EA028166B1 - Support slider - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is related to railway transport, in particular, to sliders of freight car trucks. The objective is higher reliability of the support slider. The support slider (Fig. 1) includes a damper arranged between its body 1 and a movable cover 2, the damper being positioned on the bottom 3 of the body and made as a metal compression spring 12; at least one guide 16 provided at least with a support pad 15 is inserted in the spring, the end of the guide disposed also inside the spring opening being able to restrict the movable cover movement. The damper further includes at least one elastomeric disk 18 in contact with the guide, at least one end of the disk having a convex surface. The convex surface of the elastomeric disk is formed by a continuous cylindrical shoulder, or by elongated prisms arranged in parallel, or by an array of shortened prisms rows, or by concentrically disposed rings, or by shortened cylinders arranged over the circumference and in the centre. Various arrangements of the metal spring and the elastic disk are possible. The convex cover may be disposed on the convex surface of one end of the elastic disk, the convex surface of its other end is disposed on an intermediate plate disposed on the metal spring, and the support pad of the guide is located on the convex surface on one end of the other elastic disk, the convex surface of its other end being disposed on the body bottom. The movable cover may be disposed on the convex surface of one end of the elastic disk having its other end positioned on the support pad of the guide; in this case, the other guide is inserted inside the metal spring, its support pad being disposed on the convex surface of one end of the other elastic disk having the convex surface of its other end disposed on the body bottom.

Description

The invention relates to railway transport, in particular to the side bearings of freight carriages.

Known previously widespread support slide [1, patent I8 3748001, IPC B61P5 / 14, priority 11/17/1971, published 07/24/1973], comprising a damper located between the housing and the movable cover, made in the form of a twisted metal spring.

The disadvantages of such a supporting side bearing are: its insufficient stroke during compression, as well as the inability to select an additional stroke under excessive loads, until the spring turns close. Therefore, there is a possibility of closing the body and the cap of the supporting side bearing with the maximum possible compression of the spring, which can lead to breakdown of both the supporting side bearing and its installation elements, and even cause damage to the wagon trolley.

These drawbacks of the analogue [1] are eliminated in the reference slide [2, patent KI 2370388, IPC В61Р5 / 14, priority July 19, 2007, published January 27, 2009], adopted as a prototype of the invention. Such a support slide comprises a damper made between an external housing and a movable cover in the form of an external twisted metal spring and an internal twisted metal spring. As a result, there is the possibility of a larger stroke of the support side bearing during compression, as well as the possibility of sampling an additional stroke at excessive loads, until the spring turns close. Such requirements set modern standards. Moreover, at the maximum possible compression, the case and the cap of the side bearing do not close. This is required in order to make the probability of destruction of costly body parts to be minimized under significant loads.

However, a disadvantage of the known analogue is that with full compression of the springs, mutual deformation of their turns is still possible, since with a possible further compression of the springs, the slider works like a solid. Work in such modes, usually cyclic, due to the movement of the composition, leads to deformation of the springs, to a deterioration in their elastic properties, as well as to destruction, which is most likely at critically low temperatures, leading to embrittlement of the material of the springs.

The objective of the invention is to obtain a technical result for the development of a support side bearing with such a damper that would be able to work with increased strokes of the movable cover, which can absorb significant loads, without compromising the elastic properties of the damper, as well as without destroying it, which will improve the reliability of the supporting side bearing.

The problem is solved in that the supporting slide, containing a damper between its body and the movable cover, located on the bottom of the body and made in the form of a metal compression spring, inside of which at least one guide is provided, equipped with a support platform, the end of which is also located in the hole inside the spring , made with the possibility of limiting the stroke of the movable cover, has distinctive features: the damper further comprises at least one elastic disk in contact with the guide ukloy surface in its at least one end.

Introduction to the design of at least one elastic disk will improve the reliability of the support side bearing due to the redistribution of shock from a metal spring to this disk.

Contacting the elastic disk with the guide will allow you to distinguish between the two elements of the damper rigid support to ensure the sequence of their deformation under emerging loads, which will increase the working stroke of the movable cover.

The implementation of the convex surface in at least one end of the elastic disk will further increase the working stroke of the movable cover and create a damper that is able to work with multiple moves of the movable cover, which takes up significant loads, without closing it and the bearing side housing. This prevents their destruction during operation.

The above-mentioned effects are aimed at improving the reliability of the support side bearing without compromising the elastic properties of its damper, as well as maintaining the integrity of the elements of the supporting side bearing under significant stresses on it, including at low temperatures.

