DE4778A

DE4778A - New elution process for obtaining sugar from molasses or syrup

Info

Publication number: DE4778A
Authority: DE
Original assignee: Dr. A. DREVERMANN in Düsseldorf

Description

1878.1878.

Klasse 89.Class 89.

AUGUST DREVERMANN in DÜSSELDORF. Neues Elutionsverfahren zur Zuckergewinnung aus Melasse oder Syrup. AUGUST DREVERMANN in DÜSSELDORF. New elution process for obtaining sugar from molasses or syrup.

Patentirt im Deutschen Reiche vom 2. Februar 1878 ab.Patented in the German Empire on February 2, 1878.

Das bekannte Elutionsverfahren Scheibler's besitzt in dem Theile, der sich mit der Herstellung seines Ausgarigsmaterials, des Melassenrohkalkes, beschäftigt, sehr erhebliche Mängel, die sich besonders zeigen, wenn der Melassenrohkalk nach dem Verfahren des Dr. Seyferth dargestellt wird. Diese Mängel bestehen darin, dafs eine Anzahl der in der Melasse neben dem Zucker sich findenden organischen Nichtzuckerstoffe durch die hohe Temperatur beim Trocknen des Rohkalks oder durch die Heftigkeit der Reaction bei Einwirkung des Aetzkalkes (nach der Seyferth'sehen Methode seiner Darstellung), welche letztere die Temperatur bis zu 125⁰ C, und unter Umständen darüber, steigert, in ihrer chemischen Natur eine totale. Umänderung bezw. Spaltung erleiden. Es sind dies, wie ermittelt worden ist, namentlich stickstoffhaltige amidartige Körper, die sich bei dieser Art der Einwirkung des Kalkes in Ammoniak, Trimethylamin etc. einerseits und stickstofffreie bezw. stickstoffärmere Säuren andererseits spalten, welche dann als neugebildete Kalksalze in der Rohmasse zurückbleiben, während die Ammoniakbasen sich theilweise verflüchtigen. Diese neugebildeten Kalksalze bleiben wegen ihrer grofsen Schwerlöslichkeit bei nachherigem Auslaugen mit verdünntem Spiritus alsdann in dem ausgelaugten Zuckerkalk zurück. Wird letzterer nun demnächst zum Scheiden von Rübensaft benutzt, so treten diese Kalksalze als solche oder umgewandelt zu Alkalisalzen mit in den Scheidesaft über, um alle Stadien der Verarbeitung desselben zu durchlaufen und sich zuletzt in der resultirenden Melasse, namentlich bei Wiederholung der Operation, immer mehr anzusammeln. Eine solchergestalt gewonnene Melasse enthält nun nicht allein die ihr schon eigenthümlichen Amide, sondern auch die Spaltungssäuren solcher Amide der Melasse aus früheren Verarbeitungen, und es ist klar, dafs .sich im Laufe wiederholter Operationen diese Spaltungssäuren in dem erzielten, ausgewaschenen Zuckerkalk derart anhäufen, dafs von einer vorteilhaften Verwendung desselben zum Scheiden des Rübensaftes dann nicht mehr die Rede sein kann.Scheibler's well-known elution process has very considerable deficiencies in the part that deals with the production of its fermentation material, the raw molasses lime, which is particularly evident when the raw molasses lime is prepared according to the method of Dr. Seyferth is depicted. These deficiencies consist in the fact that a number of the organic non-sugar substances found in molasses as well as sugar are due to the high temperature during drying of the raw lime or due to the violence of the reaction under the action of the quicklime (according to Seyferth's method of its preparation), which latter the temperature up to 125 ⁰ C, and under certain circumstances above, increases, in its chemical nature, a total. Change resp. Suffering from division. These are, as has been determined, namely nitrogen-containing amide-like bodies which, with this type of action of the lime in ammonia, trimethylamine, etc., on the one hand and nitrogen-free and respectively. On the other hand, low-nitrogen acids split, which then remain in the raw mass as newly formed calcium salts, while the ammonia bases are partly volatilized. These newly formed lime salts, because of their great poor solubility, then remain in the leached sugar lime when they are subsequently leached with dilute alcohol. If the latter is soon to be used for separating beet juice, these calcium salts, either as such or converted to alkali salts, also pass into the separating juice in order to pass through all stages of the processing of the same and finally become more and more in the resulting molasses, especially when the operation is repeated to accumulate. Molasses obtained in this way contains not only the amides peculiar to it, but also the cleavage acids of such amides of the molasses from earlier processing, and it is clear that in the course of repeated operations these cleavage acids accumulate in the washed-out sugar lime that is obtained of an advantageous use of the same for separating the beet juice can then no longer be spoken of.

