DE3021874A1 - FABRIC TREATMENT - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for treating a fabric, in particular a cloth or a web of fabric that of the fabric, for example for untwisting or untwisting, crimping and washing, a boiling treatment in a hot and humid treatment chamber is exposed, as well as a device for efficient and rapid treatment of a Substance in a hot and humid treatment chamber.

There have been methods and devices for continuous untwisting, creping, crimping and washing a long, especially heavily twisted length of fabric was examined by the action of strong tapping and puckering forces. For example, a hot liquid can be jetted alternately from both sides onto a fabric in a zigzag shape and the fabric passes through the area between adjacent parallel strands of a pair of endless, reticulated conveyor belts are guided in vibrations within a liquid medium. There is also have other suggestions for applying mechanical forces to a web of fabric to beating and puckering the web. the However, previous processes require considerable amounts of mechanical and thermal energy as well as water, so there is a need for an improved method or apparatus for crimping of a substance.

The separate, continuous pretreatment of a fabric, including desizing, finishing and bleaching, has traditionally been done in two different ways, namely by steaming or by boiling. In which Steaming method, steam is blown directly onto a large amount of stacked substance, so the disadvantage of buying it too take is that the moist heat is hardly evenly distributed. So the fabric cannot be even in this way

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are treated, and there is tension on the fabric exercised. In the cooking process, the pretreatment takes place in a liquid medium. The fabric is made according to his Kind of folded several times and experiences tension when pulled out of the liquid. A fabric with excellent Handle and corresponding bulkiness, stretchability and shrinkability can be determined by the known method therefore hardly produce.

The inventors recently developed an apparatus suitable for cooking and pretreating a fabric. The fabric however, it becomes inevitable in this apparatus too when it is pulled out of the cooking container provided in this apparatus stretched and thus inevitably stretched lengthways. The stretch of a fabric is one of the most serious Problems in making a high quality fabric.

The invention is based on the object of a method for treating a To create fabric for the purpose of untwisting or untwisting, preferably including the pretreatment. The task also aims to offer a suitable device for carrying out the method.

The solution according to the invention is for the method of the type mentioned in that the substance by one of horizontal, parallel strands of a pair of endless, net-shaped conveyor belts formed channel (Gap) passed through at conveyor belt speed, alternating in a zigzag shape from both sides across to the direction of fabric movement with a high pressure heat treatment liquid is sprayed or blown. The gap width of the channel or the distance between the opposing channels The span of the conveyor belts should preferably be set to about 50 to 200 mm. For simultaneous pretreatment of the substance can be a steaming process before the

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Be subjected to boiling treatment. When steaming is the substance z. B. transported further with the help of web guide means under the action of moist heat.

By spraying hot water or a hot pretreatment solution on both sides of the fabric this zigzag forward through the material transport channel moves and runs tension-free on a serpentine path under the influence of impact and crumpling forces Further. The fact that the substance is soaked evenly into its interior with the treatment solution in this way sufficient pretreatment, untwisting or untwisting, crimping results within a short time and washing the fabric.

For a device for treating a substance in a hot, humid treatment chamber, the solution to the above-mentioned object on which the invention is based is defined in the chamber by defining a substance transport channel through the gap formed between horizontal, parallel strands of a pair of endless, net-shaped conveyor belts, that essentially in rows transversely to the gap or to the longitudinal direction of the channel alternately in a zigzag shape above and below the gap or outside the conveyor belt strand delimiting the gap jet nozzles for spraying hot treatment liquid through the conveyor belts into the channel through the conveyor belts and that below the Conveyor belts for receiving the treatment liquid serving collecting containers are provided. With a device of this type, a fabric can be treated excellently, in particular untwisted or untwisted, crimped and washed, as well as suitably pretreated, the energy consumption and the water consumption being significantly reduced while the treatment time is reduced at the same time.

