EE01504U1

EE01504U1 - Device for fixing the kingpin of a semi-trailer to the platform car

Info

Publication number: EE01504U1
Application number: EEU201900035U
Authority: EE
Inventors: Roman Vdovin
Original assignee: Ivanov Vladimir Vladimirovich
Priority date: 2018-09-11
Filing date: 2019-06-18
Publication date: 2020-08-17
Also published as: RU2675749C1; LT2019004A; LT6644B

Abstract

Kasulik mudel käsitleb seadet autopoolhaagise veopoldi kinnitamiseks platvormvagunile, millega seda veetakse. Seade autopoolhaagise veopoldi kinnitamiseks platvormvagunile sisaldab sadulseadet, mehaanilise ülekandega ajamit ning klappkatet korpuse ja liikuva osa kaitseks välismõjude eest, kusjuures sadulseade koosneb omakorda liikuvast osast, mis on varustatud poolhaagise veopoldi kinnitusmehhanismiga, millega välditakse poolhaagise veopoldi vertikaalset nihkumist transpordi ajal, võttes arvesse, et poolhaagise veopoldi võimalik kõrvalekalle vaguni pikiteljest võib laadimise ajal olla kummaski suunas 0 kuni 190 mm, ja liikumatust osast, mis koosneb platvormvaguni raamile kinnitatud alusest ja sellele pööratavalt kinnitatud korpusest, kusjuures liikuv osa on konstrueeritud liikuvana pikisuunas mööda sadulseadme liikumatu osa pinda kummalegi poole vahemikus 0 kuni 350 mm, seejuures on liikuva ja liikumatu osa kontaktpinnad valmistatud üliväikese hõõrdeteguriga materjalidest. Kasuliku mudeli tehniline väljund on konstruktsiooni lihtsustumine, töökindluse suurenemine, autopoolhaagiste laadimise aja lühenemine ja töömahukuse vähenemine.A useful model relates to a device for attaching a towing bolt of a car semi-trailer to a platform wagon carrying it. The device for attaching a car semi-trailer drawbar to a platform wagon comprises a fifth wheel, a mechanical transmission and a flap cover to protect the body and moving part from external influences, the saddle comprising a moving part provided the possible deviation from the longitudinal axis of the wagon may be 0 to 190 mm in either direction during loading, and a fixed part consisting of a base attached to the frame wagon frame and a body rotatably attached thereto, the movable part being designed longitudinally along the surface of the fixed part , wherein the contact surfaces of the movable and immovable parts are made of materials with a very low coefficient of friction. The technical output of the utility model is simplification of construction, increased reliability, shorter loading times for car semi-trailers and reduced labor intensity.

Description

Kasulik mudel käsitleb raudteetranspordi valdkonda, eelkõige seadmeid autopoolhaagise veopoldi kinnitamiseks platvormvagunile, millega seda veetakse. The utility model relates to the field of railway transport, in particular to devices for attaching the drawbar of a semi-trailer to the platform wagon on which it is transported.

Autopoolhaagise esiosa kinnitamiseks poolhaagise saatjata vedamisel raudteeplatvormvagunitel kasutatakse eriseadmeid, mis kinnitavad poolhaagise veopoldi selle nihkumise vältimiseks, seejuures kannavad need seadmed ka poolhaagise esiosa vertikaalset koormust. To secure the front of a semi-trailer when transporting the semi-trailer without an escort on railway platform wagons, special devices are used that secure the semi-trailer's drawbar to prevent it from shifting, and these devices also carry the vertical load on the front of the semi-trailer.

Tehnika tasemest on tuntud kinnitussõlm, mis võimaldab täisautomaatset tsentreerimist ja ühendusveopoldi automaatset kinnitust poolhaagise soonega, mis sisaldab eemaldatavat lukustusmehhanismiga ülemist osa, korvi, millesse mahub eemaldatav ülemine osa ja millel on kokkupandavad liikuvad elemendid automaatseks tsentreerimiseks, Vene patent nr 2461478, B61D 3/18, B61D 45/00, avald 20.09.2012. A fastening unit is known from the prior art, which enables fully automatic centering and automatic fastening of the coupling pin with the groove of the semi-trailer, which includes a removable upper part with a locking mechanism, a basket in which the removable upper part fits and which has foldable moving elements for automatic centering, Russian patent No. 2461478, B61D 3/18, B61D 45/00, published 20.09.2012.

