DE386514C - Anode for making per compounds - Google Patents
Anode for making per compoundsInfo
- Publication number
- DE386514C DE386514C DEC32263D DEC0032263D DE386514C DE 386514 C DE386514 C DE 386514C DE C32263 D DEC32263 D DE C32263D DE C0032263 D DEC0032263 D DE C0032263D DE 386514 C DE386514 C DE 386514C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- platinum
- anode
- tantalum
- per compounds
- making per
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001362 Ta alloys Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/28—Per-compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
Description
Anode zur Herstellung von Perverbindungen. Um Anoden aus reinem Platin zu vermei-, den, hat man vorgeschlagen, Tantal in Form von Draht oder Blech auf elektrolytischem Wege mit Platin zu plattieren, derart, daß die ganze Tantalfläche einen zusammenhängenden Überzug aus Platin erhält, so daß also eine Berührung des Elektrolyten mit der Tantalunterlage ausgeschlossen war. Bei der kurzdauernden Verwendung solcher mit Platin plattierter Anoden zu analytischen Zwecken haben sich dieselben gut bewährt, jedoch bei dem Versuch, solche Anoden im technischen Dauerbetrieb zu verwenden, zeigten sie nur geringe Haltbarkeit. Ein Teil des Überzuges blieb auf der Unterlage haften, ein anderer Teil jedoch zeigte eine so geringe Haftfestigkeit, daß nach kurzer Elektroly sendauer die Teilchen nach und nach in den Elektrolyt übergingen.Anode for the production of per compounds. To anodes made of pure platinum to avoid, it has been proposed to use tantalum in the form of wire or sheet metal electrolytically to plate with platinum, in such a way that the entire tantalum surface receives a coherent coating of platinum, so that a contact of the Electrolyte with the tantalum pad was excluded. With short-term use such platinum-plated anodes for analytical purposes are the same Well proven, however, when trying to use such anodes in continuous technical operation use, they showed poor durability. Part of the coating remained on stick to the base, but another part showed such a poor adhesive strength that that after a short period of electrolyte, the particles gradually enter the electrolyte passed over.
Überraschenderweise hat sich gezeigt, daß mit einer so beschädigten Elektrode die Elektrolyse doch noch durchgeführt werden kann, solange noch nennenswerte Platinmengen in genügendem Kontakt mit der Unterlage sind, um den Stromdurchgang zu vermitteln. Ein Dauerbetrieb mit einer derart beschaffenen Elektrode ist ersichtlicherweise nicht möglich, zumal durch Verminderung der Berührungsfläche zwischen Tantal und Platin ein Anstieg der Spannung, eine Verminderung der Stromausbeute und damit eine Verteuerung der Fabrikation erfolgt.Surprisingly, it has been shown that with such a damaged Electrolysis can still be carried out as long as it is worth mentioning Amounts of platinum are in sufficient contact with the substrate to allow the current to pass to convey. Continuous operation with such an electrode is evident not possible, especially due to the reduction in the contact area between tantalum and Platinum an increase in voltage, a decrease in current yield and thus a Manufacturing becomes more expensive.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine eigenartige Anode, bestehend aus einer Kombination von viel Tantal mit wenig Platin. Bei dieser Kombination findet die Ionenentladung nicht am Tantal, sondern am Platin statt, es wirkt also das Tantal nicht als Anode, sondern lediglich als Stromzuführung zum Platin. Hierbei ist nur ein kleiner Teil der Tantalfläche vom Platin bedeckt, es wird also gegenüber früheren Vorschlägen, nach welchen das Tantal ganz von Platin umhüllt werden mußte, eine wesentliche Ersparnis an Platin erzielt. Dieser heute sehr ins Gewicht fallende technische Fortschritt wurde ermöglicht durch die höchst überraschende Beobachtung, daß weder blankes Tantal, noch anodisch geschaltetes, also mit einer Oxydhaut bedecktes Tantal, auf Perverbindungen zersetzend einwirkt.The invention relates to a peculiar anode, consisting of a combination of a lot of tantalum with little platinum. This combination takes place the ion discharge does not take place on the tantalum, but on the platinum, so the tantalum acts not as an anode, but merely as a power supply to the platinum. Here is just a small part of the tantalum surface is covered by platinum, so it is compared to earlier Proposals according to which the tantalum had to be completely encased in platinum, one substantial savings in platinum achieved. This one, which is very important today technical progress was made possible by the most surprising observation, that neither bare tantalum nor anodically switched, i.e. covered with an oxide skin Tantalum, has a corrosive effect on per compounds.
Durch die Erfindung wird zweierlei- erreicht, nämlich erstens die Konstruktion sehr stabiler Anoden mit einem Minimum von Platin, zweitens die Erzielung hoher anodischer Stromdichten mit einem Minimum von Spannungsverlusten.The invention achieves two things, namely firstly Construction of very stable anodes with a minimum of platinum, secondly the achievement high anodic current densities with a minimum of voltage losses.