Further details of the invention are explained with the aid of the schematic drawing of exemplary embodiments. Show it:

1 shows a cross section of a hot, humid treatment chamber parallel to its longitudinal axis;

2 shows a cross section through a subdivided, moist, hot treatment chamber;

Fig. 3 is a cross-section through a finite wet heat treatment chamber for a length of fabric;

4 shows a cross section through a hot, humid treatment chamber with an integrated steaming device; and

FIG. 5 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the device according to FIG. 4.

In the figures of the drawing: 1 a hot and humid treatment chamber; 2 and 2 · a pair of endless, net-shaped conveyor belts, 3 jet nozzles; 4, 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ and 4 _g liquid () collection containers; 5, a treatment liquid; 6 a steam jet tube, 7 a temperature controller; 8 a fabric to be treated; 11 a stock inlet; 12 a stock outlet; 13 and 14 containers containing sealing liquid; 15 several guide rollers; 16 steam nozzles; and 17 an endless, net-shaped conveyor belt. A denotes a gap between two conveyor belts. The meaning of the letter b is explained below.

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Example 1:

The device according to FIG. 1 is used to create a long web of material in a hot and humid treatment chamber by action To continuously untwist or untwist, crimp and wash with strong impact and crumpling forces.

Normal air pressure prevails in the hot and humid treatment chamber 1 during operation. In chamber 1, a pair of revolving, endless, net-shaped conveyor belts 2, 2 'provided with sufficient air permeability. The conveyor belts are running parallel to each other and form between their horizontal, mutually facing strands a gap a, which acts as a material transport channel serves. From the plurality of jet nozzles 3, hot treatment liquid is raised under high pressure the web of fabric 8 sprayed. The jet nozzles 3 are preferably in rows transverse to the direction of movement of the web of material 8 alternately above and below the material transport channel - each outside of the adjacent conveyor belt strands - arranged. At the bottom of the hot, humid treatment chamber 1 there is a collecting container 4 for the treatment liquid 5. Steam jet pipes 6 lead through the treatment liquid 5 within the container 4 for feeding hot steam and heating of the treatment liquid, if necessary depending on a temperature controller 7. The treatment liquid 5 in the collecting container 4 is expediently to the jet nozzles 3 with the aid of a not shown pump promoted in the circuit. With the help of the device according to the invention, for. B. woven fabric or knitted georgette with heavily twisted yarn made of 100% polyester and an all-purpose fabric with 65% polyester and 35% cotton treated.

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The height of the material transport channel or the width of the gap a between the two net-shaped conveyor belts 2 and 2 'is of the greatest importance for the invention. The gap width defined by the distance between the parallel strands of the conveyor belts 2, 2 ¹ adjacent to the channel 3 should be set so that the fabric vibrates strongly, beats and crumples as well as the zigzag impact of the hot treatment liquid under high pressure from both sides becomes sufficiently permeable for the treatment liquid while it continues to move on the serpentine path through the channel.

f The width of the gap, although depends on the type, in particular I of the thickness of each of the hot treating liquid fabric treating and \ the jet pressure to AB-C in principle should but of the generated the height or amplitude through the] jet pressure of the treatment liquid serpentine • linear paths of the fabric between the two conveyor belts are made as large as possible. The DES \ applies half, because the material undergoes then at the serpentine up and running strong vibrations and thus rendered permeable to the treatment liquid f ⁽¹ J and is struck simultaneously by the latter and crumpled. ^F When the gap between the conveyor belts is narrow is |. the length of the up and down movement on the serpentine lines-I-shaped path short and there is no effective I shake If the gap is too wide, however, is \ the substance no longer sufficiently against the conveyor belts I beaten so that not only the serpentine conveying

I mige path is not set, but the substance in the

I gap only floats and is therefore not carried along evenly with the forward I movement of the conveyor belts.

