DE3315639A1 - Clamping device for detachably holding an object on a tubular wall - Google Patents

Abstract

In a clamping device for detachably holding an object on a tubular wall (10), first wedges (36) which rest on a supporting surface (32) (which is normal to the axis) of a supporting body (14), and second wedges (38) which rest on a supporting surface (34) (which is normal to the axis) of a clamping ring (26) which is axially displaceable relative to the supporting body (14) are arranged in an alternating sequence in the circumferential direction, the wedge surfaces (44 and 46 respectively) of each wedge (36, 38) which are intended to come into contact on adjacent wedges (36, 38) - considered both in the axial direction and in the radial direction - being inclined with respect to one another. The wedges (36, 38) may be guided by means of T-groove guides (76, 86 and 80, 84 respectively) on the respective supporting surface (32, 34) and with respect to one another. The clamping device in consequence enables central clamping and opening of the clamping device by force reversal. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a clamping device for releasably holding an object on a tubular Wall comprising an annular support body, one arranged at least approximately coaxially with the latter Clamping ring and a plurality of wedges arranged radially adjustable between the support body and the clamping ring, wherein the support body and the clamping ring are adjustable relative to one another in the axial direction.

Such clamping devices are used, for example, machines for processing pipes within a To hold pipe such as a pipeline in a certain position. Likewise, such Clamping devices also for handling pipe rods or, for example, for climbing devices find use on tubular supports. There are already clamping devices known in which a slotted Expansion sleeve with inner cone expanded by an axially displaceable clamping sleeve with outer cone and thus can be pressed against the inner wall of a pipe. Such clamping devices have the disadvantage that they have only a small stroke of the clamping member, in this case the expansion sleeve. The expansion sleeve must be matched relatively precisely to the inner diameter of the pipe. The clamping of pipes with not exact circular diameter becomes difficult or impossible,

if you want to avoid deformation of the pipe.

Furthermore, a climbing hoist is known from DE-AS 21 038 03, which comprises two alternately operable clamping devices of the type mentioned, which with each other are connected and of which in operation one each on the column on which the hoist ascends or descends is to be tightened while the other is tightened. Also in the embodiment described there the clamping device only small radial adjustment paths of the wedges are possible. In addition, the clamping device has a considerable dimension in the radial direction.

The invention is based on the object of specifying a clamping device of the type mentioned at the outset, which is provided in small space requirement, optimal power flow and large stroke the clamping circular-cylindrical or approximately circular-cylindrical Configurations enabled.

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This object is achieved according to the invention in that resting on an axially normal support surface of the support body first wedges and second wedges resting on an axially normal support surface of the clamping ring in are arranged in an alternating sequence and that the intended to rest on adjacent wedges Wedge surfaces of each wedge - 'viewed both in the axial direction and in the radial direction - inclined towards one another are.

In the arrangement according to the invention, the radial displacement of the wedges outwards or inwards by sliding the first and second wedges axially into one another. The wedges are not affected by a radially outward

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shifted clamping member arranged half or radially within them. This has the inventive Clamping device in the radial direction requires little space, that is, for example, a relatively small one Outside diameter with a relatively large inside diameter at the same time. For this reason, it is particularly suitable for holding objects or machines within a pipeline, wherever the one is available Space is naturally very limited. At the same time, however, with a suitable choice of the wedge length and the angle of inclination of the wedge surfaces against each other achieve a fairly large stroke of the wedges.

Offers beyond the fulfillment of these basic requirements the clamping device according to the invention a wealth of possibilities. A self-centering of the clamping device with respect to the pipe wall occurs, for example, when at least some of the wedges each by means of a radially directed tongue and groove guide is slidably guided on the respective support surface and when the clamping ring is arranged coaxially to the support body and axially guided on this. Preferably at least also some of the wedges along the adjacent wedge surfaces by means of skewed ones to the axis Tongue-and-groove guides guided so that they can be displaced against one another.

If the above-mentioned tongue and groove guides are used as undercut tongue and groove guides, that is to say as a T-slot guide or are designed as a dovetail guide, the device according to the invention forcibly opens when the force is reversed, as the wedges can be both pulled and pushed. Due to the tongue and groove

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guides between the adjacent wedges when the first and second wedges are pulled apart axially causes a forced adjustment of the wedges radially inward. That means when designing the clamping system With the tongue and groove guides described above, the same clamping system can be used for clamping radially outwards as can also be used for clamping radially inwards.