Die praktische Bedeutung der Erfindung ersieht man aus folgendem Beispiel, in dem vergleichsweise die Durchführung einer Elektrolyse mit reiner Platinanode bzw. mit der Anode gemäß der Erfindung beschrieben ist. Beispiel.The practical significance of the invention can be seen from the following example, in which comparatively the implementation of an electrolysis with a pure platinum anode or is described with the anode according to the invention. Example.
a) Als Elektrolysiergefäß wird eine zylindrische Zelle von etwa 6oo cm3 Inhalt verwendet, als Diaphragma eine zylindrische Tonzelle aus Leblanc-Masse mit einem Fassungsvermögen von Zoo cm3. Eine Bleischlange dient gleichzeitig als Kathode und als Kühlvorrichtung. Als Elektrolyt nimmt man eine Schwefelsäure von q.5° B6, der anodische Inhalt beträgt 15o cm". Die Temperatur schwankt zwischen 18 und 2o° C. Als Anode wird reines Platin mit einer Fläche von 5 cmz genommen und mit einer anodischen Stromdichte von i Ampere auf i cm' gearbeitet. Es ergibt sich eine Stromausbeute von 6o,13 Prozent.a) A cylindrical cell of about 600 cm3 content, a cylindrical clay cell made of Leblanc mass is used as the diaphragm with a capacity of zoo cm3. A lead snake doubles as a Cathode and as a cooling device. Sulfuric acid is used as the electrolyte of q.5 ° B6, the anodic content is 15o cm ". The temperature fluctuates between 18 and 20 ° C. Pure platinum with an area of 5 cm2 is taken as the anode and worked with an anodic current density of i ampere to i cm '. It surrenders a current yield of 6o, 13 percent.
b) Es wird in demselben Apparat, unter genau denselben Bedingungen, wie bei Versuch a gearbeitet, jedoch wird an Stelle der reinen Platinanode eine solche aus Tantal verwendet, welche zum Teil mit Platin bezogen ist. Bei Einhaltung der gleichen anodischen Stromdichte von i Amp./cm2 und sonst gleichen Bedingungen ergeben die Versuche eine Stromausbeute von 6o,55 Prozent.b) It is in the same apparatus, under exactly the same conditions, as in experiment a, but instead of the pure platinum anode, a those made of tantalum are used, some of which are covered with platinum. With compliance the same anodic current density of 1 Amp./cm2 and otherwise the same conditions the tests result in a current yield of 60.55 percent.
Es zeigt sich also, daß die Ergebnisse, die sich mit einer Anode gemäß der Erfindung erzielen lassen, vollkommen denen gleichen, die bei Verwendung reiner Platinanoden erhalten werden. Die Herstellung einer Platinauflage auf einer Tantalunterlage, dergestalt, daß nicht die ganze Tantalfläche mit Platin überzogen wird, ist technisch wesentlich einfacher und billiger zu lösen als das Umhüllen des gesamten Tantalkörpers mit dem teuren Platin. Die Auflage kann z. B. bewirkt werden durch Elektrolyse oder durch Aufhämmern, Aufschweißen, Aufwalzen u. dgl.It is thus shown that the results obtained with an anode according to can achieve the invention, exactly the same as when using pure Platinum anodes can be obtained. The production of a platinum layer on a tantalum base, in such a way that the entire tantalum surface is not coated with platinum is technical much easier and cheaper to solve than enveloping the entire tantalum body with the expensive platinum. The edition can, for. B. be effected by electrolysis or by hammering, welding, rolling and the like.
Schließlich hat sich ergeben, daß auch Legierungen von Tantal mit Platin als Anode verwendet werden , können, ohne daß eine Oxidation eintritt.Finally, it has been found that alloys of tantalum with Platinum can be used as an anode without oxidation occurring.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB18740/22A GB198246A (en) | 1922-07-07 | 1922-07-07 | Anodes for forming percompounds |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE386514C true DE386514C (en) | 1923-12-10 |
Family
ID=10117580
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEC32263D Expired DE386514C (en) | 1922-07-07 | 1922-06-21 | Anode for making per compounds |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1477099A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE386514C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR552982A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB198246A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1284811B (en) * | 1959-02-18 | 1968-12-05 | Union Carbide Corp | Process for reducing or preventing the hydrogen brittleness of objects made of non-ferrous metals |
Families Citing this family (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2434731A (en) * | 1943-11-16 | 1948-01-20 | Baker & Co Inc | Platinum sheet electrode |
| NL92567C (en) * | 1951-12-22 | |||
| US2929769A (en) * | 1955-07-07 | 1960-03-22 | Isaac L Newell | Electroplating anode |
| US2868711A (en) * | 1955-08-10 | 1959-01-13 | Pennsalt Chemicals Corp | Electrolytic cell |
| CA604415A (en) * | 1957-04-09 | 1960-08-30 | B. Beer Henri | Anode having a core of a base metal provided with a coating of a precious metal or another resistant material |
| NL124248C (en) * | 1957-07-17 | |||
| DE1250234B (en) * | 1957-07-26 | 1967-09-14 | ||
