DE29520092U1 - Waste disposal vehicle - Google Patents

Description

Lösch + Reinberger GmbH 13627 Berlin

LR45.G1

04 December 1995

Waste disposal vehicle Description

The invention relates to a waste disposal vehicle of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.

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When developing efficient waste disposal vehicles, the utilization of the container volume provided on the vehicle plays an important role. Since separate collection of waste of different sizes and/or different materials is not possible due to the considerable effort involved in separate storage in multiple containers and the high transport costs for multiple collections,
The composition of the waste to be transported away varies greatly, particularly in residential areas with low residential density. Likewise, the acceptance of waste collection based on size and material is often very low or objectively not possible, for example with only a single garbage chute in high-rise buildings. The waste to be transported away therefore often contains bulky and/or large volume or weight waste components. This makes it necessary to process the waste before it is placed in a waste collection container on the vehicle if the waste is to be transported cost-effectively by utilising the transport capacity.

From the European patent application EU-A3-0 22 0 93 6, a garbage truck with a garbage collection container is known, in which the garbage to be collected is mechanically separated before being filled into the garbage collection container.

for example, by means of shredding tools - is reduced to a piece size that allows the container to be filled without large cavities. If necessary, the shredded waste is compressed to the smallest possible volume by means of a pressing tool provided inside the collection container.

The processing of the waste to be transported is carried out in three stages. The waste to be transported is

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Small waste containers are provided, which are picked up by a lifting/tilting device and emptied into a collection funnel. This collection funnel is located between the waste container and the driver's cab of the waste disposal vehicle and opens into a mechanical crusher. The waste is crushed here to a size that allows further crushing of the waste fragments in a pulverizer unit that is also located between the waste container and the driver's cab. A screw conveyor is preferably provided for the further transport of the crushed waste from the crusher to the pulverizer unit. An air circulation system is provided for the transport of the waste components that have been reduced to a small size in two stages, which uses a suction fan to create a negative pressure in the container that receives the waste, through which the relatively fine-grained waste material is transported into the container in a pipe system that leads from the pulverizer to the container and is introduced into it from above.

A hydraulically operated pressure piston is provided inside the container to further compact the sucked-in waste.

The known solution has the significant disadvantage that, for a given vehicle length, a relatively large area of the vehicle length must be reserved exclusively for the processing of the waste material in a way that is convenient for transport by the equipment required for pressing. This space requirement is met at the expense of the available loading volume of the container that holds the actual waste. In addition, the container is arranged stationary and the container can only be emptied from the rear. There is also

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Another disadvantage is that the equipment for mechanically processing the waste is often damaged by extremely hard and/or bulky waste components, so that the waste collection vehicle is no longer operational.

Based on the shortcomings of the prior art, the invention is based on the task of finding a space-saving solution for a waste disposal vehicle of the type mentioned at the beginning, in which optimal utilization of the container receiving the waste is ensured by prior processing of the amount of waste to be collected and loading and unloading of this container is possible in a favorable manner in order to be able to improve the transport of waste to the final storage site through logistical measures.

This object is achieved with the characterizing features of claim 1.

The invention includes the knowledge that a waste disposal vehicle can accommodate large quantities of waste in a particularly favorable manner and can therefore be used in a transport-optimized manner if the container on the vehicle is filled exclusively with waste components of a small volume and bulky, voluminous or non-shreddable objects do not end up in the waste collection container. The invention is also based on the fact that waste processed by chipping can be sorted favorably at waste collection points if the collection container of the waste disposal vehicle has been emptied.

According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, the waste disposal vehicle has devices for pre-selecting, for changing the shape and for shredding the waste produced, for filling the collection container and a device for lifting and tipping

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of small waste containers of various sizes to be emptied (dump device) into a collection funnel assigned to the pre-selection device. The Saramel funnel is a simple way of preventing waste from spilling as much as possible. All devices are arranged between the driver's cab and the front of the waste disposal vehicle's collection container, which is equipped with a closable filling opening.

This means that a collection container intended for another means of transport and to be filled with waste through a filling opening in the front wall - viewed in the direction of travel - can be unloaded from the side or rear of the waste disposal vehicle or loaded onto this vehicle from the side or rear without any particular difficulty.

