DE29503592U1 - Sideboards for trucks - Google Patents

Description

DAUT-42gDE
02 March 1995

-1-DESCRIPTION

Side wall equipment for trucks TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to a side wall device for trucks, the loading area of which is surrounded at least in part by the side wall device in the edge area. 10

Such side wall devices are exposed to rough operation, particularly in vehicles used to transport earth, rock, rubble or similar materials.

STATE OF THE ART

It is known to use corrugated metal side walls on tipping vehicles. However, the existing profiling on the inside is detrimental to the flow of bulk material during the unloading process. The profiling also offers the possibility for sticky bulk material to stick, which can lead to undesirable contamination that must be removed. Corrugations are used to achieve side walls with high rigidity. The stiffening of the side walls by corrugations also has the disadvantage that the corrugations "open up" under heavy loads, i.e. that due to the existing geometric conditions, the corrugations initially show plastic deformation under heavy loads. As a result, the overall shape of the side wall is lost over time, which leaves an unfavourable visual impression.

In order to avoid these disadvantages of corrugated side walls, it is known to provide side walls with a smooth inner part and to provide reinforcement ribs welded on the outside. Such side walls are relatively heavy

DAUT-42gDE
02 March 1995

and complex to manufacture. In addition, they do not offer an easy option for side wall labeling. In addition, the side walls with external ribbing are labor-intensive to manufacture and require special devices to suppress welding distortion during the manufacturing process.

A side wall for trucks is known from the German utility model G 94 13 0 04.3, in which metal profile elements with their profile openings are placed on a flat metal plate which forms the other side of the side wall with its side opposite the metal profile elements, whereby the metal profile elements are welded to one another with the metal plate. Such a double-walled side wall has a relatively high rigidity and is relatively complex to manufacture due to the large number of weld seams that have to be provided.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Based on the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention is based on the technical problem or task of specifying an improved side wall device that is simple and therefore economical to manufacture, ensures perfect drainage of bulk material and is suitable for long-term and functional use under rough conditions.

The side wall device according to the invention is given by the features of the independent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and further developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

The side wall device according to the invention of the type mentioned at the beginning is therefore characterized in that on the two opposite longitudinal edges of the side wall device there is a rigid edge profile unit which

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DAUT-42gDE
02 March 1995

a flexible plate unit arranged between the edge profiles, whereby rigid edge profile units are preferably also present on the transverse edges of the side wall device, which are connected to the plate unit.

The preferred material for the plate unit is high-strength fine-grain structural steels, which are easy to weld and have a high yield strength while still exhibiting a relatively high elongation. Fine-grain structural steels with a yield strength of 350 N/mm ² up to 700 N/mm ² can be used, depending on the requirements of the individual case. It is even possible to use steels with a yield strength of up to 1000 N/mm ² , but these steels are only used as plate units and can no longer be profiled. The edge profile units are preferably connected to the plate unit by welding. However, a screw or rivet connection can also be used.

In a particularly advantageous design, the plate unit has a large part of a smooth outer and inner surface, i.e. a surface lying in one plane. This means that there is a flat plate unit between the upper and lower edge profiles, whereby this plate unit has no external stiffening ribs and/or beads. The plate unit is attached to the frame formed by the edge profile units so that it acts like a membrane and can give way to impacts and shocks over a large area elastically (like a leaf spring). This means that impact forces that occur suddenly (e.g. when loading with boulders) can be absorbed by elastic deformation without causing plastic deformation or even punctures. The provision of a smooth inner side ensures that the bulk material slides off properly. The smooth outer side offers no resistance to bulk material falling on the outside of the side wall, so that in this case no paint damage occurs.

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02 March 1995

The smooth outer surface can also easily be used as a labeling and advertising surface.

The fact that only a plate unit has to be welded between the edge profile elements opens up favorable manufacturing options, which results in economical use of such side wall devices.

In order to produce a particularly robust side wall device that corresponds to the robustness of a side wall provided with external ribs, the proportion of material that the ribs would represent can be introduced into the middle part or into the plate unit and in this way, for example, a side wall of the same weight can be produced. The known side wall device, which is three millimeters thick and provided with ribs, is replaced by a side wall device with a four or five millimeter plate unit thickness without external ribs. Such a side wall is elegant and inexpensive to produce. Due to its large-area spring effect, it has a much greater dimensional stability than a ribbed wall. Experience has shown that ribbed surface structures in the vicinity of ribs develop dents under high loads because the overall structure cannot give way elastically and therefore deforms plastically. This is avoided with the side wall device according to the invention.

