DE3032156A1 - Heat-insulating fire-resistive protective cover - contg. plastics and or elastomer layer bonded to layer provided with phosphorus and nitrogen-contg. filler - Google Patents

Abstract

Heat-insulating, fire-resistive cover for protecting wood, concrete or steel building components, consists of a plastics- and/or elastomer-contg. cover layer, provided, on side facing the building component, with a heat-insulating carrier layer. The carrier layer is provided with fillers contg. over 15 mol.% P and over 15 mol.% N. An appts. for producing the cover unit is claimed. The web- like insulating layer is impregnated with the fillers in an impregnating bath and pre-dried in a pre-drier. The cover layer is pressed against the insulating layer in a pressing device. The 2 layers are then strongly bonded to one another by hardening in oven at 70-120 deg.C. The cover unit can be used to cover roofs, building fronts and for covering and surrounding pipes.

Description

Thermal insulation and fire retardant, for the protection of

Construction parts made of wood, concrete, steel or the like Cover element and method and device for its production. The invention refers to a heat insulating and fire retardant, for the protection of construction parts made of wood, concrete, steel or the like serving cover element in the preamble of claim 1 mentioned genus as well as a method and a device for its production.

Such a cover element is already known (US Pat. No. 3,933,738).

It consists of epoxy resin and an addition of (PNCl2) 3 (CH3) 2N) 3PO.

In addition, a heat insulating material is known (DE-OS 1 957 754), which was a binder that charred under the action of heat and mixed it with it Contains fillers. Polysulphide and epoxy are used as binders and fillers a mixture of a phosphate with a borate is used. It has been shown, however, that these cover elements both from the heat-insulating and from the fire-retardant point of view from not yet meeting expectations, to being good and also easy to lay Covering or cladding of, for example, outer walls, roofs or the like to serve.

Also bitumen-soaked roofing felt that is easy to lay are to be handled, do not meet the requirements, as they cause fires from the place of origin even pass it on quickly over a long distance, so that if the fire lasts for a long time the structural parts connected to the roofing felt are also destroyed. Are such structural parts serving as carriers, for example wood or rigid foams used for thermal insulation, they are quickly destroyed and will be even those structural parts affected with these elements are covered, for example sheet metal roofs on steel scaffolding; the loss of strength the steel in the event of a fire can even lead to the collapse of an entire hall structure to lead. Similar problems also arise when using concrete or reinforced concrete the structural part to be protected.

Also the replacement of plastic or rubber sheets instead of Bitumen coverings or asphalting did not solve the problem yet. this applies also for already known fire protection layers (DE-OS 2 706 255), which between the Roof construction of a flat roof and plastic sheeting can be inserted. Also a Another known cover element (US Pat. No. 3,300,927), in which a wafer-thin plastic film is impregnated with polychloroprene together with an asbestos film, meets the requirements not.

The invention is therefore based on the object of a cover element of the type mentioned at the outset, both in terms of thermal insulation and fire retardancy to improve with simple means, without high manufacturing costs. The cover element should also be easy to lay.

The invention consists in that the cover layer on the structural part facing side is provided with a heat insulating layer serving as a carrier is those containing more than 15 moles of phosphorus and more than 15 moles of nitrogen Fillers is provided. 'Thermal insulation' is understood to mean thermal insulation and under the 'insulation layer' such a layer, in particular a sheet-like layer, which at Fire forms an insulating layer and in particular fire insulation and suffers from it Load-bearing capacity even in the event of a fire.

The heat-insulating properties are made up of one thing, so to speak "static" part and a more or less "dynamic" part, the first by foaming of the foamable material contained in the insulation layer. This heat insulating or insulating component is in particular by at least a -bllerpotenz greater than the heat insulating or

-Insulating component of the nonh not exposed to heat or the like foamed insulation layer, especially if this is used as a relatively thin layer is formed, the thickness of which only increases when it is foamed in the heat or significantly enlarged in the event of a fire. It is therefore recommended that the insulation layer to equip richly with foamable fillers or such blowing agents that with Heating release gases that affect the entire substance, especially foamable plastics, lather up. Such blowing agents are in particular organic nitrogen releasers, including POROFOR (diphenylsulfone-3,3'-disulfohydrazide), but also ammonium bicarbonate. Even those plastics that expand by splitting off gas without the use of propellants are required, e.g. polyurethane foam components can be used. at This 'foaming' can make the insulation layer 10 to 100 and thicker than in the original state will.