Additional features of the invention:

the convex surface of the elastic disk is formed either by a continuous cylindrical collar, or parallel to the elongated prisms, or an array of rows of shortened prisms, or concentrically arranged rings, or shortened cylinders located around the circumference and in its center;

a movable cover is located on the metal spring, and the supporting platform of the guide is located on the convex surface of one end of the elastic disk, the convex surface of the other end of which is located on the intermediate plate, which is located on the convex surface of one end of the other elastic disk, the convex surface of the other end of which is located on the bottom of the body ;

a metal spring is located on the bottom of the case, and on the bearing platform of the guide there is a convex surface of one end of the elastic disk, on the convex surface of the other end of which there is an intermediate plate on which the convex surface of one end of the other elastic disk is located, on the convex surface of the other end which is the movable cover;

the movable cover is located on the convex surface of one end of the elastic disk, the convex surface of the other end of which is located on the intermediate plate, which is located on a metal spring, and the supporting platform guide is located on the convex surface of one end of the other elastic disk, the convex surface of the other end of which is located on the bottom of the body ;

the movable cover is located on the convex surface of one end of the elastic disk, the convex surface of the other end of which is located on the supporting area of the guide, while another guide is inserted inside the metal spring, the supporting platform of which is located on the convex surface of one end of the other elastic disk, the convex surface of the other end of which is located on the bottom of the case.

The invention is illustrated by illustrations, where in FIG. 1-3, 4-6, 7-9, 10-12, the initial, intermediate and final positions of the supporting side bearing are shown, respectively, for four variants of its execution; in FIG. 13 shows a different arrangement of the housing and the movable cover of the support side bearing than the embodiment of FIG. 1, 4, 7, 10; in FIG. 14-18 show embodiments of the convex surface of the elastic disk of the supporting side bearing; in FIG. 19 shows a diagram of the installation of the finished product of the supporting side bearing in the trolley of a railway carriage; in FIG. 20 is a plan view A from FIG. nineteen; in FIG. 21 is the same as in FIG. 19, but when making a turn of the cart of a railway carriage; in FIG. 22 is a plan view B of FIG. 21.

The reference slide (Fig. 1-12) comprises a housing 1 and a movable cover 2 enclosing it or located therein (Fig. 13). Between the bottom 3 of the housing 1 and the bottom 4 of the movable cover 2 is a damper 5.

The movable cover 2 is made in the form of an inverted glass, the outer surface of the bottom 4 of which is equipped with a friction lining 6, on which the plate 37 can slide (Fig. 19-21). The sidewall 7 of the movable cover 2 is provided with a polymer insert 8 in contact with the sidewall 9 of the housing 1, which is equipped with pads 10 with mounting holes 11 for connecting (not shown) the supporting side with the body of the pressure beam of the wagon carriage (not shown).

The damper 5 is made in the form of a package of parts, which includes a metal spring 12, into the inner cavity 13 of which is inserted a guide 16 provided with a supporting platform 15, an end face 17 of which, also located in the cavity 13 of the spring 12, is designed to limit the stroke b (Fig. 1 , 4, 7, 10) of the movable cover 2.

A metal spring can be made of ordinary round wire, of wire of cross-section, and can also be wave, ring or other type that satisfies the specified characteristics of the side.

The damper 5 also contains an elastic disk 18 in contact with the guide 16 with a convex surface 19 in one of its ends or in two (as shown). Such convex surfaces 19 are necessary to give the movable cover 2 an additional stroke H (FIG. 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12) after it has passed its working stroke b (FIG. 1, 4, 7, 10) .

The convex surface 19 of the elastic disk 18 can be formed either by a continuous cylindrical flange 20 (Fig. 14), or parallel to elongated prisms 21 (Fig. 15), or concentrically arranged rings 22 (Fig. 16), or an array of rows of shortened prisms 23 ( Fig. 17), or shortened cylinders 24 located around the circumference and in its center (Fig. 18).

In an embodiment of the side bearing (Figs. 1-3), the movable cover 4 can be located on the spring 12. Moreover, the supporting platform 15 of the guide 16 is located on the convex surface 19 of one end of the elastic disk 18, the convex surface 19 of the other end of which is located on the intermediate plate 25, which is located on the convex surface 19 of one end of the other elastic disk 26, the convex surface 19 of the other end of which is located on the bottom 3 of the housing 1.

In an embodiment of the side bearing (Fig. 4-6), the spring 12 is located on the bottom 3 of the housing 1, and on the supporting platform 15 of the guide 16 there is a convex surface 19 of one end of the elastic disk 18, on the convex surface 19 of the other end of which an intermediate plate 25 is located, which is the convex surface 19 of one end of the other elastic disk 26, on the convex surface 19 of the other end of which is located a movable cover 2.