For example, to open the clamping device To achieve a force reversal, is it also sufficient if, for example, only all first or all second wedges by means of? radially directed tongue and groove guides are guided on the respective support surface.

The wedges can be designed so that, for example, each wedge on its one wedge surface Has a groove and on its other wedge surface a tongue or that, for example, the first wedges and grooves the second wedges have springs on their wedge surfaces. Optionally, depending on the geometry of the Overall arrangement a mixture of both forms can be used.

Are all wedges on the associated support surfaces and among each other by undercut tongue and groove guides out, in which the spring engages essentially free of play in the respective groove, so only one tube can with a circular cylindrical configuration without deformation be excited. In order to also allow clamping in the case of a configuration that is not exactly circular-cylindrical, must the wedges in the respective tongue and groove guides have a certain amount of play, for example by the groove is slightly wider than the associated tongue or, for example, in the case of a T-slot guide for receiving

of the T-head of the T-spring certain groove section has a greater height than the T-head, so that an Axialbzw. Tangential play of the springs in their respective grooves is present. It can also be used for clamping non-cylindrical or only approximately cylindrical configurations be useful if certain wedges comprise two parts lying along one between their wedge surfaces cylindrically curved sliding plane relative to each other ■ are. As a result, they can take part in such a Wedge subsequent wedges are tilted so that they adapt to a curved surface, whose axis of curvature does not coincide with the cylinder axis of the clamping device. In the event of major deviations from the tensioning tube of the circular cylindrical configuration, it can also be useful, the wedges among one another. to guide other and on their respective support surfaces with the help of tongue and groove guides, each with a T-slot in the support surface or the corresponding wedge surfaces and a crossed T-nut, the two Sections of the T-slot nut that run transversely to one another can also be pivoted about an axis relative to one another that is perpendicular to both of them.

An axial play in the radially directed tongue and groove guides, which the wedges with the clamping ring or the Connect supporting body can also have the following purpose. In the case of self-locking clamping devices, could it can happen as a result of high static friction that the available opening force is not sufficient to the Open the clamping device. If, for example, some wedges of a wedge group have radial tongue and groove guides, in which the springs are guided in the grooves with practically no play, while the other wedges are guided by radial tongue and groove guides with an axial play on the support body or

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are guided by the clamping ring, the entire one acts when it is opened for the opening existing axial force initially only on the first-mentioned wedges. These wedges open first. As a result, the tension of the entire Keilan order collapses, so that all the wedges are now used the axial clearance can be opened.

A self-locking tensioning device can be realized that the wedges of a single group, that is, either the first or the second wedges protrude radially beyond the respective other wedge group and just touch the part to be exciting. The wedges of the other group are loaded axially in the tensioning direction. All or only a part of the sliding surfaces of the clamping device - with the exception of the contact points of the Wedges with the part to be clamped - are separated by rolling elements so that rolling friction takes place at these points a sliding friction arises. It is possible to design the clamping system in such a way that a first infeed takes place with little force until the wedges touch the part to be clamped, and then the actual part Apply clamping force, for example, by means of a toggle lever.

If the part to be clamped does not need to be supported over the entire circumference, the Clamping device can also be designed so that the wedges of a wedge group radially projecting prismatic extensions have, which are intended to rest on the pipe wall of the part to be clamped and through a window Grab the cage that surrounds the groups of wedges. As a result, the wedge arrangement is secured against contamination, for example prevents dirt from getting between the

wedge surfaces sliding against one another and hinders the sliding movement of the wedges against one another.

The clamping device is preferably constructed in such a way that the support body has a support surface Has support ring and a tubular support sleeve connected coaxially therewith, on which the clamping ring is mounted axially displaceably, the clamping ring with a support sleeve coaxially and at a radial distance surrounding clamping sleeve is connected. In the annular space between the clamping sleeve and the support sleeve can then Positioning arrangement for generating an axial relative displacement between the clamping ring and the support body will. The entire arrangement, with the exception of the wedges, is thus protected between two cylindrical ones Sleeves arranged. The adjusting arrangement can be designed in many ways. Preferably it consists of one Large number of druckmitte1-actuated working cylinders, which are at regular angular intervals in this annulus are arranged and are supported on the one hand on the support body and on the other hand on the clamping ring. To a montage to enable wedges in hard-to-reach places, for example inside a pipe it is useful if the support ring is detachably connected to the support sleeve. Support sleeves are expedient and clamping sleeve rotatably but axially displaceably guided against one another by, for example axially parallel, radially outwardly projecting ribs on the support sleeve in complementary rails engage on the inner circumference of the clamping sleeve or vice versa. This also ensures a possibility of the clamping ring to lead on the support body insensitive to heat even with large diameters of the arrangement.

The device according to the invention enables the following Advantages:

Centric clamping of circular cylindrical configurations and approximately circular cylindrical configurations, especially with thin-walled circular cylindrical or almost circular cylindrical parts without the There is a risk of major deformation of the parts to be clamped, as the wedges provide numerous support points are available, and the wedges adapt to a limited extent to the deviations of the part to be clamped adapt from the circular cylindrical configuration.

The clamping device according to the invention enables large Clamping strokes, ensures an optimal flow of forces and can also cause temperature fluctuations in the clamped state cope with. It takes up little space, can be self-locking and can open by reversing the force.

It can be used for both internal and external clamping be formed. In the clamped state, the support body can be connected to the part to be clamped without play, so that a device connected to the support body is centered and free of play, for example can be held inside a pipe, for example, to mill or grind a weld seam.

Further advantages and features of the invention emerge from the following description, which in conjunction With the accompanying drawings, the invention is explained on the basis of exemplary embodiments. Show it:

1 shows a semi-schematic containing the axis Section through a pipe with the erfindungsge

proper clamping device,

Fig. 2 is a half section along line II-II in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a half section along line III-III in Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is a half section along line IV-IV in Fig. 1,

5 shows a schematic representation of a double row of wedges in the plane to explain the operation of the invention

Clamping device,

6 shows a schematic representation of a cylindrical configuration of two rows of wedges, 15th

7 shows a perspective illustration of two wedges adjacent to one another,

8 shows a representation of a wedge arrangement corresponding to FIG. 5, but with an opposite

over the arrangement in Fig. 5 changed geometry,

9 shows a schematic representation of a wedge arrangement corresponding to FIG. 5 with a different

modified design of the support surfaces,

FIG. 10 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 9

another embodiment of wedges, 30

; 11 is an end view of one in the arrangement according to FIG Fig. 10 used wedge in the direction of its larger base area,

12 shows a perspective illustration of a further embodiment of a wedge,

13 is a perspective view of a wedge with a T-groove or a T-tongue on his

Wedge surfaces or its base surface,

14 shows a schematic illustration according to FIG. 5 of a wedge arrangement using wedges according to Fig. 13,

15 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 14 using symmetrically designed wedges,
15th

16 shows an axially normal partial section through the inventive Clamping device with a wedge arrangement divided into sectors,

FIG. 17 shows a view corresponding to FIG. 15 of the FIG the wedge arrangement shown in FIG. 16,

18 each shows a section through different groove

(a) - (e) spring guides,
25th

19 shows a section corresponding to FIG. 16 through a further embodiment of the clamping device according to the invention with a wedge arrangement without tongue and groove guides,

20 shows a section corresponding to FIG. 19 through a wedge arrangement with tongue and groove guides,

21 shows a side view of a crossed T-slot nut for connecting adjacent wedges,

22 is a side view and a partially sectioned (a) and (b) plan view of a crossed one T-nut with joint and

23 shows a section corresponding to FIG. 16 through a further embodiment of the invention Clamping device in which the wedge

arrangement is enclosed by a cage.

In Fig. 1 one recognizes in an axial section a section of an essentially cylindrical tube 10, for example a pipeline. In the tube 10 is located a generally designated 12 coaxial therewith Clamping device that works with a processing machine, not shown, for example a grinding or Milling machine can be connected and is used to relative this processing machine in a desired position to hold on to pipe 10. The tensioning device comprises a support body, generally designated 14 with a cylindrical support sleeve 16, which at one end with a support ring 18 of larger diameter and is connected to a support flange 20 at its other end. The jig further comprises a Generally designated 22 clamping body with a support sleeve 16 coaxially surrounding at a radial distance Clamping sleeve 24, which has a clamping ring 26 pointing radially inward at one end. In the between Support sleeve 16 and clamping sleeve 24 formed annular space 28 are distributed over the entire circumference of several pressure medium-operated Working cylinder 30 arranged, on the one hand on the support body 14 and on the other hand

support the clamping ring 26 and serve for the axial displacement of the clamping body 22 relative to the support body 14.

Between the axially normal ring or support surfaces 32 and 34 of the support ring 18 or of the facing each other Clamping ring 26 is a ring of first and second wedges 36 and 38, respectively, which move when there is an axial relative movement are adjustable between the support body 14 and the clamping body 22 in the radial direction and the clamping of the pipe 10 by the clamping device 12 according to the invention. Before moving on to the more details the clamping device shown in Figs. 1 to 4 will now be discussed in the following Functional principle of the clamping device according to the invention and various embodiments of wedge arrangements to be discribed. In so far as they are functionally identical parts, the same Reference numerals used. '

Fig. 5 shows a planar wedge arrangement with a number of juxtaposed, aligned first wedges 36, which rest with their base surface 40 on the support surface 32, as well as a second row of adjacent, to the first wedges 36 opposite second wedges 38, which with their base surface 42 at the support surface 34 and each engage between two first wedges 36. The support surfaces move 32 and 34 approach one another in the direction of arrows A, the first wedges 36 and the second wedges 38 in FIG Direction of arrows B pushed apart.

If the wedge arrangement shown in FIG. 5 is closed around a cylindrical surface to form a circle, the one shown schematically in FIG. 6 is obtained

Arrangement with a support ring 18, a clamping ring 26, first wedges 36 and second wedges 38. moved towards one another, the first and second wedges 36 and 38, respectively, are urged radially outward in the direction of the arrows C. However, this requires a shape of the wedges 36 and 38 that deviates from the prismatic wedge shape in the arrangement shown in FIG 38 lie in planes E which, viewed both in the axial direction and in the radial direction, intersect at an angle 06 or β . These wedge angles OC and β can be the same or different in the case of the first and second wedges 36 and 38, respectively.

The base surface 48 and the top surface 50 in the case of the first wedges 36 and the base surface 52 and the top surface, respectively the second wedges 38 are shown as flat surfaces in FIG. 7 for the sake of simplicity. you will be In practice, it is preferably curved cylindrically coaxially to the system axis 56 or from cylindrically curved ones Be composed of parts.

In Figs. 8 and 9 for the sake of simplicity the representation of FIG. 5, which is rolled out into the plane, is selected. It should, however, be shown schematically in the case of those there The arrangements shown are wedges of the type shown in FIG. Fig. 8 shows a wedge arrangement with first wedges 36 and second wedges 38, in which the wedges have the same wedge angle have as in the arrangement in FIG. 6, but in the the axial space between the support surfaces

32 and 34 have been shortened so that the wedges of a wedge group are normally not at the edges of their base surfaces touch.

Fig. 9 shows an embodiment in which the support surfaces 32 and 34 are depressions between two wedges 58, in which the respective opposing wedges 36 and 38 can dip. Through this the axial adjustment path and thus also the radial stroke of the wedges 36 and 38 can be increased without the wedges having to extend it myself.

Fig. 10 shows an embodiment in which by interlocking adjacent wedges of the same wedge group, the radial wedge stroke can be increased. According to Fig. 11, which shows a prismatic wedge corresponding to a planar wedge arrangement, have the wedges at the edges, which the .related base area with the respective Forms wedge surfaces, mutually offset recesses 60, which are separated by remaining teeth 6 2 from each other are separated. Due to the toothing formed in this way, wedges lying next to one another can the same Wedge groups move together as they move radially inward beyond the baseline of their base surfaces, the complementary teeth of adjacent wedges interlocking, as shown in Fig. 10 is represented by the intersecting wedge surfaces. With this arrangement, otherwise the same Wedge size and wedge shape increase the radial stroke of the assembly as the wedges move closer together can.

So far, arrangements have been considered in which the wedge surfaces without a special guide

can slide each other or with their base surfaces on the respective support surface. With such arrangements centric clamping is not possible, nor is it ensured that the clamping device will not work when the force is reversed opens.

