DE3515659C1 - Kolbenring - Google Patents
KolbenringInfo
- Publication number
- DE3515659C1 DE3515659C1 DE3515659A DE3515659A DE3515659C1 DE 3515659 C1 DE3515659 C1 DE 3515659C1 DE 3515659 A DE3515659 A DE 3515659A DE 3515659 A DE3515659 A DE 3515659A DE 3515659 C1 DE3515659 C1 DE 3515659C1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- piston ring
- curvature
- piston
- ring
- areas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004836 empirical method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
- F16J9/12—Details
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S277/00—Seal for a joint or juncture
- Y10S277/931—Seal including temperature responsive feature
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Description
den, die eine Erhöhung der radialen Anpreßkraft infolge thermischer Längenänderung des Kolbenringes gegenüber
der Zylinderwand erfahren. Diese Bereiche sind demgegenüber konstruktiv so auszulegen, daß sie bereits
im [üinbau/.usland mit gegenüber dem Rcslflächcn- r>
bereich reduzierter, radialer Anprcßkral'l an der Zylinderwand anliegen.
Wie vorab bereits angesprochen, weichen die Übergangsbereiche der Krümmungsradien in Abhängigkeit
von der Form des Kolbenringes voneinander ab, so daß einem weiteren Gedanken der Erfindung gemäß, je
nachdem, ob es sich um einen elliptischen oder einen ovalen Kolbenring handelt, die Bereiche reduzierter, radialer
Anpreßkraft einen Drehwinkelbereich zwischen 5 und 45° einschließen. Diese Bereiche sind beiderseits
der Stoßenden des Ringes, um einen definierten Drehwinkel dazu versetzt sowie diesen diametral gegenüberliegend,
angeordnet, wobei bei mittiger Lage des Stoßes im Bereich der langen bzw. kurzen Seite die Bereiche
mit den kleinsten Krümmungsradien die größte radiale Anpreßkraft auf die Zylinderwand ausüben.
Die Kontur des vorgeschlagenen Kolbenringes wird, nach einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung, abweichend
von der Lehre der US-PS 43 06 730, nicht empirisch ermittelt, sondern mathematisch festgelegt.
Die Krümmungsänderung des Kolbenringes zwischen nicht eingebautem und eingebautem Zustand soll
folgender mathematischer Gleichung (Differentialgleichung) genügen:
v"
M
ExI
Ak die Krümmungsänderung zwischen Einbauzustand und nicht eingebautem Zustand,
u,v kartesische Koordinaten des nicht eingebauten Zustandes
(nach Auflösung der Differentialgleichung),
x,y kartesische Koordinaten des eingebauten Zustandes (nach Auflösung der Differentialgleichung),
das Moment, hervorgerufen durch den Anpreßdruck,
das Moment, hervorgerufen durch den Anpreßdruck,
der Elastizitätsmodul,
das Flächenträgheitsmoment
das Flächenträgheitsmoment
30
35
40
I das Flächenträgheitsmoment
Bei runden Zylindern und den zugehörigen Kolbenringen ist eine thermische Längenänderung unproblematisch,
da der Krümmungsradius über den Umfang konstant ist. Die Längenänderung muß hierbei lediglich
im Stoßspiel berücksichtigt werden. Berechnungen von runden Kolbenringen zählen natürlich bereits zum
Stand der Technik (z. B. DE-AS 10 21 666 oder DE-PS 8 42 742). Die hier gemachten Angaben lassen sich jedoch
nicht auf von der Kreisform abweichende, insbesondere elliptische oder ovale Kolbenringe übertragen.
Die Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigt
F i g. 1 Prinzipskizze eines elliptischen Kolbenringes im Einbauzustand mit Radialkraftverteilung,
Fig.2, 3 Formkurven eines elliptischen und eines
ovalen Kolbenringes im nicht eingebauten und im eingebauten Zustand mit an unterschiedlichen Stellen gelegenem
Stoß.
F i g. 1 zeigt einen elliptischen Kolbenring 1 im eingebauten Zustand. Der hier dargestellte Zustand ist analog
auf einen ovalen Kolbenring mit im wesentlichen geradlinig verlaufenden Längsseiten zu übertragen.
