DE69781C

DE69781C - Mechanical filter with horizontally stacked filter plates with flow from bottom to top

Info

Publication number: DE69781C
Application number: DENDAT69781D
Authority: DE
Original assignee: E. SKORYNA in Kiew
Publication date: 1900-01-01

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMTAtPATENT OFFICE

KLASSE 58: Pressen.CLASS 58: Pressing.

durchströmten Filterplatten.flowed through filter plates.

Vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein mechanisches Filter, bei welchem die Filterplatten nicht, wie bisher gebräuchlich, in senkrechter Stellung neben einander gereiht, sondern in horizontaler Lage über und auf einander gelegt sind. Ferner ist die Anordnung so getroffen, dafs die zu filtrirende Flüssigkeit die Filterplatten der Reihe nach von unten nach oben durchströmt, was den Vortheil mit sich bringt, dafs die unter den einzelnen Filtertüchern entstehenden Schlammablagerungen, sich selbst überlassen, sich infolge ihres Gewichtes loslösen, wodurch die Filtertücher vor vorzeitiger Verstopfung bewahrt bleiben. Läfst man die Filtertücher nach oben hin immer feinmaschiger werden, so wird man auch dadurch einer vorzeitigen Verstopfung der ersten Filtertücher vorbeugen, da diese nur die groben festen Bestandtheile zurückhalten, dagegen die feineren durchlassen, welche dann von folgenden feineren Tüchern bis schliefslich zu den kleinsten Theilchen' abgefangen werden. - Bei gleich anfänglich feinem Filtertuch würden sich die feineren Körper gleichzeitig mit den gröberen Körpern '* zum gröfsten Theil hinter dem ersten Filtertuch ablagern und dadurch den Durchgang der folgenden Flüssigkeit durch dieses sehr beträchtlich erschweren.
. Von den Figuren der beiliegenden Zeichnung , welche das gekennzeichnete Filter in einer geeigneten Ausführungsform wiedergeben, zeigen Fig. 1 einen senkrechten Schnitt durch das Filter, Fig. 2 einen waagrechten Schnitt durch dasselbe und Fig. 3 in vergröfsertem Mafsstabe einen Theil des senkrechten Schnittes zur genaueren Wiedergabe derDetailconstruction. Das Filter besteht aus einem oben durch einen Deckel E flüssigkeitsdicht verschlossenen Gehäuse A, in welches die zu filtrirende Flüssigkeit, im Folgenden der Kürze halber als aus Saft bestehend angenommen, durch einen vom nach aufsen gewölbten Boden ausgehenden Rohrstutzen B eintritt. Bevor der Saft aus dem unterhalb des Deckels E seitlich aus dem Gehäuse ausgehenden Rohrstutzen D wieder abfliefsen kann, mufs er die das Gehäuseinnere füllenden, auf einander gelegten Filterplatten H, deren unterste die im Gehäuseboden vorgesehene Wölbung nach oben abschliefst, der Reihe nach aufwärts durchströmen. Die Filterplatten H, Fig. 3, sind, ,entsprechend dem cylindrischen Querschnitt des Gehäuses, rund und bestehen aus einzelnen, einen kastenartigen Raum umschliefsenden Rahmen, deren je zwei benachbarte ein in bekannter Weise gleichzeitig als Fugendichtung dienendes Filtertuch H¹ zwischen sich nehmen. Die Filtertücher finden bei dem nach oben wirkenden Druck der Flüssigkeit Rückstützung gegen die Metallsiebe -f/², deren je eines an jedem Rahmen als untere Begrenzung des vom Rahmen umschlossenen Kastenraumes befestigt ist. Die Filtertücher werden, · wie es in der Einleitung erwähnt und begründet wurde, nach oben hin feiner, um sämmtlich in annähernd gleicher Weise zur Wirkung zu gelangen, was der Fall sein wird, wenn die die einzelnen Zwischenräume zwischen den Filter-The present invention relates to a mechanical filter in which the filter plates are not lined up in a vertical position next to one another, as has been the case up to now, but rather are placed in a horizontal position above and on top of one another. Furthermore, the arrangement is such that the liquid to be filtered flows through the filter plates one after the other from bottom to top, which has the advantage that the sludge deposits that develop under the individual filter cloths are left to their own devices, loosening due to their weight, thereby the filter cloths are protected from premature clogging. If the filter cloths are made more and more fine-meshed towards the top, then one will also prevent premature clogging of the first filter cloths, since these only hold back the coarse solid components, on the other hand allow the finer ones to pass through, which then from the following finer cloths to finally the smallest particles 'be intercepted. - If the filter cloth was initially fine, the finer bodies, at the same time as the coarser bodies, would for the most part be deposited behind the first filter cloth, and thereby make the passage of the following liquid through it very considerably more difficult.
. Of the figures of the accompanying drawing, which show the marked filter in a suitable embodiment, Fig. 1 shows a vertical section through the filter, Fig. 2 shows a horizontal section through the same and Fig. 3 shows, on an enlarged scale, part of the vertical section for more precise purposes Reproduction of the detailed construction. The filter consists of a housing A , which is closed liquid-tight at the top by a cover E , into which the liquid to be filtered, in the following for the sake of brevity assumed to be composed of juice, enters through a pipe socket B extending from the outwardly curved base. Before the juice can flow out of the pipe socket D , which extends laterally out of the housing below the cover E , it must flow through the filter plates H, which fill the housing interior and are placed on top of one another, the bottom of which closes the curvature provided in the housing bottom upwards, one after the other. The filter plates H, Fig. 3, are, according to the cylindrical cross-section of the housing, round and consist of individual frames enclosing a box-like space, the two adjacent frames between which a filter cloth H ^{1 serving in a known manner as a joint seal at the same time.} When the pressure of the liquid acts upwards, the filter cloths are supported against the metal sieves -f / ² , one of which is attached to each frame as the lower limit of the box space enclosed by the frame. As mentioned and justified in the introduction, the filter cloths become finer towards the top so that they all have an effect in approximately the same way, which will be the case if the individual spaces between the filter