Diese Mängel zu beseitigen bezw. das Elutionsverfahren so durchzuführen, dafs die organischen Nichtzuckerstoffe als solche in ihrer chemischen Natur unverändert erhalten bleiben, war Endzweck einer Reihe von Versuchen, die zu einem neuen Elutionsverfahren geführt haben, das gegenüber den bisherigen den Vorzug der rascheren, bequemeren Durchführbarkeit besitzt, einen reineren Zuckerkalk beim Auslaugen ergiebt, in Bezug auf Apparate eine wesentlich billigere Anlage gestattet, sowie weniger maschinelle und manuelle Arbeit erfordert.To eliminate these deficiencies respectively. to carry out the elution process in such a way that the organic Non-sugar substances as such remain unchanged in their chemical nature, was the end purpose of a series of attempts that led to a new elution process, which has the advantage over the previous ones that it can be carried out more quickly and conveniently, yields a purer sugar lime on leaching, and in relation to apparatus an essential one cheaper system permits and requires less mechanical and manual labor.

Das wesentliche des neuen Elutionsverfahrens besteht nun darin, dafs der Melasserohkalk nicht erst, wie bei dem älteren Scheiblerschen oder dem modificirten sogen. Scheibler-Seyferth'schen Verfahren auf dem zeitraubenden und kostspieligen Umweg als trockene, poröse Masse bei höherer Temperatur für sich hergestellt zu werden braucht, sondern im feinkörnigen Zustand innerhalb einer alkoholischen, gesättigten Lösung abfiltrirt und ausgewaschen wird. Es wird zu diesem Behufe bei der neuen Elution in der Weise verfahren, 'dafs eine Auflösung von Melasse in verdünntem Spiritus (von ca. 36 Volum-Procenten) einem Gemisch von feingepulvertem, frisch gebranntem, also wasserfreiem Aetzkalk, der mit einer solchen Menge stärkeren Alkohols durchtränkt ist, dafs er mit dem der Melasse eigenthümlichen Wassergehalt ebenfalls ca. 36 procentigen Spiritus bildet, in einem mit Rührwerk versehenen, geschlossenen Apparat zusammengebracht und die Mischung so lange im Umrühren erhalten wird, bis die suspendirten Kalkpartikelchen allen Zucker der alkoholischen Flüssigkeit aufgesogen und absorbirt haben, was sich in kurzer Zeit unter sehr mäfsiger Erwärmung allmälig vollzieht. Die Menge des angewendeten Aetzkalkes wird so bemessen, dafs dreibasischer Zuckerkalk entsteht und aufserdem noch genügend Kalk für die Freimachung der Alkalien der Nichtzuckerverbindungen vorhanden ist. Die vorherige Durchtränkung des Aetzkalkpulvers mit Alkohol ist zweckmäfsig, damit die Mischung mit der spirituosen Melasselösung ohne Schwierigkeit und namentlich ohne Klumpenbildung verläuft.The essential part of the new elution process consists in the fact that the molasses crude lime not just as with the older Scheibler or the modified so-called. Scheibler-Seyferth'schen Process on the time-consuming and costly detour as a dry, porous mass at a higher temperature in itself needs to be produced, but in the fine-grained state within an alcoholic, saturated solution is filtered off and washed out. It is for this purpose in the proceed with the new elution in such a way as to dissolve molasses in dilute Spirit (of approx. 36 percent by volume) a mixture of finely powdered, freshly burned, i.e. anhydrous quicklime, which is soaked with such an amount of stronger alcohol, that with the water content peculiar to molasses it is also about 36 percent alcohol forms, brought together in a closed apparatus equipped with a stirrer and the mixture is kept stirring until the particles of lime are suspended have soaked up and absorbed all the sugars in the alcoholic liquid that are in for a short time gradually with very moderate warming carries out. The amount of caustic lime applied is measured in such a way that it is three-basic Sugar lime is created and there is also enough lime to clear the alkalis of non-sugar compounds is present. The previous impregnation of the quicklime powder with alcohol is expedient so that the mixture with the liquor molasses solution proceeds without difficulty and especially without lump formation.