Wie oben angesprochen, müssen Kolbenringe lichtspaltdicht sein. Daher ist die Kontur im freien Zustand
auf mindestens 0,01 mm zu bestimmen. Dies ist nicht mehr empirisch möglich, sondern wird anhand der aufgeführten
Formel mathematisch, d. h. durch numerische Integration durchgeführt. Eine nach dieser mathematischen
Formel herstellbare Kontur ist in F i g. 1 dargestellt. Der Kolbenring 1 weist im mittleren Bereich seiner
kurzen Seite 2 einen Stoß 3 auf. Bedingt durch die elliptische Kontur, weist der Kolbenring 1, in Umfangsrichtung
gesehen, mehrere Krümmungsradien 4—11 auf. Die Übergangsbereiche 5, 7,9 und 11, die zwischen
den Krümmungsradien 4, 6, 8 und 10 liegen, sind so geformt, daß sie im Einbauzustand eine verringerte radiale
Anpreßkraft auf die nicht weiter dargestellte Zylinderwand ausüben. Diese verringerte Anpreßkraft soll
auch im Betriebszustand, wenn auch nicht in der Weise wie im kalten Zustand, in jedem Fall aufrechterhalten
bleiben, um einem erhöhten Verschleiß in diesen Bereichen entgegenzuwirken. Die Bereiche 5, 7, 9 und 11
verringerter Anpreßkraft erstrecken sich hier über einen Drehwinkel von etwa 30°. Dieses Maß verändert
sich jedoch im Hinblick auf unterschiedliche Konturen des Kolbenringes 1 und ist von Fall zu Fall erneut festzulegen.
Ausgehend von den Stoßenden 12,13 des Kolbenringes 1, sind es die Bereiche 4, 6, 8 und 10, in Uhrzeigersinn
gesehen, die, jeweils um 90° dazu versetzt, kleinste Krümmungsradien aufweisend, die größte radiale Anpreßkraft
auf die Zylinderwand ausüben.
Die Fig.2 und 3 zeigen Prinzipskizzen von Kolbenringen,
d. h. deren Formkurven, errechnet nach der vorabstehenden Gleichung, in nicht eingebauten Zustand
14,14' sowie in eingebauten Zustand 15,15'. Dargestellt
ist aus Gründen der Übersicht lediglich die Mittellinie der pressungsoptimierten Kolbenringe 1. Wie bereits
aufgezeigt, ist es unerheblich, welche von der Kreisform abweichende Kontur der Kolbenring 1 aufweist bzw. an
welcher Seite des Ringes der Stoß 3 sich befindet.
Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen
- Leerseite -
Claims (4)
1. Selbstspannender Kolbenring für unrunde, ins- ßige, radiale Anpreßkraft auf die ihn umgebende Zylinbesondere
ovale oder elliptische Kolbenzylinder, 5 derwand ausübt. Dies erfolgt durch Veränderung der
dessen Krümmungsradien, in Umfangsrichtung ge- Krümmungsradien infolge mechanischer Verformung
sehen, vor und nach der Montage derart voneinan- vor und während der Montage des Kolbenringes.
der abweichen, daß im Einbauzustand eine definierte Kolbenringe müssen bekannterweise lichtspaltdicht
Pressungsverteilung am Ringumfang erreichbar ist, sein, daher ist die Kontur im freien, d. h. nicht montier-
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Über- io ten Zustand, auf mindestens 0,01 mm zu bestimmen. Bei
gangsbereiche (5,7,9,11) der Krümmungsradien des den im obengenannten US-Patent angesprochenen KoI-
Kolbenringes (1) im kalten Einbauzustand so ausge- benringen soll die Kontur empirisch aufgefunden wer-
bildet sind, daß sie eine gegenüber den Restumfangs- den. Bei den hierbei geforderten Genauigkeiten ist ein
bereichen (4, 6, 8, 10) verringerte radiale Anpreß- empirisches Ermittlungsverfahren der Formkurve des
kraft auf die Zylinderwand ausüben. 15 Kolbenringes im nicht eingebauten Zustand mit gleich-
2. Kolbenring nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn- zeitigem Rückschluß auf die radiale Anpreßkraft im einzeichnet,
daß die eine verringerte radiale Anpreß- gebauten Zustand stark anzuzweifeln.
kraft auf die Zylinderwand ausübenden Bereiche (5, Darüber hinaus weist der angesprochene Kolbenring
7,9,11) je nachdem, ob es sich um einen elliptischen noch folgende Nachteile auf:
oder um einen ovalen Kolbenring (1) handelt, sich 20 Im motorischen Betrieb dehnen sich insbesondere
über einen Drehwinkelbereich zwischen 5 und 45° ovale oder elliptische Kolbenringe stärker in Längsricherstrecken.