| US2955999A (en) * | 1957-09-04 | 1960-10-11 | Ionics | Self-rectifying electrodialysis unit |
| NL99396C (en) * | 1957-10-24 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| USB230799I5 (en) * | 1958-03-18 | |||
| US3038849A (en) * | 1958-10-07 | 1962-06-12 | Herman S Preiser | Insoluble trailing anode for cathodic protection of ships |
| US2998359A (en) * | 1958-11-25 | 1961-08-29 | Engelhard Ind Inc | Method for preparing anodes for cathodic protection systems |
| BE584834A (en) * | 1958-12-31 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| US3022242A (en) * | 1959-01-23 | 1962-02-20 | Engelhard Ind Inc | Anode for cathodic protection systems |
| US3133872A (en) * | 1959-03-10 | 1964-05-19 | Chemionics Engineering Lab Inc | Anode for electrochemical applications |
| US3010891A (en) * | 1959-04-15 | 1961-11-28 | Engelhard Ind Inc | Trailing anode for cathodic protection systems |
| US3081252A (en) * | 1959-09-30 | 1963-03-12 | Chemionics Engineering Lab Inc | Pipe plug anode |
| US3055821A (en) * | 1960-03-07 | 1962-09-25 | Olin Mathieson | Diaphragmless monopolar elecrolytic cell |
| US3291714A (en) * | 1961-01-13 | 1966-12-13 | Ici Australia Ltd | Electrodes |
| US4052271A (en) * | 1965-05-12 | 1977-10-04 | Diamond Shamrock Technologies, S.A. | Method of making an electrode having a coating containing a platinum metal oxide thereon |
| US4210508A (en) * | 1975-12-15 | 1980-07-01 | Gustav Bergson | Electrolytic hygrometer improvement |
| US4175021A (en) * | 1978-03-06 | 1979-11-20 | C. E. Equipment Co., Inc. | Apparatus for preventing end effect in anodes |
| US4401540A (en) * | 1980-10-29 | 1983-08-30 | C.E. Equipment Co., Inc. | Apparatus for reducing end effect in anodes |
-
1922
- 1922-06-16 FR FR552982D patent/FR552982A/en not_active Expired
- 1922-06-21 DE DEC32263D patent/DE386514C/en not_active Expired
- 1922-07-07 GB GB18740/22A patent/GB198246A/en not_active Expired
- 1922-08-22 US US583665A patent/US1477099A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1284811B (en) * | 1959-02-18 | 1968-12-05 | Union Carbide Corp | Process for reducing or preventing the hydrogen brittleness of objects made of non-ferrous metals |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB198246A (en) | 1923-05-31 |
| US1477099A (en) | 1923-12-11 |
| FR552982A (en) | 1923-05-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE386514C (en) | Anode for making per compounds | |
| DE1115721B (en) | Process for the production of an electrode with a titanium core and a porous cover layer made of noble metal | |
| DE1796220B2 (en) | Method of making an electrode for use in electrolytic processes | |
| DE1144074B (en) | Bath for the galvanic deposition of thick, tension-free platinum coatings | |
| DE2100300A1 (en) | Negative electrode for nickel cadmium cells and process for their manufacture | |
| DE2537100A1 (en) | ELECTRODE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING IT | |
| DE1903858B2 (en) | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING NICKEL ELECTRODES FOR GALVANIC ACCUMULATORS, IN WHICH THE PORES OF ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE PLATES WITH METAL OXIDE OR. - HYDROXIDE TO BE FILLED | |
| DE2201015C2 (en) | Process for the manufacture of a lead dioxide electrode | |
| DE2653984C2 (en) | Process for the production of electrodes suitable for galvanic cells, in particular positive nickel electrodes | |
| DE3029364A1 (en) | PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOW HYDROGEN OVERVOLTAGE CATHODE AND THEIR USE | |
| DE1693005A1 (en) | Process for the production of adipic dinitrile | |
| DE1256504B (en) | Process for the galvanic production of insoluble anodes for electrochemical processes | |
| DE1939794C3 (en) | Negative magnesium electrode for galvanic elements | |
| CH632531A5 (en) | Method of producing active anodes for electrochemical processes, in particular for the electrolysis of water | |
| DE325154C (en) | Process for the production of lead superoxide or manganese superoxide electrodes | |
| DE701788C (en) | Metal electrode for pH measurement | |
| DE851526C (en) | Process for the production of copper oxide dry rectifiers | |
| DE743258C (en) | Electrolytic process for the production of a copper layer on the surface of workpieces made of brass and brass-like alloys from copper-free solutions | |
| DE951694C (en) | Process for anodic production of a black oxide coating on copper wires | |
| DE2734162C2 (en) | Electrochemical process for the production of manganese dioxide | |
| DE2141447A1 (en) | Process for the electrolytic Her position of manganese dioxide | |
| DE1021081B (en) | Process for the production of contact wires for semiconductor arrangements, in particular for transistors | |
| DE1421560C3 (en) | Process for the production of electrodes for galvanic elements and accumulators using porous framework bodies which are made conductive on the surface or provided with conductive inserts | |
| AT203055B (en) | Process for the production of contact needles for semiconductor objects, in particular for transistors | |
| DE1496737C3 (en) | Process for applying lead dioxide coatings by anodic deposition on metallic titanium |