The invention ensures that it is still self-supporting even in the event of a fire Cover element with the desired good heat-insulating and fire-retardant properties and can therefore be excellent, especially as a roof covering or facade cladding be used. It is particularly advisable to place the cover element on the outside, in particular the side of the cover layer facing away from the insulating layer, with a to cover an additional protective layer, for example in the form of an exterior paint the fire-proofing properties are improved. The insulation layer should preferably also be constructed in such a way that in the event of fire there is a kind of water vapor curtain between forms the cover layer and the supporting structure.

Further developments and improvements are claimed in subclaims; this also applies to a particularly preferred method and a particularly preferred one Device for producing such cover elements according to the invention.

The cover layer is designed in particular in the form of a web and has in particular the following substances: polyethylene or ethylene-bitumen copolymer, Polypropylene, polyisobutylene, all olefins with copolymers, vulcanizable Plastics, in particular styrene-butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, Chloroprene polymers, Urethane rubber, polysulfide rubber, Epichlorohydrin rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, fluororubbers and the like, and polyvinyl chloride with copolymers.

These strips of the cover layer can have a thickness of 1.2-10 mm be used. Sheets 1.2 - 5 mm thick can also be laminated one on top of the other. I have found it particularly beneficial when the cover layers are filled with fillers, such as Sand, magnesium aluminum silicate (plastorite), magnesia and silicates.

Diatomaceous earth in particular is used to improve thermal insulation and perlite, glass or asbestos and / or other fibers in a length of 0.5-10 mm, and preferably in addition fire-extinguishing chemicals, the plasticizer properties like diphenyl cresyl phosphate.

In addition, it is advisable to use the covering layer when in the web To extrusion press a fleece and / or fabric, depending on the application, on one or both sides in such a way that part of the fiber is exposed to the outside. It Inorganic fibers made of especially glass, asbestos, plaster of paris and / or ceramics are recommended. In addition, they can also be used together with or separately from the aforementioned use metallic fibers made in particular of steel, bronze, boron, tungsten. Organic too Fibers such as Fiberil from Freudenberg, Weinheim, have proven themselves to be flame-retardant discontinued nonwovens and fabrics. The weight of the embossed fibers should be 50 - Do not exceed 100 g / m2.

Even the heat insulating one. In such cases, the insulation layer can be in the form of a sheet, in particular in the form of a stable film with a layer thickness between 0.1 and 10 mm, in particular on the order of 1 mm.

This insulating layer, designed as a carrier web, has in particular the same Fibers like the cover layer. She should by a Finiah and by hers The structure must be such that it is easy to soak and has good draw and pull Has flexural strength. The weight of this insulation layer should not be 50 - 500 g / m2 exceed. It also contributes to thermal insulation through the thickness and type of fillers 4 at. The intumescent substances can be one-sided or be applied on both sides. The one-sided impregnation leaves one at the same time Direct connection with the fibers laminated to the web of the cover layer by means of of an adhesive, which significantly increases the load-bearing capacity of the entire combination, i.e. of the cover element, contributes.

As impregnation substances, in particular with fillers for the DämmschichLbildung and the water vapor barrier are equipped, in particular the following used: melamine phosphate, melamine borate, guanidine phosphate, guanyl urea, Guanyl urea phosphate, N-PIlenyl-N-cyclohexyl-p-phenyldiapine, guanidine carbonate, Benzosulfohydrazide, diphenyl cresyl phosphate; furthermore pentaerythritol, melamine, gylose or dioxane.

The following releases water in the event of fire and thus a vapor barrier have forming substances between the cover element and the structural parts proven: alkali silicates and / or metasilicates, aluminum phosphate and / or Aluminum trihydrate and / or zeolite or kieselguhr.

Serve as impregnation substances and as binders for the fillers in particular: polyurethanes, bromine or unsaturated polyesters containing chlorine, epoxy resins with amine or polyaminoamide hardeners with copolymers, which for a water emulsion are suitable, phenol and phenol-formaldehyde resins and dispersions of any kind, such as those based on acrylic ester (co) polymers and polyvinyl acetate.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown schematically on the basis of the drawing shown. 1 shows a schematic cross section through a Construction parts placed cover element.

FIG. 2 shows a partial section from the cover layer shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 shows a diagram of the device according to the invention.