Selle tehnilise lahenduse puudus on poolhaagise laadimisele kuluva aja pikenemine ja tööjõukulude suurenemine, kuna poolhaagise veopoldile on vaja paigaldada eemaldatavad lisaosad. The disadvantage of this technical solution is the increase in the time required to load the semi-trailer and the increase in labor costs, as it is necessary to install additional removable parts on the semi-trailer's towbar.

Nõueldava kasuliku mudeli lähim tehniline lahendus on külgmise isetsentreerimisega tugiseade, mis sisaldab liikuva raamiga ja vastuvõturuumiga kelku, mida liigutatakse vertikaalselt tõstemehhanismiga ja mis on paigutatud külgõõtsumise ja selle mõju suhtes püsivalt, ja korpust, mis on paigutatud haakevardale ja millel on välised külgservad, mis on vastasmõjus liikuva raami pöörlevate elementidega, et tagada isetsentreerimise ja kinnitumise efekt, Vene patent nr 2394711, B61D 3/18, avaldatud 20.07.2010. The closest technical solution to the claimed utility model is a lateral self-centering support device, which includes a carriage with a movable frame and a receiving space, which is moved vertically by a lifting mechanism and is arranged in a fixed manner with respect to lateral sway and its effects, and a housing arranged on a coupling rod and having external side edges that interact with the rotating elements of the movable frame to ensure the self-centering and fastening effect, Russian Patent No. 2394711, B61D 3/18, published on 20.07.2010.

Selle tehnilise lahenduse puudus on konstruktsiooni valmistamise suur keerukus ja tugiseadme kahjustamise võimalus kasutamise ajal, kuna puudub sujuv reguleerimine pikisuunas, mis on vajalik kokkupõrgetest tulenevate poolhaagise pikisuunaliste nihete kompenseerimiseks. The disadvantage of this technical solution is the high complexity of manufacturing the structure and the possibility of damaging the support device during use, since there is no smooth adjustment in the longitudinal direction, which is necessary to compensate for longitudinal displacements of the semi-trailer resulting from collisions.

Nõueldava kasuliku mudeli tehniline väljund on konstruktsiooni lihtsustamine, töökindluse suurenemine, autopoolhaagiste laadimisaja lühenemine ja töömahukuse The technical output of the claimed utility model is simplification of the structure, increased reliability, reduction of loading time of semi-trailers and reduction of labor intensity.

vähenemine. decrease.

See tehniline väljund tagatakse sellega, et autopoolhaagise veopoldi kinnitusseade platvormvagunil koosneb sadulseadmest, ajamist ja klappkattest, mis kaitseb korpust ja liikuvat osa välismõjude eest. Sadulseade koosneb omakorda liikuvast osast, mis on ette nähtud autopoolhaagise veopoldi paigutamiseks ja kinnitamiseks ning mis on varustatud mehhanismiga poolhaagise veopoldi kinnitamiseks vertikaalse nihkumise vältimiseks transpordi ajal, võttes arvesse, et poolhaagise veopoldi võimalik kõrvalekalle vaguni pikiteljest võib laadimise ajal olla kummaski suunas 0 kuni 190 mm, ja liikumatust osast, mis on ette nähtud liikuva osa paigutamiseks ja vertikaalse koormuse ülekandmiseks platvormvaguni raamile ja mis koosneb platvormvaguni raamile kinnitatud alusest ja sellega pööratavalt ühendatud korpusest, mis võimaldab korpust kallutada ette/taha, et võimaldada poolhaagiseid paigutada erinevate kaldenurkade all. Liikuv osa on konstrueeritud liikuvana pikisuunas mööda sadulseadme liikumatu osa pinda vahemikus 0 kuni 350 mm kummalegi poole, seejuures on liikuva ja liikumatu osa kontaktpinnad valmistatud üliväikese hõõrdeteguriga materjalidest. This technical output is ensured by the fact that the device for securing the drawbar of a semi-trailer on a flatbed wagon consists of a fifth wheel, a drive and a flap cover that protects the housing and the moving part from external influences. The fifth wheel in turn consists of a moving part intended for placing and securing the drawbar of a semi-trailer and which is equipped with a mechanism for securing the drawbar of the semi-trailer to prevent vertical displacement during transport, taking into account that the possible deviation of the drawbar of the semi-trailer from the longitudinal axis of the wagon during loading can be from 0 to 190 mm in either direction, and a stationary part intended for placing the moving part and transferring the vertical load to the frame of the flatbed wagon and which consists of a base attached to the frame of the flatbed wagon and a housing rotatably connected thereto, which allows the housing to be tilted forward/backward to allow semi-trailers to be placed at different angles of inclination. The moving part is designed to move longitudinally along the surface of the stationary part of the fifth wheel coupling between 0 and 350 mm in either direction, with the contact surfaces of the moving and stationary parts being made of materials with an extremely low coefficient of friction.

Erijuhul on poolhaagise veopoldi kinnitusmehhanism vedrustatud ja konfigureeritud nii, et see rakendub käepidemest tõmbamise või lükkamisega platvormvaguni pikitelje suhtes kummaltki poolt. Ajam on ette nähtud liikuva osa asendi sujuvaks reguleerimiseks liikumatu osa suhtes, et tagada erinevate pikkustega poolhaagiste laadimine ja poolhaagiste põrgetest tingitud pikisuunaliste nihete kompenseerimine, ja koosneb kahest käsirattast ja mehaanilisest ülekandest. In a special case, the semi-trailer drawbar fastening mechanism is spring-loaded and configured so that it is activated by pulling or pushing the handle from either side relative to the longitudinal axis of the platform wagon. The drive is designed to smoothly adjust the position of the moving part relative to the stationary part to ensure the loading of semi-trailers of different lengths and to compensate for longitudinal displacements caused by impacts of the semi-trailers, and consists of two handwheels and a mechanical transmission.

Pakutavat kasulikku mudelit on kirjeldatud jooniste varal, kus joonisel fig 1 on kujutatud platvormvaguni autopoolhaagise veopoldi kinnitusseadme üldvaadet; joonisel fig 2 on kujutatud sadulseadet; joonisel fig 3 on kujutatud sadulseadme liikuvat osa; joonisel fig 4 on kujutatud sadulseadme liikumatut osa. The proposed utility model is described with reference to the drawings, where Figure 1 shows a general view of the hitch fastening device of a flatbed semi-trailer; Figure 2 shows the fifth wheel; Figure 3 shows the moving part of the fifth wheel; Figure 4 shows the stationary part of the fifth wheel.

Seade autopoolhaagise veopoldi kinnitamiseks transportimisel platvormvagunil (joonis fig 1) sisaldab sadulseadet 1, ajamit 2 ja klappkatet 3. The device for securing the drawbar of a semi-trailer during transportation on a platform wagon (Figure 1) includes a fifth wheel device 1, a drive 2 and a hinged cover 3.

Sadulseade 1 (joonis fig 2) koosneb liikuvast osast 4 ja liikumatust osast 5. Liikuv osa (joonis fig 3) sisaldab metallist korpust 6 koos selle külge kinnitatud katteplaadiga 7, mis on valmistatud üliväikese hõõrdeteguriga polümeerist, ja poolhaagise veopoldi The fifth wheel coupling 1 (Fig. 2) consists of a moving part 4 and a stationary part 5. The moving part (Fig. 3) includes a metal housing 6 with a cover plate 7 attached thereto, which is made of a polymer with an extremely low friction coefficient, and a semi-trailer towing pin