Because the waste collection container can be separated from the waste disposal vehicle, such vehicles are also suitable for optimized transport logistics, since - due to the reloading option this achieves - partial rail transport of swap containers is easily possible, for example, in a traffic-efficient manner.

In particular, it is important to ensure that the greatest possible loading length is available as transport space for the waste to be transported. This should also be able to be filled in an economically densely packed manner in order to enable the waste disposal vehicle to be as economical as possible.

The shredding of the waste makes the use of a pressing device inside the waste collection container superfluous, so that the length of the waste disposal vehicle can be shortened and a third vehicle axle can be installed.

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can be saved. This means that vehicles with a standard chassis can be used for waste disposal, which can be easily converted to be used for other municipal service tasks, such as winter maintenance.

Due to the lateral arrangement of the operating devices for the dumping device, the operating personnel do not need to stay on the street when emptying the individual small waste containers, but can work from the opposite side.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the device for pre-selecting the waste and the dumping device for the individual small waste containers are arranged next to one another in the area between the driver's cab and the waste collection container, so that in particular the device for pre-selecting the amount of waste is easily accessible for the operating personnel of the waste disposal vehicle. when the dumping device has been hydraulically raised for emptying and is supported on the filling funnel of the pre-selecting device. The device for pre-selecting the waste fed via the dumping device is designed as a shape barrier and only allows waste fractions below a certain size to pass through. According to a favorable further development of the invention, a conveyor belt scale is arranged downstream of the shape barrier in order to be able to sort out waste components that are too heavy. A collecting funnel is arranged on the top of the pre-selecting device, through which the waste to be selected is fed from the dumping device. The waste components separated by the pre-selection device equipped with a viewing window are removed manually by the operator of the waste disposal vehicle.

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and stored separately. According to a favorable development of the invention, filling into plastic bags or special containers in or on the vehicle is provided.

The space used for the dumping device, including the pre-selection device, is essentially cuboid-shaped and extends vertically upwards from the plane spanned by the loading area of the waste disposal vehicle.

After passing through the device for pre-sorting the waste, the corresponding amount of waste is fed to the device for shaping the waste. For this purpose, according to a favorable development of the invention, a belt conveyor is provided which moves the waste essentially transversely to the axis of the waste disposal vehicle. The shaping process changes the shape of voluminous waste components in order to make it easier to cut. The device for shaping the waste has one or more pairs of rotating rollers, by means of which bottles contained in the waste are broken up and plastic cups, cans or other hollow bodies are rolled flat. In this configuration, the individual waste components are fed to the waste shredding device via a preferably belt conveyor.

According to another advantageous development of the invention, the device for shredding waste installed on the waste disposal vehicle is designed as a shredder. The shredder can preferably be loaded from the side and has a preferably circular filling opening to which the belt conveyor is connected.

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closed. The waste material shredded by the shredder enters the waste collection container via a filling opening on the front of the container. To facilitate the introduction of the shredded waste, the shredder has mechanical means, such as blade-shaped knives, to accelerate the shredded material towards the filling opening of the waste collection container, but preferably in an axial direction. For larger quantities of shredded waste material, the use of a ventilation system, such as a blower with an axial fan, or the arrangement of an additional means of transport, such as a horizontal conveyor or a screw conveyor extending into the waste collection container designed as a swap container, is advantageous.

In order to keep the length of the vehicle as short as possible, the shredder in the preferred embodiment of the invention can be arranged at roof height of the driver's cab in order to transfer the shredded waste from this high position into the waste collection container through a nozzle.

The small waste containers that are parked at the side of the road and are to be emptied into the waste collection container are picked up by the filling device with lifting and tipping devices on the long side of the waste disposal vehicle. In order to be able to empty small waste containers with larger dimensions into the waste collection container, according to a preferred development of the invention, the driver's cab of the waste disposal vehicle is retracted on the passenger side in its length on the side facing the waste collection container. This enables in a favorable way that the waste collection container (with the same

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vehicle length) have an increased capacity or can be used in a standard size. In particular, the small waste containers of different sizes currently in use can be picked up by the lifting and tipping device.

