DE3728730A1 - Apparatus for conditioning room air - Google Patents

Abstract

Many forms of panel-type heating elements, in the case of which a material suitable for storing heat is heated by a heat-transfer medium, are known. However, by means of these heating elements, which can also be used, in principle, as cooling elements, it is only possible to control the temperature, and not the humidity, of the respective room air. In order to condition room air, namely to control the temperature and humidity, the invention proposes an apparatus which comprises two panel-type structural parts (1, 6), of which one (1) serves to receive steel pipes (2), in which a heat-transfer medium flows, and bores (8) are arranged in the other in order to receive evaporated water. The basic material of the two structural parts (1) and (6) comprises the components loam and cement, which is fired at temperatures of approximately 500@C, with the result that a high-capillary material which can store heat is obtained. A heat exchange and mass transfer with the surrounding room air takes place via the outer surface of the apparatus, formed by the structural parts (1) and (6), as well as the cited capillary system. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a device accordingly the preamble of claim 1.

Plate-like heat exchangers, inside which a heat Carrier medium flows are known in many forms become and can according to the temperature of the heat carrier medium compared to the temperature of the surrounding Indoor air can be used as a heating or cooling element. Ent speaking of the temperature difference between the heat transfer medium medium and the surrounding air a heat flow from the heat exchanger in Rich to the ambient air or based on the environment air in the direction of the heat exchanger. The reason material of the heat exchanger usually comes here a heat-storing and conducting function.  

DE-GM 80 06 071 is a plate-like heat Exchanger known, the basic substance of concrete or There is clay in which thin-walled flexible plastic Pipes embedded for guiding a heat transfer medium are. One side of this plate is warm Insulating coating made of polystyrene, so that a heat exchange with the environment only in one Direction is possible.

From DE-PS 32 09 520 is a plate-like, made of concrete existing heat exchanger known in which pipes for Management of a heat transfer medium are involved. The Concrete material is at least in this heat exchanger Area of pipes with particles of an open-pore ge foamed plastic interspersed to a minimum adjust elasticity, reducing the risk of heat tears should be met.

From DE-PS 29 16 799 is another, for heating and Cooling suitable heat exchangers known, the reason substance is a ceramic foam material, the Density in the outer layers to improve warmth conductivity is increased. In the material mentioned Channels formed for guiding a heat transfer medium.

Finally, a plate from DE-OS 30 35 931.0 like, usable as a radiator or heat sink, the same suitable for fulfilling structural structural functions at an early stage Heat exchanger known. This is through one out of one Cement material existing support body marked on one side, with the interposition of an insulating layer is also made of a cement material plate-like body is arranged, in which lines molded in or out to guide a heat transfer medium  are drilled. The heat exchanger shown here is on from its lines carrying the heat transfer medium reverse side with a thermal insulation layer made of ceramic Provided foam material.

All of these known plate-like heating or cooling common element is that this with the respective order room air only enter into a heat exchange. The humidity in the rooms is caused by this Heat exchanger, however, is not influenced in a targeted manner. This leads to Times of the heating season often lead to a sharp reduction the humidity, which is known to be the cause for numerous diseases of the respiratory organs and channels represents. Although it is known the classic radiators assign liquid-filled facing shells - these However, especially with regard to the achievable evaporation capacity as insufficient will see.