According to FIG. 1, the cover layer 1 is lia to an e by means of adhesives r side with the heat-insulating membrane that forms an insulating layer in the event of a fire (insulating layer 2) firmly connected. The connection is promoted by the fact that, as shown in FIG. 2 fibers Ib protrude more or less from the cover layer 1, so that the adhesive ila one finds good connection. As already explained, the insulation layer 2 can also be the side facing the cover layer 1 have more or less protruding fibers, which are formed, for example, by a fleece or a fabric, in particular a fine fabric are. On the side of the cover layer 1 facing away from the insulation layer 2 is located a protective layer 4, either directly or as shown in the figure can also be connected to the cover layer 1 via an adhesive Ila. the Protective layer 4 can also form a protective coating. Layable as a unit, Cover element consisting of these parts can, for example, be placed on wooden slats 3 or other construction parts such as a flat roof. The cover element can also be placed on metal roofs made of, for example, steel or aluminum sheet be.

/ It goes without saying that the cover layer 1 can also be used in other ways, for example by means of nails and screws with the wooden slats 3 or the like and the insulation layer 2 can be connected.

For a special quality of fire protection, it is recommended to use wooden slats 3 with a fire-protective coating, for example the OC flame protection H from Odenwald-Chemie GmbH to provide and insulation boards made of foamed polystyrene (Styrofoam) between insert the wooden slats 3 and the actual cover element, whereby the thermal insulation is still favored. It is also advisable to use the roof or facade sheets Attachment of the cover element according to the invention a fire-protective paint.

Should thin concrete ceilings be protected against flying sparks and direct heat in order to avoid the formation of cracks in the concrete, a first step is recommended Epoxy resin paint on the concrete, above the attachment of insulation boards and finally the attachment of the cover element according to the invention.

It should be noted that not only roofs, in particular Flat roofs and facades can be protected with the cover element according to the invention, but also container walls and interiors, especially if they are made with panels foamed polystyrene (Styrofoam) are equipped.

It is recommended that the cover element according to the invention with the help of a To produce a method and a device, as illustrated schematically in FIG is. A fleece, a fabric, preferably peeled off from glass fiber or a fleece-fabric mixture and through the Impregnation bath 5 out, which is equipped with guide rollers 5a, so that as an insulating layer 2 sheet to be used is soaked on both sides. This is in the soaking bath 5 Material with which the fleece or the like web is provided, in particular the Fillers containing phosphorus and nitrogen.

After soaking, the insulation layer 2 passes through a pre-dryer 6, the temperature, length and penetration speed of the insulation layer 2 is set so that the Dämmschichttränkungsmasse gels easily and their Retains adhesive strength.

Behind the pre-dryer 6 is also not shown The supply roll guides the cover layer 1 so that it is attached to the pressing device 7 pressed together by means of the pressure rollers 7a, in particular with the insertion of adhesive 11a will.

In the curing oven 8 this "laminate" is finally at temperatures between 70 and 1200C, preferably cured at 800C, so that the cover element around the Deflection roller 10 can be wound onto a roller, again not shown.

It goes without saying that the insulation layer 2 is also only on one side in the impregnation bath 5 can be soaked. In the impregnation bath 5, wipers (not shown) can also be used be attached to a precisely dosed quantum of the impregnating agent to be applied to the sheet-like insulation layer. The adhesive 11a can - as in Fig. 3 shown schematically - between the pre-dryer 6 and the pressing device 7 can be sprayed onto the web of the insulating layer 2 via a spray device 9.

Instead of the horizontal principle shown, the arrangement can also be transferred to vertically operating systems. The cover layer 1 can instead of a supply roll also directly from an extrusion or extrusion line are fed.

In the following, exemplary embodiments, in particular with regard to Composition of the impregnation agent containing the fillers indicated, the be applied in particular in the impregnation bath 5.