Rollers arranged at the rear of the vehicle allow the waste collection container to be set down on level ground, so that intermediate storage times when moving the waste collection container do not delay the further use of the vehicle and its operating crew.

These and additional advantageous developments of the invention are also characterized in the subclaims or are described in more detail below together with the description of a preferred embodiment of the invention using the figures. They show:

Figure 1 shows a first preferred embodiment of the invention in a schematic side view,

Figure 2 shows the embodiment shown in Figure 1 in partial view from above,

Figure 3 shows a variant of the embodiment according to Figure 1 with a widened chute partially retracted into the driver's cab in a partial view from above,

Figure 4 is a partial view of a further development of the invention shown in Figure 1, seen from the side, and

Figure 5 shows a second variant of the embodiment according to Figure 1.

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In all of the embodiments of the waste disposal vehicle according to the invention shown in the following figures, the small waste containers of households or other establishments are emptied from the side in the area between the driver's cab and the swap container. The waste reaches a high area, is shredded there and transported through a corresponding opening into the swap container.

The waste disposal vehicle 1 shown in Figures 1 and 2 in side view and as a top view of the front of the vehicle has, in the area between a waste collection container 2 designed as a swap container and the driver's cab 3, a dumping device 6 driven by a hydraulic system 12 for lifting and tipping a waste container 8 to be emptied, a device 7 for pre-selecting the waste introduced via a collecting funnel 7.1, a device 10 for prefabricated shaping of the waste and a waste shredding device 4 arranged above the hydraulic device 12. These devices 4, 6, 7 and 10 required for the operation of the waste disposal vehicle 1 are arranged in such a way that a cuboid-shaped space remains between them. This space extends with its longitudinal axis vertically upwards from the plane spanned by the loading area 1.1 of the waste disposal vehicle 1 and is partially filled by a conveyor device 9, through which the waste prepared by changing its shape is fed to the waste shredding device 4.

The device 7 for pre-selecting the waste has a form lock (not shown) or a conveyor belt scale by which waste components that are too bulky or too heavy are held back. These are connected via a

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The operator of the waste disposal vehicle can remove the hinged viewing window from the device 7 when the small waste container 8 is in the raised position and rests on the collecting funnel 7.1 assigned to the pre-selection device 7. The selected waste components are deposited in a separate container 5, which is located behind the dumping device 6 in the direction of travel.

The circular filling opening of the waste shredding device 4 is enclosed by the discharge nozzle of the conveyor device 9, so that unwanted spilling of waste is avoided.

The (not shown) shredding blades of the waste shredding device 4, which is preferably designed as a shredder, have a shovel shape, so that the shredded waste components are advantageously accelerated rearward within the shredder 4 essentially parallel to the vehicle's longitudinal axis 1.2 and are also distributed more evenly within the container volume. The drive of the shredded waste can in particular also be based on a tangential acceleration given to the corresponding particles or a simultaneously generated air flow (see position 13 in Figure 4). It is clear that by suitably designing the shredding blades or corresponding additional elements arranged downstream on the same shaft, the shredding and ejection - out of the shredder and into the waste collection container 2 - can be effected by means of a single drive device.

Figures 3 and 4 show other advantageous developments for a waste disposal vehicle 1' and 1'' with a

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Swap container 2 is shown. In order to be able to pick up and lift larger waste containers 8 and tip them over the collection funnel 7.1 of the device 7 for pre-selection, the driver's cab 3 has a cuboid-shaped recess 13 on its rear wall on the passenger side, which extends over the entire height of the driver's cab 3.

In order to be able to introduce the considerable amount of waste that arises each time a waste container 8' is emptied into the swap container 2 without the risk of a jam, the waste shredding device 4 is assigned an air-conditioning system 17 in addition to the conveyor device 11. This is designed as a blower with a transverse fan and accelerates the shredded waste components essentially parallel to the vehicle's longitudinal axis 1.2 from the shredder 4 towards the swap container 2.

For good use of space, it is advantageous to arrange the air conditioning system in front of the waste shredding device 4 and above the driver's cab 3, whereby the reduction of air resistance during driving is taken into account by an aerodynamically designed housing.