kinnitusmehhanismi 8, mis koosneb kahvlist 9, millel on pilu poolhaagise veopoldikoonuse paigutamiseks ja haaramiseks, kahvli liikumispiirikust 10 ja kahvli mõlemale poolele keevitatud käepidemetest 11. Liikuva osa korpuses 6 ja plaadis 7 on poolhaagise veopoldi paigutamiseks ette nähtud pilukujuline ava. Liikumatu osa (joonis fig 4) koosneb omakorda metallkorpusest 12, millele on kruvidega kinnitatud üliväikese hõõrdeteguriga polümeerist katteplaat 13, ja alusest 14, mis on lahtivõetavate ühendustega kinnitatud platvormvaguni raami külge. Seejuures on sadulseadme liikumatu osa korpus 12 ja alus 14 ühendatud pööratavalt, mis võimaldab korpusel 12 pöörduda aluse 14 suhtes nurga võrra, mida piiravad summutavad kummielemendid 15. the fastening mechanism 8, which consists of a fork 9, which has a slot for placing and gripping the semi-trailer's drawbar cone, a fork movement limiter 10 and handles 11 welded to both sides of the fork. The housing 6 of the moving part and the plate 7 have a slot-shaped opening for placing the semi-trailer's drawbar. The stationary part (Fig. 4) in turn consists of a metal housing 12, to which a polymer cover plate 13 with an extremely low friction coefficient is attached with screws, and a base 14, which is attached to the frame of the platform wagon with detachable connections. In this case, the housing 12 and the base 14 of the stationary part of the fifth wheel device are rotatably connected, which allows the housing 12 to rotate relative to the base 14 by an angle limited by damping rubber elements 15.

Ajam 2 (joonis fig 1) koosneb kahest käsirattast 16, mis on ühendatud teljega 17 ja viidud välja platvormvaguni raami külgtaladele, ja mehaanilisest ülekandest 18. The drive 2 (Fig. 1) consists of two handwheels 16, connected to an axle 17 and brought out to the side beams of the platform wagon frame, and a mechanical transmission 18.

Veopoldi kinnitusseade autopoolhaagise transpordiks platvormvagunil on mustuse ja sademete sadulseadmesse 1 sattumise vältimiseks varustatud spetsiaalse klappkattega 3, mis tühja vaguni liikumisel on suletud pingutuslukkudega ja poolhaagise vedamisel on lahtises asendis ning sulgumise eest kaitstud klambritega. The drawbar fastening device for transporting a semi-trailer on a flatbed wagon is equipped with a special flap cover 3 to prevent dirt and precipitation from entering the fifth wheel coupling 1, which is closed with tension locks when the empty wagon is moving and is in the open position and protected from closing by clamps when the semi-trailer is being towed.

Autopoolhaagise veopoldi kinnitusseade platvormvaguni raamil toimib järgmiselt. The attachment device for the tow pin of a semi-trailer on the frame of a flatbed truck works as follows.

