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DE303992C - - Google Patents

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Publication number
DE303992C
DE303992C DENDAT303992D DE303992DA DE303992C DE 303992 C DE303992 C DE 303992C DE NDAT303992 D DENDAT303992 D DE NDAT303992D DE 303992D A DE303992D A DE 303992DA DE 303992 C DE303992 C DE 303992C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
alkali
silica
coal
clay
added
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
DENDAT303992D
Other languages
German (de)
Publication of DE303992C publication Critical patent/DE303992C/de
Active legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/04Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition
    • C10B57/06Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition containing additives

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)

Description

Man hat 'bereits vorgeschlagen, bei der Verkokung von Kohle die alkalischen Verunreinigungen 'der Kohle, welche die Ausmauerung angreifen, durch Zuschläge vom Kieselsäure unschädlich zu machen. In diesem Fall werden die Kieselsäurezuschläge entsprechend den minimalen Verunreinigungen möglichst niedrig gehalten.It has already been suggested at the Coking coal is the alkaline impurities' of the coal that make up the brickwork attack, render harmless by adding silica. In this case the silica surcharges are made accordingly the minimal contamination is kept as low as possible.

In Gemäßheit der vorliegenden Erfindung wird nun Kieselsäure, Kalk oder Tonerde ebenfalls der Kohlenlbeschickung zugesetzt, aber entsprechend' den Verwendungszwecken in Mengen., welche dem Stickstoffgehalt chemisch entsprechen.In accordance with the present invention, there is now silica, lime or clay also added to the coal charge, but in accordance with the purposes of use in quantities which chemically correspond to the nitrogen content.

Wenn bei der Entgasung, Vergasung und \^erbrenniung dem Brennstoff Chlornatrium oder Chlorkali zugesetzt wird, so kann der Stickstoff der Kohle als Clorammonium ge-Avonnen werden. Aber die Vollständigkeit der Reaktion leidet darunter, daß das Alkalichlorid oder das entstandene Alkalioxyd bei den hohen Temperaturen mit den Gasen verdämpft und entweicht. Durch die Zuschläge von Kieselsäure, Tonerde, Kalk oder ihren Gemischen wird das Alkali in Gestalt von Silikaten, Aluminaten und ähnlichen schwerflüchtigen Verbindungen fixiert, so daß es nicht entweichen kann. Gleichzeitig wird die Abspaltung der Salzsäure erleichtert, besonders wenn diese Fixierung und die ganze Reaktion durch die Anwesenheit von Wasserdampf begünstigt wird.If in degassing, gasification and burning the fuel is sodium chloride or potassium chloride is added, the nitrogen in the coal can be converted into chlorammonium will. But the completeness of the reaction suffers from the fact that the alkali chloride or the resulting alkali oxide evaporates with the gases at high temperatures and escapes. Through the addition of silica, clay, lime or their mixtures, the alkali becomes in the form of Silicates, aluminates and similar non-volatile compounds fixed so that it cannot escape. At the same time, the splitting off of hydrochloric acid is facilitated, especially when this fixation and the whole reaction by the presence of water vapor is favored.

In Gemäßheit der vorliegenden Erfindung hat also der Zusatz von Kieselsäure, Tonerde, Kalk ο. dgl. bzw. Stoffen, welche diese enthalten, den Zweck, eine sichere vollständige Reaktion herbeizuführen, zweitens, die StickstoffauS'beute zu erhöhen und drittens, die Verdampfung des Alkalis zu verhindern. Dementsprechend ist es notwendig, die Kieselsäure, die Tonerde, den Kalk oder ihre Gemische in äquivalenten Mengen zuzusetzen.In accordance with the present invention So has the addition of silica, clay, lime ο. like. or substances that contain them, the purpose of bringing about a safe and complete reaction, and secondly, the nitrogen yield and thirdly, to prevent evaporation of the alkali. Accordingly, it is necessary to use the silica, add the clay, the lime or their mixtures in equivalent amounts.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel möge dieses erläutern :An exemplary embodiment should explain this:

I. Alk. Cl+NHOH= NH4 Cl+ Alk. OHI. Alk. Cl + NHOH = NH 4 Cl + Alk. OH

Alkali- Am- freiesAlkali-Am- free

chlorid moniak Alkalichloride moniak alkali

II. a) 2 Alk. OH+Si O2 = Alk.2 Si O3+H2 OII. A) 2 alk. OH + Si O 2 = alk. 2 Si O 3 + H 2 O

Kiesel- AlkalisilikatSilica alkali silicate

säure oder ein
Mischsilikat
acid or a
Mixed silicate

b) 2 Alk. O H + Al2 O3 = Alk.2 Al2 O4 + H2 O Tonerde Alkalialuminatb) 2 alk. OH + Al 2 O 3 = alk. 2 Al 2 O 4 + H 2 O alumina alkali aluminate

Da nun auf ein Äquivalent Ammoniak older ein Äquivalent Stickstoff ein Äquivalent Alkalichlorid nach Gleichung I kommt, so müssen je 14kg zu gewinnender Stickstoffgehalt der Kohle bei Alkalichloridzusätzen durch 30 kg Kieselsäure oder 51kg Tonerde usw. fixiert werden.Since now one equivalent of ammonia older one equivalent of nitrogen one equivalent of alkali chloride According to equation I, there must be 14kg of nitrogen content to be recovered the coal with the addition of alkali chloride by 30 kg of silica or 51 kg of alumina etc. be fixed.

Ein Generator setze täglich 20 t Kohle von 1,5 Prozent gewinnbarem StickstoffgehaltA generator sets 20 tons of coal a day with 1.5 percent recoverable nitrogen content

S03992S03992

durch. Bei Alkalichlioridizusätzen wür'den diese täglich 300 kg1 Stickstoff, also täglich Zusätzen, von 0,3 X 30 : 14 = 0,641 Kieselsäure oder 0,3 X 51 : 14= 1^09 t Tonerde entsprechen.by. In the case of alkali chloride additions, these would correspond to 300 kg 1 nitrogen per day, i.e. daily additions of 0.3 X 30: 14 = 0.641 silica or 0.3 X 51: 14 = 1 ^ 09 t of clay.

Claims (2)

P ATENT-Anspruch E:P ATENT claim E: i. Verfahren zum Betrieb von Gaserzeugern, ibei welchem Alkaliverbindungen dem Brennstoff -zugesetzt werden, dadurch 'gekennzeichnet, daß dem Stickstoffgehalt der Kohle bzw. dem Alkaligehalt chemisch entsprechende oder überschüssige Mengen von Kieselsäure, Kalk oder Tonerde . oider deren Gemische'beigegeben werden. i. Process for the operation of gas generators, in which alkali compounds -be added to the fuel, characterized in that the nitrogen content the coal or the alkali content chemically corresponding or excess amounts of silica, lime or clay. or their mixtures are added. 2. Ausführungsforim nach dem Verfahren des Anspruches 1, gekennzeichnet 'dadurch, daß durch Erhaltung einer Wasserdampflkonzentration die Fixierung des entstehenden freien Alkalis und die Ch'loram'monbMdung . !begünstigt werden.2. Ausführungsforim according to the method of claim 1, characterized 'in that by maintaining a water vapor concentration the fixation of the resulting free alkali and the chlorammonbMdung. ! are favored. Gedruckt iti der REiCHSbRiidKERELPrinted iti der REiCHSbRiidKEREL
DENDAT303992D Active DE303992C (en)

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DE303992C true DE303992C (en)

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ID=557644

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2854908A1 (en) * 1977-12-19 1979-06-28 Exxon Research Engineering Co METHOD FOR GASIFYING COAL
US20090169285A1 (en) * 2007-12-26 2009-07-02 Chana Cabatan Adapter for Writing Instruments

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2854908A1 (en) * 1977-12-19 1979-06-28 Exxon Research Engineering Co METHOD FOR GASIFYING COAL
US20090169285A1 (en) * 2007-12-26 2009-07-02 Chana Cabatan Adapter for Writing Instruments

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