A central clamping, that is, a centering of the clamping device relative to the axis of the one to be clamped Part sets a coaxial arrangement and guidance of the support body 14 and the clamping body 22 on one another as well a radial guidance of the wedges or at least a part of the wedges. The axial guidance of the support body 14 and the clamping body 22 on one another will be explained in more detail later with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. One The first embodiment of a radially guidable wedge is shown in FIG. In this case, the Wedge 64 immediately adjoining its base surface 66 has a prismatic section 68, the sides of which - or wedge surfaces 70 - taper in the radial, but not in the axial direction. With this section 68 could, for example, the wedge 64 between radially directed ribs, spokes or the like the respective support surface are guided in the radial direction.

A wedge in the manner of the wedge 64 described can be used both as a first and as a second wedge.

A wedge shape that is used for both central clamping and forcible opening of the clamping device is suitable when the force is reversed, is shown in FIG. 13 and generally designated by 72. This wedge 72 is correct in its basic shape with the wedges 36 and 38 shown in Fig. 7 and can both as the first as

can also be used as a second wedge. On its base surface 74, it has a T-shaped cross-section Rib or T-spring 76, which is directed radially. On one of its wedge surfaces 78 there is one in cross section T-shaped groove 80 is formed, while the wedge 72 has a complementary one on its opposite wedge surface 82 T-spring 84 carries. As shown in FIG. 14, the wedge 72 engages with its T-spring 76 on its base surface 74 in a complementary radially directed T-groove 86 in the support ring 18 or the clamping ring 26, while at the same time, his T-tongue 84 engages on the wedge surface 82 in the T-groove 80 of an adjacent wedge .72 and its T-slot 80 receives the T-tongue 84 of the other adjacent wedge 72. As you can see, at an axial relative movement of the support ring 18 and clamping ring 26, the wedges 72 radially exactly on the support ring 18 or the clamping ring 26 out. In connection with the above-mentioned coaxial arrangement of the support body 14 and clamping body 22, a central clamping of circular cylindrical configurations is possible. Such Radial guidance would also be possible with a simple tongue and groove guide in which the groove is not undercut is, so no wrap is provided. The T-slot guide provided in the present case makes it possible but it to pull the wedges when axially moving apart of the support ring 18 and clamping ring 26, so that the Bracing of the wedge arrangement is released.

Due to the tongue-and-groove guides 80, 84 in the area of the adjacent wedge surfaces 78, 82 more contiguous Wedges 72 become radial when the support ring 18 and the clamping ring 26 move apart drawn inwards. The provided tongue and groove guides 80, 84 thus ensure that the

ge movement of the wedges when the force is reversed. This is true of both in the event that a compression of the support ring and clamping ring and thus a radially outward one Movement of the wedges should be tensioned as well in the event that by pulling apart Support ring and clamping ring and thus a radially inward movement of the wedges is to be tensioned, as this would be necessary for a clamping device suitable for external clamping.

FIG. 15 shows a view corresponding to FIG. 14 of a wedge arrangement in which the wedges 72 differ from those of the wedges 72 shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 differ only in that the one shown in FIG. 15 below located first wedges on both wedge surfaces 78 and 82 each have a T-spring 84, while the in Second wedges located at the top of the figure in the wedge surfaces 78 and 82 each have a T-groove. In the However, the function of the arrangement shown in FIG. 15 corresponds to that of FIG.

16 and 17 show an embodiment in which, in the tensioned state, the support body 14 is free of play the tensioned pipe 10 is connected. For this purpose, the support sleeve is at angular intervals of 120 ° on its outer circumference provided with radially outwardly projecting axially parallel projections 88, which in the wedge arrangement protrude and on the flanks of each half-wedge 90 by means of a radially directed tongue and groove guide 92, 94 (FIGS. 16 and 17) are guided in a radially displaceable manner. When tensioning the wedge arrangement, the Half-wedges pressed against the flanks of the extensions 88 so that the support body 14 is firmly between the half-wedges clamped and thus free of play with the clamped pipe

10 is connected. Without these extensions 88 there would theoretically be a possibility, especially in this case by the radial guides 76, 86 between the wedges and the support ring 18 are not present that the Support body about its axis 56 even in the tensioned state has a certain rotational play. This also applies in particular to the case in which in the radial tongue and groove guides 76, 86 there is intentionally a certain amount of play, as will be explained in the following.

