to the platform attachment points and therefore not required for the modernization of the railway platform car 22 in the conversion of the car according to the technical characteristics.

Description

 TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention relates to the field of railway transport, in particular to the loading of a semi-trailer onto a platform wagon with a railway gauge of 1520 mm on which the semi-trailer is transported, the loading of the semi-trailer using a loading device and the securing of the semi-trailer after it has been placed on the platform wagon. (B61D 3/00, B61D 47/00, B66C 1/20, B66F 7/00)

STATE OF THE ART

The known state of the art is patent RU2675745 (C1), 24.12.2018. A method for loading a car semi-trailer into a special railway wagon, in which the semi-trailer is placed in a removable basket by a locomobile on support legs that rest on an additional crossbar of the basket, with the wheels of the semi-trailer being placed between the crossbars of the basket. The basket and the semi-trailer are lifted and placed into a special wagon using lifting devices. Here it is locked.

A disadvantage of the present invention is that such a solution requires a special railway carriage, a basket and special lifting equipment.

The closest analogue of the present invention is patent EP1582496, 05.10.2005. Method for moving a semi-trailer and means for carrying out this method, which include lifting the semi-trailer from a ramp, positioning, locking and transporting it, which requires a crane for lifting the semi-trailer from a ramp with straps, fastening means for reloading the semi-trailer, a lifting crossbeam and at least two wheel gripping elements. The present patent covers various variants of fastening the beams together with the semi-trailer to a special railway platform wagon.

A disadvantage of the present invention is that the semi-trailer is reloaded and attached to a pocket (recessed) wagon specifically designed for transporting semi-trailers of trucks.

In Europe, it is common practice to transport bulky semi-trailers on the railway network in special railway freight wagons, called pocket (recessed) wagons. These wagons are designed for a track with a gauge of 1435 mm. However, in Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Ireland, Finland, Portugal and Spain, other railway track standards are more common. In Lithuania, the largest railway network is with a gauge of 1520 mm. There are few special railway wagons for this gauge that are suitable for semi-trailers.

This special semi-trailer loading, securing and transport system has been developed to allow semi-trailers to be loaded and secured onto a 1520 mm gauge railway platform wagon.

ESSENCE OF THE INVENTION

To achieve the said technical effect, a system for loading and securing a semi-trailer from a special ramp onto a 1520 mm track gauge railway platform wagon and a method of using the system are intended, in which the semi-trailer reloading devices consist of separate lifting beams and straps, which, when used together as a set, can be used to reload standard 3-axle (maximum 2 wheels on one axle, wheel dimensions 265/55 R19.5 to 385/65 R22.5), 4-meter high semi-trailers from a special ramp, and more specifically, a lower crossbar for lifting the semi-trailer for securing the fifth wheel coupling finger of the semi-trailer, which has an automatic locking mechanism that locks the fifth wheel coupling finger and prevents the crossbar from uncoupling for lifting the semi-trailer, and lower lifting crossbars for gripping the wheels of the semi-trailer. When the semi-trailer is transferred to a railway platform wagon with a track gauge of 1520 mm, the semi-trailer is secured with a fixing device (removably mounted on the railway platform wagon) using the lower crossbars to lift the semi-trailer and grip the rear wheels of the semi-trailer and to position and secure the lower lifting crossbar with the fixing finger of the fixed semi-trailer fifth wheel. There is a support frame with a slot-recess and this support frame is removably attached to the platform wagon, which therefore does not require modernization or conversion of the wagon according to its technical characteristics.

LIST OF DRAWINGS

Figure 1 - shows a diagram of lifting a semi-trailer from a ramp.

Figure 2 - shows the upper lifting cross member (traverse) of the semi-trailer.

Figure 3 - shows a ramp designed for driving up a locomotive with a semi-trailer.

Figure 4 - shows the lower lifting crossbar of the semi-trailer, which is designed to grip the rear wheels of the semi-trailer.

Figure 5 - shows the lower lifting crossbar of the semi-trailer, which is designed to lock the locking finger of the semi-trailer fifth wheel.

Figure 6 - shows a support frame for the lower lifting cross member of the semi-trailer, for locking the semi-trailer fifth wheel mounting pin, for attaching it to the platform wagon.

Figure 7 shows a semi-trailer attached to a flatbed truck.