Example 1: Component A: Epoxy resin "Rütapox 0166 / AS12" 27.13 Lewiclltsteile from Bakelite Germany epoxy resin (Novolack VS 4186 (80 Fig)) 10.8 1 pentaerythritol very fine 15.02 phosphate flame retardant "Phos-Check P 30" 16.9 melamine-formaldehyde resin (highly reactive, not plasticized) Maprenal MF 980) 3.29 Titan RD 2 1.88 mica M 2.35 Tris (dichloroethyl) phosphate (Phosgard C 22 R) 8.73 Maprenal MF 590 (see above) "G, 1 glass fiber milled fiber 7.7 plus hardener combination B epoxy! * T" Euredur 43 " from Schering 40.79 polyamide (hardener LC from Rüttgerswerke 25.38 trisdimethylaminophenol "DMP 30" 7.69 Aminoamide hardener "Hardener Y" from Rüttgerswerke Meiderich 7.69 Sylodex 24 (tixatropic asbestos fibers) 1.15 guanyl urea ff 15.38 glass fiber milled fiber 1.92 The components A and B are in proportion before application 4: 1 mixed together, and after mixing 10 to 20 parts by weight Diphenyl cresyl phosphate added.

The formulation is designed so that the formed as a carrier film The insulation layer remains flexible and can withstand temperatures of -40 ° C to + 80 ° C without its Losing properties.

Example 2: Uiiyeuät; LigLer polyester based on T-acid dissolved in Styrene, such as Palstal S 320 L from BASF Ludwigshafen, 30.0 parts by weight of decabromodiphenyl 30.0 "tricresyl phosphate 10.0 H 1.6 hexadiamine 5.0 aluminum trihydrate 10.0 maprenal (4F 590 10.0 glass fiber (milled fiber) 5.0 2.0% MÄKP solution (methyl ethyl ketone peroxide) + 1.0 ° ÓCO calculated on the Harz. Instead of Palatal S 320 L, Palatal S 333 can be used, with 5 parts by weight of 1.6 hexadiamine instead of 5 parts by weight Antimony trioxide can be applied.

Example 3: Mowilith DC 20 T (PVAC and copolymers from Hoechst) 17.0 parts by weight Hordaflex SP 7.0 Phos-Chek P / 30 18.0 "pentaerythritol D powder 10.0 Melamine 10.0 "Calgon N 10 ig 1.0 Titanium dioxide KB II 7.0 Tylose M II 6000 K 3 required 2.0 water 28.0 With the epoxy resin hardeners according to the example 1 results in favorable mixtures for further processing as a flexible combination, if together with the amines or amidoamines the hardener N from Rütgers, Duisburg, used mixed with diphenyl cresyl phosphate or tricresyl phosphate in resin will.

The following hardener combination has proven itself: Water-emulsifiable aminoamide hardener "Hardener AB S 4" 30.0 parts by weight from Rütgerswerke Meiderich Hardener N from Rütgerswerke 18.78 (N-ethylaminopiperazine) hardener H 105 / B (aminoamide hardener) from Rütgerswerke 24.39 Hardener Y (anhydride hardener) from Rütgerswerke 8.13 13 DMP 30 9.76 "guanyl urea 18.94 protective coating 3: solvent ethyl glycol acetate 34.0 parts by weight of color pigments with bitumen 36.0 aluminum trihydrate 20.0 Phosgard C 22 R 10.0 The protective layers 4 can also be selected from any desired intumescent layer, e.g. such from example 1.

They can also be produced without an intumescent layer. It has However, it has been shown that the external paints or protective layers 4 binders are thick, which are curvature and weather resistant. The binders are then preferably used based on epoxy resins and ultimately a protective coating based on polyurethane chosen. However, protective layers 4 based on chlorinated rubber have also proven useful.

Such a coating is shown in example 4: Example 4: Chlorinated paraffin, liquid 40 4 parts by weight, chlorinated paraffin, liquid 70 5 Concrete 1) 'u 2, ll Maprenal MP 500 (see above) 10.0 parts by weight of chromium oxide 5.26 pentaerythritol 13.0 Phos-Check P 30 23.5 zinc borate 1.5 dicyandiamide 7.8 aluminum hydrate 4.64 NAFTA 16/18 18.0 Ethyl glycol acetate 3.7 Polyethylene chloride 5.8 The adhesion of the protective coating or the protective layer 4 is dependent on the binder, but it is special good, if the surface of the insulation layer 2 is laminated with fibers and / or fabrics is.

Thus the fire occurrence is due to the application of the multi-layer training a web according to the invention influenced very favorably, so that the use of a Railway with lower fire protection (2) is permitted, and the good mechanical properties of the railway come to fruition.

The cover element can also be used to cover and encase pipes.