It is the object of the invention to provide a device for to conceive the genre described at the beginning, by means of which is both temperature and humidity of the respective room is controllable. This task is in a generic device solved by the Features of the characterizing part of claim 1. It be the device according to the invention is therefore the simplest Case from a plate-like radiator, inside which Lines run to carry a heat transfer medium, the base material of the radiator next to a heat additionally fulfills a moisture-storing function and is such that moisture exchange with the environment is possible. From these boundary conditions it follows that the material of the heating or cooling body a fine capillary, a large inner surface transmitter, open-pored on the outside and at the same time for  Heat storage must be a suitable substance. The direction moisture transfer from the heating body in the direction of the room air or starting from of the room air in the direction of the radiator Setting the temperature of the latter using the Heat transfer medium can be controlled as desired. The water Vapor content of the vapor-air mixture forming the indoor air can by subcooling the radiator using the Heat transfer medium in the area of the capillaries mentioned be condensed so that moisture from the environment is taken up in the capillaries as surface water. By heating the porous material of the radiator however, this surface water is evaporated and thus generates moisture-laden warm air. The one for guidance pipes suitable for the heat transfer medium can be pipes be shaped - but you can also in the Base material drilled in or in some other way be shaped. It is the panel radiator for example connected to a building wall via screw connections, which are expediently designed to be easily detachable. The absolute dimensions of this plate-shaped heat exchangers can from the point of view of the on-site Manageability, but also starting from the in stalling heat, cooling or evaporation performance be measured. Basically, the plate radiator especially in the case of relatively large areas Sheets are reinforced on the side facing away from the room are arranged. Instead of sheets you can also use Concrete stiffening elements can be provided.

The features of claim 2 bring the advantage of easy connectability or integrability of the  inventive device in a heating or cooling system with itself, since the connection with the mentioned, the Guiding a heat transfer medium serving steel pipes is easy to manufacture. For reasons of corrosion protection it should suitably be stainless steel trade pipes. These steel tubes are used to balance unavoidable, different, thermally conditioned Strains of the base material of the device on the one hand and the steel on the other hand movably arranged. These Movable arrangement can be made by appropriate dimensioning can be reached by drilling - but it is also possible an intermediate substance between the steel tubes on the one hand and the surrounding material on the other hand, which Relative movements between the steel pipes and the factory absorbs fabric through elastic deformation.

The arrangement of the steel pipes according to the claims 3 to 5 brings in addition to the compensation of heat-related Expansion movements, the corrosion protection also a ge wrestle heat resistance between the heat carrier medium on the one hand and the base material of the heating body on the other hand with itself.

The choice of a material according to the requirements 6 and 7 as the basic substance of the invention direction is due to the all-round and inexpensive Availability of clay particularly useful. The porosity this material is essentially fired set at temperatures of about 500 ° C, which does not only surface water, but also crystal water or chemically bound water in addition to organic components be driven out as far as possible. This way ent is a fine capillary, highly porous work on the outside  fabric that stores the desired moisture Properties optimally fulfilled.

The features of claim 8 are useful because a Moisture exchange only with the climate too tising space facing side of the radiator he wishes.

According to the features of claims 9 to 11 is the reason material of the heating or cooling body according to the invention with holes or a line formed by these system additionally enforces which of the inclusion of Serve evaporation water. This water of evaporation occurs due to the capillarity of the mentioned base material of the device according to the invention based on the holes through the capillary to the outer surface out. Via a level-controlled water supply Direction can also prevail over time Adjusted temperature conditions of the heat transfer medium constant evaporation performance can be ensured.

The features of claims 12 and 13 respectively different concepts for the spatial arrangement of the the lines used to guide the heat transfer medium on the one hand and to serve the evaporation water the holes or lines on the other hand. Also here any variations are possible, in particular on the spatial arrangement of the individual components for the purpose Enlargement of communication with the surrounding air decorative surface are directed.

Here, the plate-like, each combi niert the heat and moisture exchange or the Components used for heat or moisture exchange  be used in a staggered manner.

The features of claim 14 are for further that effective surface of the as a heater or heat sink components to be used.

The invention will now be described with reference to FIG some execution shown in the drawings examples will be explained in more detail. It shows

Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a erfindungsge MAESSEN device in perspective view;

Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of a device according to the invention in a perspective view;

Fig. 3 is a set formed of two adjacent plate-like members device according to the invention in perspective view;

Fig. 4 is provided with thermal insulation fiction, contemporary device in a perspective view.

Fig. 1 shows a plate-like, the room air conditioning component 1 , which is crossed in the horizontal direction by steel pipes 2 , which serve to guide a heat transfer medium. The steel tubes 2 are connected in a meandering manner outside the radiator in a manner not shown in the drawing and form a continuous cable run.