In an embodiment of the side bearing (Fig. 7-9), the movable cover 2 is located on the convex surface 19 of one end of the elastic disk 18, the convex surface 19 of the other end of which is located on the intermediate plate 25, which is located on the spring 12, and the supporting platform 15 of the guide 16 is located on the convex surface 19 of one end of the other elastic disk 26, the convex surface of the other end of which is located on the bottom 3 of the housing 1.

In an embodiment of the side bearing (Fig. 10-11), the movable cover 2 is located on the convex surface 19 of one end of the elastic disk 18, the convex surface 19 of the other end of which is located on the supporting platform 15 of the guide 16. In this case, another guide 27 is inserted into the cavity 13 of the spring 12 , the supporting platform 28 which is located on the convex surface 19 of one

- 2 028166 of the end face of another elastic disk 26, the convex surface 19 of the other end of which is located on the bottom 3 of the housing 1.

The range of the stroke L is set for a certain type of car by the distance from the inner bottom 4 of the movable cover 3 (Fig. 1), or the bottom 6 of the housing 5 (Fig. 1-12) to the upper (Fig. 1) or lower (Fig. 1-12 ) of the end face 17 of the metal stop 2. For a specific stroke b, a metal spring 12 is designed with the required power characteristic having a final force of about 50 kN. It is possible to use several metal springs of different diameters (not shown), which are installed concentrically one inside the other.

A variant of the mutual arrangement of the housing 1 and the movable cover 2 of the finished product of the supporting side bearing 29, other than the options shown in FIG. 1-12, in which the movable cover 2 covers the housing 1. The movable cover 2 may be located inside the housing 1 on its polymer insert 8 (Fig. 13).

Depending on the required characteristics of the side bearing, it is possible to use a damper design without a guide, when the type of spring and its parameters are calibrated so that when the spring is compressed until its coils completely close, it provides the required properties. In this case, the construction shown in FIG. 23-25. With such a damper device, it is especially useful to use coil springs from rectangular wire or wave springs, but round springs can also be used.

The assembled structure of the above elements with various options is a finished product of the supporting side bearing 29.

Such products are installed (Fig. 19, 20) on the nadressornoj beam 30 of the trolley 31, consisting generally of wheelsets with semiconical wheels 32 located on the rails 33, and spring nodes 34. Finished products of the supporting side bearing 29 are designed to control the wobble of the railway building 35 the car when it is rotated (Fig. 21, 22). Housing 35 of the railway carriage through thrust bearings 36 is mounted on the nadressornoj beam 30 of the trolley 31 and through the plate 37 on the finished products of the supporting side bearing 29.

When the semiconical wheels 32 of the carriage 31 of the railway carriage move along the railway track, a rotation of the axis of the carriage 31 of the railway carriage in the horizontal plane is created (FIG. 22). When the trolley 31 rotates in a horizontal plane, then part of one of the finished products of the support side bearing 29 must slide along the back side of the wear-compensating plate 37 by a distance a, which is connected with the beam (not shown) of the railway car body 35 resting on the thrust bearing 36. The resulting friction creates opposite torque, which prevents the specified rotation in the horizontal plane.

Another objective of the finished products of the supporting side bearing 29 of the trolley 31 of the railway carriage is to control or restrict the movement of the roll of its body 35, which occurs as a result of swaying during movement and the action of external forces. Leaning against the bearings 36, the rail car body 35 constantly swings from side to side, compressing and relaxing the finished products of the support side bearing 29. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 21 to the roll of the hull 35 of the railway carriage, the corresponding finished product of the supporting side bearing 29 exerts a compressive force while compressing L, preventing the lateral roll of the hull 35 of the railway carriage to reach a critical value at which it can tip over.

While the trolley 31 makes various movements, the friction lining 6 (Fig. 1-12) of the movable cover 2 of each finished product 29 of the supporting side bearing (Fig. 21) interacts with the plate 37 of the housing 35 of the railway carriage, resting against it and / or making sliding movement on its bottom surface. At the same time, with its bottom 4 (Fig. 2, 5, 8, 11), the movable cover 2 exerts pressure on the metal spring 12, or directly on it (Fig. 1-12), or through a bunch of elements 26, 25 located in series in the reference slide , 18, 15 (Fig. 5), or through a similar bunch of elements 18, 25 (Fig. 8), or through a similar bunch of elements 18, 15 (Fig. 11). Due to this, a part of the load transferred from the plates 37 (Fig. 21, 22) to the finished products of the supporting side bearings 29 in the range of the b stroke (Figs. 1, 4, 7, 10) of their movable cover 2 is extinguished. work with significant working strokes L, up to 20 mm and more, with a perceived load of 50 kN, depending on the type of railway carriage. At the same time, it remains possible for movable cover 2 to make an additional stroke N. Due to the limitation of the maximum compression, the metal spring does not fully close under any loads, i.e. mutual deformations of its coils are excluded, which positively affects its long-term use.