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To determine a suitable gap width, the contact area or contact length b between Fabric web and conveyor belt in the area of a wave of the serpentine movement and the shrinkage of the Fabric determined experimentally as a function of the gap width a for different types of fabric. The 'jet pressure the treatment liquid and the division or the mutual The distance between the jet nozzles was kept constant. The result was shown in Table 1.

Conditions:

Jet speed 30 m / s temperature 100 ⁰ C Nozzle division 350 mm Nozzle size 3 mm

Investigate substances:

No. 1 T / C gabardine

No. 2 T / C Weather

No. 3 cotton gabardine

No. 4 T / C mixed fabrics

broad X length cm X cm 91.8 X 103.9 90.6 X 104.0 92.6 104.6 107.8 100.7

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material
Type 1 Table 1
(Attempts to set a serpentine path) b in mm 20th Gap width a
50 100 112 in mm
150 200 ■ · * · co Width in mm* 130 120 90.0 110 88 • ο
NJ No. Length in mm** 91.4 91.0 100.8 90.2 90.6 ι: GD 2 b in mm 103.4 101.8 110 101.2 101.8 250 I · · · ·
• ♦ * * Width in mm* 14-3 115 89.0 110 95 50 * ·
• No, Length in mm** 90.3 90.0 101.5 89.2 90.0 90.6 • * ·
«· ■
• · · · 3 b in mm 103.5 102.2 115 101.8 102.6 103.2 • * · «ι O Width in mm* 140 120 90.1 115 95 60 ö · No. Length in mm** 92 - 100.9 90.5 90.8 89.8 O
cn.
_i 4th b in mm 104 - 110 101.2 101.2 103.2 *> *
O Width in mm* 140 120 103.4 100 85 55 eo No. Length in mm** 107.2 - 97.5 103.6 Ί03.6 91.0 -4 10077 - 97.4 97.5 103.7 * Width of fabric 65 after treatment 107.0 ** Length of fabric after treatment 97.5

til ·.

Studies have shown that for smooth transportation of a fabric through the gap - with strong vibrations of the fabric to form serpentine waves without exerting tension and in the relaxed state, the contact length b between the fabric web and the conveyor belt in the Range of about 120 to 85 mm per single wave

target. From the measurement results of Table 1, therefore, shows that the the contact length b 120-85 mm corresponding amount of a gap width for many ζ substances to be treated in the order of between about 50 and is about 200 mm. As the results in the table also show, the fabric shrinks sufficiently in both the transverse and longitudinal directions so that a fine crimp results. Outside of the range mentioned, however, there is no such effective shrinkage of the

j fabric.

The untwisting or untwisting, crimping and washing of one long fabric web using the device according to the invention can be designed as follows, for example: Wash water present in the collecting container 4 is heated to a temperature of about 100 ° C., the two net-shaped Conveyor belts 2 and 2 'are set in motion in the same direction (^), a fabric web 8 to be treated becomes introduced into the gap between the conveyor belts, and washing water from the collecting container 4 is in the circuit with Funded by a pump to the jet nozzles 4. Due to the effect of the jet pressure, alternating from above and below The hot washing liquid sprayed onto the fabric approximately transversely to the longitudinal direction of the fabric becomes the fabric in the Area of the transport channel forced in serpentine lines and alternating and repeated between the conveyor belts beaten and crumpled as well as jolted during the up and down movement in the course of the wave line movement and thereby soaked inside with the washing water. The fabric is twisted or untwisted effectively and evenly, crimped and washed, and it results in the desired stretch and shrink ability.

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Example 2:

In the device according to FIG. 2, the collecting container for the treatment liquid is divided into three sub-containers 4 , 4, ₂ and 4q. The partial containers are used for * the washing water dei? assigned jet nozzles to be opened separately and to circulate with the aid of associated pumps.