In Fig. 16 it can also be seen that the wedge arrangement is divided by the extensions 88 into three sectors, each one for itself with respect to an axis containing center plane are constructed symmetrically with a symmetrical middle part, which is in its Wedge surfaces each have a T-slot 80, as well as with 'asymmetrical wedges located on both sides of the same, each having a T-groove 80 in one wedge surface and a T-tongue 84 on the other wedge surface.

In Fig. 18 are different embodiments of the tongue and groove guides shown. Figures 18a and 18b show a common T-slot guide or a dovetail guide.

In FIG. 18d, the height h of the groove section intended to receive the T head of the T tongue is higher than the corresponding dimension of the T-head. This allows the T-spring to play in the direction of the double arrow D in Figure 18d. If there is such an axial play in the radially directed tongue and groove guide 76, 86 At least some wedges are provided, as shown in FIG. 17, so acts when the Clamping device of the clamping ring on the wedges

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exercised train in Fig. 17, for example, initially only. on the center wedge, which is free of play. In the event of ι self-locking clamping devices, it could happen due to high static friction that the available standing opening force is not sufficient to retract all wedges at the same time and thereby the Open the clamping device. In the device shown in FIG. 17, however, the concentrated total opening force only on the central wedge. This wedge opens first. This breaks the tension together, whereupon these can be easily opened after the axial play on the other wedges has been used up.

18c and 18e show a tongue and groove guide, at which the groove is wider than the associated tongue. The arrangement according to FIG. 18e represents a combination from the arrangements according to FIGS. 18c and 18d. If one sees such a game in the tongue and groove guides 76, 86, the wedges can also have a slight radial movement on their respective support surfaces Execute tangential movement. This gives the wedges the opportunity to adapt to deviations in the. exciting Adapt part of the ideal circular cylindrical configuration, so that not exactly circular cylindrical Configurations can be clamped without being deformed by the clamping device.

In order to facilitate such a compensating movement of the wedges with an approximately circular-cylindrical configuration, an arrangement according to FIGS. 19 and 20 can be provided. With her they are directly on the appendages 88 (FIG. 19) or wedges 96 or 98 adjoining the half wedges 90 (FIG. 20) are designed as joint wedges

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♦ Sifa *

with two parts 96a and 96b, or 98a and 98b, which run along a part-cylindrical, around one to the system axis 56 parallel axis of curvature curved sliding surface 100 are displaceable relative to one another. For example, move the half-wedges 96b in FIG. 19 in the direction of the double arrow F, the leads between the two Half-wedges 96b of a sector that the entire wedge group of a sector is no longer exactly centered with respect to the system axis 56. In the groups of wedges located in the three sectors adjust to a mean diameter in this way, see above that an adjustment of the wedge groups to the rounds of the to the exciting part can be done.

The arrangement of FIG. 20 differs from that 19 only in that the arrangement of the 19 does not provide any tongue and groove guides between the wedges and the respective support surfaces, while the arrangement according to FIG. 20 has such tongue and groove guides, with between the two halves 98a and 98b of the joint wedge 98, a cylindrically curved tongue and groove guide 102, 104 is also provided is.

Should the clamping device also be suitable for large deviations of the parts to be clamped from the circular shape be, where large adjustment paths are required, can ^ NEN the wedges with each other or with the support ring and the clamping ring by a crossed T-slot nut 106 may be connected to one another, as shown in FIG. 21. Fig. 22 shows a variant of such T-slot nut in which the two transverse sections 106a and 106b are connected by a joint

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The clamping body 22 and the support body 14 are displaceable in the axial direction but are guided non-rotatably with respect to one another. For this purpose, the support is on the outer circumference. sleeve 16 protruding radially from this, axially parallel Ribs 116 screwed on with the aid of screws 118. There are three such ribs 116 provided, which are arranged at angular intervals of 120 ° and im Area of the wedge arrangement merge into the extensions 88, which divide the wedge arrangement into three sectors.

On its inner circumference, the clamping sleeve 24 has U-shaped protruding radially inwardly at equal angular intervals Rails 120 which overlap the ribs 116 and with the help of which the clamping sleeve 24 is interposed by roller bearings 122 on the ribs 116 axially displaceable but is mounted non-rotatably with respect to the support sleeve 16.