Description of reference numbers in the drawings

1 - upper lifting crossbar for lifting the semi-trailer;

2 - lower lifting crossbar for gripping the wheels of the semi-trailer;

3- lower lifting crossbar for locking the semi-trailer fifth wheel mounting pin;

4 - a special ramp for driving a locomotive with a semi-trailer up; 5 - a support frame that is removably mounted on a platform wagon;

6 - slot in the ramp for locking and inserting the lower lifting cross member of the semi-trailer, the fixing finger of the semi-trailer fifth wheel;

6’ - slot - a slot in the ramp for locking and inserting the lower lifting cross member of the semi-trailer, the fixing finger of the semi-trailer fifth wheel;

7 - slot in the ramp for gripping and inserting the lower lifting crossbar, semi-trailer wheels;

8 - frame for the lower lifting crossbar for gripping the wheels of the semi-trailer;

9 - device for gripping wheels;

10 - cover;

11-slot for attaching the semi-trailer fifth wheel coupling pin;

12 - locking device, push-button;

13 - handle;

14 -hole, lock marking;

15 - cavity for attaching the lower lifting cross member, the semi-trailer fifth wheel mounting finger to the support frame;

16 - a slot-recess in the shape of the upper part of the support frame, corresponding to the shape of the lower lifting crossbar for attaching the fixing finger of the semi-trailer fifth wheel;

17 - locking device for securing the lower lifting crossbar, the semi-trailer fifth wheel mounting finger, to the support frame;

18 - strap attachment point for locking the lower lifting cross member of the semi-trailer, the fixing finger of the semi-trailer fifth wheel;

19 - strap attachment point for the lower lifting crossbar, for gripping the wheels of the semi-trailer;

20 - belts;

21 - semi-trailer;

22 - railway platform wagon.

EXAMPLES

The loading and fastening system of the semi-trailer 21 to the railway platform wagon 22 (Figure 7) consists of individual lifting crossbeams 1, 2, 3 (Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 4 and Figure 5) and straps 20, when used as a complete set, the locomotive with the semi-trailer is lifted from a special ramp 4 or ramp (Figure 3) for driving up (at the appropriate places on the ramp 4, slots-recesses 6, 7 for the lower lifting crossbeams 2 and 3 are provided) around standard semi-trailers 21 to a railway platform wagon 22 with a track gauge of 1520 mm, to which the fastening means of the lower lifting crossbeams 2 and 3 are removably attached.

A method for using a loading and securing system for a semi-trailer 21, in which the locomobile and the semi-trailer 21 drive onto a special ramp 4 or ramp (Figure 3) and into a position where all rear axle wheels come into their intended position on the lower lifting crossbeams 2, which are intended to grip the wheels of the semi-trailer (Figure 4) in the slots 7 of the ramp 4. The locomobile leaves the semi-trailer 21 on the ramp 4, then the crane lifts the upper (Figure 1, Figure 2) lifting crossbeam 1 with straps 20, fixes the straps 20 from below to the corresponding lifting crossbeams 2 and 3 (which are located in the slots 6 and 7 of the ramp) and lifts the semi-trailer onto the lower lifting crossbeam 3 so that the fastening finger of the semi-trailer saddle fits into the slot 11 of the lower lifting crossbeam 3 of the semi-trailer saddle for this purpose. An automatic locking mechanism is designed in the slot 11 of the semi-trailer fifth wheel coupling of the lower lifting cross member 3, which locks the semi-trailer fifth wheel coupling and prevents the lower lifting cross member 3 from uncoupling. The locking can be opened manually from both sides of the lifting cross member. The locking can be held in the unlocked position only as long as the semi-trailer presses against the surface of the lower lifting cross member 3 (depressed latches 12 (Fig. 5)). When the semi-trailer moves away from the lower lifting cross member 3, the lock locks automatically and is ready for the next coupling with the semi-trailer fifth wheel coupling. The locking handle 13 is provided with a marking 14 (elongated hole) that provides visual information when the lock is in the unlocked position. To open and lock the lock in the unlocked position, the handle 13 is grasped from either side and pushed sideways, and when the fingers of the latch 12 are pressed down, the lock remains in the open position.