The washing water in the individual sub-containers 4, 4 _p and 4 g of the series 85 ° C and 95 ⁰ C, for example, according to a temperature of about 75 ° C, can be set. Otherwise, an elongated web of fabric is treated in a manner similar to that in Example 1. By gradually raising the treatment temperature, the process of untwisting or <& is. Executed it Entzwirnens and curling of the fabric more effectively with the result a uniform and fine crimp. In addition, the result is more effective washing, especially if at the end of the individual treatment processes - for example in the area of the container _4Q - washing is carried out with fresh water without circulation.

Example 3:

The device of Fig. 3 is used to set a web of fabric Handle length. The length of fabric is made endless by sewing the ends together and repeated - like Shown in the figure - passed through the hot humid treatment chamber.

In the aforementioned method, the temperature of the washing water is preferably increased in steps, for example from about 70 ° raised over 85 ° to 98 °. Then the hot and humid treatment chamber then slowly cooled to a temperature of around 50 ° C in order to considerably

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twist or untwist and curl. At the end of the treatment, the substance can be just as effective as for example 2 indicated, can be washed with fresh water without circulation.

Example 4:

This embodiment of the device according to the invention concerns the case in which a substance has to be steamed for simultaneous pretreatment prior to the boiling treatment.

The hot and humid treatment chamber 1 according to FIG. 4 is equipped with containers 13 and 14 designed as a liquid seal, which serve as substance inlet 11 and substance outlet 12, respectively and prevent the moist heat from escaping from the treatment chamber 1. In the upper part of the treatment chamber 1 of Fig. 4, a plurality of cloth guide rollers 15 are so arranged that the web of material is to be passed on continuously in a zigzag over the rollers. At 16, there are steam nozzles denotes that serve to steam the fabric or treat it with moist heat during this runs over the guide rollers 15. Below the guide rollers 15 there is a pair of endless net-shaped conveyor belts 2 and 2 ', to which several jet nozzles 3 are assigned and with the help of which the substance is blasted with a treatment liquid as in the previous ones Examples is to be transported. The gap width between the strands of the conveyor belts adjoining the gap 2, 2 'should again be in the order of 50 to 200 mm.

Continuously treating an elongate fabric using the apparatus of FIG. 4 is exemplified carried out as follows: First, the

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Aft,.

treatment liquid 5 in the associated container 4 containing moist and hot treatment chamber 1 to a temperature heated by about 95 ° C, the fabric guide rollers 15 are moved and the two net-shaped conveyor belts 2 and 2 'are put into operation in the same direction (in the region of the gap a). The treatment liquid 5. e.g. aqueous caustic alkali solution, is used to twist the fabric at the same time as it is untwisted and puckered pre-treat. During a fabric to be treated continuously over the guide rollers 15 and through the gap between the conveyor belts 2, 2 'continues, superheated steam from steam jet pipes 16 is on the fabric sprayed and treatment liquid with a temperature of about 95 ° C from the jet nozzles 3 also sprayed onto the fabric.

The steaming swells the fabric evenly to the inside and then as in the previous examples subjected to the boiling treatment. It therefore takes place at the same time as the untwisting or untwisting and crimping effective pretreatment of the fabric. The obtained fabric becomes excellent in hand, stretchability as well as its ability to shrink and is, in a desirable manner, very voluminous or bulky.

Example 5:

In the device of FIG. 5, instead of the fabric guide rollers 15 of Example 4, an endless net-shaped conveyor belt 17 is provided for the steaming treatment of the fabric. The fabric becomes the cooking area of the by placing it on the conveyor belt 17 and on the upper side of the upper Device belonging conveyor belt 2 in the humid hot

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Treatment chamber 1 transported back and forth before moving into the gap between the conveyor belts 2 and 2 'is introduced. Because the substance practically all its way within the chamber 1 is transported without tension, he experiences, even if it is a knitted fabric, even when steaming no elongation. The device according to FIG. 5 is therefore particularly suitable for pretreatment, untwisting or untwisting and crimping of knitted fabrics.