Claims (30)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Thermal insulation and fire retardant, for protection of construction parts made of wood, concrete, steel or the like serving cover element with a plastic and / or rubber covering layer, as well as with phosphorus and nitrogen-containing substances, characterized in that the. Cover layer (1) on the side facing the structural parts (3) with one serving as a carrier thermal insulation layer (2) is provided with more than 15 mol ° Ó phosphorus and fillers containing more than 15 mole percent nitrogen are provided. 2. Cover element according to claim 1, characterized in that the Insulating layer (2) and / or the cover layer (1) fibers of a length between 1 and 15 mm. 3. Cover element according to claim 2, characterized in that the Fibers consist of glass, asbestos, plaster of paris, metal, cellulose, ceramic and / or carbon. 4. Cover element according to claim 3, characterized in that the Fibers consist of graphite. 5. Cover element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the insulating layer (2) with phosphorus and nitrogen-containing fillers is soaked. 6. Cover element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the phosphorus or nitrogen-containing fillers from melamine phosphate, Melamir \ b-orate, guanidine phosphate, guanylurea, guanylurea phosphate, N-phellyl-N-cyclohexyl -p-phenylenediamine, Guanidene carbonate, benzosulfohydrazide, diphenyl cresyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, and / or melamine. 7. Cover element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the insulation layer comprises pentaerythritol, tylose and / or dioxane. 8. Cover element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the insulating layer (2) contains foamable, water-releasing fillers. Cover element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the insulating layer (2) has a water-binding blowing agent. 10.Abdeckelement according to claim 9, characterized in that as Flowering agents alkali silicates, metasilicates, aluminum phosphates, fine-grain aluminum trihydrates, Zeolites and / or kieselguhr are used. 11.Abdeckelement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the insulating layer (2) ceramic, plaster of paris, asbestos, boron, tungsten ulld / or Has steel as a telllperaturboställdiges material. 12.Abdeckelement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the insulating layer (2) has one or more fleeces and / or fine fabrics having. 13.Abdeckelement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the insulating layer (2) comprises thermosetting resins. 14. From the deck element according to claim 13, characterized in that the thermosetting resins are bendable after the layer has been produced. 15. Cover element according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that that the insulating layer (2) is epoxy, phenolic, polyester, furfuryl and / or vinyl ester resins having. 16. Cover element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the cover layer (1) is polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisoputylene, Ethylene-bitumen copolymers, ûlefin copolymers and / or PVC polymers shows. 17. Cover element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the cover layer (1) comprises vulcanizable plastics. 18. Cover element according to claim 17, characterized in that the Cover layer (1) styrene-butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, Chloroprene polymers, urethane rubber, polysulfide rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, Has chlorosulfonated Polyäthylerl and / or fluororubber. 19. Cover element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the cover layer (1) at least on one side with a fleece and / or is provided with a fabric. 20. Cover element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the cover layer (1) with the insulating layer (2) by means of a Glue is connected (via). 21. Cover element according to one of the preceding ArJslJrücl) o, thereby marked, that the cover layer (1) with a protective layer (4) is provided. 22. Covering element according to claim 21, characterized in that the Protective layer (4) endothermically reacting, foam-forming, gas-releasing, chain-breaking and / or has oxygen-binding additives. 23. Cover element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the cover layer (1) on that of the Däischicht (2) facing Side is lined with fiber (1b). 24. A method for producing a cover element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fillers in W2SSllgen Dispersions are introduced into the insulation layer. 25. A method for producing a cover element according to one of the Claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the fillers with binders for the insulation layer are introduced into this. 26. A method for producing a cover element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fillers in polyvinyl acetate or acrylic polymer dispersions are introduced. 27. Device for producing a cover element according to one of the Claims 1 to 23, characterized in that a soaking bath (5) is in the form of a web Insulation layer (2) impregnates with fillers, and a pre-dryer (6) impregnates the impregnated insulation layer (2) pre-dries, a pressing device (7) the cover layer (1) to the insulation layer (2) and a curing oven (8) presses both layers at temperatures between 70 and 1200C hardens to one another. 28. The device according to claim 27, characterized in that the Impregnation bath (5) has deflection rollers (5a) for impregnating the insulation layer (2) on both sides. 29. The device according to claim 27, characterized in that a Spray device (9) the non-impregnated side of the insulation layer (2) after predrying sprayed with an adhesive (11a). 30. Device according to one of claims 27 to 29, characterized in that that the pressing device (7) has several pressure rollers (7a).