When the spring coils are closed in the prototype structure, the slider behaves as a solid under the further action of the load, and is only able to rigidly transfer the impact from the car body to the overpressor beam. In the construction according to the invention, exceeding the maximum allowable load values leads to intensive compression of the elastic disks, which do not allow hard impact, since the material of the elastic disks has the ability to compress, not allowing the metal to plastically deform. For this reason, in contrast to the prototype, it is possible to use a damper design consisting of a metal spring with both a guide restricting the stroke (Fig. 1-12) and without it (Fig. 13-25).

With increased loads and exceeding the pre-established stroke L of the movable cover 2, when either the bottom 4 of the movable cover 2 closes with the end face 17 of the guide 16 (Fig. 2), or the end face 17 of the guide 16 - with the bottom 3 of the housing 1 (Fig. 5), or the intermediate plate 25 - with the end face 17 of the guide 16 (Fig. 8), or the ends 17 of the guides 16 and 27 (Fig. 11), then the elastic disks 18 and 26 of the supporting side bearing 9 are deformed (Fig. 3, 6, 9, 12) and the convex surfaces 19 are completely immersed in them (Figs. 13-17). As a result, the contact areas of the elastic disks 18 and 26 with the corresponding elements of the supporting side bearing are increased. Due to this, the load coming to the reference slide becomes more dispersed. As a result, the pressure on it from the side of the hull 35 (Fig. 19-22) of the railway carriage decreases. The reference slider is able to work with an additional stroke N (Fig. 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12), equal to about 20 mm, withstanding a load of up to 600 kN. Moreover, with such characteristics, there is no closure of the housing 1 and the movable cover 2 side, and therefore their destruction is excluded.

Abnormal situations, when excessive force in existing structures [1 and 2] leads to the closure of the housing 1 with a movable cover 2 and their flattening (destruction), in this invention are not able to harm all other parts inside the support side bearing, and its repair will consist in replacing only the movable cover 2 and the housing 1.

The design of all parts of the supporting side bearing is extremely simple. A small volume of materials was used for the spring 12 and elastic disks 18 and 26. The manufacture of metal elements 1, 2, 12, 15, and 16 is achieved by simple operations. Components made according to the invention can be installed in the housing side of existing models, for example, to replace high metal springs.

Information sources.

1. Patent I8 3748001, IPC В61Р5 / 14, priority November 17, 1971, published July 24, 1973

2. Patent KI 2370388, IPC В61Р5 / 14, priority July 19, 2007, published January 27, 2009 (prototype).

Claims (6)

CLAIM 1. A support slider, comprising a damper between its body and the movable cover, located on the bottom of the body and made in the form of a metal compression spring, inside of which at least one guide is provided, equipped with a support platform, whose end face, also located in the hole inside the spring, is made with the possibility restrictions on the movement of the movable cover, characterized in that the damper further comprises at least one elastic disk in contact with the guide with a convex surface in at least one t RCE. 2. The slider according to claim 1, characterized in that the convex surface of the elastic disk is formed either by a continuous cylindrical collar, or parallel to the elongated prisms, or an array of rows of shortened prisms, or concentrically arranged rings, or shortened cylinders located around the circumference and in its center. 3. The slider according to claim 1, characterized in that a movable cover is located on the metal spring, wherein the guide support area is located on the convex surface of one end of the elastic disk, the convex surface of the other end of which is located on the intermediate plate, which is located on the convex surface of one end of the other elastic disk, the convex surface of the other end of which is located on the bottom of the body. 4. The slider according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal spring is located on the bottom of the housing, and on the supporting platform of the guide there is a convex surface of one end of the elastic disk, on the convex surface of the other end of which there is an intermediate plate on which the convex surface of one end of the other elastic disk, on the convex surface of the other end of which is located a movable cover. 5. The slider according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable cover is located on the convex surface of one end of the elastic disk, the convex surface of the other end of which is located on the intermediate plate, which is located on a metal spring, and the supporting platform guide is located on the convex surface of one end of the other elastic disk, the convex surface of the other end of which is located on the bottom of the body. 6. The slider according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable cover is located on the convex surface of one end of the elastic disk, the convex surface of the other end of which is located on the supporting platform of the guide, while another guide is inserted inside the metal spring, the supporting platform of which is located on the convex surface one end of another elastic disk, the convex surface of the other end of which is located on the bottom of the body.