Using the invention, as explained above, it is possible to produce a substance in a short time, i.e. with high speed, with the help of a simple device, to pretreat, untwist or untwist curling and washing and thereby reducing the consumption of energy and raw materials to a literally acceptable level. Nevertheless, the result is a sufficiently crimped fabric with excellent values for grip, volume, and stretchability and shrinkability.

9so

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Claims (17)

Patent claims: 1. A method for treating a fabric, in particular a cloth or a length of fabric, in which the fabric, for example for untwisting or untwisting, crimping and washing, is subjected to a boiling treatment in a hot and humid treatment chamber, characterized in that the fabric (8) Passed through a channel (gap a) formed by horizontal, parallel strands of a pair of endless, net-shaped conveyor belts (2, 2) at conveyor belt speed and thereby alternately zigzagging from both sides transversely to the direction of material movement with a high-pressure heat treatment liquid (5) is sprayed or splashed. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the gap width (a) of the channel or the distance between the opposing strands is set to about 50 to 200 mm. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that water is used as the treatment liquid (5). 03 0051/0877 4. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the treatment liquid (5) sprayed onto the substance (8) is circulated. 5. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the boiling treatment is carried out in stages by raising the temperature of the treatment liquid (5) to be sprayed on. 6. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the substance (8) is treated in the circuit by repeatedly passing it through the channel in the hot and humid treatment chamber (1) (Fig. 4, 5). 7. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the substance (8) is continuously passed through the hot and humid treatment chamber (1). 8. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to • 7, characterized in that aaß the substance (8) before ν J boiling treatment is subjected to a steaming treatment and is transported with the aid of a material guide under the action of moist heat originating from the spraying of superheated steam and that a solution containing, for example, caustic alkali is used as the treatment liquid in the continuous pretreatment. 9. Device for treating a substance in a hot, humid treatment chamber, in particular for performing the method according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in the chamber (1) by the between horizontal, parallel to each other 03 0 0 51/0877 t, -ν.-! r -? - t! ■>■■■> , La., • ft CM - 3 - I. running strands of a pair of endless, reticulated | Conveyor belts (2, 2 ·) formed gap (a) a fabric | transportkan.al is limited that across the gap or | to the longitudinal direction of the canal alternately in a zigzag shape above | halfway and below the gap or outside the den | Gap-limiting conveyor belt strand jet nozzles (3) | for spraying hot | Treatment liquid through the conveyor belts (2, 2 ') g are arranged through into the channel and that below | if. of the conveyor belts (2, 2 ') for receiving the treatment | liquid (5) serving collecting container (4) provided | ' are. | · 10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that | that the gap width (a) or the distance between the gap | defining conveyor belt strands about 50 to 200 mm | wearing. 11. The device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the liquid collecting container (4) is assigned a liquid pump or the like for circulating the treatment liquid (5) to the jet nozzles (3). 12. The device according to one or more of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the liquid collecting device is divided into several individual containers (4 ^, 4 ^, A ₃ ) , so that the treatment lussigkext (5) collect separately in the individual sections and is to be moved in the circuit (Fig. 2). 13. The device according to one or more of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the hot and humid treatment chamber (1) is designed for the continuous conveyance of the substance (8) through the substance transport channel. 030051/0877 14. The device according to one or more of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the hot and humid treatment chamber (1) is designed for guiding the substance (8) in the circuit through the substance transport channel '(Fig. 3). 15. The device according to one or more of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that above the endless, net-shaped conveyor belts (2, 2 ') one with several r ■ ren steam jet nozzles (16) equipped fabric guide device for steaming and moving the fabric (8) is provided. (Figures 4, 5). 16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that the guide device contains a plurality of zigzag alternately arranged guide rollers (15) in two planes (Fig. A). 17. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that the guide device has a horizontally arranged, reticulated, endless conveyor belt (17) (Fig. 5). 030051/0 877