The basic substance of component 1 consists of an open capillary material which is suitable for heat storage and which is formed, for example, from the components clay and cement, with a mixture of substances starting from 75% by volume of clay and 25% by volume of cement consists. This mixture is treated by firing at approx. 500 ° C in such a way that surface water and chemically bound water as well as organic substances from the clay are largely removed and a highly capillary material suitable for absorbing or storing moisture is formed.

It is the steel pipes 2 , whose thermal expansion behavior differs significantly from that of the basic substance of the construction part 1 , in an exaggerated in the drawing in terms of their dimensions outer coating 3 made of a highly elastic cement polymer dispersion integrated, by their elasticity different thermal expansions Basic substance of the component 1 on the one hand and the steel tubes 2 on the other hand are included. To improve the heat conduction between the steel pipes on the one hand and the named base substance on the other hand, 3 metal particles are stored in a suitable concentration in the coating.

This component 1 can be integrated like a radiator in a classic heating system and consequently be arranged in front of a structural wall, a partition or even below windows. In this case, a heating medium is passed through the steel pipelines 2 , which causes the base substance of the component 1 to be heated via the coating 3, heat being transferred via the outer surfaces 4, 5 in accordance with the temperature difference to the environment, and at the same time that in the capillaries existing moisture evaporates and emerges from said surfaces. The named component thus acts simultaneously on the room temperature and the room humidity or the water vapor content of the air.

However, a cooling medium can also be passed through the steel pipes 2 mentioned, through which heat is extracted from the mass of the component 1 and thus from the respective room. The entering in the capillaries, water vapor laden room air is cooled below its dew point temperature, so that there is condensation, the resulting water is stored as surface water in the capillaries. In this case, both heat and moisture are extracted from the room air, so that the component also has a moisture-regulating effect on the room air when used as a heat sink.

The components 1 can have practically any dimensions that are limited only by the handling on site. Good manageability is also necessary for the reason that, when used as a heating and cooling body in the sense described above, the component also has an air cleaning function, through which pollutants are bound into the basic substance. To remove these pollutants, dismantling is required every 12 months. The volume of the component 1 is dimensioned in accordance with the desired heat storage, the steel tubes 2 are expediently arranged in the vicinity of the surface 5 mainly used for heating and cooling. The heating system, in which the construction part 1 can be integrated as a radiator, can be designed conventionally. It is particularly advantageous, however, to integrate the steel pipes 2 into an electric heating system, in which, for example, using the after-flow tariffs, the basic substance of the components 1, which acts as a storage mass, is heated.

Fig. 2 shows an essentially as heat and moisture keitsspeicher acting, also plate-like construction part 6 , which in terms of materials corresponds to the basic substance already shown of the component 1 acting as a heating and cooling element. The dimensions of this component 6 , which are limited in a similar way to those of component 1 , are otherwise determined by the heat and moisture storage capacity. In the embodiment shown, the top 7 is provided with a number of holes 8 , which are used to absorb evaporation liquid. The bores 8 can - as can be seen in the illustrative embodiment - be designed as blind holes. However, they extend in deviation from the graphic representation essentially over the entire height of the component 6 . The bores 8 can also be formed as bores communicating with one another and form a coherent vascular system within the component 6 . Finally, continuous bores are also conceivable, the effect of which essentially lies in increasing the surface area of component 6 .

The holes 8 are connected to a water supply, not shown in the drawing, through which a constant liquid level is ensured in a suitable manner. Under this condition, however, the water supply can be of any design.

The component 6 can be used in a variety of ways in air conditioning.

It can first of all be assigned as a cladding plate conventional plate radiators, so that the heat emanating from the plate 8 radiators evaporates the liquid in the holes 8 and exits through the outwardly open capillaries of the construction part 6 . Through the entire system of panel heating elements and component 6 , moisture-laden warm air is thus emitted. The arrangement of the component 6 opposite the plate radiators is basically arbitrary. It can be arranged in front of, between or behind such heating bodies.

However, the same component 6 can also be used as a heat sink in addition to the actual heating period, which removes heat from its surroundings to cover the energy requirement for permanent water evaporation in the capillaries and thereby has a cooling effect. Of particular importance in this context is the large surface area of this component that is available for energy and material exchange with the environment.