Nachdem die völlige Bindung des in der Lösung vorhandenen Zuckers durch den Aetzkalk sich unter sehr mäfsiger Wärmeentwicklung vollzogen hat, wird das Umrühren der MischungAfter the complete binding of the sugar present in the solution by the quicklime has taken place with very moderate heat development, the mixture is stirred

Claims

continued for some time, partly so that it cools down more quickly, partly so that the sugar lime formed assumes as fine-grained a consistency as possible. Then you have the latter in an easily filterable and washable form, in addition to a saturated dark brown-red liquid containing all non-sugars in solution. The pulpy mass of sugar lime and nonsugar solution is now pressed from the mixing vessel, which functions as Montejus, into the filter apparatus by means of compressed air, as those types of filter presses are particularly recommended which allow the sugar lime cake to be washed out by displacing the remaining lye directly in the press with diluted alcohol , and the spiritual filtrate respectively. continue the washing liquid in closed tubes. Here the first concentrated non-sugar liquors are collected in a special way, in order to be distilled off in known stills for the purpose of recovering the alcohol. The subsequent thin wash liquors, on the other hand, are either obtained for themselves, and are used to dissolve new molasses in it respectively. to displace the remanent lye of the cake with it, or a number of combined filter presses, which are respectively arranged according to known principles. are connected that the leaching must take place after the countercurrent system, used for leaching, the complete leaching being effected in continuous work with the smallest possible amount of washing liquid to obtain highly concentrated solutions, in order to be distilled off, as above. The non-sugar liquor remaining in the stills after the alcohol has been recovered contains the nitrogen-containing non-sugar substances essentially in the same composition and in larger quantities than the same residues from the previous elution. These are used as fertilizers and as such have a correspondingly higher fertilization value than the similarly obtained alkalis of the old elution. The sugar-lime masses of the filter presses (or other suitable filtration devices) washed out to the desired degree of purity are mixed with water in suitable apparatus and the alcohol still adhering to them is distilled off by blowing in steam. The resulting sugar-lime milk is then used to separate beet juice in a known manner, or it can also be processed into sugar itself. This new method of elution described in the foregoing is based on a new method of formation of the sugar lime, which takes place bezw. Absorption of the soluble sugar of the molasses by means of caustic lime in a medium in which the resulting sugar lime has the greatest difference in solubility compared to the non-sugar substances present, a mode of formation which has not yet been described or carried out anywhere. Of course, instead of caustic lime, caustic strontian or barite can be used for the same purpose, and instead of the mother liquor from diluted alcohol, an appropriately averaged mixture of wood spirit or fusel oil or other solvents which have the greatest possible difference in solubility compared to a saccharate and the non-sugars . It is true that mixtures of hydrated lime and molasses have been mixed with high-percentage alcohol in the past, thus causing sugar excretions; But such precipitations always result in slimy, impure, difficult to filter and difficult to wash out instead of fine-grained sugar lime. The advantages of the new elution described above over the old one are essentially as follows:

1. Avoidance of time-consuming, costly and significant material losses Detour of the depiction of raw molasses lime in a dry, porous texture.

2. Faster and more complete leaching, due to the fine-grained shape of the sugar lime, as well as the solubility and remaining solubility of the non-sugars in molasses from the beginning. With the old elution, these non-sugar substances first have to go through a lengthy process Contact with diluted alcohol from the dry molasses lime returned to the solution be, although the resolution remains only an unsaturated one and does not extend on lumps and non-porous parts of the raw mass, which, because of their representation, are inevitable according to the older elution methods are always present.

3. A larger yield and a higher degree of purity sugar lime respectively. Sugar.

4. Substantial simplification of the apparatus and a corresponding reduction in the investment capital.

5. Easier and cheaper working method, so of course lower costs of the mechanical ones and manual labor.

6. The extraction of more valuable fertilizer than residue.

Sponsorship τ claim:

The elution process described, whose Novelty consists in the use of a molasses lime, which in the manner described is made by mixing a liquor molasses solution with a high grade Alcohol soaked! Caustic lime.