In addition, it is possible to produce the appropriate side wall device for specified applications by slightly adjusting the material thickness of the plate unit. In a particularly preferred embodiment, at least the edge profile units of the longitudinal edges are designed as hollow profiles. The hollow profiles can have a slot or a recess into which the plate unit can be inserted, so that height compensation is possible when assembling the device. In addition, this makes it possible to use only one plate with

DAUT-42gDE
02 March 1995

to provide fixed dimensions and to set the desired height in each individual case by moving the edge profile units during the manufacturing process.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the edge profile unit has a projection that serves as a stop surface during assembly. It is also possible to connect the plate unit to the respective edge profile unit using just a single weld seam.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the side wall device according to the invention is characterized in that the connection of the edge profile unit to the plate unit is designed in such a way that the connecting means are essentially located in the center of gravity (neutral axis) of the cross section formed by the edge profile units and the plate unit. This measure means that less distortion occurs during welding than with weld seams arranged outside the center of gravity. This is particularly advantageous because no complex and labor-intensive devices are then required to prevent distortion of the components during the welding process.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the side wall device according to the invention is characterized in that the edge profile units on the transverse edge are designed as hollow profile units, so that overall a torsion-resistant frame is created together with the edge profiles present in the longitudinal direction. By forming a torsion-resistant frame it is possible to unload the bulk material laterally via this side wall device, whereby the side wall device is only mounted on a transverse edge and on the hinge bearing on the underside. The folding movement of the side wall device can preferably be carried out via a hydraulic device, whereby this hydraulic device is also only arranged on one side.

DAÜT-42gDE
02 March 1995

Further embodiments and advantages of the invention result from the features further listed in the claims and from the exemplary embodiments given below. The features of the claims can be combined with one another in any way, provided they are not obviously mutually exclusive.

SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

The invention and advantageous embodiments and further developments of the same are described and explained in more detail below using the examples shown in the drawing. The features shown in the description and the drawing can be used individually or in groups in any combination according to the invention. They show:

Fig. 1 schematic detailed perspective of a truck with a side wall device with edge profile units and a plate unit,

Fig. 2 schematic detailed perspective section of an embodiment ,

Fig. 3, 4, 5

schematic section through a side wall device with different edge profile supports,

Fig. β schematic static system of the plate unit, as a four-sided supported plate,

Fig. 7 schematic cross-sectional view of a side wall device with edge profile units on the transverse edge,

Fig. 8 schematic plan view of a side wall device according to Fig. 7,

DAUT-42gDE
02 March 1995

Fig. 9: Schematic detailed longitudinal section of the side wall device in the transverse edge area of an edge profile unit according to Fig. 7.

WAYS TO CARRY OUT THE INVENTION

A truck 10 has a loading area 14, which has a side wall device 12 on its longitudinal edges and on its rear transverse edge, which consists of individual side wall units 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5. The side wall units 12.1, 12.2, 12.4, 12.5 located on the longitudinal edges of the loading area 14 are hinged to the loading area 14 via hinge bearings not shown in Fig. 1, with the axis of rotation lying essentially in the area of the plane of the loading area 14. In the front, middle and rear longitudinal edge area there is a so-called stanchion 15, which protrudes upwards above the loading area 14 and is designed as a cantilever beam. The side wall units 12.1, 12.2, 12.4, 12.5 can be locked in the upper end area on the stanchions 15. The side wall unit 12.3 on the rear is connected to the rear stanchions 15 in an articulated manner, with the axis of rotation in the upper end area of the stanchions 15, so that when bulk goods are emptied by folding up the loading area 14, the same can slide through between the articulated axis and the loading area 14, as the side wall unit 12.3 opens.

The side wall units can also be hinged to the loading area in such a way that the axis of rotation of all units is in the area of the loading area. In addition, the side wall unit arranged at the rear can be completely omitted on so-called dump trucks. Finally, a side wall 12.9 can be arranged in the area immediately behind the driver's cab of the truck.

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DAUT-42gDE
02 March 1995

The side wall units described below using structural examples are constructed according to the following principle. There are edge profile units with high rigidity on the longitudinal and transverse edges of the units, whereby these edge profile units form a support frame for a plate unit arranged between them. The plate unit itself has a smooth outer and inner surface and is designed to be "flexible". The term flexural flexibility is to be understood here as meaning that the plate unit is able to absorb forces that occur during loading and unloading by elastically yielding. This does not result in plastic deformation of the plate unit as with the known stiffened side wall devices. The impact energy or pressure that occurs during loading or unloading is converted into elastic deformation energy of the plate unit. The material used for the plate unit is preferably high-strength fine-grain structural steel, which has yield strength values in the order of 700 N/mm ² or higher. By choosing this material, it is possible to absorb high forces without any problems without damaging the plate unit.

In the following, structural embodiments of the side wall device according to the invention are described, whereby hollow profile elements are preferably used as edge profile units. However, the use of U-profiles or similar rolled profiles is also possible.

In the figures, the inside loading area is marked with 60 and the outside area outside the loading area is marked with 70.

The side wall unit 12.1 shown in detail in Fig. 2 has an upper edge profile 22 and a lower edge profile 24. The upper edge profile 22 is essentially designed as a parallelogram-like hollow profile, with the upper

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02 March 1995

The profile wall 62 on the side is arranged inclined inwards so that bulk material striking the profile wall 62 during loading can slide inwards towards the loading surface 14. The lower edge profile unit 22 has a lower wall 64 which is arranged essentially parallel to the loading surface 14 so that no bulk material can accumulate between the loading surface 14 and the wall 64.

The edge profile unit 22 has a recess 42 in its lower corner area facing the inner side 60, into which a plate unit 30.1 designed as a rectangular plate can be inserted during the manufacturing process before welding. In the same way, the inward-facing upper corner area of the lower edge profile device 24 has a recess 42 into which the plate unit 30.1 can also be inserted. The plate unit 30.1 is therefore inserted into the edge profile units 22 or 24 during the manufacturing process of the side wall unit 12.1 until the desired height of the side wall unit 12.1 is reached. The plate unit 30.1 is then connected to the edge profile units 22 or 24 via weld seams that are to be applied accordingly and are not shown in Fig. 2.

By inserting the plate unit 30.1 into the edge profile units 22 and 24, it is possible to compensate for certain tolerances during the manufacturing process and, conversely, it is possible to use a predefined plate unit 30.1 to easily produce side wall units that have a different height adapted to the respective required conditions.

The side wall unit 12.6 shown schematically in cross section in Fig. 3 has an upper edge profile unit 26 designed as a hollow profile and a lower edge profile unit 28 designed as a hollow profile. The upper edge profile unit 26 has an inwardly inclined upper outer wall 62.

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02 March 1995 ·_··** ·..* · .· * *"·

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The lower edge profile unit 28 has a lower wall 64 which is parallel to the loading surface 14. The plate unit 30.2 arranged between the edge profile units 26, 28 has bevels 31 running in the longitudinal direction in its upper region, so that in this region there is an inclined plate surface 66 which projects into the inner region 60. On the underside of the upper edge profile unit 26 there is a slot 40 into which the plate unit 30.2 can be inserted during the manufacturing process before welding.

Accordingly, on the top side of the lower edge profile unit 28 there is a slot 40 into which the plate unit 30.2 can be inserted in certain areas. During the manufacturing process, after the plate unit 30.2 has been inserted into the slots, a welded seam connection 50 is created on both sides of the slot.

The arrangement of the edge profile units 26, 28 in conjunction with the bevels 31 of the plate unit 30.2 and the resulting inclined surfaces 66 forms a cross-section, one of whose centroids is designated 34 in Fig. 3. The weld seams 50 are arranged in such a way that they lie in the plane of the centroid 34. This has the advantage that practically no distortion occurs during the production process of the weld seams and the components can be welded without having to provide complex devices that prevent distortion of the side wall unit 12.6 during the welding process.

The side wall unit 12.6 is hinged to the loading area 14 via a hinge bearing unit 20 which is attached to the lower edge profile unit 28.

The side wall unit 12.7 shown schematically in cross section in Fig. 4 differs from the side wall unit 12.6 according to Fig. 3 in that an edge profile unit 24 according to Fig. 2 is used in the lower area, whereby the

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edges 31 and the resulting inclined surface 66 is only present in the upper edge area of the plate unit 30.3. This embodiment represents a compromise solution between the embodiment according to Fig. 2 and the embodiment according to Fig. 3, wherein the lower edge profile unit 24 is connected via weld seams 48 offset from one another in the plate plane.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic cross section of another embodiment of a side wall unit 12.8, the structural design of which is shown in Figures 7, 8 and 9.

Here, an upper edge profile unit 21 is present, which is designed as a hollow profile with a cross-section as a parallelogram with an inwardly inclined upper outer surface 62. The edge profile unit 21 is shaped in such a way that a downward-pointing projection 44 is present, which serves as a stop surface for the plate unit 30.1 during the manufacturing process.

Accordingly, there is a lower edge profile unit 23, which has an upwardly pointing projection 44, which also serves as a stop surface for the plate unit 30.1 during the manufacturing process of the side wall unit 12.8. The connection of the plate unit 30.1 with the edge profile units 21 or 23 is made via weld seams 68 in the plane of the plate unit 30.1, which connect the plate unit 30.1 with the projection 44 and the adjacent profile leg 69 of the edge profile unit 23. The projection 44 is thus used as a weld pool safety device and at the same time it is possible to compensate for manufacturing tolerances, e.g. as a result of shearing or bending processes when manufacturing the individual parts.

As shown schematically in Fig. 7, between the edge profile units 21 and 23, which extend along the upper and lower longitudinal edges of the plate unit 30.1, in the respective transverse end area there is an edge profile unit 19, which serves as

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The edge profile units 21, 23 and the edge profile units 19 form a rigid rectangular frame to which the "flexible" plate unit 30.1 is connected by means of appropriately dimensioned weld seams. In addition, in the transverse edge area between the upper edge profile unit 21 and the lower edge profile unit 23 there is a reinforcement unit 18 which is designed in such a way that a hollow profile cross-section is also created between the edge profile units 21 and 23. One can even say that the edge profile unit 19 together with the reinforcement unit 18 form an overall hollow profile of great rigidity.

A variant not shown is possible by a combination of Fig. 3 and 5. In this case, a beveled plate unit is used and the edge profile units are designed with an overhang so that they can each be attached with a single weld seam, whereby this weld seam is arranged in the area of the center of gravity of the overall profile.

Fig. β shows a schematic representation of the static system for the plate unit 30.1. The plate unit 30.1 is supported on its longitudinal edges and transverse edges on the edge profile units and is therefore present as a plate supported on four sides. Any loads that occur are absorbed in such a way that the existing forces are converted into elastic deformation energy by the plate unit 30.1 giving way (see bending lines 80.1 and 80.2), so that no plastic deformation of the plate unit 30.1 occurs.

The illustrated embodiments merely represent possibilities of implementing the side wall unit according to the invention. A design that corresponds to the usual dimensions and is able to cope with the loads that occur in daily operation

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The solution for a side wall unit is provided in particular by the fact that 4 to 5 mm is chosen as the thickness for the plate unit, although thinner or thicker thicknesses are easily possible in the respective application. The manufacture of the side wall unit according to the invention is particularly economical, since only simple assembly and welding processes are required.

Claims (1)

DAUT-42gDE j**;; ,*'.*..' I 1 1.. 02 March 1995 · ;| . : * ''' * ·" -1-CLAIMS 01) Side wall device (12) for trucks (10), the loading area (14) of which is surrounded at least in part in the edge area by the side wall device (12), characterized in that on the two opposite longitudinal edges of the side wall device (12) there is a rigid edge profile unit (16, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 28) which is connected to a flexible plate unit (30.1; 30.2; 30.3) arranged between the edge profiles and the plate unit (30.1; 30.2; 30.3) has a largely smooth outer and inner surface, i.e. a surface lying in one plane. 02) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that rigid edge profile units (19) are provided on the transverse edges of the side wall device (12), which are connected to the plate unit (30.1). 03) Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the edge profile units (16; 21; 22; 23; 24; 26; 28) of the longitudinal edges are designed as hollow profiles. 04) Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the hollow profile has a slot (40) or a recess (42) into which the plate unit (30.1; 30.2) can be inserted, so that height compensation is possible during manufacture of the device. DAUT-42gDE ; j .· ; ; .· II*, 02 March 1995 : : : * : : -2 - 05) Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the edge profile unit (16) has a projection (44) which serves as a stop surface for the plate unit (30.1) during assembly of the device. 06) Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a welded, riveted, screwed or adhesive connection is provided as a connecting means for the edge profile units with the panel unit. 07) Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection of the edge profile unit (26, 28) to the plate unit (30.2) is designed such that the connecting means (50) are present essentially in the center of gravity (34) of the cross section formed by the edge profile units (26, 28) and the plate unit (30.2) (Fig. 3). 08) Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plate unit is made of high-strength fine-grain structural steel with high yield strength.
30 09) Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the side wall device has several side wall units (12.1, ... 12.5, 12.9). DAUT-42gDE 02 March 1995 -3 - 10) Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the edge profile unit on the transverse edge is designed as a hollow profile unit, so that together with the edge profile units present in the longitudinal direction, a torsion-resistant frame is created.