After repositioning the semi-trailer 21, the straps 20 must be unhooked from the lower lifting crossbeams 2 and 3 and the semi-trailer 21 must be fixed on a 1520 mm wide railway platform wagon 22 (Figure 7) using a lock (which is removably attached to the railway platform wagon 22) (Figure 4) and is intended for the lower lifting crossbeams 2 of the semi-trailer to grip the rear wheels of the semi-trailer and (Figure 5) the lower lifting crossbeam 3 of the semi-trailer is placed in the slot fixed in the semi-trailer saddle with the fixing finger 11 in the slot-recess 16 of the support frame 5 (Figure 6). The lower lifting crossbeam 3 is fixed on the support frame 5 on both sides with fasteners 17 and if the support frame 5 is removably attached to the railway platform wagon 22, modernization of the railway platform wagon is not required when rebuilding the wagon according to the technical characteristics.

Unloading is done in the reverse order.

The proposed semi-trailer 21 loading system and the proposed method of its use are not limited to the example presented above, but can also be adapted to other semi-trailer loading applications.

Claims (3)

1. A system for loading and securing a semi-trailer (21) to a 1520 mm track gauge platform wagon (22), comprising a crane for lifting the semi-trailer from a ramp (4) and a crossbeam (1), the straps (20) of which are secured to the semi-trailer reloading means together with a lower lifting crossbeam (3) and at least two wheel fastening elements of the lower crossbeam (2), characterised in that the system comprises a lower lifting crossbeam (3) for locking the fixing finger of the semi-trailer's fifth wheel by means of an automatic locking mechanism, by which the fixing finger of the semi-trailer's fifth wheel is locked and the lower lifting crossbeam (3) is prevented from being disengaged, and wheel locking means on the lower lifting crossbeams (2) for gripping the wheels of the semi-trailer; from a semi-trailer lifted from a ramp onto a railway platform wagon (22) with a track gauge of 1520 mm, fastening means with locking devices removably attached to the railway (platform wagon (22)) intended for gripping the lower lifting crossbeams (2) of the semi-trailer, the rear wheels of the semi-trailer; and for inserting and locking the lower lifting crossbeam (3) of the semi-trailer with a socket recess (16) of the support frame (5) adapted for the lower lifting crossbeam (3), wherein the support frame (5) is removably attached to the attachment points of the platform. 2. Method for loading and securing a semi-trailer (21) onto a 1520 mm track gauge platform wagon (22), in which case the semi-trailer is placed on a ramp (4) with a locomotive, the lower lifting crossbeams (2, 3) of the semi-trailer are placed in the slots (6, 7) of which, whereby all rear axle wheels are placed in the designated places on the lower lifting crossbeams (2) so that the wheels of the semi-trailer are engaged, then the upper lifting crossbeam (1) is lifted with a crane together with the straps (20) and the straps (20) are fixed from below to the corresponding lower lifting crossbeams (2) and (3) and the lower lifting crossbeam of the semi-trailer (3) is lifted so that the fastening finger of the semi-trailer saddle fits into the socket 11 of the lower lifting crossbeam 3 of the semi-trailer saddle for this purpose, which differs in that when the semi-trailer is lifted from the ramp (4), the lower lifting crossbeam (3) is locked in the slot (11) of the semi-trailer fifth wheel coupling with the designed automatic locking mechanism and the lower lifting crossbeam 3 is prevented from uncoupling and when the semi-trailer is moved and lowered onto a 1520 mm track gauge platform wagon (22), the wheels are locked together with the lower lifting crossbeams (2) of the semi-trailer and the lower lifting crossbeam (3) is inserted into the slot recess (16) of the support frame (5) and locked on both sides by means of latches (17). 3. Method for using a semi-trailer loading and securing system for a 1520 mm track gauge platform wagon (22) according to claim 2, characterized in that the locking of the semi-trailer fifth wheel coupling, which is locked into the socket (11) of the semi-trailer fifth wheel coupling of the lower lifting cross member (3), can be opened from both sides with a handle (13), and wherein the locking is in the unlocked position only as long as the semi-trailer presses the pressing fingers (12) of the semi-trailer fifth wheel coupling of the lower lifting cross member (3); when the semi-trailer is moving away from the lower lifting crossbar (3), the lock is automatically locked and the lower lifting crossbar (3) is ready for the next coupling with the semi-trailer fifth wheel coupling finger, when the locking handle (13) is provided with a marking (14) (elongated hole) which provides visual information when the lock is in the unlocked position and to open the lock and lock it in the unlocked position, the handle (13) is grasped on the side on which the semi-trailer fifth wheel coupling finger (14) is pressed down and pushed sideways, and when the fingers of the latch (12) are pressed down, the lock remains in the open position.