In the further development of the waste disposal vehicle 1 shown in Figure 5, an additional conveyor device 14 is provided instead of an air-conditioning system, which improves the discharge of the shredded waste components from the shredder 4 into the swap container 2. The device 14 is designed as a substantially horizontally extending belt conveyor which projects into the swap container 2.

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The arrows 15, 16 indicate the direction of movement of the conveyor belt or the direction of rotation of the deflection roller of the conveyor device 14.

The invention is not limited in its implementation to the preferred embodiment given above. Instead, a number of variants are conceivable which make use of the solution presented even in fundamentally different implementations.

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Claims (17)

LR45.G1 - 14 - Claims 1. Waste disposal vehicle (1, V , I''), with a waste collection container (2), on the narrow side of which a filling opening is provided - in particular pointing in the direction of travel - a device (6) arranged between the waste collection container (2) and the driver's cab (3) for emptying a small waste container (8, 8') and a mechanical waste shredding device (4) with a conveyor device for transferring the shredded waste into the waste collection container (2), characterized, that the waste collection container (2) is designed as a swap container and that a device (7) for pre-selection and a device (10) for shaping the waste components are provided. 2. Waste disposal vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the device (6) for emptying the small waste container (8, 8') is designed as a dumping device for receiving, lifting and tipping the small waste container to be emptied. 3. Waste disposal vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device LR45.G1 - 15 - (7) for pre-selection, a shape lock and a hinged viewing window and the device (10) for shaping the waste have at least one pair of rollers and are arranged in the space between the driver's cab (3) and the waste collection container (2). 4. Waste disposal vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a conveyor device (9) is provided for transferring the prepared waste from the device (10) to the mechanical waste shredding device (4), which is arranged in the area between the driver's cab (3) and the waste collection container (2) at least partially laterally next to the device (7) for pre-selection. 5. Waste disposal vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the device 7 for pre-selection is arranged between the dumping device (6) for receiving, lifting and tipping the small waste container (8, 8') to be emptied and a hydraulic system (12) and in the direction of travel in front of the device (10) for shaping the waste and is arranged in the plane spanned by the loading area of the waste disposal vehicle (1, V ₁ 1''). 6. Waste disposal vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that the waste shredding device (4) is arranged above the hydraulic system (12). 7. Waste disposal vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that in the device (7) for pre-selecting for the transport of the waste from the device (7) LR45.G1 - 16 - A belt conveyor is provided for the device (10) for shaping and finishing. 8. Waste disposal vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the waste shredding device (4) is designed as a shredder that can be filled from above or from the side and has - in particular shovel-shaped - blades. 9. Waste disposal vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that the shredder has mechanical drive means (11) through which the shredded waste is transferred from the waste shredding device (4) into the container (2) essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis (1.2) of the vehicle (1). 10. Waste disposal vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that additional drive means (13, 14) for transporting the shredded waste from the mechanical waste shredding device (4) into the waste collection container (2) are provided, which in particular consist of a blower (13). 11. Waste disposal vehicle according to claim 10, characterized in that the blower (13) is arranged in the direction of travel in front of the waste shredding device (4) and/or above the driver's cab (3). 12. Waste disposal vehicle according to claim 11, characterized in that the blower (13) is a cross-flow fan tt t»«» LR45.G1 - 17 - having. 13. Waste disposal vehicle according to claim 10, characterized in that a belt conveyor (14) is provided as an additional means, which - arranged on the discharge side of the waste shredding device (4) - projects into the waste collection container (2) and whose free end is designed to be movable essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis (1.2) of the waste disposal vehicle (1). 14. Waste disposal vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the container (2) is designed to be interchangeable to the rear and/or to the side. 15. Waste disposal vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ventilation system (11) has a housing for air guidance with a low flow resistance. 16. Waste disposal vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the driver's cab (3) on the side facing away from the driver’s seat, a recess extending over substantially the entire height of the driver’s seat (12) into which the dumping device for picking up, lifting and tipping the small waste container to be emptied extends at least partially. 17. Waste disposal vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mechanical waste shredding device (4) is connected to the conveyor device LR45.G1 - 18 - device (13) for transferring the shredded waste into the waste collection container (2) is arranged at least partially above the roof of the driver's cab (3).