The support sleeve 16 has in each case between the ribs 116 radially thickened sections 124, in each of which three bores 126 for receiving the cylinder liners the working cylinder 30 are formed. These cylinder liners are at their end remote from the wedge arrangement closed by the radial flange 20, which is firmly connected to the support sleeve 16 in a manner not shown is.

The piston rods are located at the end of the thickened section of the support sleeve 16 facing the wedge arrangement 130 of the working cylinder 30 each led out of the working cylinder 30 by means of a passage 132. The piston rods 130 are screwed to the respective pistons 13 3.

The clamping body 22 has in addition to the clamping ring 26 in one

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small axial distance from this one radially inwardly facing Rincjflansch 134, which for each piston rod 130 has a radially inwardly open U-shaped slot 136 in which the piston rod 130 intervenes. The piston rod is in each case by one to prevent it from slipping out of the slot 136 axially Collar 138 or 140 secured, which of course can also be formed by a nut or the like. the Working cylinders 30 can thus move the clamping body 22 back and forth in both axial directions.

The entire device is designed in such a way that it can be assembled and disassembled within the tube 10 can. The support ring 18 is connected to the support sleeve 16 or the extensions 88 by means of screws 142. Will If the support ring 142 is released, the first wedges 36 are taken along and can radially inward out of the radial grooves 86 can be pushed out. After loosening the screw connection between the piston 133 and the piston rods 130 can then also the clamping body 22 together with the second wedges arranged on it 38 in FIG. 1 can be pulled down to the right by the support sleeve 16, whereupon the second wedges 38 can also be pushed out of the radial grooves 36 radially inward. An assembly of the device can be done in reverse order.

The device described above is suitable for the central clamping of circular cylindrical configurations, for approximately centric clamping of approximately circular cylindrical configurations and guarantees it an even distribution of force at the points of contact between the wedges and the surface to be clamped. The essential one

The advantage of the device according to the invention is that that the entire surface to be clamped is supported by the opposing wedges pressed into one another, while, for example, in the case of a single row of wedges, they differ from one another when they move radially outward remove, creating gaps between the wedges. In the jig according to the invention Due to this arrangement, deformation of thin-walled pipes as a result of the clamping process is hardly to be feared The device according to the invention enables large clamping strokes, so that pipes of different diameters can also be used can be clamped with one and the same clamping device. It ensures an optimal flow of power and enables the clamping device to be opened by reversing the force. The support body 14 is in the clamped state connected to the pipe 10 without play, so that a working machine can be attached to the support body, with which, for example, the pipe is to be machined on its inside. The clamping device shown is designed as an internal clamping device. However, the wedge arrangement of the invention is Can also be used for an external clamping device, i.e. a clamping device surrounding the part to be clamped. It understands that the axial adjustment of the clamping body 22 relative to the support body 14 also by other means can be done.

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Claims (26)