tung aus als die sie umgebende Zylinderwand. Bei nied-
3. Kolbenring nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch rigen Temperaturen (Einbauzustand) wird eine begekennzeichnet,
daß die Übergangsbereiche (5, 7,9, stimmte Stelle des Kolbenringes die Zylinderwand an
11) so ausgebildet sind, daß sie auch während des 25 einer anderen Umfangsstelle berühren als im warmen
Betriebszustandes unter geringerer radialer An- Zustand (Betriebszustand). Kolbenring und Zylinderpreßkraft
an der Zylinderwand anliegen als die Rest- wand verändern also ihre gegenseitige Lage in Abhänumfangsbereiche
(4,6,8,10) des Kolbenringes (1). gigkeit von der Temperatur. Daraus resultiert bei einem
4. Kolbenring nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, da- Kolbenring, wie ihn die US-PS 43 06 730 beschreibt, eidurch
gekennzeichnet, daß die Krümmungsände- 30 ne Erhöhung der radialen Anpreßkraft in bestimmten
rung des Kolbenrings (1) zwischen nicht eingebau- Umfangsbereichen, wodurch sich letztendlich ein crtem
und eingebautem Zustand folgender mathema- höhter Verschleiß mit dem Resultat einer nur geringen
tischer Gleichung genügt: Lebensdauer des Kolbenringes einstellt. Je nach Kontur
des Kolbenringes kann die thermische Längenänderung
Ak= v" - -v" = ^ 35 auc'1 e'ne derartige Verformung im Übergangsbereich
~ (i+v'2)."·/: (j+v/2)2/3 £xj ' der Krümmungsradien bewirken, daß der Ring hier
lichtspaltundicht, d.h. für das abzudichtende Medium worin durchlässig wird.
Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe besteht
Ak die Krümmungsänderung zwischen Einbauzu- 40 darin, bei einem gattungsgemäßen Kolbenring im Bestand
und nicht eingebautem Zustand, triebszustand Stellen am Ringumfang mit erhöhter Flä-
u,v kartesische Koordinaten des nicht eingebauten chenpressung zu vermeiden und damit einem partiell
Zustandes (nach Auflösung der Differentialglei- erhöhten Verschleiß entgegenzuwirken,
chung), Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, x,y kartesische Koordinaten des eingebauten Zu- 45 daß die Übergangsbereiche der Krümmungsradien des
Standes (nach Auflösung der Differentialglei- Kolbenringes im kalten Einbauzustand so ausgebildet
chung), sind, daß sie eine gegenüber den Restflächenbereichen M das Moment, hervorgerufen durch den Anpreß- verringerte radiale Anpreßkraft.auf die Zylinderwand
druck, ausüben. Durch diese Maßnahme wird sichergestellt, E der Elastizitätsmodul und 50 daß im Betriebszustand unter thermischer Belastung
/ das Flächenträgheitsmoment trotz erhöhter Längenänderung des Kolbenringes im
Verhältnis zur Kolbenzylinderwand keine kritischen
ist. Stellen am Ringumfang geschaffen werden, die einer
erhöhten Anpressung ausgesetzt sind und somit keinen
55 daraus resultierenden erhöhten Verschleiß in diesen Bereichen hervorrufen.
Die eine gegenüber dem Restflächenbereich verrin-
Die Erfindung betrifft einen selbstspannenden KoI- gerte radiale Anpreßkraft auf die Zylinderwand ausbenring
für unrunde, insbesondere ovale oder elliptische übenden Bereiche sind vorzugsweise dort angeordnet,
Kolbenzylinder, dessen Krümmungsradien, in Umfangs- ω) wo die unterschiedlichen Krümmungsradien des Ringrichtung
gesehen, vor und nach der Montage derart umfanges ineinander übergehen. Bei rein elliptischen
voneinander abweichen, daß im Einbauzustand eine de- Kolbenringen findet zwischen der langen und der kurfinierte
Pressungsverteilung am Ringumfang erreichbar zen Seite ein allmählicher Übergang zwischen den beiist,
den Hauptkrümmungsradien statt, wohingegen bei ei-Durch die US-PS 43 06 730 ist bereits ein ovaler oder 65 nem ovalen Kolbenring mit im wesentlichen abgeflachelliptischer
Kolbenring der angesprochenen Galtung ten Längsseiten der Übergang zwischen Krümmungsrabekannt.
