DE303992C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE303992C DE303992C DENDAT303992D DE303992DA DE303992C DE 303992 C DE303992 C DE 303992C DE NDAT303992 D DENDAT303992 D DE NDAT303992D DE 303992D A DE303992D A DE 303992DA DE 303992 C DE303992 C DE 303992C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- alkali
- silica
- coal
- clay
- added
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloramine Chemical compound ClN QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/04—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition
- C10B57/06—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition containing additives
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Description
Man hat 'bereits vorgeschlagen, bei der Verkokung von Kohle die alkalischen Verunreinigungen 'der Kohle, welche die Ausmauerung angreifen, durch Zuschläge vom Kieselsäure unschädlich zu machen. In diesem Fall werden die Kieselsäurezuschläge entsprechend den minimalen Verunreinigungen möglichst niedrig gehalten.It has already been suggested at the Coking coal is the alkaline impurities' of the coal that make up the brickwork attack, render harmless by adding silica. In this case the silica surcharges are made accordingly the minimal contamination is kept as low as possible.
In Gemäßheit der vorliegenden Erfindung wird nun Kieselsäure, Kalk oder Tonerde ebenfalls der Kohlenlbeschickung zugesetzt, aber entsprechend' den Verwendungszwecken in Mengen., welche dem Stickstoffgehalt chemisch entsprechen.In accordance with the present invention, there is now silica, lime or clay also added to the coal charge, but in accordance with the purposes of use in quantities which chemically correspond to the nitrogen content.
Wenn bei der Entgasung, Vergasung und \^erbrenniung dem Brennstoff Chlornatrium oder Chlorkali zugesetzt wird, so kann der Stickstoff der Kohle als Clorammonium ge-Avonnen werden. Aber die Vollständigkeit der Reaktion leidet darunter, daß das Alkalichlorid oder das entstandene Alkalioxyd bei den hohen Temperaturen mit den Gasen verdämpft und entweicht. Durch die Zuschläge von Kieselsäure, Tonerde, Kalk oder ihren Gemischen wird das Alkali in Gestalt von Silikaten, Aluminaten und ähnlichen schwerflüchtigen Verbindungen fixiert, so daß es nicht entweichen kann. Gleichzeitig wird die Abspaltung der Salzsäure erleichtert, besonders wenn diese Fixierung und die ganze Reaktion durch die Anwesenheit von Wasserdampf begünstigt wird.If in degassing, gasification and burning the fuel is sodium chloride or potassium chloride is added, the nitrogen in the coal can be converted into chlorammonium will. But the completeness of the reaction suffers from the fact that the alkali chloride or the resulting alkali oxide evaporates with the gases at high temperatures and escapes. Through the addition of silica, clay, lime or their mixtures, the alkali becomes in the form of Silicates, aluminates and similar non-volatile compounds fixed so that it cannot escape. At the same time, the splitting off of hydrochloric acid is facilitated, especially when this fixation and the whole reaction by the presence of water vapor is favored.
In Gemäßheit der vorliegenden Erfindung hat also der Zusatz von Kieselsäure, Tonerde, Kalk ο. dgl. bzw. Stoffen, welche diese enthalten, den Zweck, eine sichere vollständige Reaktion herbeizuführen, zweitens, die StickstoffauS'beute zu erhöhen und drittens, die Verdampfung des Alkalis zu verhindern. Dementsprechend ist es notwendig, die Kieselsäure, die Tonerde, den Kalk oder ihre Gemische in äquivalenten Mengen zuzusetzen.In accordance with the present invention So has the addition of silica, clay, lime ο. like. or substances that contain them, the purpose of bringing about a safe and complete reaction, and secondly, the nitrogen yield and thirdly, to prevent evaporation of the alkali. Accordingly, it is necessary to use the silica, add the clay, the lime or their mixtures in equivalent amounts.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel möge dieses erläutern :An exemplary embodiment should explain this:
I. Alk. Cl+NHOH= NH4 Cl+ Alk. OHI. Alk. Cl + NHOH = NH 4 Cl + Alk. OH
Alkali- Am- freiesAlkali-Am- free
chlorid moniak Alkalichloride moniak alkali
II. a) 2 Alk. OH+Si O2 = Alk.2 Si O3+H2 OII. A) 2 alk. OH + Si O 2 = alk. 2 Si O 3 + H 2 O
Kiesel- AlkalisilikatSilica alkali silicate
säure oder ein
Mischsilikatacid or a
Mixed silicate
b) 2 Alk. O H + Al2 O3 = Alk.2 Al2 O4 + H2 O Tonerde Alkalialuminatb) 2 alk. OH + Al 2 O 3 = alk. 2 Al 2 O 4 + H 2 O alumina alkali aluminate
Da nun auf ein Äquivalent Ammoniak older ein Äquivalent Stickstoff ein Äquivalent Alkalichlorid nach Gleichung I kommt, so müssen je 14kg zu gewinnender Stickstoffgehalt der Kohle bei Alkalichloridzusätzen durch 30 kg Kieselsäure oder 51kg Tonerde usw. fixiert werden.Since now one equivalent of ammonia older one equivalent of nitrogen one equivalent of alkali chloride According to equation I, there must be 14kg of nitrogen content to be recovered the coal with the addition of alkali chloride by 30 kg of silica or 51 kg of alumina etc. be fixed.
Ein Generator setze täglich 20 t Kohle von 1,5 Prozent gewinnbarem StickstoffgehaltA generator sets 20 tons of coal a day with 1.5 percent recoverable nitrogen content
S03992S03992
durch. Bei Alkalichlioridizusätzen wür'den diese täglich 300 kg1 Stickstoff, also täglich Zusätzen, von 0,3 X 30 : 14 = 0,641 Kieselsäure oder 0,3 X 51 : 14= 1^09 t Tonerde entsprechen.by. In the case of alkali chloride additions, these would correspond to 300 kg 1 nitrogen per day, i.e. daily additions of 0.3 X 30: 14 = 0.641 silica or 0.3 X 51: 14 = 1 ^ 09 t of clay.
Claims (2)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE303992C true DE303992C (en) |
Family
ID=557644
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DENDAT303992D Active DE303992C (en) |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE303992C (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2854908A1 (en) * | 1977-12-19 | 1979-06-28 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | METHOD FOR GASIFYING COAL |
| US20090169285A1 (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2009-07-02 | Chana Cabatan | Adapter for Writing Instruments |
-
0
- DE DENDAT303992D patent/DE303992C/de active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2854908A1 (en) * | 1977-12-19 | 1979-06-28 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | METHOD FOR GASIFYING COAL |
| US20090169285A1 (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2009-07-02 | Chana Cabatan | Adapter for Writing Instruments |
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