Claims / Clamping device for releasably holding an object on a tubular wall, comprising an annular wall Support body, a clamping ring arranged at least approximately coaxially to this and a plurality of between the support body and the clamping ring radially adjustable arranged wedges, wherein the support body and the clamping ring are adjustable relative to one another in the axial direction, characterized in that on an axially normal support surface (32) of the support body (14) adjacent first wedges (36) and on a normal to the axis Support surface (34) of the clamping ring (26) adjacent second wedges (38) in alternating circumferential direction Are arranged in order and that the wedge surfaces (44 or 46) of each wedge (36, 38) - viewed both in the axial direction and in the radial direction - against each other are inclined. 2. Clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that between the support surface sections ,, the two adjacent first and / or second wedges (36 and 38) are assigned, respectively a recess (58) is formed in the support body (18) or in the clamping ring (26). 3. Clamping device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized characterized in that at least some of the wedges (72) each by means of a radially directed Tongue and groove guide (76, 86) is displaceably guided on the respective support surface (32, 34). 5 4. Clamping device according to claim 3, characterized that all first or all second wedges by means of radially directed tongue and groove guides (76, 86) are guided on the respective support surface (32, 34). 5. Clamping device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least some of the wedges (72) are along the one another adjacent wedge surfaces (78, 82) by means of tongue and groove guides (80, 84) directed obliquely to the axis are slidably guided. 6. Clamping device according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the Tongue and groove guides (76, 78 or 80, 84) are each designed as a wraparound. 7. Clamping device nach.Anspruch 5 or 6, thereby marked that at least some Wedges (72). its one wedge surface (78) has a groove ('8O) and on its other wedge surface (82) a tongue (84) exhibit. 8. Clamping device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that on the wedge surfaces a wedge group (1st or 2nd wedges 36 or 38) grooves (80) and on the wedge surfaces of the other wedge group (2nd or 1st wedges 38 or 36) the associated springs (84) are formed. 9. Clamping device according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the tongue and groove guide (76, 86; 80, 84) has a T-shaped cross section. 10. Clamping device according to claim 9, characterized characterized in that the groove section intended for receiving the T-head of the T-spring (76) has a greater height (h) compared to the T-head. 11. Clamping device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the T-groove (80, 86) is wider than the T-tongue (76, 84). 12. Clamping device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the wedges are connected to one another and / or to their respective support surface by a tongue and groove guide, comprises the T-slots in the respective wedge or support surfaces and each a crossed T-slot nut (106). 13. Clamping device according to claim 12, .due to this marked that the intersecting Parts (106a, 106b) of the T-nut (106) to one both of them vertically directed central axis are rotatable against each other. 14. Clamping device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the radially outer and / or radially inner boundary surface (50 or 48; 54 or 52) of each wedge (36, 38) at least approximately coaxial to the axis (56) of the support body (14) is curved. 15. Clamping device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the wedges have their wedge surfaces close to their respective Support surface (32, 34) facing end have a toothing forming recesses (60) for receiving the projections (62) of a complementary toothing of a catched wedge are determined. 16. Clamping device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the first wedges (36) or the second wedges (38) the respective other wedge group (38 or 36) in the radial direction tower above. 17. Clamping device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the Wedges (36) of a group of wedges have radially protruding prismatic extensions (110) which rest against are determined on the pipe wall of the part to be clamped (.10) and reach through the window (112) of a cage (114), which surrounds the wedge groups. 18. Clamping device according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the support body (14) has a support ring (18) having the support surface (32) and a support ring (18) coaxial therewith having connected tubular support sleeve (16) on which the clamping ring (26) is mounted axially displaceably, that the clamping ring (26) is coaxial with a support sleeve (16) and clamping sleeve surrounding it at a radial distance (24) is connected and that in the annular space (28) between clamping sleeve (24) and support sleeve (16) a pressure medium actuated adjusting arrangement (30) arranged for the axial relative displacement of the clamping ring (26) and support ring (18) is. 19. Clamping device according to claim 18, characterized characterized in that the actuating arrangement has a plurality of pressure-medium-actuated working cylinders (30) which are arranged at uniform angular intervals in the annular space (28) and on the one hand on the support body (14) and on the other hand on the clamping ring (26). 20. Clamping device according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the Support ring (18) is detachably connected to the support sleeve (16). 21. Clamping device according to one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that the Support sleeve (16) and the clamping sleeve (24) rotatably and are guided axially displaceably against one another. 22. Clamping device according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that on the support surface (32, 34) of the support body (14) or the clamping ring (26) at equal angular intervals the other support surface (34, 32) is formed axially projecting, radially directed guide ribs (88) which divide the circular arrangement into independent groups of wedges. 23. Clamping device according to claim 22, characterized in that directly to the in the circumferential direction facing surfaces of the guide ribs (88) half wedges (90) are in contact. 24. Clamping device according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that the wedges (96; 98) closest to the guide ribs (88) of each independent wedge group comprise two wedges (96a, 96b; 98a, 98b) which are curved along a partially cylindrical Sliding plane (100) are mutually displaceable.
10 25. Clamping device according to claim 24, characterized in that the two wedge parts (98a, 98b) are guided together by means of a tongue and groove guide (102, 104) running along the sliding surface (100) are. . 26. Clamping device according to one of claims 21 to 25, characterized in that on one of the sleeves (16, 24) axially parallel ribs (116) and on the other sleeve (24, 16) each of the ribs (116) overlapping axially parallel rails (120) are arranged are.