Der Kolbenring, dessen Stoß vorzugsweise im dius und Abflachung liegt. Hier sind im wesentlichen die
kurzen Bereich vorgesehen ist, wird vor der Montage in kritischen Stellen am Umfang des Kolbenringes zu fin-
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3515659A DE3515659C1 (de) | 1985-05-02 | 1985-05-02 | Kolbenring |
| US07/263,964 US4957212A (en) | 1985-05-02 | 1988-10-26 | Non-circular piston rings |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3515659A DE3515659C1 (de) | 1985-05-02 | 1985-05-02 | Kolbenring |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3515659C1 true DE3515659C1 (de) | 1986-08-28 |
Family
ID=6269543
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3515659A Expired DE3515659C1 (de) | 1985-05-02 | 1985-05-02 | Kolbenring |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4957212A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE3515659C1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (435)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05503490A (ja) * | 1990-01-16 | 1993-06-10 | エトリウム・インコーポレイテッド | プローブ及び反転装置 |
| US5201875A (en) * | 1990-01-16 | 1993-04-13 | Aetrium, Inc. | Probe and inverting apparatus |
| DE4019917A1 (de) * | 1990-06-22 | 1992-01-09 | Mahle Gmbh | Tauchkolben fuer verbrennungsmotoren |
| US5711472A (en) * | 1991-10-18 | 1998-01-27 | United States Surgical Corporation | Self contained gas powered surgical apparatus |
| US6250532B1 (en) | 1991-10-18 | 2001-06-26 | United States Surgical Corporation | Surgical stapling apparatus |
| US5320075A (en) * | 1993-03-10 | 1994-06-14 | Chrysler Corporation | Internal combustion engine with dual ignition for a lean burn |
| US5450784A (en) * | 1993-09-28 | 1995-09-19 | Detroit Diesel Corporation | Electroplated piston skirt for improved scuff resistance |
| GB2283555A (en) * | 1993-11-04 | 1995-05-10 | Ford Motor Co | Piston ring seal |
| US5544627A (en) * | 1995-03-21 | 1996-08-13 | Terziev; Nicola | Engine design for gasoline/diesel engines |
| US5673923A (en) * | 1995-04-18 | 1997-10-07 | Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Split seal ring made of synthetic resin having crossed diverging ends |
| US20070084897A1 (en) | 2003-05-20 | 2007-04-19 | Shelton Frederick E Iv | Articulating surgical stapling instrument incorporating a two-piece e-beam firing mechanism |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE842742C (de) * | 1950-08-05 | 1952-06-30 | Hartmut Dipl-Ing Arnold | Kolbenring konstanter Staerke fuer schnellaufende Kraft- und Arbeitsmaschinen |
| DE1021666B (de) * | 1956-07-04 | 1957-12-27 | Teves Kg Alfred | Selbstspannender Ring, insbesondere Kolbenring |
| US4306730A (en) * | 1979-06-20 | 1981-12-22 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Piston ring for internal combustion engine |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1406475A (en) * | 1919-08-30 | 1922-02-14 | John F Morgal | Piston ring |
| GB714364A (en) * | 1951-04-18 | 1954-08-25 | Goetzewerke | Improvements relating to piston rings and methods of making the same |
| JPS6140932Y2 (de) * | 1978-03-31 | 1986-11-21 | ||
| JPS602530B2 (ja) * | 1979-08-29 | 1985-01-22 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 内燃機関用コンロツド |
-
1985
- 1985-05-02 DE DE3515659A patent/DE3515659C1/de not_active Expired
-
1988
- 1988-10-26 US US07/263,964 patent/US4957212A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE842742C (de) * | 1950-08-05 | 1952-06-30 | Hartmut Dipl-Ing Arnold | Kolbenring konstanter Staerke fuer schnellaufende Kraft- und Arbeitsmaschinen |
| DE1021666B (de) * | 1956-07-04 | 1957-12-27 | Teves Kg Alfred | Selbstspannender Ring, insbesondere Kolbenring |
| US4306730A (en) * | 1979-06-20 | 1981-12-22 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Piston ring for internal combustion engine |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| MÜLLER R.: Mathematische Methoden und Probleme rund um den Kolbenring, In: Sonderdruck der Teves-Thompson GmbH, Barsinghausen, 1979 * |
| MÜLLER, R.: Zur Formgebung des Kolbenrings, In: Technische Tagung 1968 S.59-76 * |
| TRUESDELL C.: Exact Theory of self Expanding Poston Rings. In: Ingenieur-Archiv 1961, XXX Bd. S.77-87 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4957212A (en) | 1990-09-18 |
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