The component 6 can also be used as a heating and cooling body, in which use is made of the substance's own heat storage capacity. Thus, the component 6 can be used for cooling during the day, with a gradual heating up of the basic substance mentioned, whereas it emits this stored heat again during the night time and in this way acts to compensate for different day and night temperatures. Both the cooling process during the daytime hours and the heating process during the nighttime hours are associated with a moisture exchange with the environment, in such a way that moisture condenses predominantly from the ambient air during the daytime hours, so that the water content of the component 6 increases, whereas it increases during evaporation during the night and thus releasing moisture into the environment.

The heating and cooling system shown in FIG. 3 consists of a combination of components 1 and 6 , which are firmly connected to one another with the interposition of a water-impermeable layer 9 , which is formed by a cement-polymer adhesive. The connection of this system with a heating water circuit and with a level-controlled water supply system for the holes 8 , in which the evaporation water required for room air humidification is provided, is not shown in the drawing. The function of this system as a heating or cooling system can be controlled as desired via the temperature of the heat transfer medium flowing in the steel tubes 2 . The direction in which a substance exchange with the environment takes place here in accordance with the temperature differences between order and the components 1, 6 in the sense already described above.

Also in the system shown in Fig. 3 any measures to increase the communicating surface with the environment are possible, such. B. by structuring the surfaces of the components shown 1, 6 or by any attachment of through holes in the loading area of these components.

Finally, in Fig. 4, a heating and cooling system is characterized, in which one side of the steel pipes 2 leading component 1 is coated with a layer 10 of heat-insulating material. This can be a layer consisting of pearlite, which is reinforced on the outside with a glass fiber fabric. This layer 10 is arranged on the side of the system facing away from the room to be air-conditioned, so that heat is exchanged only with the room side. In addition, the boundary layer between the heat-insulating layer 10 and the components 1, 6 is water vapor-permeable, but not water-permeable. In this way it is ensured that a moisture exchange takes place essentially only with the room to be air-conditioned. The operation of the system shown in Fig. 4 corresponds to the rest of that shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, so that a related description is unnecessary.

Claims (14)

1. A device for air conditioning, be standing from at least one plate-like, for guiding a heat transfer medium, made of a heat-storing material existing component ( 1, 6 ), characterized in that the material from which the component ( 1, 6 ) consists , is also moisture-storing and is suitable for moisture exchange with the surrounding air. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the component ( 1, 6 ) steel pipes ( 2 ) for guiding the heat transfer medium are arranged, which are movably integrated in the material of the component ( 1, 6 ). 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the steel tubes ( 2 ) with an outside elastically deformable coating ( 3 ) are pulled over, the latter in the material of the construction part ( 1, 6 ) is integrated. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the coating ( 3 ) consists of a corrosion-inhibiting material, in particular a cement-polymer mixture. 5. Device according to one of the preceding claims 3 or 4, characterized in that in the coating ( 3 ) Be metal particles are integrated. 6. Device according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the component ( 1, 6 ) consists essentially of a material based on a clay-cement mixture which is porous by firing. 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the clay-cement mixture is preferably a cement proportion of 25 vol.% and a clay proportion of 75 vol.% having. 8. Device according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the component ( 1, 6 ) with respect to its surface is at least partially insulated from heat and mass transfer with the order environment. 9. Device according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the component ( 1, 6 ) for receiving evaporation water is equipped with holes ( 8 ) or a system of holes ( 8 ), the connection with a water supply device in Wirkver stand. 10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the bores ( 8 ) are in communication with each other and at least one, the volume of the component ( 1, 6 ) before preferably evenly traversing cable train bil. 11. The device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the water supply device with a liquid level in the bores ( 8 ) controlling level control device is in active connection. 12. Device according to one of the preceding claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the steel pipes ( 2 ) serving for guiding the heat transfer medium and the bores ( 8 ) are arranged together in one component ( 1, 6 ). 13. Device according to one of the preceding claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the steel pipes ( 2 ) serving for guiding the heat transfer medium and the bores ( 8 ) are arranged in different, but interconnected components ( 1, 6 ) . 14. Device according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the surfaces of the components ( 1, 6 ) are structured.