Enne autopoolhaagise laadimist platvormvagunile tuleb klappkate 3 üles tõsta ja kinnitada sulgumise vältimiseks klambritega. Seejärel tuleb sadulseadme 1 liikuv osa 4 lahutada sadulseadme liikumatust osast 5. Käepidet 11 tuleb tõmmata või lükata (olenevalt sellest, millisel pool vagunist asub teenindav personal), ületades poolhaagise veopoldi kinnitusmehhanismi 8 vedru takistust, siis lahtitõmmatud vedru korral kinnitada käepide 11 vastava käepideme fiksaatori ühele platvormvaguni raamile keevitatud kinnitussangale paigutamise teel. Pärast poolhaagise paigutamist platvormvaguni kohale liigutada ühe ajami 2 käsiratta 16 keeramisega sadulseadme 1 liikuv osa 4 poolhaagise veopoldi alla nii, et poolhaagise veopoldi telg paikneb liikuva osa 4 soone kohal. Langetada poolhaagis sadulseadmele ja pärast poolhaagise paigutamist sadulseadmele eemaldada käepideme 11 fiksaator vastavalt kinnitussangalt. Poolhaagise veopoldi kinnitusmehhanismi 8 vedru toimel nihkuvad käepidemed 11 ja veopolt kinnitub kahvliga 9 sadulseadme 1 sisse. Seejärel on vaja kontrollida poolhaagise veopoldi kinnitust järgmisel viisil. Kui vedru on täielikult välja tõmmatud, toetub üks käepidemetest 11 vastu juhikut ja teine käepide Before loading the semi-trailer onto the platform wagon, the flap cover 3 must be lifted up and secured with clamps to prevent it from closing. Then, the moving part 4 of the fifth wheel 1 must be separated from the stationary part 5 of the fifth wheel. The handle 11 must be pulled or pushed (depending on which side of the wagon the service personnel is on), overcoming the resistance of the spring of the semi-trailer tow bolt fastening mechanism 8, then, with the spring unwound, secure the handle 11 by placing the corresponding handle retainer on one of the fastening brackets welded to the frame of the platform wagon. After placing the semi-trailer onto the platform wagon, move the moving part 4 of the fifth wheel 1 under the tow bolt of the semi-trailer by turning the handwheel 16 of one of the drives 2 so that the axis of the tow bolt of the semi-trailer is located above the groove of the moving part 4. Lower the semi-trailer onto the fifth wheel and, after placing the semi-trailer onto the fifth wheel, remove the handle retainer 11 from the corresponding fastening bracket. The spring of the semi-trailer hitch pin fastening mechanism 8 moves the handles 11 and the hitch pin is secured with the fork 9 in the fifth wheel coupling 1. Then it is necessary to check the fastening of the semi-trailer hitch pin in the following way. When the spring is fully extended, one of the handles 11 rests against the guide and the other handle

ulatub juhikust välja. Poolhaagise veopoldi lahtihaakimise ja sadulseadme 1 tööasendist väljaviimise toimingud tuleb teha vastupidises järjestuses. The operations of uncoupling the semi-trailer towing pin and moving the fifth wheel 1 out of the working position must be performed in the reverse order.

Seega võimaldab nõueldav kasulik mudel koos oma kõigi oluliste omaduste kogumiga lihtsustada konstruktsiooni, suurendada töökindlust, lühendada autopoolhaagiste laadimise aega ja vähendada töömahukust. Thus, the claimed utility model, with its set of all essential features, allows simplifying the design, increasing reliability, shortening the loading time of semi-trailers, and reducing labor intensity.

Tööstuslik rakendatavus. Industrial applicability.

Pakutav tehniline lahendus on saadud tööstuslikult valmistatud seadmete ja materjalide kasutamisega, seda saab koostada mis tahes masinaehitusettevõttes ja see on laialdaselt rakendatav raudteetranspordi valdkonnas. The proposed technical solution is obtained by using industrially manufactured equipment and materials, can be assembled at any mechanical engineering company and is widely applicable in the field of railway transport.

Claims

1. Device for fastening the drawbar of a semi-trailer to a flatbed wagon, characterized in that it comprises a fifth wheel coupling (1), a drive (2) with a mechanical transmission (18) and a hinged cover (3) for protecting the housing and the movable part from external influences, wherein the fifth wheel coupling (1) in turn consists of a movable part (4) comprising a spring-loaded fastening mechanism (8) equipped with a handle, which prevents the vertical displacement of the semi-trailer drawbar during transport, taking into account that the possible deviation of the semi-trailer drawbar from the longitudinal axis of the wagon during loading can be 0 to 190 mm in either direction, and a stationary part (5) consisting of a base (14) attached to the frame of the flatbed wagon and a housing (12) rotatably attached thereto, wherein the movable part (4) is designed to move longitudinally along the surface of the stationary part (5) of the fifth wheel coupling (1) to either side in the range of 0 to 350 mm, wherein the movable (4) and stationary (5) part of the contact surfaces made of polymer material.

2. A device for attaching a semi-trailer towbar to a flatbed truck according to claim 1, characterized in that the semi-trailer towbar fastening mechanism (8) is operable by pulling or pushing a handle from either side of the longitudinal axis of the flatbed truck.