Claims

plate-filling deposits approximately the same through or. Have impermeability. The tight seal between the filter plates is effected by screw bolts K , a number of which extend from the lowest filter plate and by screwed-on screw nuts, which are supported against the uppermost filter plate, pull the entire plates together. The purpose, the tight seal between the lowest plate and the. To secure the bottom of the housing, rotatably mounted one-armed levers M, Fig. I, are used in the cylindrical casing of the housing, which, when they are swung into a radial position relative to the housing, run onto wedge tracks H ^s , Fig. 2, a corresponding number of which on the horizontal upper surface of the uppermost panel frame H are provided. The levers M act in the manner of the known cam, in that they exert a downward pressure on all of the filter plates and thereby create the tight seal between the bottom of the housing and the lowest plate. So that the fastener or lever M are not in the way when the plates are lifted out of the housing for cleaning and replaced by a second set, the fastener Min bulges M ¹ , which are provided in the housing cylinder jacket, can be folded back.

It should be noted that the housing A accommodating the filter plates need not necessarily be cylindrical, and therefore the filter plates need not be round either, but that they can also have any angular shape.

It has been found in practical use of the filter described above in many In some cases, the inflow of the liquid to be filtered as well as the outflow have been shown to be advantageous to arrange the same central. This arrangement not only enhances the effect of the Filters a more regular, but it will also, if z. B. Sugar juices are filtered should certainly avoid acidification of the filtered juice flowing off.

. For a central arrangement of the inflow and outflow, the filter has the one attached Drawing shown in Fig. 4 modification received.

On the domed bottom of housing A by means of screws is α and Stehr ears b provided with a middle opening second arched back ¹ A fixed, resting on the upwardly directed rim of the filter set which is held in place by the clamps M.

The supply pipe d is connected to the central opening of the base A ¹ , while the central opening of the base of the housing A is followed by a discharge nozzle d ¹ which is then connected to a pipe / ' by a pipe e ^l. The pipe socket d and d ¹ form one piece in such a way that the socket d lies within the socket d ^l .

The liquid takes the path indicated by the arrows; it enters at /, i flows through pipe e to d and through, through the filter set, over the upper edge of the same back down and through d ¹ and e ¹ to / ¹ .

The valve g connected to d and the tap g ^l connected to d ^l serve to empty and clean the apparatus .

Pa τ en τ claims:

ι. A mechanical filter with horizontally stacked filter plates which these filter plates with filter cloths that become finer and finer towards the top are overstretched, so that the flowed through one after the other from bottom to top Filter cloths form sludge deposits of approximately the same permeability, which are almost uniform Bring all filter plates into action.

2. When marked by claim 1.. Neten Filtrirapparat the mounting of an inner double bottom A ^1, on which the rest superposed filter plates and which is connected to a middle feedblock D, while the Abflufsstutzen d ¹ the filtered liquid of the housing bottom is arranged at the bottom at the lowest point and surrounds the nozzle d so that the inflow and outflow of the liquid are central.

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings.